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WO2009113958A1 - Système et procédé de chauffage au moyen d’un capteur solaire - Google Patents

Système et procédé de chauffage au moyen d’un capteur solaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009113958A1
WO2009113958A1 PCT/SE2009/050259 SE2009050259W WO2009113958A1 WO 2009113958 A1 WO2009113958 A1 WO 2009113958A1 SE 2009050259 W SE2009050259 W SE 2009050259W WO 2009113958 A1 WO2009113958 A1 WO 2009113958A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
space
fan
temperature
solar collector
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/SE2009/050259
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2009113958A9 (fr
Inventor
Niclas Ericsson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2009113958A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009113958A1/fr
Publication of WO2009113958A9 publication Critical patent/WO2009113958A9/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D5/00—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems
    • F24D5/005—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems combined with solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
    • F24S50/40—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors responsive to temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0003—Exclusively-fluid systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0046—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/007—Ventilation with forced flow
    • F24F7/013—Ventilation with forced flow using wall or window fans, displacing air through the wall or window
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S40/00—Safety or protection arrangements of solar heat collectors; Preventing malfunction of solar heat collectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0046—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground
    • F24F2005/0064—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground using solar energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system for heating and cooling of an enclosed space comprising a solar collector adapted to use air as heat-carrying medium placed on the outside of said space, a ventilating pipe adapted to transport heated air from said solar collector to said space, as well as a fan adapted to, upon a heating of said space, generate an inward flow of heated air from said solar collector to said space.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for heating of an enclosed space by means of a solar collector.
  • the carrying medium for the heat can be a liquid or air where the medium is heated by the energy of the sun and then is transported into the space that is to be heated.
  • a high stagnation temperature brings about a shortened service life of the solar collector as high temperatures cause different kinds of fatigues or depletions of the different components that constitute the solar collector.
  • the present invention teaches that the system is adapted for a cooling down and simultaneously maintained ventilation of said space by the fan being adapted to generate an outward flow of air from the space to the solar collector, and that said outward air flow is adapted to cool down the solar collector and thereby decrease the stagnation temperature of the solar collector.
  • the present invention teaches that the same fan and ventilating pipe are used for inward as well as outward air flow, which affords a system that, in a cost-effective and construction-wise easy way, both can heat up the space and cool down the same, where said system furthermore affords a lower stagnation temperature of the solar collector.
  • the present invention also teaches that the system comprises a regulating device adapted to control the fan in such a way that it generates an inward flow during heating of the space, as well as an outward flow for a cooling down of the space.
  • Said regulating device can be realised in various ways.
  • an automatic regulating device may comprise a thermostat adapted to regulate the fan to assume one of three different states; a first state wherein the fan generates an inward air flow if the temperature in the space falls below a first temperature, a second state wherein the fan generates an outward air flow if the temperature in the space exceeds a second temperature, where the second temperature is higher than the first temperature, as well as a third state wherein the fan is inoperative and does not generate any air flow when the temperature is between the first and second temperature.
  • a manual regulating device may comprise a manual switch, whereby a user can set the switch in one of three different positions in order to regulate the fan to assume one of three different states; a first state wherein the fan generates an inward air flow, a second state wherein the fan generates an outward air flow, as well as a third state wherein the fan is inoperative and does not generate any air flow.
  • a regulating device can be adapted to afford an automatic regulation by a thermostat as well as a manual regulation by a manual switch.
  • the present invention teaches that the regulating device is adapted to regulate the fan into different directions of rotation, or into an inoperative state, depending on in which state the fan is.
  • the present invention teaches that the system comprises a valve adapted to maintain the balanced air pressure by letting air out of the space when the fan generates an inward air flow, and by letting air into the space when the fan generates an outward air flow.
  • the performance of the system can be improved by placing the solar collector to the south of the space where the exposure to sunlight is greatest, and by placing the valve to the north of the space where the exposure to sunlight is smallest.
  • An additional proposed efficiency-improving measure is that the ventilating pipe is placed in such a way that the inward air flow enters close to the floor level in the space, and that the valve is placed on the ceiling level of the space. Furthermore, the present invention suggests that the system comprises an electric solar cell, which is adapted to generate the requisite supply voltage for said fan.
  • the present invention teaches that the fan is a circular axial fan adapted for installation inside said ventilating pipe.
  • a system according to the invention is particularly developed to co-operate with a space that consists of a building, such as a residential block or an office block.
  • the advantages that foremost can be associated with a system or a method according to the present invention are that a cooling down of a space that usually is heated by a solar collector is allowed, that this can be effected with maintained ventilation of the space, and that the solar collector can be cooled down in order to lower the stagnation temperature of the solar collector.
  • a cooling down of a space that usually is heated by a solar collector is allowed, that this can be effected with maintained ventilation of the space, and that the solar collector can be cooled down in order to lower the stagnation temperature of the solar collector.
  • the present invention affords these advantages by the use of only one fan and only one ventilating pipe at the solar collector, in contrast to prior art that requires two fans and two ventilating pipe in order to accomplish cooling down of the space.
  • Figure 1 shows schematically and in a very simplified way a solar collector according to prior art
  • Figure 2 shows schematically and in a very simplified way a solar collector according to the present invention
  • Figure 3 shows schematically and in a very simplified way a first proposed regulating device for a fan of a solar collector
  • FIG 4 shows two different graphs that illustrate how a solar collector according to the invention can be regulated to heating or cooling
  • Figure 5 shows schematically and in a very simplified way a second proposed regulating device for a fan of a solar collector
  • Figure 6 shows a fan adapted to be used for a solar collector according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a known system for heating of a house A by means of a solar collector B using air as heat-carrying medium, as well as possible cooling down of the house A.
  • a first fan B1 is adapted to be able to generate an inward air flow C1 from the solar collector B through a first ventilating pipe B2 and into the house A. Said first fan is used when a heating of the house is desired.
  • a second fan B3 is adapted to be able to generate an air flow C2 that can be directed out of the house A or into the house A, in the figure illustrated as an air current C2 directed into the house, through a second ventilating pipe B4 with the purpose of cooling the house A when heating is not effected.
  • the first fan B1 When the second fan B3 is used, the first fan B1 is shut off and the heat generated by the solar collector B is not made use of, which entails that the temperature in the solar collector B increases, which brings about a high stagnation temperature of the solar collector.
  • the system 1 comprises a solar collector 11 adapted to use air as heat-carrying medium placed on the outside of the space 2.
  • a ventilating pipe 12 is adapted to transport heated air from the solar collector 11 to the space 2.
  • a fan 13 is adapted to, upon a heating of the space, generate an inward flow 31 of heated air from the solar collector 11 to the space 2.
  • the present invention teaches furthermore that the system is adapted for a cooling down and simultaneously maintained ventilation of the space, where the fan 13 is adapted to generate an outward flow 32 of air from the space 2 to the solar collector 11 , where the outward air flow 32 is adapted to cool down the solar collector 11 and thereby decrease the stagnation temperature of the solar collector 11.
  • the outward flow 32 is generated by the direction of rotation for the fan 13 being changed, and the present invention teaches that the system comprises a regulating device 14 for a regulation of the fan 13, where the regulating device 14 is adapted to control the fan 13 in such a way that it generates an inward flow 31 during heating of the space 2, as well as an outward flow 32 for a cooling down of the space 2.
  • FIG 3 and Figure 4 shows in a simplified way an example of a regulating device 14 that comprises a thermostat 15 adapted to regulate the fan 13 to assume one of three different states; a first state wherein the fan 13 generates an inward air flow 31 if the temperature T in the space 2 falls below a first temperature t1 , a second state wherein the fan 13 generates an outward air flow 32 if the temperature T in the space 2 exceeds a second temperature t2, where the second temperature t2 is higher than the first temperature t1 , as well as a third state wherein the fan 13 is inoperative and does not generate any air flow when the temperature T is between the first temperature t1 and the second temperature t2.
  • Figure 4a shows an example of a heating of the space 2 being effected, for instance during cold days in wintertime, early morning or late afternoon when the diurnal temperature is low but solar energy available and when a heating of the space 2 is desired.
  • the graph in Figure 4a shows that the temperature T varies over time, where an inward heating air flow is generated as long as the temperature T in the space 2 is below the first temperature t1 and where no heating is effected when the temperature T in the space 2 exceeds the first temperature t1.
  • Figure 4b shows an example of a cooling down of the space 2 being effected, for instance during the daytime when the diurnal temperature is high and a cooling down of the space 2 is desired.
  • the graph in Figure 4b shows that the temperature T varies over time, where an outward air flow is generated as long as the temperature T in the space 2 is above the second temperature t2 and where no cooling down is effected when the temperature T in the space 2 falls below the second temperature t2.
  • the present invention also teaches that a regulating device 14 may comprise a manual switch 16, shown in a simplified way in Figure 5.
  • the manual switch 16 can, by operation of a user, be set to one of three different positions in order to regulate the fan 13 to assume one of three different states; a first state wherein the fan 13 generates an inward air flow 31 , a second state wherein the fan 13 generates an outward air flow 32, as well as a third state wherein the fan 13 is inoperative and does not generate any air flow.
  • a regulating device 14 can be adapted to afford an automatic regulation by a thermostat 15 as well as a manual regulation by a manual switch 16.
  • the regulating device 14 is adapted to regulate the fan 13 into different directions of rotation, or into an inoperative state, depending on in which state the fan 13 is.
  • the space 2 comprises a valve 17, schematically illustrated in Figure 2.
  • Said valve 17 is adapted to maintain a balanced air- pressure in the space 2 by letting air out of the space 2 when the fan 13 generates an inward air flow 31 , and by letting air into the space 2 when the fan 13 generates an outward air flow 31.
  • the present invention teaches that the solar collector 1 1 is placed to the south of the space 2, where the sun provides most energy to the solar collector 11.
  • the present invention also teaches that the valve 17 is placed to the north of the space
  • the present invention teaches that the ventilating pipe 12 is placed in such a way that the inward air flow 31 enters close to the floor level in the space 2 so as to let in warm air on the floor level where the air in the space 2 is coldest, and that the valve 17 is placed on the ceiling level of the space 2 so as to let in fresh air from outside to the space 2 up at the ceiling where the air is warmest.
  • the system 1 also comprises an electric solar cell 18, schematically shown in Figure 2, which is adapted to generate the requisite supply voltage for the fan 13. In the figure, it is shown that the supply voltage is supplied to the fan 13 via the regulating device 14.
  • the solar cell 18 is placed on the outside of the space and can be located in connection with the solar collector 11 but may also be placed entirely separately from the solar collector.
  • a fan is used having a fan housing that has a quadrangular cross-section that is mounted between the solar collector 11 and the ventilating pipe 12.
  • Figure 6 shows a fan 13 that is a circular axial fan adapted for installation inside the ventilating pipe 12. This entails that the fan 13 and the ventilating pipe 12 can be handled as a unit and is easily mounted as a part of a solar collector system.
  • the system 1 according to the invention may be applied in many different kinds of spaces and is not limited to be used for a certain kind of spaces.
  • the space 2 is a building, such as a residential block or an office block.
  • the invention may naturally also be used for leisure houses that may be empty during a major part of the year, or firewood storages, boathouses, garages, basements, etc., where it is desired to have a simple, inexpensive and operationally reliable ventilation and heating of the space.
  • the invention also relates to a method for heating of an enclosed space, which method will be described in more detail, again with reference to Figure 2, where a solar collector 1 1 , adapted to use air as heat-carrying medium, is placed on the outside of the space 2, where a ventilating pipe 12 transports heated air from the solar collector 11 to the space 2, as well as where a fan 13, upon a heating of the space 2, generates an inward flow 31 of heated air from the solar collector 11 to the space 2, According to a method according to the invention, there are obtained a cooling down and simultaneously maintained ventilation of the space 2 by the fan 13 generating an outward flow of air 32 from the space 2 to the solar collector 11 , and that the outward air flow 32 also cools down the solar collector 11 and thereby decreases the stagnation temperature of the solar collector 1 1.
  • a regulating device 14, for a regulation of the fan 13, controls the fan 13 in such a way that it generates an inward flow 31 during heating of the space 2, as well as an outward flow 32 for a cooling down of the space 2.
  • the regulating device 14 comprises a thermostat 15, the thermostat 15 regulates the fan 13 to assume one of three states; a first state wherein the fan 13 generates an inward air flow if the temperature T in the space 2 falls below a first temperature t1 , a second state wherein the fan 13 generates an outward air flow if the temperature T in the space 2 exceeds a second temperature t2, where the second temperature t2 is higher than the first temperature t1 , as well as a third state wherein the fan 13 is inoperative and does not generate any air flow when the temperature T is between the first temperature t1 and the second temperature t2.
  • the regulating device 14 comprises a manual switch 16, it is possible for a user to set the switch 16 in one of three different positions in order to regulate the fan 13 to assume one of three different states; a first state wherein the fan 13 generates an inward air flow 31 , a second state wherein the fan 13 generates an outward air flow 32, as well as a third state wherein the fan 13 is inoperative and does not generate any air flow. It is also possible to let the regulating device 14 afford an automatic regulation by a thermostat 15 as well as a manual regulation by a manual switch 16.
  • the present invention teaches that the regulating device 14 regulates the fan 13 into different directions of rotation, or into an inoperative state, depending on in which state the fan 13 is.
  • a valve 17 in the space 2 allows maintaining a balanced air-pressure in the space 2 by letting air out of the space 2 when the fan 13 generates an inward air flow 31 , and by letting air into the space 2 when the fan 13 generates an outward air flow 32.
  • the present invention teaches that an electric solar cell 18 generates the requisite supply voltage for the fan 13.
  • the present invention teaches that, with the purpose of optimizing the external conditions for the method according to the invention, the heating of the solar collector 11 may be effected to the south of the space 2, which side is exposed to most hours of sunshine, and the letting in and out of air through the valve 17 can be effected to the north of the space 2, which side is coolest.
  • the present invention also teaches that it is possible to let the inward air flow 31 enter close to the floor level in the space 2, and that letting in and out of air through the valve 17 is effected on the ceiling level of the space 2.
  • the method according to the invention can be used for a ventilation and heating of many different kinds of spaces and it is well suited for spaces that are a building, such as a residential block or an office block.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système (1) ou un procédé de chauffage d’un espace clos (2) comprenant un capteur solaire (11), conçu pour utiliser l’air comme agent caloporteur, placé à l’extérieur de l’espace (2), ainsi qu’un ventilateur (13) conçu, lors du chauffage de l’espace (2), pour produire un flux intérieur (31) d’air chauffé provenant du capteur solaire (11) jusqu’à l’espace (2). Selon la présente invention, le système (1) est conçu pour un refroidissement et une ventilation simultanés de l’espace (2), le ventilateur (13) est conçu pour produire un flux d’air dirigé vers l'extérieur (32) et provenant de l’espace (2) jusqu’au capteur solaire (11), et le flux d’air extérieur (32) est destiné à refroidir le capteur solaire (11) et réduire ainsi la température stagnante du capteur solaire (11).
PCT/SE2009/050259 2008-03-13 2009-03-12 Système et procédé de chauffage au moyen d’un capteur solaire Ceased WO2009113958A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0800592A SE0800592L (sv) 2008-03-13 2008-03-13 System och metod för uppvärmning med solfångare
SE0800592-8 2008-03-13

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009113958A1 true WO2009113958A1 (fr) 2009-09-17
WO2009113958A9 WO2009113958A9 (fr) 2010-05-14

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE2009/050259 Ceased WO2009113958A1 (fr) 2008-03-13 2009-03-12 Système et procédé de chauffage au moyen d’un capteur solaire

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SE (1) SE0800592L (fr)
WO (1) WO2009113958A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101825323A (zh) * 2010-05-24 2010-09-08 西安工程大学 利用太阳能驱动的两级蒸发式冷气机
JP2014142148A (ja) * 2013-01-25 2014-08-07 Misawa Homes Co Ltd 建物の空調構造

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4446850A (en) * 1982-09-17 1984-05-08 Zilisch Kenneth P Solar panel with storage
AT379887B (de) * 1980-07-09 1986-03-10 Plankenauer Gerhard Anordnung zum belueften und erwaermen von raeumen
DE19510200A1 (de) * 1995-03-21 1996-09-26 Volker Prof Dingeldein Anordnung zur Konditionierung von Räumen in Gebäuden
WO2003048655A1 (fr) * 2001-12-01 2003-06-12 Christensen Hans Joergen Panneau solaire pour le chauffage d'air de ventilation
FR2869401A1 (fr) * 2004-04-23 2005-10-28 Solaria Systems Sarl Dispositif de climatisation utilisant l'energie solaire pour le chauffage ou le refroissement d'un espace clos

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT379887B (de) * 1980-07-09 1986-03-10 Plankenauer Gerhard Anordnung zum belueften und erwaermen von raeumen
US4446850A (en) * 1982-09-17 1984-05-08 Zilisch Kenneth P Solar panel with storage
DE19510200A1 (de) * 1995-03-21 1996-09-26 Volker Prof Dingeldein Anordnung zur Konditionierung von Räumen in Gebäuden
WO2003048655A1 (fr) * 2001-12-01 2003-06-12 Christensen Hans Joergen Panneau solaire pour le chauffage d'air de ventilation
FR2869401A1 (fr) * 2004-04-23 2005-10-28 Solaria Systems Sarl Dispositif de climatisation utilisant l'energie solaire pour le chauffage ou le refroissement d'un espace clos

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101825323A (zh) * 2010-05-24 2010-09-08 西安工程大学 利用太阳能驱动的两级蒸发式冷气机
CN101825323B (zh) * 2010-05-24 2012-10-10 西安工程大学 利用太阳能驱动的两级蒸发式冷气机
JP2014142148A (ja) * 2013-01-25 2014-08-07 Misawa Homes Co Ltd 建物の空調構造

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE0800592L (sv) 2009-09-14
WO2009113958A9 (fr) 2010-05-14

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