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WO2009116889A1 - Appareil destiné à être utilisé dans une centrale pour générer de l'énergie électrique ou mécanique à partir de chaleur résiduelle et utilisation d'un tel appareil - Google Patents

Appareil destiné à être utilisé dans une centrale pour générer de l'énergie électrique ou mécanique à partir de chaleur résiduelle et utilisation d'un tel appareil Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009116889A1
WO2009116889A1 PCT/RU2008/000157 RU2008000157W WO2009116889A1 WO 2009116889 A1 WO2009116889 A1 WO 2009116889A1 RU 2008000157 W RU2008000157 W RU 2008000157W WO 2009116889 A1 WO2009116889 A1 WO 2009116889A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
compressor
gas
thermokinetic
thermokinetic compressor
water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/RU2008/000157
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Norbert Huber
Viacheslav Vsevolodovich Schuchkin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to PCT/RU2008/000157 priority Critical patent/WO2009116889A1/fr
Publication of WO2009116889A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009116889A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/14—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid
    • F04F5/16—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid displacing elastic fluids
    • F04F5/18—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid displacing elastic fluids for compressing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/54—Installations characterised by use of jet pumps, e.g. combinations of two or more jet pumps of different type

Definitions

  • the invention is related to an apparatus for use in a plant for generating electrical or mechanical power, e.g. in a power plant, with at least one expansion turbine and further devices, especially a thermokinetic compressor. Further the invention is also related to the use of such an apparatus.
  • thermokinetic compressor In US 6 935 096 B2 a device called thermokinetic compressor (TC) is suggested. This device converts waste heat from airflow at low pressure to airflow at higher pressure. The En- ergy conversion is enabled by adding water spray. The resulting device is a machine without any rotating parts.
  • TC thermokinetic compressor
  • the spray nozzles have to be integrated, which is an additional cost factor together with injection system, piping, etc. 4.
  • the spray nozzle cones tend to disturb the supersonic flow and tend to cause shock waves which reduce the efficiency.
  • thermokinetic compressor a better thermokinetic compressor, whereby the described problems are solved or at least reduced.
  • the invention creates a new thermokinetic compressor, which can be implemented in plants with at least one expansion turbine. Additional or replacing cold gas is used to either increase mass flow rate at same pressure level or to even increase pressure.
  • the inlet duct (annular duct) for cooling gas injection has to be shaped according to Laval nozzle geometry.
  • the cold gas can either be air from the environment or any other gas resulting from other processes. Such a gas could be possibly cooler than the environmental air.
  • the invention has some advantages and particularities in respect to the state of art, which are defined by special feature . These are :
  • a power plant with turbines and the apparatus of the invention as device for waste heat recovery has much cheaper capi- tal expenditures, because no nozzles, condenser, etc. are needed. Besides there cheaper operational expenditures, because no water or at least less water is needed.
  • the recovered total pressure value through air injection is relatively small about 30 ⁇ 40 kPa but the effect is enough to compensate mixing losses and increase mass flow rate by about 10 ⁇ 15 % using cooling potential of atmospheric air that is free .
  • thermokinetic compressor in the last stages of turbines for interstage mass flow production by means of cold air injection to the main flow accelerated till supersonic speed, preserving value of total pressure.
  • thermokinetic compressor in respect to the state of art
  • Figure 5 a so called dry thermokinetic compressor
  • Figure 6 a cross section of the inlet part of a new thermokinetic compressor and Figure 7 the implementation of the new apparatus in a plant for generating electrical or mechanical power.
  • FIG 1 presents a Scheme of a state of the art of a thermokinetic compressor.
  • a compressor 130 has wall contour 131 and a waist 132 in the middle, which is adjustable for startup.
  • In the inlet part of the thermokinetic compressor 130 there is inside the channel a spray nozzle ring 133, which contour is designed to be a Laval Nozzle for air flow.
  • There is an evaporating spray field 136 whereby cooling water is sprayed in from outside. The spray nozzles are not shown in figure 1.
  • thermokinetic compressor is implemented in an arrangement of a power plant with at least one expansion turbine, described epecially in the older, not published patent application of the applicant, File No. PCT/RU2008/... (Internal File No. 2008P02693WO) and the title "Method and plant for gener- ating mechanical or electrical power from waste heat and apparatus for a power plant". Reference to this application is made .
  • Figure 2 presents a new thermokinetic compressor 140 using cold gas to extract heat instead of water spraying into the waste gas.
  • the compressor 140 has wall contour 141 like contour 131 of figure 1 and a waist 142 in the middle, which is adjustable for startup and formed like figure 1, and also a diffuser part 145. But in the first part the contour 143 (Laval Nozzle) is to accelerate the waste heat gas flow.
  • Laval Nozzle 150 with a special contour to accelerate a cold gas flow.
  • the cold gas is prefer- able cold air, which could be taken from environment.
  • the inlet of the cold gas there can be an annular ring or one or several pipes at the circumference. In case of pipes they can be connected in axial direction or partially in circumferential direction. By this a swirl created inside the thermokinetic compressor 140 is possible.
  • the waste gas in the inlet part has a high temperature T.
  • Figure 3 shows additional devices at the inlet of the cold gas.
  • This can be an assisting compressor or an adjustable throttle 155 or a valve.
  • a compressor or a valve is possible.
  • the operation of the compressor, throttle or valve can be different for start-up and for normal operation.
  • Figure 4 and 5 represent the concept of engineering realisation of new thermokinetic compressor.
  • Figure 4 shows the state of art, whereby figure 5 using an additional cold gas for injection into the waste gas. This could be from environ- ment .
  • the thermoki- netic compressor 130 and 140 respectively has a Geometrical Acceleration zone (GA) , a Thermal Acceleration zone (ThA) and a Geometrical Deceleration zone.
  • GA Geometrical Acceleration zone
  • ThA Thermal Acceleration zone
  • Deceleration zone a Geometrical Deceleration zone.
  • the velocity of the hot waste gas is subsonic, e.g. the Mach-Number is M ⁇ 1.
  • the Mach-Number is M ⁇ 1.
  • geometrical acceleration which is formed by the wall contour and an obstacle to be a Laval nozzle.
  • the obstacle at the same time holds the water spray nozzles.
  • the obstacle 160 could be annular formed.
  • the velocity of the hot waste gas is subsonic, e.g. the Mach-Number is M ⁇ 1.
  • the Mach-Number is M ⁇ 1.
  • the obstacle 170 could be annular formed.
  • Figure 6 shows an example for a combination of water spray nozzles with a cold gas injection.
  • six inven- tion points are use over the circumference 141 of the ther- mokinetic compressor 140 of figure 5.
  • At three injection points - signed W - water is sprayed in and at three other injection points - signed A - cold gas is in- jected, especially air of the environment.
  • thermokinetic compressor The relation of cold gas injection to water injection can be varied whereby water spraying can be avoided at all. So a dry thermokinetic compressor could be created.
  • thermokinetic compressor 30 with a diffuser 35, whereby in principle the thermokinetic compressor 30 could be situated upstream or downstream to the expansion turbine 20.
  • FIG. 7 presents the new principle scheme of thermokinetic compressor implementation with a different arrangement of components:
  • the thermokinetic compressor 30 is arranged ad- ventageously downstream to the expansion turbine 20. This scheme allows further increase of power output and essen- tially reduces the length of the device. If the thermokinetic compressor 30 is placed to the expansion turbine 20 as shon in figure 7 the temperature T at the inlet of the thermokinetic compressor 30 will be higher and the pressure ratio can potentially be increased through an in- crease of evaporated water mass flow rate Gw up to 20 % from total mass flow rate GO of the power plant. A total flow G with increased mass flow rate
  • G GO + Gw and an increased total pressure p enters the extension tur- bine 20 raising its power, potentially by 100 %, compared with the case of the state of the art.
  • the diffuser 35 which is part of the thermokinetic compressor 30, can be omitted in special cases, what is described elsewhere below.
  • a diffuser 35 with a length L for pressure regain, whereby the length L is dependant of the geometry, e.g. diameter, open angle, etc.
  • the diffuser 35 can be a long part, for example in the range of meters .
  • the length L of the diffuser 35 can be varied in a wide range, for example shortened or even cancelled. If the diffuser 35 has a length L and an inner diameter D3 at its beginning, the length L of the diffuser 35 could be shortened in dependence to the diameter D3 at the basis part in respect to the relation

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

Un appareil pour générer de l'énergie mécanique ou électrique à partir de chaleur résiduelle avec au moins une turbine de détente (10) et un compresseur thermocinétique (130) à la suite de la turbine de détente (10) avec une extraction de chaleur à de l'eau évaporée est connu. L'invention consiste en un nouveau compresseur thermocinétique (140) qui a au moins une entrée supplémentaire (150) qui forme une buse de Laval pour un gaz froid. Par l'accélération et le mélange du gaz froid à l'air résiduel dans des conditions d'écoulement supersonique, le gaz résiduel est refroidi et un effet de récupération de pression totale à partir de la température totale est fourni.
PCT/RU2008/000157 2008-03-19 2008-03-19 Appareil destiné à être utilisé dans une centrale pour générer de l'énergie électrique ou mécanique à partir de chaleur résiduelle et utilisation d'un tel appareil Ceased WO2009116889A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/RU2008/000157 WO2009116889A1 (fr) 2008-03-19 2008-03-19 Appareil destiné à être utilisé dans une centrale pour générer de l'énergie électrique ou mécanique à partir de chaleur résiduelle et utilisation d'un tel appareil

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/RU2008/000157 WO2009116889A1 (fr) 2008-03-19 2008-03-19 Appareil destiné à être utilisé dans une centrale pour générer de l'énergie électrique ou mécanique à partir de chaleur résiduelle et utilisation d'un tel appareil

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009116889A1 true WO2009116889A1 (fr) 2009-09-24

Family

ID=40626714

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/RU2008/000157 Ceased WO2009116889A1 (fr) 2008-03-19 2008-03-19 Appareil destiné à être utilisé dans une centrale pour générer de l'énergie électrique ou mécanique à partir de chaleur résiduelle et utilisation d'un tel appareil

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2009116889A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3686867A (en) * 1971-03-08 1972-08-29 Francis R Hull Regenerative ranking cycle power plant
WO1996035050A1 (fr) * 1995-03-07 1996-11-07 Carolina Power & Light Company Procede et appareil permettant d'accroitre la capacite et l'efficacite de fonctionnement d'une turbine a combustion
WO2001061196A1 (fr) * 2000-02-16 2001-08-23 Joseph Haiun Compresseur thermocinetique
GB2418980A (en) * 2004-10-09 2006-04-12 Rolls Royce Plc A flow arrangement for a heat exchanger

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3686867A (en) * 1971-03-08 1972-08-29 Francis R Hull Regenerative ranking cycle power plant
WO1996035050A1 (fr) * 1995-03-07 1996-11-07 Carolina Power & Light Company Procede et appareil permettant d'accroitre la capacite et l'efficacite de fonctionnement d'une turbine a combustion
WO2001061196A1 (fr) * 2000-02-16 2001-08-23 Joseph Haiun Compresseur thermocinetique
GB2418980A (en) * 2004-10-09 2006-04-12 Rolls Royce Plc A flow arrangement for a heat exchanger

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