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WO2009038492A1 - Dispositif pour immuniser à distance des animaux et/ou leur administrer des préparations vétérinaires - Google Patents

Dispositif pour immuniser à distance des animaux et/ou leur administrer des préparations vétérinaires Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2009038492A1
WO2009038492A1 PCT/RU2007/000505 RU2007000505W WO2009038492A1 WO 2009038492 A1 WO2009038492 A1 WO 2009038492A1 RU 2007000505 W RU2007000505 W RU 2007000505W WO 2009038492 A1 WO2009038492 A1 WO 2009038492A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bullet
cavity
animals
vaccine
animal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/RU2007/000505
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Denisov
Ol'ga Aleksandrovna Karpova
Roman Vladimirovich Borovik
Mihail Nikolaevich Brynskih
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Federalnoe Gosudarstvennoe Uchrezhdenie Nauki 'nauchno-Issledovatelskii Tsentr Toksikologii I Gigienicheskoi Reglamentatsii Biopreparatov' Federalnogo Mediko-Biologicheskogo Agentstva Rf (fgun Nits Tb
Original Assignee
Federalnoe Gosudarstvennoe Uchrezhdenie Nauki 'nauchno-Issledovatelskii Tsentr Toksikologii I Gigienicheskoi Reglamentatsii Biopreparatov' Federalnogo Mediko-Biologicheskogo Agentstva Rf (fgun Nits Tb
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Federalnoe Gosudarstvennoe Uchrezhdenie Nauki 'nauchno-Issledovatelskii Tsentr Toksikologii I Gigienicheskoi Reglamentatsii Biopreparatov' Federalnogo Mediko-Biologicheskogo Agentstva Rf (fgun Nits Tb filed Critical Federalnoe Gosudarstvennoe Uchrezhdenie Nauki 'nauchno-Issledovatelskii Tsentr Toksikologii I Gigienicheskoi Reglamentatsii Biopreparatov' Federalnogo Mediko-Biologicheskogo Agentstva Rf (fgun Nits Tb
Priority to PCT/RU2007/000505 priority Critical patent/WO2009038492A1/fr
Publication of WO2009038492A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009038492A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/46—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances
    • F42B12/54—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances by implantation, e.g. hypodermic projectiles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61D—VETERINARY INSTRUMENTS, IMPLEMENTS, TOOLS, OR METHODS
    • A61D1/00—Surgical instruments for veterinary use
    • A61D1/02—Trocars or cannulas for teats; Vaccination appliances
    • A61D1/025—Vaccination appliances
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61D—VETERINARY INSTRUMENTS, IMPLEMENTS, TOOLS, OR METHODS
    • A61D7/00—Devices or methods for introducing solid, liquid, or gaseous remedies or other materials into or onto the bodies of animals

Definitions

  • a device for the remote delivery of vaccines and veterinary drugs is provided.
  • the invention relates to devices for the remote delivery of vaccines to animals, as well as pharmaceutical, prophylactic, immobilizing and other veterinary drugs.
  • top dressing and aerosol delivery does not allow you to control the output of the active substance, its exact dosage and delivery to a specific target animal.
  • use of these methods, as well as the use of darts and devices for trapping and fixing animals (for the introduction of implants), does not meet the requirement of minimizing the impact on the environment and on the behavior of natural herds of wild animals.
  • the most appropriate method for the remote delivery of vaccines and other veterinary drugs may be the method using bullets.
  • the human safety distance required for guaranteed vaccine delivery depends on the type of animal. For most wild animals, it is at least 60-80 meters, and for shy species of animals - deer, elk, roe deer, etc. - even more.
  • resorbable bioplugs of 0.25 (6.43 mm diameter) and 0.20 (5.08 mm) caliber are used for the delivery of biological and veterinary drugs to domestic and wild animals [1-4].
  • Such bio-bullets consist of an external absorbable container containing biological material in the form of a solid, semi-solid or liquid form.
  • the main components of the container which, when pressed under high pressure, become hard like plastic, are hydroxypropyl cellulose and calcium carbonate.
  • the container Upon entry into the animal and in contact with tissue fluids, the container dissolves and completely melts within 24 hours. Depending on the composition of the formulation, the vaccines or drugs placed in the cavity of the bullet have a different dissolution rate. Bullets capable of delivering 125-ZOOmg payloads are currently being manufactured.
  • Biopools are usually delivered using a gun, which requires compressed air to fire.
  • a significant drawback of such biopools is that the maximum range of their flight is an average of 25 m, which is completely insufficient for the safety of the personnel conducting the vaccination.
  • the storage of compressed air requires a special container, which is connected to the gun with a hose, and which must be transported with it, which is extremely inconvenient.
  • the disadvantages should also include possible difficulties when filling the tank with gas.
  • Known bullet (prototype) for immobilization (immobilization) of animals which is a hollow body, one end of which is open and the other is closed.
  • guides On the body of the above-mentioned body are guides, extending in mutually perpendicular directions along which the above-mentioned body deforms as a result of an impact on the animal.
  • a solid immobilizing substance and a means for compaction are placed, after which the open end is closed by a ballistic head.
  • the prototype bullet is made of lead, has a caliber of 5.6 mm and allows you to deliver a solid preparation at a distance of 60-80 m without causing significant injury to the animal).
  • the task in creating the proposed technical solution was to create a ballistic device (bullet) that allows, from a safe distance (at least 80 m), to deliver the necessary immunizing dose of the vaccine (at least 10 11 cells), while maintaining its viability, while ensuring minimal damage animal, as well as the rapid and complete release of the drug in animal tissue.
  • a ballistic device (bullet) that allows, from a safe distance (at least 80 m), to deliver the necessary immunizing dose of the vaccine (at least 10 11 cells), while maintaining its viability, while ensuring minimal damage animal, as well as the rapid and complete release of the drug in animal tissue.
  • a device which is a lead bullet of caliber 5.6 mm, inside which, without changing the external dimensions of the bullet, a cavity is created with a volume of 0.03-0.09 cm 3 , which serves as a container for live vaccine or veterinary drug.
  • a partition Below the cavity is closed by a partition, which ensures the preservation of the contents of the bullet and protects it from the effects of powder gases during firing.
  • the cavity from above is closed with a head made of non-toxic plastic material (for example, plasticine or paraffin), which does not allow the contents of the cavity to flow out and ensures straightforward flight of the bullet.
  • a non-toxic protective composition is applied on the inner surface of the cavity with a thin layer (0.01-0.02 mm), for example, food varnish, fluoropolymer varnish, (0.5% - 1% ) agar and others.
  • bullet caliber 5.6 mm factory-made (hereinafter: standard bullet caliber 5.6 mm).
  • Figure 1 presents the inventive bullet in longitudinal section.
  • the presented bullet consists of a housing 1, a cavity 2 for drug insertion, which has a partition at the bottom 3.
  • the open end of the cavity 2 is hermetically closed by a convex-shaped head 4, and the inner surface of the cavity is covered with a protective layer 5.
  • the partition 3 has a concave shape (may also have flat and cone-shaped).
  • a live vaccine or veterinary drug is placed in cavity 2, which can occupy the entire cavity or part of it, then the cavity is hermetically closed by the head 4.
  • the bullet is placed in the barrel of the cartridge case and is used to charge the gun under the 5.6 mm small caliber cartridge.
  • a single shot is fired at a target animal from a distance of 80-100 m.
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) the animal’s muscle tissue, the lead body of the bullet, which has thin walls, begins to deform (flatten or tear into small fragments), releasing the contents of the bullet into the surrounding muscle tissue.
  • the usual depth of penetration of a bullet into the muscle tissue of an animal when shooting from a distance of 80-100 m is 3-5.5 cm.
  • the bullet itself or its fragments remain in the tissues of the animal and do not disturb it.
  • the bullet wounds are small and heal within a few days.
  • the inventive bullet allows you to maintain the viability of the vaccine and deliver it in the optimal immunizing dose, which is achieved both by applying a non-toxic protective layer to the inner surface of the cavity, and by optimizing the wall thickness of the modified bullet, which is sufficient to protect against the effect of increased temperature on cell survival the vaccine strain in the pool when fired from a gun from different distances, while the size of the resulting cavity makes it possible to deliver the animal dose of vaccine.
  • Example 1 Preparing a bullet for use.
  • a cavity is made along the longitudinal axis of a standard 5.6 mm bullet using a 3.5 mm drill and an Einhell SB 1020/1 W drill press 42.507.85 with a low number of revolutions per minute (about 120 rpm).
  • clamps are used that prevent the bullet walls from expanding during hole drilling, i.e. increasing the bullet’s caliber.
  • the drill is lowered into the bullet to a depth of 8.5 mm, not reaching the base of the bullet, thus forming a cavity of volume 0, 082 cm 3 , closed from the bottom by a partition. The latter ensures the preservation and protection of the contents of the cavity from the effects of powder gases during firing.
  • the inner surface of the cavity formed is covered with food varnish EP-547 (composition (%): ethyl cellosolve - 95, ethyl alcohol - 5).
  • composition (%): ethyl cellosolve - 95, ethyl alcohol - 5 composition (%): ethyl cellosolve - 95, ethyl alcohol - 5).
  • the bullet cavity is filled to the top with varnish, then the bullet is turned over and left for 1 hour in air to remove the varnish and form a thin film.
  • the coating thickness is ⁇ 0.01 + 0.003 mm.
  • Example 2 Determination of cell viability of B. abortis 82 in modified bullets.
  • This vaccine strain is most often used in Russia and the CIS countries.
  • abortis 82 is grown on peptone-hepatic-glucose-glycerol agar for 48 hours at a temperature of 37 0 C.
  • Cells are washed with gelatin-sucrose medium (sucrose 10%, gelatin 1.5%), and the concentration is adjusted to ⁇ 1 x 10 12 CFU / ml.
  • Example 3 Determination of cell viability of B. abortis 19 in modified bullets.
  • This vaccine strain is most commonly used in the United States, North, Latin America and Europe.
  • coating the inner surface of the bullet cavity with a protective composition allows preserving the viability of the cells of vaccine strains of various origin inside the modified bullet.
  • the data obtained showed that a statistically significant difference between the number of living cells of B. abortis 82 in bullets after a shot and in bullets that did not undergo a shot was not found. Therefore, the shot itself, the movement of the bullet along the barrel of the gun and its flight through the air have a minimal effect on the survival of the cells of strain B. abortis 82 inside the inventive bullet.
  • Example 5 Determining the suitability of a modified bullet for the delivery of dry preparations
  • the bullet holes are rounded, which indicates the correct aerodynamic properties of the bullets.
  • Example 7 Determination of the depth of penetration of a bullet into animal tissue
  • Bullet channels have smooth edges and are clearly visible in the section.
  • Example 8 Analysis of the immune response of cattle to the delivery of live brucellosis vaccines
  • Heifers of cattle 13-15 months of age (weighing 160-180 kg) in the amount of 7 goals, before immunization are divided randomly selection into two groups.
  • the experimental group (4 animals) is vaccinated with a ballistic method using a modified bullet, the control group (3 animals) is injected.
  • 5 weeks after immunization all animals are re-immunized with similar Brucella cultures, which are administered in the same doses and in the same ways, but in the opposite limbs. 9 weeks after vaccination, the animals were euthanized and completely necropsy with blood and internal organs taken for examination.
  • Humoral immunity in vaccinated animals was evaluated by determining the level of anti-brucellosis antibodies in the blood serum of vaccinated animals in serological reactions and by ELISA.
  • Example 9 Analysis of the immune response of bison to the delivery of live brucellosis vaccine
  • a bison weighing 600 kg is immunized with a vaccine from strain B. abortis 82 directly in the herd by the ballistic method using the modified bullet in Example 2 twice from a distance of ⁇ 90 m into the region of the left and right croup. After vaccination, the bison is placed in a separate pen. The animal was carried out daily veterinary supervision. 36 days after vaccination with necropsy, fragments of two bullets were found in bison muscle tissue at a depth of 3 cm. By means of PCR, the presence of the cells of the vaccine strain B. abortis 82 was detected in the lymph nodes and spleen.
  • the described results confirm the possibility of using the claimed bullet for delivering to cattle and wild animals (bison) from a distance of 80-100 m, the vaccine in the required dose and with preserved cell viability. Atraumaticity of the claimed bullet for animals and a small depth of its penetration into animal tissue is shown.
  • the aerodynamic, ballistic and structural characteristics characteristic of the developed bullet Due to the aerodynamic, ballistic and structural characteristics characteristic of the developed bullet, it with high accuracy falls into the target place of the vaccinated animal, penetrates the muscle tissue of the animal to a depth of not more than 3-5.5 cm and due to flattening or disintegration into small fragments, the vaccine quickly and completely leaves and effectively colonizes the surrounding muscle tissue of the animal, followed by cell multiplication.
  • Ballistic vaccination of animals from a distance of 80 - 100 m does not cause the formation of extensive injuries, has a minimal effect on anxiety and behavior of animals, which allows vaccination of almost all animals in one herd.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)

Abstract

RU07/505 La présente invention concerne un dispositif pour immuniser à distance des animaux et/ou leur administrer des préparations vétérinaires. Le dispositif est réalisé sur la base d'une balle de calibre 5,6 mm à l'intérieur de laquelle, sans modifier les dimensions internes de la balle, on a créer une cavité possédant un volume de 0,03 à 0,09 cm(3) qui sert de récipient pour un vaccin vivant ou une préparation vétérinaire. Le bas de la cavité est obturé par une paroi qui assure le maintien du contenu de la balle et le protège contre l'impact des gaz de poudre produits lors du coup de feux; le haut de la balle est protégé par une tête balistique possédant une forme convexe. La surface interne de la cavité peut être recouverte d'une couche de protection qui assure la survie des cellules du matériau de vaccination. La balle est fixée dans le goulot d'une douille et s'utile pour l'immunisation balistique d'animaux au moyen d'un coup de feu unique tiré d'un fusil possédant le calibre adéquat. Le dispositif permet d'assurer la stabilité des propriétés balistiques, l'administration de la dose immunisante nécessaire de la préparation à une distance de 80-100 m sans que les cellules perdent leur vitalité, la pénétration de la préparation dans le corps de l'animal à une profondeur de 3-5,5 cm au maximum et sa libération totale dans le tissu musculaire environnant, un faible degré de traumatisme des animaux et un impact minimal sur leur comportement au sein du troupeau.
PCT/RU2007/000505 2007-09-19 2007-09-19 Dispositif pour immuniser à distance des animaux et/ou leur administrer des préparations vétérinaires Ceased WO2009038492A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/RU2007/000505 WO2009038492A1 (fr) 2007-09-19 2007-09-19 Dispositif pour immuniser à distance des animaux et/ou leur administrer des préparations vétérinaires

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/RU2007/000505 WO2009038492A1 (fr) 2007-09-19 2007-09-19 Dispositif pour immuniser à distance des animaux et/ou leur administrer des préparations vétérinaires

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009038492A1 true WO2009038492A1 (fr) 2009-03-26

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ID=40468124

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/RU2007/000505 Ceased WO2009038492A1 (fr) 2007-09-19 2007-09-19 Dispositif pour immuniser à distance des animaux et/ou leur administrer des préparations vétérinaires

Country Status (1)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU195596A1 (ru) * В. А. Комаров Снаряд для иммобилизации животных
US3616758A (en) * 1968-10-24 1971-11-02 Vladil Afanasievich Komarov Shell for the immobilization of animals
RU1799454C (ru) * 1990-11-22 1993-02-28 Центральный научно-исследовательский институт точного машиностроения Малокалиберный винтовочный патрон

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU195596A1 (ru) * В. А. Комаров Снаряд для иммобилизации животных
US3616758A (en) * 1968-10-24 1971-11-02 Vladil Afanasievich Komarov Shell for the immobilization of animals
RU1799454C (ru) * 1990-11-22 1993-02-28 Центральный научно-исследовательский институт точного машиностроения Малокалиберный винтовочный патрон

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