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WO2009152496A1 - Installations solaires hybrides - Google Patents

Installations solaires hybrides Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009152496A1
WO2009152496A1 PCT/US2009/047346 US2009047346W WO2009152496A1 WO 2009152496 A1 WO2009152496 A1 WO 2009152496A1 US 2009047346 W US2009047346 W US 2009047346W WO 2009152496 A1 WO2009152496 A1 WO 2009152496A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
energy
solar
steam
geothermal
power plant
Prior art date
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2009/047346
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English (en)
Inventor
Roger Ferguson
Kenneth Bryden
Steven Corns
Luke Shors
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2009152496A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009152496A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/16—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type

Definitions

  • the invention relates generally to power plants and, more specifically, to hybrid power facilities combining solar or geothermal power generation facilities.
  • This patent addresses benefits that can be achieved by using the higher operating temperature available in solar power plants with a lower energy source such as geothermal or lower energy solar facilities.
  • a lower energy source such as geothermal or lower energy solar facilities.
  • the work that has been published to date can be grouped into two categories: 1) methods for using fossil fuels to add energy to steam produced from renewable energy streams, and 2) combined cycles using gas turbine units and renewable energy power plants. Other designs falling in the general area of superheating steam produced from renewable sources are described below.
  • a design by Moore [1995] was patented that uses the thermal energy from a solar central receiver to heat molten salt. This salt is then passed through a furnace, where it is heated with either the exhaust of a gas turbine unit or by fossil fuel fired burners. This salt is then used to generate superheated steam to drive a steam turbine generator. While this design does incorporate central receiver technology, it differs from our design in that the fossil fuel adds heat to the working fluid.
  • the invention consists of a hybrid power plant that combines a variety of renewable heat sources to produce superheated steam. Saturated steam is generated by a lower energy renewable source, and then superheat is added to the steam by the working fluid of a solar facility.
  • These lower energy renewable sources would include geothermal and low energy solar sources, such as parabolic trough thermal solar systems.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid geothermal-central receiver power plant.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid parabolic trough-central receiver power plant.
  • the present invention relates to a hybrid power plant that combines a variety of renewable heat sources to increase the capacity and efficiency from stand alone plants. Saturated steam is generated by the lower energy renewable sources and then superheat would be added to the steam by the working fluid of the higher temperature renewable energy facility. These renewable sources include geothermal and thermal solar energy sources. A brief discussion of how these energy sources are utilized will be helpful when considering how to combine these energy sources with other existing methods.
  • Dry steam systems operate by extracting underground steam and routing it through a steam turbine to generate electricity. The steam is then condensed and pumped back into the Earth through reinjection wells.
  • This method requires the least amount of capital equipment, but also requires a geothermal source of steam, requiring a high concentration of geothermal energy.
  • Most accessible sources of geothermal energy are lower energy sites (most hydrothermal and essentially all hot dry rock) that provide heated water rather than steam.
  • To produce electrical energy from these sources requires that steam be produced through another mechanism.
  • the hot working fluid is passed into a lower pressure flash chamber, where the decreased pressure causes some of the hot water to flash to steam.
  • This steam can then be used to drive a turbine, as in the dry steam system.
  • Another method is to transfer the heat of the working fluid into a secondary fluid in a binary system. This type of system uses the hot geothermal fluid to boil a second working fluid that is then used to produce electricity. Using a closed system for the vapor power system makes it possible to use a working fluid with a lower flash point. This makes it possible to generate pressurized steam at much lower temperatures than if water were used.
  • Two of the main issues associated with geothermal power are the low operating temperature and the chemistry of the working fluids. The operating temperature for geothermal plants is dictated by the temperature of the rock formations that are providing the thermal energy.
  • the hydrothermal plants rely on pre-existing steam flows to provide this energy, and so there is no investment necessary to supply the working fluid. Because of this, the steam temperature is limited to what occurs in nature, with a typical value of about 400 0 F, although some sources give values as high as 600 0 F. While there are many more locations where hot dry rock geothermal energy could be produced, these locations are limited by current technology' s ability to penetrate the Earth's crust and to maintain clear and usable geothermal wells. These limitations prevent reliable access to thermal reservoirs buried deep in the Earth, making 35O 0 F a typical expected temperature from this resource.
  • Central receiver systems collect solar energy by using a field of heliostats to concentrate the energy on a tower placed in the center of the heliostat field. This concentration of energy is used to heat a molten salt in the tower, which is then circulated through a heat exchanger to boil a working fluid to drive a Rankine cycle. Typical values for these central receivers can be as high as HOO 0 F, yielding steam temperatures as high as 1050 0 F. However, no central receiver system has been constructed that has more than 15MW of capacity.
  • Parabolic trough systems collect solar energy by reflecting and concentrating the sunlight on a pipe running through the centerline of the parabolic solar collectors. This concentrated sunlight heats oil that is being pumped through the pipe to a temperature as high as 735 0 F. This oil can then be used in a heat exchanger to boil water and add superheat to the steam produced.
  • thermal solar energy systems can achieve temperatures sufficient to drive high efficiency energy cycles, size limitations constrain the amount of energy that can be gathered at one site.
  • Central receiver systems have been able to achieve steam temperatures comparable to those found in some smaller coal-fired power plants, but require a large footprint to produce a relatively small amount of energy.
  • the heat transfer fluids used in these systems molten salt, thermal oils, etc.
  • molten salt, thermal oils, etc. are either solids or very thick liquids at normal atmospheric temperatures. To keep these fluids in a usable state during shutdown periods or large transients requires an addition of heat, usually from fossil fuel powered sources.
  • This patent combines a geothermal power plant with a higher energy solar power plant.
  • Our example here is a central receiver power plant (Fig. 1), although any solar facility operating at a higher temperature than the geothermal source would apply.
  • Steam is generated from any of the three types of geothermal sources; direct steam, flash steam or a boiler for binary geothermal systems.
  • the steam produced by these methods is saturated steam, mainly due to the low thermal energy levels found in geothermal sources.
  • This saturated steam is then passed through a heat exchanger where the steam is superheated by heat transferred by the working fluid of the solar system.
  • the superheated steam is then passed through the turbine train.
  • the steam could then be released to atmosphere or allowed to condense to supply water for any local needs. For hot, dry rock systems the steam would be condensed in the condenser and then pumped back into the earth to absorb more energy.
  • This design uses the energy from the geothermal source to boil the water and the energy from the solar system to add superheat to the steam. This takes advantage of the higher operating temperature of the solar plant to superheat the steam, making it possible to use a superheated steam turbine train. By using a turbine train designed for higher temperature steam, a higher efficiency can be achieved. It also makes it possible to use the more constant geothermal heat source to maintain sufficient heat for the solar system's working fluid during shutdown periods, making less fossil fuel necessary for the task.
  • This patent combines two forms of solar energy to create a larger supply of superheated steam.
  • Our example (Fig. 2) shows a central receiver solar plant with a parabolic trough solar plant, although any combination of relatively lower and higher energy solar facilities would be applicable.
  • solar energy is collected in the parabolic trough field and directed to a heat exchanger, where the secondary working fluid is boiled to produce steam.
  • This steam is then passed through another heat exchanger where the heat energy from the central receiver working fluid is used to superheat the steam.
  • the superheated steam is then passed through the turbine train, condensed in the condenser and enters the feed pumps. The feed pumps then move the fluid back to the heat exchanger.
  • This design uses the energy from the lower energy system to boil the water and possibly add some superheat, with the remaining superheat added by a higher energy solar system. This takes advantage of the higher operating temperature to superheat the steam, making it possible to use a higher temperature steam turbine train. By using a turbine train designed for higher temperature steam, a higher efficiency can be achieved.
  • Central receiver facilities are typically small scale ( ⁇ 15MW). By combining this technology with other, larger facilities (the SEGS parabolic trough power plant is rated at about 100MW), the central receivers may become more economically viable, and lowering the cost per kW-hr.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une installation électrique hybride dans laquelle une première installation électrique produit une vapeur secondaire à une première température relativement basse à l’aide d’une source d'énergie renouvelable, telle que l'énergie géothermique ou solaire. La vapeur de la source renouvelable traverse une centrale solaire ayant une température de fonctionnement supérieure à la première température entraînant une surchauffe de la vapeur à la première température à une température supérieure dans la centrale. On obtient des rendements élevés.
PCT/US2009/047346 2008-06-13 2009-06-15 Installations solaires hybrides Ceased WO2009152496A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US6118908P 2008-06-13 2008-06-13
US61/061,189 2008-06-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009152496A1 true WO2009152496A1 (fr) 2009-12-17

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2009/047346 Ceased WO2009152496A1 (fr) 2008-06-13 2009-06-15 Installations solaires hybrides
PCT/US2009/047343 Ceased WO2009152494A1 (fr) 2008-06-13 2009-06-15 Installations électriques hybrides

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2009/047343 Ceased WO2009152494A1 (fr) 2008-06-13 2009-06-15 Installations électriques hybrides

Country Status (1)

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WO (2) WO2009152496A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9389002B2 (en) 2010-09-30 2016-07-12 Dow Global Technologies Llc Process for producing superheated steam from a concentrating solar power plant

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103291567A (zh) * 2012-02-29 2013-09-11 深圳市阳能科技有限公司 一种太阳能生物质串联互补发电系统
CN103939306B (zh) * 2014-04-11 2017-10-10 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 一种两回路式太阳能热发电系统
CN110307130B (zh) * 2019-07-01 2021-03-09 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 地热能和太阳能复合利用系统及方法
CN111536491B (zh) * 2020-04-24 2025-08-26 中国电力工程顾问集团中南电力设计院有限公司 火力发电厂熔盐储能放热系统

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060137349A1 (en) * 2004-12-23 2006-06-29 Tassilo Pflanz Power plant system for utilizing the heat energy of geothermal reservoirs
WO2007104080A1 (fr) * 2006-03-15 2007-09-20 Solar Heat And Power Pty Ltd Centrale thermique incorporant un refroidissement souterrain du fluide de refroidissement du condenseur

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3950949A (en) * 1974-03-26 1976-04-20 Energy Technology Incorporated Method of converting low-grade heat energy to useful mechanical power
US5311741A (en) * 1992-10-09 1994-05-17 Blaize Louis J Hybrid electric power generation
US5727379A (en) * 1996-05-31 1998-03-17 Electric Power Research Institute Hybid solar and fuel fired electrical generating system

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060137349A1 (en) * 2004-12-23 2006-06-29 Tassilo Pflanz Power plant system for utilizing the heat energy of geothermal reservoirs
WO2007104080A1 (fr) * 2006-03-15 2007-09-20 Solar Heat And Power Pty Ltd Centrale thermique incorporant un refroidissement souterrain du fluide de refroidissement du condenseur

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9389002B2 (en) 2010-09-30 2016-07-12 Dow Global Technologies Llc Process for producing superheated steam from a concentrating solar power plant

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WO2009152494A1 (fr) 2009-12-17

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