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WO2009123469A1 - Topologie de dévoltage-survoltage - Google Patents

Topologie de dévoltage-survoltage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009123469A1
WO2009123469A1 PCT/NO2009/000119 NO2009000119W WO2009123469A1 WO 2009123469 A1 WO2009123469 A1 WO 2009123469A1 NO 2009000119 W NO2009000119 W NO 2009000119W WO 2009123469 A1 WO2009123469 A1 WO 2009123469A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
winding
terminal
control
voltage
main winding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/NO2009/000119
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English (en)
Inventor
Christian M. Hartmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Magtech AS
Original Assignee
Magtech AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Magtech AS filed Critical Magtech AS
Publication of WO2009123469A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009123469A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current 
    • G05F1/12—Regulating voltage or current  wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is AC
    • G05F1/32—Regulating voltage or current  wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is AC using magnetic devices having a controllable degree of saturation as final control devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to voltage stabilization of power supply lines. More particularly, the invention relates to methods and systems that employ a variable inductance to compensate for voltage variations that may arise in power supply lines.
  • EP 1 576 437 Bl describes a system for voltage stabilization of power supply lines.
  • Fig. Ia is an illustration of the system of this publication, where it is shown that an autotransformer Tl and a variable inductance LR is connected between a line input LI and a line output LO.
  • the autotransformer Tl comprises a series winding S and a parallel winding P, where the series winding comprises a first terminal Sl for connection to a line input terminal LI.
  • the series winding S has Ns turns, while the parallel winding P has Np turns.
  • the variable inductance LR is connected to the autotransformer and comprises a magnetic core, a first main winding MWl wound around a first axis, and a control winding CW wound around a second axis.
  • the first axis and the second axis are orthogonal axes so that when the first main winding and the control winding are energized, orthogonal fluxes are generated in the magnetic core.
  • a control system is arranged to control the permeability of the magnetic core to compensate automatically for voltage variations in the power supply line.
  • Figure Ib shows the relationship between the voltage phasors (phase vectors) for the system described in figure Ia when the control winding is energized with a dc current near its nominal value. This results in a large increase in output voltage relative to input voltage, i.e. that the voltage Uout > the voltage Uin.
  • Fig. Ic shows the voltage phasors for the same system.
  • the control winding is energized with a dc current near zero.
  • the voltage Uout is ⁇ Uin.
  • multiphase systems can comprise several such voltage stabilisation systems to enable individual voltage regulation on each phase and/or line voltages. Such systems have been found to have some deficiencies. This is especially evident in three-wire, delta coupled systems.
  • one such voltage stabilization system is normally connected between two and two phases. If the load is skew, or unsymmetric, there can be situations where the voltage over the light load is too high due to the influence of the neighboring line voltage.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a system for voltage stabilization of power supply lines where the output voltage is controlled to a more suitable level for all phases when needed, also for unsymmetrical loads. Moreover, it is an object of the invention to improve the symmetry of the output voltage from such stabilization systems.
  • the invention relates to a system for voltage stabilization of a power supply line, the system comprising: an autotransformer comprising a series winding and a parallel winding, where the series winding comprises a first terminal for connection to a line input terminal; a variable inductance connected to the autotransformer, the variable inductance comprising a magnetic core, a first main winding wound around a first axis, and a control winding wound around a second axis; wherein the first axis and the second axis are orthogonal axes so that when the first main winding and the control winding are energized, orthogonal fluxes are generated in the magnetic core; and a control system arranged to control the permeability of the magnetic core to compensate automatically for voltage variations in the power supply line; characterized in that the variable inductance comprises a second main winding wound around the first axis of the core, where the second main winding comprises a first terminal connected to a second terminal of the series winding of the autotransformer and
  • a second terminal of the first main winding is connected to the common input/output terminal.
  • the control system further comprises: a controller unit; a sensor unit comprising one or several sensors in electrical communication with the controller unit, wherein the sensor unit measures relevant process variables for input to the controller unit; a setpoint reference unit for setting one or more setpoint references for the controller unit; wherein the controller unit controls one or more control currents supplied to the control windings.
  • the invention also relates to a a three-phase system for voltage stabilization, comprising a system according to any of claim 1 - 4 for voltage stabilization of each phase.
  • control windings for three phases are connected in series or parallel and regulated together.
  • control windings for the three phases are controlled independently of one another.
  • the invention also relates to a method of stabilizing a voltage, the method comprising the steps of: connecting an autotransformer comprising series winding and a parallel winding to an line input terminal; connecting a first main winding of a controllable inductance between the parallel winding and a common input/output terminal, where the first main winding is wound around a magnetic core; connecting a second main winding between the series winding and an output line terminal, where the second main winding is wound around the magnetic core; generating orthogonal magnetic fields in the magnetic core; sensing an output voltage; adjusting at least one of the orthogonal magnetic fields to control a permeability of the magnetic core to adjust the voltage in response to the output voltage sensed.
  • the method further comprises the step of controlling the permeability further comprises adjusting a control current supplied to a control winding of the controllable inductance.
  • Fig. Ia illustrates a prior art system for voltage stabilization of power supply lines.
  • Fig. Ib illustrates a phasor diagram for fig. Ia for control current near nominal value.
  • Fig. Ic illustrates a phasor diagram for fig. Ia for control current near zero.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates an embodiment of the system for voltage stabilization according to the invention.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a general block diagram of the embodiment in a power supply system.
  • Fig. 4a illustrates the system of fig. 2 in a three phase delta configuration.
  • Fig. 4b illustrates the system of fig. 2 in a three phase star configuration.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates the buck and boost modes of operation in relation to the control current.
  • Figs. 6 - 9 illustrate different phasor diagrams for the embodiment shown in fig. 2 and fig. 4a.
  • fig. 2 illustrating an embodiment of a system for voltage stabilization of a power supply line according to the invention.
  • the system is generally denoted with reference number 1.
  • Many of the elements of the system in fig. 2 is similar to elements of fig. 1 a, and the reference numbers are used where suitable.
  • the system comprises an autotransformer Tl, a variable inductance LR and a control system.
  • the autotransformer Tl (indicated by upper dashed box in fig. 2) comprises a first, so-called series winding S and a second, so-called parallel winding P.
  • the series winding S comprises a first terminal Sl and a second terminal S2.
  • the parallel winding P comprises a first terminal Pl and a second terminal P2.
  • the series and parallel windings S, P are wound around the same core. Consequently, a change in the voltage over the parallel winding P will cause a change in the voltage over the series winding S.
  • variable inductance LR (indicated by lower dashed box in fig. 2) comprises a magnetic core, a first main winding MWl wound around a first axis of the core, and a control winding CW wound around a second axis of the core.
  • the first axis and the second axis are orthogonal axes so that when the first main winding and the control winding are energized, orthogonal fluxes are generated in the magnetic core.
  • the control system is arranged to control the permeability of the magnetic core of the variable inductance LR to compensate automatically for voltage variations in the power supply line.
  • the control system may comprise a controller unit, a sensor unit and a setpoint reference unit.
  • the sensor unit comprises one or several sensors in electrical communication with the controller unit, wherein the sensor unit measures relevant process variables for input to the controller unit.
  • the setpoint reference unit is used to set one or more setpoint references for the controller unit, i.e. as reference signals.
  • Input to the control system may be process variables such as output voltage Uout and the setpoint reference may be a corresponding voltage reference.
  • Output from the control system is a dc current supplied to the control winding of the variable inductance LR.
  • the control current is increased or decreased to achieve an output voltage Uout being as close as possible to the reference voltage.
  • the autotransformer Tl, the variable inductance LR and the control system are described in detail in the abovementioned publication EP 1 576 437 Bl and are hence considered known for a skilled person.
  • the first terminal Sl of the series winding S and the first terminal Pl of the parallel winding P are connected to the line input terminal LI.
  • the first main winding MWl is connected with its first terminal 14 to the second terminal P2 of the parallel winding P and with its second terminal 16 to a common input/output terminal L. This corresponds to the system illustrated in fig. Ia.
  • variable inductance LR comprises a second main winding MW2 wound around the first axis of the core.
  • the second main winding comprises a first terminal 10 connected to a second terminal S2 of the series winding S of the autotransformer Tl.
  • the second main winding MW2 comprises a second terminal 12 for connection to the line output terminal LO.
  • fig. 3 Here it is shown a power source and a line impedance representing power transmission.
  • fig. 4a where a three phase system according to the invention is illustrated.
  • three systems Ia, Ib and Ic each corresponding to system 1 in fig. 2, are connected between the respective phases A, B C (illustrated by voltages Ua, Ub, Uc respectively).
  • first main winding MWl of a first system Ia is connected to the first terminals Sl, Pl of a second system Ib
  • first main winding MWl of the second system Ib is connected to the first terminals Sl 5 Pl of a third system Ic
  • first main winding MWl of the third system Ic s connected to the first terminals Sl, Pl of the first system Ia.
  • fig. 4b where an alternative embodiment of fig. 4a is illustrated.
  • the system is connected as a star connection, where the first main winding MWl of the respective first, second and third systems Ia, Ib, Ic are connected directly to each other.
  • a first interval is denoted with "buck", indicating that in this interval the system is bucking or decreasing the output voltage Uout, or, in case of a three phase system, the output voltage for one phase Ua, Ub or Uc.
  • a second interval is denoted with "boost”, indicating that in this interval the system is boosting or increasing the output voltage Uout, or, in case of a three phase system, the output voltage for one phase Ua, Ub or Uc.
  • control windings for a three phase stabilization system may be connected in series or in parallel and hence be regulated together by one common control system.
  • control windings for the three phase stabilization system are controlled independently of one another.
  • FIG. 6 and 7 show the phasor relationships in the single phase topology from figure 2.
  • Figure 6 shows the system in boost mode
  • figure 7 shows the system in buck mode.
  • the phasor U MW2 representing the voltage over the second main winding Mw 2
  • U MWI represents the voltage over the first main winding Mwi-
  • the magnitude of phasor U M W 2 is determined by the winding ratio N M W 2 /N M W I -
  • Us representing the voltage over the series winding S is related to Up, representing the voltage over the parallel winding Np, by the winding ratio Ns/Np.
  • the ability to buck the output voltage is mainly governed by the winding ratio N M W 2 /N M W I while the ability to boost the output voltage is mainly governed by the winding ratio Ns/Np.
  • the two winding ratios N MW2 /N MWI and Ns/Np also affect each other: the ability to buck is reduced by increasing the ability to boost and vice versa. Therefore, the winding ratios N MW2 /N MWI and Ns/Np must be carefully selected. Between buck and boost mode there will be a neutral mode where the reducing voltage U M W 2 and the increasing voltage US cancel each other.
  • Figure 8 shows the voltage phasors for a skew loaded three phase system based on prior art technology from EP 1 576 437 BL.
  • This system consists of three delta- connected voltage stabilisation systems, each as shown in figure Ia. In situations where the load is unsymmetric, this system will be unable to boost the voltage of the heavy loaded lines without increasing the voltage of the line with light load at the same time. This is exemplified by an 1.1 p.u. output voltage in figure 8.
  • Figure 9 shows the voltage phasors for the delta-connected system described in figure 4a.
  • the system is based on three regulators, each equal to the system shown in figure 2. Since these regulators have the ability to buck the output voltage, it is now possible to avoid the problem described in figure 8 at unsymmetric loads.
  • Figure 9 shows this: all output voltages are now equal to 1.0 p.u. for the same load as in figure 8.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un système destiné à la stabilisation de la tension d'une ligne d'alimentation. Le système comprend un autotransformateur (T1) qui comporte un enroulement série (S) et un enroulement parallèle (P). L'enroulement série comporte une première borne (S1) devant être reliée à une borne d'entrée de ligne (LI). Le système comprend en outre une inductance variable (LR) reliée à l'autotransformateur, l'inductance variable comprenant un noyau magnétique, un premier enroulement principal (MW1) bobiné autour d'un premier axe, et un enroulement de commande (CW) bobiné autour d'un second axe. Le premier et le second axe sont des axes orthogonaux. Ainsi, lorsque le premier enroulement principal et l'enroulement de commande sont sous tension, des flux orthogonaux sont générés dans le noyau magnétique. Un système de commande est disposé pour commander la perméabilité du noyau magnétique afin de compenser automatiquement les variations de tension dans la ligne d'alimentation. L'inductance variable (LR) comprend un second enroulement principal (MW2) bobiné autour du premier axe du noyau, le second enroulement principal comprenant une première borne (10) reliée à une seconde borne (S2) de l'enroulement série (S) de l'autotransformateur (T1), et une seconde borne (12) devant être reliée à une borne de sortie de ligne (LO).
PCT/NO2009/000119 2008-03-31 2009-03-31 Topologie de dévoltage-survoltage Ceased WO2009123469A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US7251308P 2008-03-31 2008-03-31
US61/072,513 2008-03-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009123469A1 true WO2009123469A1 (fr) 2009-10-08

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013075886A3 (fr) * 2011-11-21 2014-01-03 Magtech As Système de commande de tension triphasée

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1997657A (en) * 1932-07-16 1935-04-16 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Regulating system
FR1161655A (fr) * 1956-11-20 1958-09-03 Régulateur de tension à transducteurs
WO2004053615A1 (fr) * 2002-12-12 2004-06-24 Magtech As Systeme pour la stabilisation de tension de lignes d'alimentation
WO2006068495A2 (fr) * 2004-12-23 2006-06-29 Magtech As Survolteur
WO2007035110A1 (fr) * 2005-09-23 2007-03-29 Magtech As Dispositif autotransformateur à entrefer magnétique
WO2007035111A1 (fr) * 2005-09-23 2007-03-29 Magtech As Bobinage de stabilisation de multivibrateur en systemes tn et tt

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1997657A (en) * 1932-07-16 1935-04-16 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Regulating system
FR1161655A (fr) * 1956-11-20 1958-09-03 Régulateur de tension à transducteurs
WO2004053615A1 (fr) * 2002-12-12 2004-06-24 Magtech As Systeme pour la stabilisation de tension de lignes d'alimentation
WO2006068495A2 (fr) * 2004-12-23 2006-06-29 Magtech As Survolteur
WO2007035110A1 (fr) * 2005-09-23 2007-03-29 Magtech As Dispositif autotransformateur à entrefer magnétique
WO2007035111A1 (fr) * 2005-09-23 2007-03-29 Magtech As Bobinage de stabilisation de multivibrateur en systemes tn et tt

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013075886A3 (fr) * 2011-11-21 2014-01-03 Magtech As Système de commande de tension triphasée

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