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WO2009140330A1 - Système de transfert d’échantillon de surface - Google Patents

Système de transfert d’échantillon de surface Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009140330A1
WO2009140330A1 PCT/US2009/043704 US2009043704W WO2009140330A1 WO 2009140330 A1 WO2009140330 A1 WO 2009140330A1 US 2009043704 W US2009043704 W US 2009043704W WO 2009140330 A1 WO2009140330 A1 WO 2009140330A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
swab
sample
funnel
instrument
sample accumulation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2009/043704
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Richard R. Thomas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Innovative Biosensors Inc
Original Assignee
Innovative Biosensors Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Innovative Biosensors Inc filed Critical Innovative Biosensors Inc
Publication of WO2009140330A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009140330A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N2001/028—Sampling from a surface, swabbing, vaporising

Definitions

  • the apparatus include a sample accumulation funnel with a mouth portion that accepts a swab.
  • the interior of the mouth portion may optionally have one or more projections.
  • the sample accumulation funnel may be attached to an instrument with a bioaerosol detector by an adaptor or may be designed to attached directly to a bioaerosol detector.
  • the apparatus for the collection and analysis of particulate biological samples also optionally include means for directing gas to flow through the sample accumulation funnel. Also disclosed herein are methods for introducing a sample into an instrument.
  • the methods include collecting a sample on a swab, positioning the swab inside a sample accumulation funnel, and directing a gas to flow through the sample accumulation funnel.
  • the swab optionally has a head and a shaft
  • the sample accumulation funnel has a mouth portion with an interior optionally having one or more projections into which the swab head is accepted. Gas flow through the sample accumulation funnel directs the sample into the instrument.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a sample accumulation funnel.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the sample accumulation funnel shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view of an adaptor for connecting a sample accumulation funnel to an instrument.
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the adaptor shown in Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a sample accumulation funnel positioned within an adaptor.
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the sample accumulation funnel positioned within an adaptor shown in Fig. 5.
  • Fig. 7 is a cross sectional view of an adaptor acting as an interface to an instrument.
  • Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a sample accumulation funnel positioned within an adaptor that is acting as an interface to an instrument. Like reference symbols in the various drawings indicate like elements.
  • the apparatus include a sample accumulation funnel optionally containing one or more projections.
  • the funnel is capable of accepting a swab used to collect a particulate biological sample.
  • An adaptor is optionally used to connect the sample accumulation funnel to an instrument with a bioaerosol detector.
  • the apparatus for the collection and analysis of particulate biological samples optionally include means for directing gas to flow through the sample accumulation funnel.
  • the sample accumulation funnel has a swab-accepting mouth portion with an interior including one or more projections.
  • the swab is optionally moved within the sample accumulation funnel such that the swab contacts the projections.
  • the gas flow through the sample accumulation funnel creates an aerosol of any particulate matter on the swab.
  • the swab of the current invention comprises a device that can be used to collect material from a surface and then be placed into the mouth portion of the current invention.
  • a swab of the current invention can be, but isn't limited to, a sponge, a pad, a brush, a wipe, a tape, or a liquid-containing wipe, each optionally attached to shaft.
  • the swab of the current invention is made of a material that allows for the collection of material from a surface and release of the material into the detection instrument upon placement of the swab in the mouth portion.
  • Such materials can be, but aren't limited to, polymers, foams, fabrics, adhesives, or papers.
  • the sample accumulation funnel of the current invention comprises a mouth portion and a stem portion.
  • the mouth portion can be of any shape or construction that allows for a swab to be tested by the instrument.
  • the mouth portion can be, but isn't limited to, a funnel, a screen, an enclosure, or a surface.
  • the mouth portion can be optionally substituted with devices that improve the aerolization of particulate matter contained within the swab.
  • Such devices can include, but are not limited to, projections, heating or cooling devices, or liquid or air-dispensing devices.
  • Projections include, but are not limited to, ridges, prongs, bristles, threads, plates, hooks, scales, or knobs.
  • the stem portion of the accumulation funnel can be of any shape or construction that allows for entry of the aerolized particulates into the instrument. Further, the stem portion can be designed to directly connectable to the instrument or can be attached by an optional adaptor.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 show a sample accumulation funnel 10 for use with the current apparatus and methods.
  • the sample accumulation funnel 10 includes a mouth portion 20 and a stem portion 30.
  • the mouth portion 20 is generally frusto-conical with the base of the frustum forming the mouth opening 40 and the small end of the frustum 50 connected to the stem portion 30.
  • the stem portion 30 is generally cylindrical with an opening end 70.
  • the interior of the mouth portion 20 of the sample accumulation funnel 10 includes one or more projections 60.
  • the projections 50 shown in Figs. 1 and 2 are ridges that run from the mouth opening 40 to the small end of the frustum 50. Such ridges optionally run from the mouth opening 40 to the opening end 70 of the stem portion 30.
  • the one or more projections 60 are optionally ridges as shown or other shapes projecting from the interior surface of the mouth opening 40, such as, for example, rounded bumps or discontinuous ridges. Further, combinations of different shapes are optionally used as projections 60. Generally, and without being intended to be bound by theory, the choice of the shape or shapes used for the one or more projections 60 is related to the efficiency with which a sample both is dislodged from a swab and transferred through the sample accumulation funnel 10.
  • the sample accumulation funnel 10 is formed from any one of various materials including, for example, metal or plastic.
  • the shape of the stem portion 30 of the sample accumulation funnel 10 is designed to be connectable or attachable to an adaptor 100. Such an adaptor 100 is shown in Figs. 3 and 4.
  • the adaptor 100 includes a sleeve portion 110 including an outer opening 120 for receiving the stem portion 30 of the sample accumulation funnel 10 into the sleeve portion 110.
  • the sleeve portion 110 extends longitudinally from the outer opening 120 to an inner opening 130.
  • a flange portion 140 extends radially outwardly from the outer opening 120.
  • the adaptor 100 is formed from any one of various materials including, for example, metal or plastic.
  • the shapes of the sleeve portion 110 of the adaptor 100 and the stem portion 30 of the sample accumulation funnel 10 are designed relative to each other such that the sleeve portion 110 of the adaptor 100 will accept the stem portion 30 of the sample accumulation funnel 10.
  • the sleeve portion 110 of the adaptor 100 and the stem portion 30 of the sample accumulation funnel 10 are optionally designed such that the stem portion 30 of the sample accumulation funnel 10 forms a full or partial seal against the inner wall 150 of the sleeve portion 110, the full or partial seal preventing or retarding gas exchange between the stem portion 30 and the inner wall 150 of the sleeve portion 110. As shown in Figs.
  • the sleeve portion 110 is optionally tapered toward the inner opening 130 of the adaptor 100 such that the opening end 70 of the sample accumulation funnel 10 contacts the inner wall 150 of the sleeve portion 110.
  • the sleeve portion 110 of the adaptor 100 could also be adapted to receive an o-ring, such as by forming a counter-sunk channel around the inner wall 150 of the sleeve portion 110; in which case, the stem portion 30 of the sample accumulation funnel 10 is optionally seated against the o-ring to form a seal.
  • the sample accumulation funnel 10 is optionally connected or attached to the adaptor 100 through these sealing configurations or through other structural means or retaining the sample accumulation funnel 10 within the adaptor 100, such as, for example, by a compression fitting, by a strap or hook, by a retaining ring, or by a detent.
  • the shape and configuration of the flange portion 140 of the adaptor 100 is optionally adapted to suit the configuration of a particular instrument to which the adaptor 100 is attached to receive the sample accumulation funnel 10.
  • the flange portion 140 is, for example, a radial extension outward from the outer opening 120 of the adaptor 100.
  • an adaptor 100 interfaces with an instrument housing 160, for example, by overlapping with the flange portion 140.
  • the interface of an adaptor, such as adaptor 100, with an instrument housing forms a full or partial seal that prevents or retards gas exchange between the interior of the instrument housing and the exterior of the instrument housing.
  • the length of the sleeve portion 110 of the adaptor 100 and similarly the length of the stem portion 30 of the sample accumulation funnel 10 is optionally adjusted to suit a particular instrument design.
  • the adaptor 100 is connected or attached to an instrument housing by structural means, such as, for example, by a compression fitting, by a strap or hook, by a retaining ring, by a detent, or by other fastener such as screws.
  • An adaptor is optionally permanently attached to or integrally formed into the housing of an instrument such that the adaptor is not removable. Such a permanently attached or integrated adaptor retains the same attributes of the adaptor described herein. Further included in the apparatus for the collection and analysis of particulate biological samples are means to direct gas to flow through the sample accumulation funnel 10.
  • Directing gas to flow through the sample accumulation funnel 10 is accomplished, for example, by creating a pressure differential between the mouth opening 40 and the opening end 70 of the sample accumulation funnel 10. Specifically, a lower pressure at the opening end 70 of the sample accumulation funnel 10 than at the mouth opening 40 of the sample accumulation funnel 10 forces ambient gas in the vicinity of the mouth opening 40 to flow from the mouth opening 40 toward the opening end 70 of the sample accumulation funnel 10. If the pressure is substantially equal at both ends of the sample accumulation funnel 10, directing gas to flow from the mouth opening 40 to the opening end 70 is accomplished, for example, by either raising the pressure at the mouth opening 40 (pushing) or lowering the pressure at the opening end 70 (pulling).
  • one way to direct gas to flow from the mouth opening 40 to the opening end 70 of the sample accumulation funnel 10 is to create a vacuum within an instrument.
  • the term vacuum is intended to indicate a first region in which the ambient pressure is lower than the ambient pressure of a second region to which the first region is being compared such that gas will flow from the first region to the second region if a flow path is available.
  • a vacuum within an instrument is intended to mean the ambient pressure within the instrument is lower than the ambient pressure outside the instrument.
  • Means for creating a vacuum within an instrument housing are well known to those of skill in the art and include devices such as positive displacement pumps.
  • a bioaerosol detector is a detector capable of detecting either a specific biological agent or multiple agents present in an aerosol form.
  • An instrument with a bioaerosol detector is an instrument that provides an environment in which a bioaerosol detector functions as intended.
  • a bioaerosol detector may use a variety of methods of detecting biological agents, including, but not limited to, bioluminescence, fluorescence, electrochemical, mass spectroscopy, ionization, chromatography, or biomolecular or cell-based detection methods.
  • Biomolecular or cell-based detection methods include, but are not limited to, protein microarrays, or antibody-based, bacteria- based, or eukaryotic cell-based systems.
  • An example of a bioaerosol detector is a self- contained biosensor containing surface-bound pathogen-specific antibodies, e.g., membrane -bound pathogen-specific antibodies, and calcium sensitive bioluminescent molecules. Recognition of minute amounts of a specific pathogen by the surface-bound antibodies creates elevated levels of intracellular calcium. The elevated levels of calcium cause the calcium sensitive bioluminescent molecules to luminesce. Such luminescence, which is a direct indication of the presence of the pathogen being monitored, is then detected and optionally quantified by a light meter, such as a luminometer.
  • bioaerosol detector An example of this type of bioaerosol detector is described in U.S. Patent Nos. 6,087,114, and 6,248,542, and 7,214,346, which are incorporated herein in their entirety at least for the detector and methods or making and using it.
  • pathogens that could be detected with the appropriate antibody include B. anthracis, ricin toxin, botulinum toxin, Y. pestis, small pox virus, F. tularensis,, Brucella, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, stachybotrys, mycotoxins, and VEE.
  • Antibodies to these toxins can be generated for a specific application using known techniques or obtained from commercial or government sources such as the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA) or from the U.S. Army Joint Program Executive Office for Chemical and Biological Defense (Department of the Army; Falls Church, VA).
  • a bioaerosol detector is placed onto a surface 200, such as a slide or a disk, and the surface 200 is oriented within the path of a bioaerosol.
  • Fig. 8 shows an adaptor 100 interfacing with an instrument housing 160 and further containing a sample accumulation funnel 10. Shown under this assembly and within the instrument housing 160 in Fig. 8 is a surface 200 onto which a bioaerosol detector 210 has been placed. In Fig. 7, the surface is shown as being perpendicular to the bioaerosol path as shown by dashed lines 215 which indicate gas flow through the sample accumulation funnel 10. The orientation of the bioaerosol path 215 to the surface 200 is optionally other than perpendicular.
  • a swab such as a foam swab.
  • a swab will typically have a head portion, e.g., a foam head, for collecting a sample and a shaft, e.g., a wood or polymer shaft, for manually manipulating the head portion.
  • Samples for bioaerosol formation are typically dry, though a wet sample is optionally collected and dried prior to delivery to the sample accumulation funnel 10.
  • Different varieties of swabs are commercially available, such as, for example, Dacron swabs (Catalog No. 10065; Quicksilver Analytics, Inc.; Abingdon, MD).
  • a swab is designed to efficiently interface with the interior of the mouth portion 20 of the sample accumulation funnel 10, or, conversely, the shape of the mouth portion 20 of the sample accumulation funnel 10 could be designed to efficiently work with a particular swab shape.
  • multiple sample accumulation funnels 10 are optionally provided to interact with different swab shapes depending on the application or characteristics of the sample being analyzed. Also disclosed herein are methods for introducing a sample into an instrument and for creating aerosol samples. These methods include collecting a sample on a swab, positioning the swab inside a funnel, e.g., a sample accumulation funnel, and directing a gas to flow through the sample accumulation funnel.
  • a sample accumulation funnel 10 has a swab-accepting mouth portion 20 with an interior including one or more projections. Also as described above, the gas flow through the sample accumulation funnel 10 creates an aerosol of particulate matter on the swab.
  • Collecting a sample on a swab involves manipulating the head of a swab, such as that discussed above, to collect a sample of a material to be analyzed.
  • the head of the swab is swiped, rotated, rolled, scraped, mashed, dragged, or otherwise manipulated to contact an intended sample and to collect some of the sample onto the swab head.
  • the sample is dry or wet. If a sample is wet when acquired, the sample is dried on the swab prior to positioning the swab inside a sample accumulation funnel 10.
  • Positioning the swab inside the sample accumulation funnel 10 involves placing the head of the swab into the sample accumulation funnel 10.
  • the swab head is moved, swiped, rotated, rolled, scraped, mashed, dragged, or otherwise manipulated within the sample accumulation funnel 10 such that the surface of the swab head comes into contact with the interior surface of the mouth portion 20 of a sample accumulation funnel 10.
  • the swab head comes into contact with the interior surface of the mouth portion 20 it also comes into contact with one or more projections 60 extending from the interior surface of the mouth portion 20.
  • the swab head coming into contact with the interior surface of the mouth portion 20 and/or the projections 60 helps dislodge sample particles from the swab head for formation of a bioaerosol.
  • directing a gas to flow through the sample accumulation funnel 10 to direct the sample into the instrument involves creating a relative pressure differential between the mouth opening 40 and the opening end 70 of the sample accumulation funnel 10.
  • a gas is directed to flow through the sample accumulation funnel 10 an aerosol stream, i.e., a bioaerosol stream, containing the sample is created.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

L’invention concerne un appareil et des procédés pour la collecte et l’analyse d’un échantillon biologique particulaire. L’appareil comprend un entonnoir d’accumulation d’échantillon contenant une ou plusieurs projections. L’entonnoir d’accumulation d’échantillon peut accepter un aiguillon utilisé pour collecter un échantillon biologique particulaire. Un adaptateur est utilisé pour raccorder l’entonnoir d’accumulation d’échantillon à un instrument avec un détecteur de bioaérosol. Les procédés comprennent la collecte d’un échantillon sur un aiguillon, le positionnement de l’aiguillon à l’intérieur d’un entonnoir d’accumulation d’échantillon et la direction d’un gaz pour qu’il s’écoule à travers l’entonnoir d’accumulation d’échantillon. L’appareil comprend éventuellement des moyens pour diriger le gaz pour qu’il s’écoule à travers l’entonnoir d’accumulation d’échantillon. Le gaz qui s’écoule à travers l’entonnoir d’accumulation d’échantillon crée un aérosol de matière particulaire.
PCT/US2009/043704 2008-05-14 2009-05-13 Système de transfert d’échantillon de surface Ceased WO2009140330A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US5312808P 2008-05-14 2008-05-14
US61/053,128 2008-05-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009140330A1 true WO2009140330A1 (fr) 2009-11-19

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PCT/US2009/043704 Ceased WO2009140330A1 (fr) 2008-05-14 2009-05-13 Système de transfert d’échantillon de surface

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014124103A (ja) * 2012-12-25 2014-07-07 Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd 漏斗

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5658801A (en) * 1994-05-03 1997-08-19 Spectral Diagnostics Inc. Medical test kit
US5812378A (en) * 1994-06-07 1998-09-22 Tessera, Inc. Microelectronic connector for engaging bump leads
US6468330B1 (en) * 1999-06-14 2002-10-22 Innovatek, Inc. Mini-cyclone biocollector and concentrator
US6688187B1 (en) * 2002-09-10 2004-02-10 The Regents Of The University Of California Aerosol sampling system
US6777228B2 (en) * 1999-11-08 2004-08-17 Lockheed Martin Corporation System, method and apparatus for the rapid detection and analysis of airborne biological agents
US7096125B2 (en) * 2001-12-17 2006-08-22 Honeywell International Inc. Architectures of sensor networks for biological and chemical agent detection and identification
US20070039114A1 (en) * 2005-08-19 2007-02-22 Illinois Tool Works, Inc. Cleaning swab, integrated handle system and method of making same
US20070298515A1 (en) * 2003-12-15 2007-12-27 University Of Pennsylvania Method and Devices for Running Reactions on a Target Plate for Maldi Mass Spectrometry

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5658801A (en) * 1994-05-03 1997-08-19 Spectral Diagnostics Inc. Medical test kit
US5812378A (en) * 1994-06-07 1998-09-22 Tessera, Inc. Microelectronic connector for engaging bump leads
US6468330B1 (en) * 1999-06-14 2002-10-22 Innovatek, Inc. Mini-cyclone biocollector and concentrator
US6777228B2 (en) * 1999-11-08 2004-08-17 Lockheed Martin Corporation System, method and apparatus for the rapid detection and analysis of airborne biological agents
US7096125B2 (en) * 2001-12-17 2006-08-22 Honeywell International Inc. Architectures of sensor networks for biological and chemical agent detection and identification
US6688187B1 (en) * 2002-09-10 2004-02-10 The Regents Of The University Of California Aerosol sampling system
US20070298515A1 (en) * 2003-12-15 2007-12-27 University Of Pennsylvania Method and Devices for Running Reactions on a Target Plate for Maldi Mass Spectrometry
US20070039114A1 (en) * 2005-08-19 2007-02-22 Illinois Tool Works, Inc. Cleaning swab, integrated handle system and method of making same

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
SAPSFORD ET AL.: "Sensors for Detecting Biological Agents.", MATERIALSTODAY., vol. 11, no. 3, March 2008 (2008-03-01), pages 38 - 49 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014124103A (ja) * 2012-12-25 2014-07-07 Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd 漏斗

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