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WO2009146665A1 - 检测和控制钢水中的熔渣的装置和方法 - Google Patents

检测和控制钢水中的熔渣的装置和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009146665A1
WO2009146665A1 PCT/CN2009/072728 CN2009072728W WO2009146665A1 WO 2009146665 A1 WO2009146665 A1 WO 2009146665A1 CN 2009072728 W CN2009072728 W CN 2009072728W WO 2009146665 A1 WO2009146665 A1 WO 2009146665A1
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Prior art keywords
slag
molten steel
information
package
brightness
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PCT/CN2009/072728
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English (en)
French (fr)
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田志恒
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Priority to EP09757099A priority Critical patent/EP2316594A1/en
Publication of WO2009146665A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009146665A1/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
    • B22D11/181—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D2/00—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass
    • B22D2/001—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass for the slag appearance in a molten metal stream
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D2/00—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass
    • B22D2/003—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass for the level of the molten metal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a slag detection and control technology, in particular to a device for detecting and controlling slag flowing from a large package through a long nozzle to a molten steel in a medium package, and a detection and control flow from the large package through the long nozzle to the middle
  • a slag detection and control technology in particular to a device for detecting and controlling slag flowing from a large package through a long nozzle to a molten steel in a medium package, and a detection and control flow from the large package through the long nozzle to the middle
  • the more common detection technologies are electromagnetic method and vibration method.
  • the first disadvantage of the electromagnetic method is that the electromagnetic sensor is installed in a high temperature area around the upper nozzle of the large bag. The electromagnetic sensor is subjected to a high temperature baking life, and once the sensor is damaged, it needs to be replaced when the large bag is repaired (the cycle is usually one week).
  • the second disadvantage of the electromagnetic method is that the installation of the sensor requires the modification of the large-seat brick and the reference plate, and the modification work is relatively large. These two shortcomings affect the widespread promotion of electromagnetic slag technology.
  • the first disadvantage of the vibration method is that the vibration source of the continuous casting site is seriously disturbed.
  • the vibration slag equipment Even if the adjustment of the large package skateboard is restricted during the slag inspection and the start of many electromechanical equipment, the vibration slag equipment will also have a false alarm in advance, which will make the large Excessive amount of steel after the package seriously affects the utilization rate of the steel in the big package;
  • the second disadvantage of the vibration method is that the difference between the vibration signal caused by the molten steel and the slag-containing steel in the vibration sensor is not significant and the alarm is leaked, so that the inside of the package is The slag layer is too thick, which affects the purity of the water in the steel.
  • the present invention provides an apparatus for detecting and controlling slag flowing from a large package through a long nozzle to a molten steel in a medium package and detecting and controlling from the large package through the long nozzle
  • the method of flowing slag into the molten steel in the middle package is intended to provide a melting and detecting device for detecting and controlling the flow of the large package to the middle package, which is easy to install and has a long service life without being disturbed by environmental disturbances. Slag device and method.
  • An apparatus for detecting slag in molten steel includes: a sensor for acquiring one or more topographical information of a surface of a molten steel coating in a middle package and transmitting the topographical information to a signal processor; And a signal processor, configured to determine whether slag is present according to the topographical information, and send a slag warning signal in the case where it is determined that slag is present, and stop the molten steel and the slag from flowing into the middle package through the long nozzle. control signal.
  • the molten steel and the molten slag flow into the middle package from the large bag through the long nozzle, and the density of the molten slag is smaller than the density of the molten steel.
  • the sensor may be an ordinary optical imaging device or an infrared sensitive imaging device.
  • the topographical information includes at least one of the following information: height information of a partial surface of the molten steel cover layer near the long nozzle in the middle package and brightness information of a partial surface of the molten steel cover layer near the long nozzle in the middle package .
  • the signal processor is configured to emit a brightness alarm signal if the brightness information exceeds a predetermined value of the brightness.
  • the signal processor is used to issue a height alarm signal if the altitude information exceeds a predetermined height value.
  • the sensor detects the height information by measuring the change in the position of the boundary line between the long nozzle and the surface of the molten steel cover in the middle pack.
  • a method for detecting slag in molten steel includes the following steps: Step 1: Obtaining more than one topographical information of a surface of a molten steel coating in a middle package; Step 2, determining whether there is slag according to the shape information; and step 3, issuing a slag alarm signal in the case where it is determined that slag is present, and stopping the molten steel and slag from flowing into the package through the long nozzle Control signal.
  • the molten steel and the molten slag flow into the middle package from the large bag through the long nozzle, and the density of the molten slag is smaller than the density of the molten steel.
  • the topographical information includes at least one of the following information: height information of a partial surface of the molten steel cover layer near the long nozzle in the middle package and brightness information of a partial surface of the molten steel cover layer near the long nozzle in the middle package .
  • a brightness alarm signal is issued if the brightness information exceeds a predetermined value of brightness.
  • a height alarm signal is issued if the height information exceeds a predetermined height value.
  • the height information can be detected by measuring the change in the position of the boundary line between the surface of the molten steel in the long nozzle and the middle package.
  • an apparatus and method for detecting and controlling slag flowing from a large package to a middle package which is easy to install and has a long service life without being disturbed by environmental disturbances.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a slag device for detecting and controlling molten steel flowing from a large package through a long nozzle to a middle package according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram for detecting and controlling from a large bag through a long nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a specific application of a device for detecting and controlling slag flowing from a large package through a long nozzle to a molten steel in a package according to an embodiment of the present invention. Mode for carrying out the invention
  • the slag alarm signal and the control signal for driving the sliding mechanism to close the large water inlet are issued.
  • the slag flowing into the middle package of the large package is detected by using two physical quantities of height and brightness, and the sensors having long life and easy installation are detected by the sensors far away from the high temperature area,
  • the signal processor separately processes and issues an independent alarm signal based on the results of the respective processing. These two methods complement each other to increase the alarm rate. Since the specific gravity of the slag is only 1/3 of that of molten steel, the slag flowing from the large bag into the middle of the bag will float upward near the long water inlet of the large bag, so that the surface of the water-clad layer of the steel-clad steel is locally raised first.
  • the increase of the local surface height and the enhancement of the brightness of the water-clad layer of the steel-clad steel layer caused by the slag floating under the large bag can be observed by an ordinary camera device.
  • the brightness of the slag relative to the molten steel is more significant in the infrared band, and the infrared sensitive imaging device can improve the resolution of the large bag slag detecting device.
  • the water-clad layer of the slag is formed by a molten water ring around the long nozzle, which is caused by the shaking of the long nozzle.
  • ⁇ is the slag flowing in the molten steel of the large package to the middle of the package, which is floated by the buoyancy of the molten steel and breaks through the breakthrough of the water-clad layer of the molten steel, so that the molten ring raft and its vicinity rise first and then break through the partial surface of the cover layer to make the brightness Sudden increase.
  • Figure 1 is a block diagram of an apparatus for detecting and controlling slag flowing into a molten steel from a large package through a shroud in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG.
  • an apparatus for detecting and controlling slag flowing from a large package through a long nozzle into a medium-clad steel water includes: a sensor 102 for acquiring a molten steel cover layer in the middle package More than one topographical information of the surface and transmitting the topographical information to the signal processor 104; and a signal processor 104 for determining whether slag is present according to the topographical information and determining that slag is present In the case of the alarm signal and stop the molten steel and slag through the long nozzle from the big bag into the control signal.
  • the molten steel and molten slag flow into the middle package from the large bag through the long nozzle, and the density of the molten slag is smaller than the density of the molten steel.
  • the sensor 102 may be a general optical imaging device or an imaging device sensitive to infrared rays.
  • the topographical information includes at least one of the following information: height information of a partial surface of the molten steel cover layer near the long nozzle in the middle package and brightness information of a partial surface of the molten steel cover layer near the long nozzle in the middle package .
  • the signal processor 104 emits a brightness alarm signal if the brightness information exceeds a predetermined value of brightness.
  • the signal processor 104 issues a height alert signal if the altitude information exceeds a predetermined height value.
  • the sensor detects the height information by measuring the change in the position of the boundary line between the long nozzle and the surface of the molten steel cover in the middle pack.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for detecting and controlling slag flowing from a large package through a long nozzle into a molten steel in a package according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the slag for detecting and controlling the molten steel flowing from the large bag through the long nozzle into the middle package according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
  • Step S202 acquiring more than one shape information of the surface of the molten steel cover layer in the middle package
  • Step S204 determining whether slag is present according to the topography information; and step S206, issuing an alarm signal in the case where it is determined that slag is present, and stopping the control signal that the molten steel and slag flow from the large package into the middle package through the long nozzle.
  • molten steel and molten slag flow into the middle package from the large bag through the long nozzle, and the density of the molten slag is smaller than the density of the molten steel.
  • the topographical information includes at least one of the following information: height information of a partial surface of the molten steel cover layer near the long nozzle in the middle package and brightness information of a partial surface of the molten steel cover layer near the long nozzle in the middle package .
  • step S206 a brightness alarm signal is issued if the brightness information exceeds the brightness predetermined value.
  • step S206 a height alarm signal is issued if the height information exceeds a predetermined height value.
  • step S202 the height information can be detected by measuring the change in the position of the boundary line between the long nozzle and the surface of the molten steel coating in the middle pack.
  • a device for detecting the occurrence of slag in the process of flowing molten steel in a large package through a long nozzle to a middle package including sensor and signal processing for observing the surface of the water cladding layer of the steel.
  • the sensor detects the partial surface height of the water-clad layer of the steel-clad steel near the long nozzle extending from the large package into the water in the steel
  • the signal processor separately processes the height and brightness signals and respectively issues a height alarm signal and a brightness alarm signal for marking the slag and a control signal for driving the slider mechanism to close the large package.
  • the sensor for observing the surface of the water cladding layer of the steel can be a general optical imaging device.
  • the sensor for observing the surface of the water cladding layer of the steel can also be an infrared sensitive imaging device.
  • the senor that can observe the surface of the water-clad layer of the medium-clad steel is used to measure the rise height of the local surface of the water-covered layer of the medium-clad steel by measuring the change of the position of the boundary line between the long water inlet and the water-covered layer of the medium-clad steel.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing a concrete application of a device for detecting molten slag in molten steel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the molten steel 4 in the large bag 3 appears from the bottom of the large bag 3 through the long nozzle 6 to the molten steel 9 of the middle bag 7 in the process of detecting the slag.
  • the slag-containing molten steel flows into the medium-packed molten steel.
  • the molten slag will float upward by the buoyancy force, causing the local surface of the water-clad cover layer 8 near the long nozzle 6 to rise, eventually breaking through the partial surface of the cover layer 8 to enhance the surface brightness. .
  • the camera (sensor) 1 observes the surface of the molten steel cover 8 near the long nozzle 6 and the long nozzle 6 near the cover 8, and the signal processor 2 processes the observed signals of the camera 1 to give lengths respectively.
  • the increase in the local surface height and brightness of the water-clad layer in the vicinity of the nozzle 6 and the high-rise alarm signal and the brightness increase alarm signal and the control signal for driving the large-pack skateboard mechanism 5 to close the large package nozzle are issued in time.
  • the shaking of the shroud 6 causes the water-clad steel layer 8 of the tundish to form a molten ring around the shroud 6.
  • the molten ring raft becomes the breakthrough point of the slag floating up and rushing out of the water-clad steel cover layer 8, so that the ring raft and its vicinity rise first and then brighten and A large area of red slag appears near the ring.
  • the molten enthalpy and the slag and molten steel mixture floating up to the partial surface of the cover layer 8 are brighter and the long nozzle 6 is darker, and the boundary line between the long nozzle 6 and the ring ⁇ is easily distinguishable.
  • the elevation angle ⁇ 10 of the boundary line P observed by the camera 1 will increase.
  • the camera 1 observes the change in the elevation angle ⁇ 10 to determine the rising height of the partial surface of the molten steel cover layer 8, and at the same time measures the degree of localized surface enhancement of the cover layer.
  • the signal processor 2 respectively issues an alarm signal according to the degree of height increase and the degree of brightness highlighting, and a control signal for driving the large pack slide mechanism 5 to close the large water supply port.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)

Description

检测和控制钢水中的熔渣的装置和方法
技术领域
本发明涉及熔渣检测和控制技术， 具体涉及一种检测和控制从大包 经长水口流至中包的钢水中的熔渣的装置以及一种检测和控制从大包 经长水口流至中包的钢水中的熔渣的方法。 发明背景
在连铸冶炼过程中， 在钢水从大包流出的末期将有熔渣随钢水流到 中包。 为了保证中包钢水的纯净度， 需要对大包流至中包的熔渣进行检 测和控制。 目前较通用的检测技术有电磁法和振动法。 电磁法的第一个 缺点是电磁传感器安装在大包上水口周围的高温区， 电磁传感器受高温 烘烤寿命较短， 而且传感器一旦损坏， 需要等到大包中修时（周期通常 为一周）更换， 影响检测设备的连续运行； 电磁法的第二个缺点是安装 传感器需要对大包座砖和基准板改装， 而改装的工作量比较大。 这两个 缺点影响电磁测渣技术的广泛推广。 振动法的第一个缺点是连铸现场的 振动源干扰严重， 即使在检渣期间限制大包滑板的调节以及众多机电设 备的启动， 振动测渣设备还会出现提前误报警， 这将使大包余钢量过多 而严重影响大包钢水的利用率； 振动法的第二个缺点是钢水和含渣钢水 在振动传感器中引起的振动信号差别不太显著而漏报警， 使中包内的渣 层过厚， 影响中包钢水的纯净度。 这些缺点导致电磁法和振动法发出的 下渣报警信号只是提示操作人员手动终止大包中的含渣钢水向中包的 转移， 而手动操作相对下渣报警信号的延迟又增加了从大包流入中包的 熔渣量。 发明内容 鉴于以上所述的一个或多个问题，本发明提出了一种检测和控制从 大包经长水口流至中包的钢水中的熔渣的装置以及检测和控制从大包 经长水口流至中包的钢水中的熔渣的方法， 旨在提供一种既便于安装， 且使用寿命长， 又不会受到环境干扰提前误报警的用于检测和控制大包 流至中包的熔渣的装置和方法。
根据本发明一个方面的用于检测钢水中的熔渣的装置包括： 传感 器， 用于获取中包中的钢水覆盖层表面的一种以上的形貌信息并将形貌 信息发送给信号处理机； 以及信号处理机， 用于根据形貌信息来确定是 否有熔渣出现， 并在确定有熔渣出现的情况下发出下渣 警信号以及停 止钢水和熔渣经由长水口从大包流入中包的控制信号。 其中， 钢水和熔 渣经由长水口从大包流入中包， 熔渣的密度小于钢水的密度。
其中， 传感器可以是普通光学摄像器件， 也可以是对红外线敏感的 摄像器件。
其中， 形貌信息包括以下信息中的至少一种信息： 中包中在长水口 附近的钢水覆盖层的局部表面的高度信息以及中包中在长水口附近的 钢水覆盖层的局部表面的亮度信息。
其中，信号处理机用于在亮度信息超过亮度预定值的情况下发出亮 度报警信号。 信号处理机用于在高度信息超过高度预定值的情况下发出 高度报警信号。
传感器通过测定长水口与中包中的钢水覆盖层表面的交界线位置 的变化来检测高度信息。
根据本发明另一个方面的用于检测钢水中的熔渣的方法包括以下 步骤： 步骤一， 获取中包中的钢水覆盖层表面的一种以上的形貌信息； 步骤二， 根据形貌信息来确定是否有熔渣出现； 以及 步骤三， 在确定有熔渣出现的情况下发出下渣^¾警信号以及停止钢 水和熔渣经由长水口从大包流入中包的控制信号。 其中， 钢水和熔渣经 由长水口从大包流入中包， 熔渣的密度小于钢水的密度。
其中， 形貌信息包括以下信息中的至少一种信息： 中包中在长水口 附近的钢水覆盖层的局部表面的高度信息以及中包中在长水口附近的 钢水覆盖层的局部表面的亮度信息。 在步骤三中， 在亮度信息超过亮度 预定值的情况下发出亮度报警信号。 在步骤三中， 在高度信息超过高度 预定值的情况下发出高度报警信号。
其中， 在步骤一中， 可以通过测定长水口与中包中的钢水覆盖层表 面的交界线位置的变化来检测高度信息。
通过本发明， 提供了既便于安装， 且使用寿命长， 又不会受到环境 干扰提前误报警的用于检测和控制从大包流至中包的熔渣的装置和方 法。 附图简要说明 此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解， 构成本 申请的一部分，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明， 并不构成对本发明的不当限定。 在附图中：
图 1是根据本发明实施例的用于检测和控制从大包经长水口 流至中包的钢水中的熔渣装置的框图；
图 2是根据本发明实施例的用于检测和控制从大包经长水口
¾ 至中包的钢水中的熔渣的方法的¾ 程图； 以及
图 3是根据本发明实施例的用于检测和控制从大包经长水口 流至中包的钢水中的熔渣的装置具体应用的示意图。 实施本发明的方式
为使本发明的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚明白， 以下举具体实 施例并参照附图， 对本发明作进一步详细说明。
在本发明的一个实施例中， 用传感器测定大包伸入到中包钢 水中的长水口附近中包钢水覆盖层局部表面高度的升高和亮度的 加强， 信号处理机对传感器信号进行处理， 并 4艮据中包钢水覆盖 层局部表面升高和亮度加强的程度发出下渣报警信号以及用于驱 动滑板机构关闭大包水口的控制信号。
在本发明的一个实施例中， 利用高度和亮度这两个物理量对 大包流入中包的熔渣进行检测， 远离高温区因而寿命长且便于安 装的传感器对这两个物理量的信号进行检测， 由信号处理机分别 处理， 根据分别处理的结果发出独立的报警信号。 这两种方法相 互补充提高报警率。 由于熔渣的比重仅是钢水的 1/3 , 从大包流入 中包的熔渣将会在大包长水口附近向上浮动， 使中包钢水覆盖层 表面先局部升高， 该升高值远大于大包钢水流入中包的冲击力引 起的中包钢水覆盖层的波动，可及时地发出可靠的下渣报警信号； 进而火红的熔渣突破中包钢水覆盖层表面而突然加强亮度， 并及 时地发出可靠的下渣报警信号。 下渣引起的中包钢水覆盖层表面 的升高比表面的加亮提前约 0.6 秒检测到。 在发出下渣报警信号 的同时发出驱动滑板机构关闭大包水口的控制信号。 高度报警信 号的高可靠性和亮度报警信号的高可靠性以及两种方法互相补充 的高报警率， 是用报警信号控制滑板机构关闭大包水口的技术基 础。
大包下渣上浮引起的中包钢水覆盖层局部表面高度的上升和 亮度的加强可用普通摄像器件观测。 熔渣相对钢水的亮度在红外波段更显著， 应用对红外敏感的 摄像器件可提高大包下渣检测装置的分辨能力。
在应用测渣技术减少下渣量而使中包钢水覆盖层较薄的情况 下， 受长水口颤动的作用， 中包钢水覆盖层在长水口周围形成熔 融发亮的环圏， 这个环圏是大包流至中包的钢水中的熔渣受钢水 浮力作用上浮并冲破中包钢水覆盖层的突破口， 使熔融的环圏及 其附近先升高继而突破覆盖层局部表面而使亮度突增。
图 1是根据本发明实施例的用于检测和控制从大包经长水口 流入中包的钢水中的熔渣的装置的框图。 如图 1所示， 才艮据本发 明实施例， 用于检测和控制从大包经长水口流入中包钢水中的熔 渣的装置包括： 传感器 102, 用于获取中包中的钢水覆盖层表面 的一种以上的形貌信息并将形貌信息发送给信号处理机 104; 以 及信号处理机 104, 用于才艮据形貌信息来确定是否有熔渣出现， 并在确定有熔渣出现的情况下发出报警信号以及停止钢水和熔渣 经由长水口从大包流入中包的控制信号。 其中， 钢水和熔渣经由 长水口从大包流入中包， 熔渣的密度小于钢水的密度。
其中， 传感器 102可以是普通光学摄像器件， 也可以是对红 外线敏感的摄像器件。
其中， 形貌信息包括以下信息中的至少一种信息： 中包中在 长水口附近的钢水覆盖层的局部表面的高度信息以及中包中在长 水口附近的钢水覆盖层的局部表面的亮度信息。
其中， 信号处理机 104在亮度信息超过亮度预定值的情况下 发出亮度报警信号。
信号处理机 104在高度信息超过高度预定值的情况下发出高 度报警信号。 传感器通过测定长水口与中包中的钢水覆盖层表面的交界线 位置的变化来检测高度信息。
图 2是根据本发明实施例的用于检测和控制从大包经长水口 流入中包的钢水中的熔渣的方法的流程图。 如图 2所示， 根据本 发明实施例的用于检测和控制从大包经长水口流入中包的钢水中 的熔渣包括以下步骤：
步骤 S202, 获取中包中的钢水覆盖层表面的一种以上的形貌 信息；
步骤 S204, 根据形貌信息来确定是否有熔渣出现； 以及 步骤 S206 , 在确定有熔渣出现的情况下发出报警信号以及停 止钢水和熔渣经由长水口从大包流入中包的控制信号。
其中， 钢水和熔渣经由长水口从大包流入中包， 熔渣的密度 小于钢水的密度。
其中， 形貌信息包括以下信息中的至少一种信息： 中包中在 长水口附近的钢水覆盖层的局部表面的高度信息以及中包中在长 水口附近的钢水覆盖层的局部表面的亮度信息。
在步骤 S206中，在亮度信息超过亮度预定值的情况下发出亮 度报警信号。 在步骤 S206中， 在高度信息超过高度预定值的情况 下发出高度报警信号。
其中，在步骤 S202中， 可以通过测定长水口与中包中的钢水 覆盖层表面的交界线位置的变化来检测高度信息。
在本发明的一个实施例中， 提出了一种在大包中的钢水经长 水口流至中包的过程中检测熔渣出现的装置， 包括观测中包钢水 覆盖层表面的传感器和信号处理机， 其中， 传感器检测从大包伸 入到中包钢水中的长水口附近中包钢水覆盖层局部表面高度的上 升及亮度的加强， 信号处理机分别处理高度及亮度信号并分别发 出标志下渣的高度报警信号和亮度报警信号以及驱动滑板机构关 闭大包水口的控制信号。 观测中包钢水覆盖层表面的传感器可以 是普通光学摄像器件。 观测中包钢水覆盖层表面的传感器也可以 是对红外敏感的摄像器件。
其中， 可以观测中包钢水覆盖层表面的传感器通过测定长水 口与中包钢水覆盖层表面交界线位置的变化来检测中包钢水覆盖 层局部表面的上升高度。
图 3是根据本发明实施例的用于检测钢水中的熔渣的装置具 体应用的示意图。 如图 3所示， 大包 3中的钢水 4从大包 3底部 经长水口 6流至中包 7的钢水 9中的过程中出现熔渣的检测装置 系统图。 含熔渣的钢水流至中包的钢水 9中熔渣受浮力作用将向 上浮动， 引起长水口 6附近中包钢水覆盖层 8局部表面上升， 最 终突破覆盖层 8局部表面而使表面亮度加强。 摄像器（传感器） 1 对长水口 6附近中包钢水覆盖层 8表面及接近覆盖层 8的长水口 6处进行观测， 信号处理机 2对摄像器 1的观测信号进行处理， 分别给出长水口 6附近中包钢水覆盖层局部表面高度和亮度的增 加值并及时发出高度升高报警信号及亮度增加报警信号以及驱动 大包滑板机构 5关闭大包水口的控制信号。
长水口 6颤动导致中包钢水覆盖层 8围绕长水口 6形成熔融 的环圏。 当进入中包钢水 9的熔渣向上浮动时， 熔融的环圏就成 了熔渣上浮并冲出中包钢水覆盖层 8的突破口， 使环圏及其附近 先上浮继而增亮并在环圏附近出现较大面积红亮的熔渣。 熔融的 环圏和上浮至覆盖层 8局部表面的熔渣和钢水混合液较亮而长水 口 6较暗， 长水口 6与环圏的交界线图 3中的 P容易分辨。 当长 水口 6附近中包钢水覆盖层 8局部表面升高时， 摄像器 1观测的 交界线 P的仰角 α 10将加大。摄像器 1观测仰角 α 10的变化来测 定钢水覆盖层 8局部表面的上升高度， 同时测定覆盖层局部表面 增亮的程度。 信号处理机 2根据高度升高的程度和亮度加亮的程 度分别发出报警信号以及驱动大包滑板机构 5关闭大包水口的控 制信号。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已， 并不用以限制本发明， 凡 在本发明的精神和原则之内所做的任何修改、 等同替换和改进等， 均应 包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种用于检测并控制钢水中的熔渣的装置， 其中， 所述钢水和 所述熔渣经由长水口从大包流入中包， 所述熔渣的密度小于所述钢水的 密度， 其特征在于， 包括：
传感器， 用于获取所述中包中的钢水覆盖层表面的一种以上的形貌 信息并将所述形貌信息发送给信号处理机； 以及
所述信号处理机， 用于根据所述形貌信息来确定是否有所述熔渣出 现， 并在确定有所述熔渣出现的情况下发出下渣"¾警信号以及停止所述 钢水和所述熔渣经由所述长水口从所述大包流入所述中包的控制信号。
2、 根据权利要求 1 所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述传感器为普通 光学摄像器件。
3、 根据权利要求 1 所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述传感器为对红 外线敏感的摄像器件。
4、 根据权利要求 1 所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述形貌信息包括 以下信息中的至少一种信息： 所述中包中在所述长水口附近的钢水覆盖 层的局部表面的高度信息以及所述中包中在所述长水口附近的钢水覆 盖层的局部表面的亮度信息。
5、根据权利要求 4所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述信号处理机还用 于在所述亮度信息超过亮度预定值的情况下发出亮度报警信号。
6、 根据权利要求 4或 5所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述信号处理 机还用于在所述高度信息超过高度预定值的情况下发出高度报警信号。
7、 根据权利要求 4所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述传感器通过测 定所述长水口与所述中包中的钢水覆盖层表面的交界线位置的变化来 检测所述高度信息。
8、 一种用于检测并控制钢水中的熔渣的方法， 其中， 所述钢水和 所述熔渣经由长水口从大包流入中包， 所述熔渣的密度小于所述钢水的 密度， 其特征在于， 包括以下步骤：
获取所述中包中的钢水覆盖层表面的一种以上的形貌信息； 根据所述形貌信息来确定是否有所述熔渣出现；
在确定有所述熔渣出现的情况下发出下渣报警信号以及停止所述 钢水和所述熔渣经由所述长水口从所述大包流入所述中包的控制信号。
9、 根据权利要求 8 所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述形貌信息包括 以下信息中的至少一种信息： 所述中包中在所述长水口附近的钢水覆盖 层的局部表面的高度信息以及所述中包中在所述长水口附近的钢水覆 盖层的局部表面的亮度信息。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的方法， 其特征在于， 在所述亮度信息超 过亮度预定值的情况下发出亮度报警信号。
11、 根据权利要求 9或 10所述的方法， 其特征在于， 在所述高度 信息超过高度预定值的情况下发出高度报警信号。
12、 根据权利要求 9或 10或 11所述的方法， 其特征在于， 在通过 测定所述长水口与所述中包中的钢水覆盖层表面的交界线位置的变化 来检测所述高度信息。
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