WO2009030437A1 - Thermal plastic collector with pushed-in absorber body - Google Patents
Thermal plastic collector with pushed-in absorber body Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009030437A1 WO2009030437A1 PCT/EP2008/007100 EP2008007100W WO2009030437A1 WO 2009030437 A1 WO2009030437 A1 WO 2009030437A1 EP 2008007100 W EP2008007100 W EP 2008007100W WO 2009030437 A1 WO2009030437 A1 WO 2009030437A1
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- Prior art keywords
- heat transfer
- solar collector
- collector according
- thermal solar
- channel
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
- F24S10/73—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits the tubular conduits being of plastic material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/50—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates
- F24S10/502—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates having conduits formed by paired plates and internal partition means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
- F24S70/60—Details of absorbing elements characterised by the structure or construction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to thermal solar collectors which convert the light energy of the sun into heat.
- solar collectors Numerous solar collectors (hereinafter alternatively referred to as solar collectors) are already known from the prior art.
- Metal absorber bodies are used in these known solar collectors, since they have a good thermal conductivity.
- the disadvantage here is that due to the metal weight, the collectors are heavy and thus also unwieldy.
- Object of the present invention is to provide lightweight and easy to handle collectors available.
- the object of the present invention is achieved by the use of transparent glass, plastic or polymer materials.
- the inherently poor thermal conductivity of the materials is, as described below, compensated for by the use of suitable absorbers or absorber bodies.
- the solar radiation transparent base body wherein in this transparent base body, the solar radiation absorbing absorbent body are introduced:
- the absorption bodies are in this case flows around by a heat transfer fluid, so that an optimal transfer of absorbed by the absorbent body solar energy to the heat transfer fluid he follows.
- the surface of the absorption bodies can be enlarged and / or structured.
- the solution according to the invention makes it possible to realize thermal solar collectors which are light, which are easy to handle and which have additional design degrees of freedom.
- FIG. 1 shows a first thermal solar collector according to the invention based on a polymer double-wall plate
- Fig. 2 several ways as absorption body can be arranged in the heat transfer channels of the double-skin plate of FIG. 1;
- Fig. 3 shows another thermal solar collector according to the invention based on a triple-skin plate of polymer materials.
- Fig. 1 shows a first example of a solar thermal collector according to the invention.
- This has a main body G, which is made of a solar material for the most transparent plastic material, here on a polymer basis.
- This base was made based on a simple, extrudable geometry in a manner well known to those skilled in the art of plastics processing.
- extruded parts are known as multiple web plates, in particular as double web plates, as shown here, or as triple web plates (see the following FIG. 3).
- Such plates are known in the field of building technology and are commonly used as transparent glazing or cover plates.
- the transmittance for solar radiation per wall unit or wall thickness or wall thickness to be irradiated is to penetrate three wall units: the upper cover panel, the panel separating the two panels, and the wall panel lower cover plate) greater than 0.85, preferably greater than 0.88 and particularly preferably greater than 0.90.
- the term web plate is understood to mean not only those web plates whose webs are arranged perpendicular to the plane of the plate, but also those whose webs have any angle (eg 45 °) to the plate plane or those, the further structuring (eg wellenför - ⁇ ig) of their individual channels.
- the base body G used here has two layers, since it is designed as a double-web plate: a first layer 1, the sauceehrge 1, and a second layer 2, the insulation layer.
- the insulation layer is advantageously provided here, so it can be omitted (then single-layered training of the body).
- the heat transfer layer 1 here consists of four individual heat transfer channels Wl-W4 arranged side by side in the plane of the plate. In this case, the individual channels W1-W4 run parallel to one another in terms of their channel longitudinal axis in the heat transfer medium plane 1 (indicated here by 3D sketching).
- the second hollow chamber layer of Doppelsteg- plate G is formed here as an insulating layer 2: This also has four side by side in the insulation layer plane 2 with its channel longitudinal axis parallel to each other extending isolation channels Il - 14.
- the insulation layer plane and the heat carrier plane lie parallel to one another.
- a basic body according to the invention thus has a plurality of (here two) layers of channels which extend in the direction of extrusion on, as described in more detail below, at least one layer (heat carrier layer 1) of the intermediate spaces the heat transfer medium (a fluid, in particular, for example, a liquid such as water) leads (or within the channels of this layer, the heat transfer medium is performed).
- the other non-flow channels (the insulation layer 2) are used to isolate the heat transfer medium from the environment.
- the isolation channels II-14 are each open at their channel ends, but this need not be the case; they can also be closed, for example, air-filled channels.
- FIG. 2 shows in more detail, an absorption body 3 is now incorporated in each of the heat transfer channels W1-W4 (this is outlined by the hatching in FIG. 1).
- FIG. 2 shows three different possibilities of how this absorption body can be arranged in each case in its heat carrier channel W.
- Fig. 2a shows a plate-shaped absorption body 3, which is inserted by means of guide grooves in the web side walls of the respective heat transfer channel and thus fixed in a form-fitting manner in the channel.
- the scientistssril- len are incorporated here as parallel to the channel longitudinal axis extending grooves in the web side walls of the channel. The exact configuration of the plate-shaped absorbent body 3 will be described later.
- FIG. 2b shows a further example of an absorption body: in the plane shown here (perpendicular to the channel longitudinal axis), it is H-shaped (H-profiling).
- the profiling is in this case designed so that the absorption body 3 in the direction of the longitudinal axis in the heat transfer channel W is inserted and fixed there due to its weight.
- end pieces can also be provided for fixing, which are fastened to the channel walls.
- the absorbent body 3 may be provided with suitable spacers.
- Fig. 2c shows another example in which the absorbent body is basically the same as that shown in Fig. 2b, but unlike the case shown in Fig. 2b, does not have an H-shaped cross-section but a V-shaped profile which is so formed is that the absorption body is also inserted into the heat transfer channel W.
- Each of the heat transfer channels Wl - W4 now has (at no point here) an influence section at its one channel end and an exit section at its opposite channel end so that the heat transfer medium can flow through the heat transfer channel (for example by means of connected lines).
- the respectively arranged in the channel absorption body 3 is thus flows around directly from the heat transfer medium.
- absorbers are inserted into the fluid-carrying channels W in order to increase the efficiency of the absorption. Since the absorber is flowed around directly by the heat transfer fluid, if the base G shown is used directly as the element that is exposed to sunlight, no passage of heat through additional layers of material is necessary, so that the solar energy from the absorber very efficient the heat transfer fluid is transferred. As already described, the following possibilities are possible for configuring the absorbers and / or for fixing the absorbers in the channels W: 1. Extrusion of guide grooves in the webs between the individual channels ( Figure 2a);
- the absorbers advantageously consist of a thin layer of sunlight-absorbing material. This can be achieved, for example, by using a polymer substrate material which is colored by introducing carbon black or similar fillers (with the aim of achieving a high degree of solar absorption).
- a carrier material provided with an absorbent coating can also be used.
- a high absorption in the wavelength range of solar radiation is also crucial.
- a carrier material z As thin polymer or metal - plates in question. On these appropriate absorber layers can then be applied as follows:
- the surface of the absorber (which in fact comes into direct contact with the heat transfer fluid) can advantageously be structured such that no stable flow boundary layer of the heat transfer fluid 4 can form on this surface.
- the said surface of the absorber can be interrupted and / or reformed in a defined manner, for example, which leads to local vortex formation.
- the main body in this case: multiple-wall plate
- an outer coating on its outer surface sections which is formed from weather-stable or stabilized materials. This serves to protect the body from the effects of the weather and / or to reduce the heat radiation emission and / or to optimize the wetting properties (hydrophobicity / hydrophilicity).
- Such a coating can be carried out, for example, by means of lamination, by gluing and / or by coextrusion.
- ends of the described extruded doublet plate are suitable End pieces, by means of which a ⁇ "supply and" removing the 'heat transfer fluid 4 is possible.
- FIG. 3 now shows a further example of a thermal solar collector according to the invention.
- the main body G is formed as a three-layer plate in the form of a triple-walled sheet of polymer material.
- the uppermost layer is here as the first insulating layer 2a (here again with four isolation channels IIa, I2a, I3a and I4a, but it can of course be used more channels) is formed.
- the middle layer is designed here as a four-channel heat transfer layer 1.
- a cross-sectionally V-shaped absorption body is inserted (absorption body 3a-3d).
- As a third layer then follows the second insulating layer 2b, which is formed as well as the first I-solationslage 2a.
- the heat transfer layer 1 is thus sandwiched between the two insulating layers 2a and 2b.
- This has the advantage that an insulation layer is formed on both sides of the heat transfer medium flowing through the heat transfer layer or the heat transfer channels W, so that optimum isolation of the heat transfer medium from the environment is achieved.
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Abstract
Description
Thermischer Kunststoffkollektor mit eingeschobenem Thermal plastic collector with inserted
Absorberkörperabsorber body
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf thermische Solarkollektoren, welche die Lichtenergie der Sonne in Wärme umwandeln.The present invention relates to thermal solar collectors which convert the light energy of the sun into heat.
Aus dem Stand der Technik sind bereits zahlreiche Solarkollektoren (nachfolgend alternativ auch als Son- nenkollektoren bezeichnet) bekannt.Numerous solar collectors (hereinafter alternatively referred to as solar collectors) are already known from the prior art.
In diesen bekannten Solarkollektoren werden Metallabsorberkörper verwendet, da diese eine gute thermische Leitfähigkeit aufweisen. Nachteilig hierbei ist je- doch, dass aufgrund des Metallgewichtes die Kollektoren schwer und somit auch unhandlich sind.Metal absorber bodies are used in these known solar collectors, since they have a good thermal conductivity. The disadvantage here, however, is that due to the metal weight, the collectors are heavy and thus also unwieldy.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, leichte und einfach handhabbare Kollektoren zur Verfügung zu stellen. Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung wird durch den Einsatz von transparenten Glas-, Kunststoff- oder Polymermaterialien gelöst. Die an sich schlechte ther- mische Leitfähigkeit der Materialien wird, wie nachfolgend beschrieben, durch den Einsatz geeigneter Absorber bzw. Absorberkörper ausgeglichen.Object of the present invention is to provide lightweight and easy to handle collectors available. The object of the present invention is achieved by the use of transparent glass, plastic or polymer materials. The inherently poor thermal conductivity of the materials is, as described below, compensated for by the use of suitable absorbers or absorber bodies.
Wesentlich dabei ist, dass erfindungsgemäß für die Solarstrahlung transparente Grundkörper eingesetzt werden, wobei in diese transparenten Grundkörper die Solarstrahlung absorbierende Absorptionskörper eingeführt werden: Die Absorptionskörper werden hierbei von einem Wärmeträgerfluid umströmt, so dass eine op- timale Übertragung der vom Absorptionskörper absorbierten Sonnenenergie an das Wärmeträgerfluid erfolgt. Zur Optimierung der Absorption und/oder der Wärmeabgabe an das Fluid kann die Oberfläche der Absorptionskörper vergrößert werden und/oder struktu- riert werden.It is essential that according to the invention for the solar radiation transparent base body are used, wherein in this transparent base body, the solar radiation absorbing absorbent body are introduced: The absorption bodies are in this case flows around by a heat transfer fluid, so that an optimal transfer of absorbed by the absorbent body solar energy to the heat transfer fluid he follows. In order to optimize the absorption and / or the heat release to the fluid, the surface of the absorption bodies can be enlarged and / or structured.
Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung macht es möglich, thermische Solarkollektoren, welche leicht sind, welche einfach zu handhaben sind und welche zusätzliche De- signfreiheitsgrade aufweisen, zu realisieren.The solution according to the invention makes it possible to realize thermal solar collectors which are light, which are easy to handle and which have additional design degrees of freedom.
Die vorliegende Erfindung wird nun nachfolgend anhand von einzelnen Ausführungsbeispielen beschrieben. Die einzelnen bei den Ausführungsbeispielen jeweils rea- lisierten erfindungsgemäßen Aspekte können hierbei imThe present invention will now be described below with reference to individual embodiments. The individual aspects of the invention realized in each of the exemplary embodiments can be described in the following
Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung nicht nur in den genau in diesen Ausführungsbeispielen auftretenden Kombinationen realisiert sein bzw. verwendet werden, sondern können im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung vom Fachmann anhand seines Fachwissens auch auf andere Art und Weise kombiniert bzw. verwendet werden. Es zeigen :Within the scope of the present invention, within the scope of the present invention, those skilled in the art can also be combined or used in a different manner in the context of the present invention on the basis of their specialist knowledge. Show it :
Fig. 1 einen ersten erfindungsgemäßen thermischen So- larkollektor auf Basis einer Polymer-Doppelstegplatte1 shows a first thermal solar collector according to the invention based on a polymer double-wall plate
Fig. 2 mehrere Möglichkeiten, wie Absorptionskörper in den Wärmeträgerkanälen der Doppelstegplatte nach Fig. 1 angeordnet sein können;Fig. 2 several ways as absorption body can be arranged in the heat transfer channels of the double-skin plate of FIG. 1;
Fig. 3 einen weiteren erfindungsgemäßen thermischen Solarkollektor auf Basis einer Dreifachstegplatte aus Polymermaterialien .Fig. 3 shows another thermal solar collector according to the invention based on a triple-skin plate of polymer materials.
Fig. 1 zeigt ein erstes Beispiel für einen erfindungsgemäßen thermischen Solarkollektor. Dieser weist einen Grundkörper G auf, welcher aus einem für Solarstrahlung möglichst transparenten Kunststoffmaterial, hier auf Polymerbasis, ausgebildet ist. Dieser Grund- körper wurde basierend auf einer einfachen, extru- dierbaren Geometrie auf eine Art und Weise wie sie einem Fachmann auf dem Gebiet der KunststoffVerarbeitung bekannt ist, hergestellt. Bekannt sind solche extrudierten Teile als Mehrfachstegplatten, insbeson- dere als Doppelstegplatten, wie hier gezeigt, oder auch als Dreifachstegplatten (siehe nachfolgende Fig. 3) . Solche Platten sind auf dem Gebiet der Bautechnik bekannt und werden üblicherweise als transparente Verglasungs- oder Abdeckplatten eingesetzt. Möglichst transparent bedeutet hierbei, dass der Transmissions- grad für Solarstrahlung pro zu durchstrahlender Wandeinheit bzw. Wanddicke oder Wandstärke (im Fall einer Doppelstegplatte sind z.B. bei Einstrahlung senkrecht zur Plattenebene drei Wandeinheiten zu durchstrahlen: Die obere Deckplatte, die die beiden Lagen trennende Platte sowie die untere Deckplatte) größer als 0,85, bevorzugt größer als 0,88 und- besonders bevorzugt größer als 0,90 ist.Fig. 1 shows a first example of a solar thermal collector according to the invention. This has a main body G, which is made of a solar material for the most transparent plastic material, here on a polymer basis. This base was made based on a simple, extrudable geometry in a manner well known to those skilled in the art of plastics processing. Such extruded parts are known as multiple web plates, in particular as double web plates, as shown here, or as triple web plates (see the following FIG. 3). Such plates are known in the field of building technology and are commonly used as transparent glazing or cover plates. As transparent as possible, this means that the transmittance for solar radiation per wall unit or wall thickness or wall thickness to be irradiated (in the case of a double-skin panel, for example, when irradiated perpendicularly to the plane of the panel, is to penetrate three wall units: the upper cover panel, the panel separating the two panels, and the wall panel lower cover plate) greater than 0.85, preferably greater than 0.88 and particularly preferably greater than 0.90.
Im Rahmen der Erfindung werden unter dem Begriff der Stegplatte nicht nur solche Stegplatten verstanden, deren Stege senkrecht zur Plattenebene angeordnet sind, sondern auch solche, deren Stege einen beliebigen Winkel (z.B. 45°) zur Plattenebene aufweisen oder solche, die weitere Strukturierungen (z.B. wellenför- πiig) ihrer einzelnen Kanäle aufweisen.In the context of the invention, the term web plate is understood to mean not only those web plates whose webs are arranged perpendicular to the plane of the plate, but also those whose webs have any angle (eg 45 °) to the plate plane or those, the further structuring (eg wellenför - πig) of their individual channels.
Der verwendete Grundkörper G weist hier zwei Lagen auf, da er als Doppelstegplatte ausgebildet ist: eine erste Lage 1, die Wärmeträgerläge 1, und eine zweite Lage 2, die Isolationslage. Die Isolationslage ist hier vorteilhafterweise vorgesehen, kann also auch entfallen (dann einlagige Ausbildung des Grundkörpers) . Die Wärmeträgerlage 1 besteht hier aus vier nebeneinander in der Plattenebene angeordneten ein- zelnen Wärmeträgerkanälen Wl - W4. Die einzelnen Kanäle Wl - W4 verlaufen hierbei in Bezug auf ihre Kanallängsachse gesehen in der Wärmeträgerebene 1 parallel zueinander (hier durch 3D-Skizzierung angedeutet) . Die zweite Hohlkammerschicht der Doppelsteg- platte G ist hier als Isolationslage 2 ausgebildet: Diese weist ebenfalls vier nebeneinander in der Isolationslagenebene 2 mit ihrer Kanallängsachse parallel zueinander verlaufende Isolationskanäle Il - 14 auf. Die Isolationslagenebene und die Wärmeträgerla- genebene verlaufen parallel zueinander.The base body G used here has two layers, since it is designed as a double-web plate: a first layer 1, the Wärmeträgerläge 1, and a second layer 2, the insulation layer. The insulation layer is advantageously provided here, so it can be omitted (then single-layered training of the body). The heat transfer layer 1 here consists of four individual heat transfer channels Wl-W4 arranged side by side in the plane of the plate. In this case, the individual channels W1-W4 run parallel to one another in terms of their channel longitudinal axis in the heat transfer medium plane 1 (indicated here by 3D sketching). The second hollow chamber layer of Doppelsteg- plate G is formed here as an insulating layer 2: This also has four side by side in the insulation layer plane 2 with its channel longitudinal axis parallel to each other extending isolation channels Il - 14. The insulation layer plane and the heat carrier plane lie parallel to one another.
Die einzelnen Isolationskanäle Il - 14 und Wärmeträgerkanäle Wl - W4 sind somit durch die Hohlkammern der Doppelstegplatte ausgebildet. Ein erfindungsgemä- ßer Grundkörper weist somit mehrere (hier zwei) in Extrusionsrichtung durchgehende Lagen von Kanälen auf, wobei, wie nachfolgend noch näher beschrieben, mindestens eine Lage (Wärmeträgerlage 1) der Zwischenräume das Wärmeträgermedium (ein Fluid, insbesondere beispielsweise eine Flüssigkeit wie Wasser) führt (bzw. innerhalb der Kanäle dieser Lage das Wärmeträgermedium geführt wird) . Die weiteren nicht durchströmten Kanäle (der Isolationslage 2) dienen der Isolation des Wärmeträgermediums gegenüber der Umgebung. Im vorliegenden Fall sind die Isolationska- näle Il - 14 an ihren Kanalenden jeweils offen ausgebildet, dies muss jedoch nicht der Fall sein, es kann sich hierbei auch um geschlossene, beispielsweise luftgefüllte Kanäle handeln.The individual insulation channels II-14 and heat-transfer channels W1-W4 are thus formed by the hollow chambers of the double-web plate. A basic body according to the invention thus has a plurality of (here two) layers of channels which extend in the direction of extrusion on, as described in more detail below, at least one layer (heat carrier layer 1) of the intermediate spaces the heat transfer medium (a fluid, in particular, for example, a liquid such as water) leads (or within the channels of this layer, the heat transfer medium is performed). The other non-flow channels (the insulation layer 2) are used to isolate the heat transfer medium from the environment. In the present case, the isolation channels II-14 are each open at their channel ends, but this need not be the case; they can also be closed, for example, air-filled channels.
Wie Fig. 2 näher zeigt, ist nun in jedem der Wärmeträgerkanäle Wl - W4 (dies ist durch die Schraffur in Fig. 1 skizziert) ein Absorptionskörper 3 eingearbeitet. Fig. 2 zeigt drei verschiedene Möglichkeiten, wie dieser Absorptionskörper jeweils in seinem Wärme- trägerkanal W angeordnet sein kann. Fig. 2a zeigt einen plattenförmigen Absorptionskörper 3 , welcher mit Hilfe von Führungsrillen in den Stegseitenwänden des jeweiligen Wärmeträgerkanals eingeschoben und somit im Kanal formschlüssig fixiert ist. Die Führungsril- len sind hier als parallel zur Kanallängsachse verlaufende Nuten in die Stegseitenwände des Kanals eingearbeitet. Die genaue Ausgestaltung des plattenförmigen Absorptionskörpers 3 wird später beschrieben.As FIG. 2 shows in more detail, an absorption body 3 is now incorporated in each of the heat transfer channels W1-W4 (this is outlined by the hatching in FIG. 1). FIG. 2 shows three different possibilities of how this absorption body can be arranged in each case in its heat carrier channel W. Fig. 2a shows a plate-shaped absorption body 3, which is inserted by means of guide grooves in the web side walls of the respective heat transfer channel and thus fixed in a form-fitting manner in the channel. The Führungsril- len are incorporated here as parallel to the channel longitudinal axis extending grooves in the web side walls of the channel. The exact configuration of the plate-shaped absorbent body 3 will be described later.
Fig. 2b zeigt ein weiteres Beispiel eines Absorptionskörpers: Dieser ist in der hier gezeigten Ebene (senkrecht zur Kanallängsachse) H- förmig ausgebildet (H-Profilierung) . Die Profilierung ist hierbei so ausgebildet, dass der Absorptionskörper 3 in Richtung der Längsachse in den Wärmeträgerkanal W einschiebbar und dort aufgrund seiner Gewichtskraft fixiert ist. Alternativ können zur Fixierung auch Endstücke vorgesehen werden, welche an den Kanalwänden befestigt werden. Auch kann der Absorptionskörper 3 mit geeigneten Abstandshaltern versehen sein.FIG. 2b shows a further example of an absorption body: in the plane shown here (perpendicular to the channel longitudinal axis), it is H-shaped (H-profiling). The profiling is in this case designed so that the absorption body 3 in the direction of the longitudinal axis in the heat transfer channel W is inserted and fixed there due to its weight. Alternatively, end pieces can also be provided for fixing, which are fastened to the channel walls. Also, the absorbent body 3 may be provided with suitable spacers.
Fig. 2c zeigt ein weiteres Beispiel, bei welchem der Absorptionskörper grundsätzlich wie derjenige in Fig. 2b ausgebildet ist, jedoch im Gegensatz zum in Fig. 2b gezeigten Fall nicht einen H- förmigen Querschnitt aufweist, sondern eine V-förmige Profilierung, die so ausgebildet ist, dass der Absorptionskörper ebenfalls in den Wärmeträgerkanal W einschiebbar ist .Fig. 2c shows another example in which the absorbent body is basically the same as that shown in Fig. 2b, but unlike the case shown in Fig. 2b, does not have an H-shaped cross-section but a V-shaped profile which is so formed is that the absorption body is also inserted into the heat transfer channel W.
Jeder der Wärmeträgerkanäle Wl - W4 weist nun (hier nicht gezeigt) an seinem einen Kanalende einen Einflussabschnitt und an seinem gegenüberliegenden Kanalende einen Austrittsabschnitt so auf, dass das Wärmeträgermedium (beispielsweise mittels angeschlossener Leitungen) durch den Wärmeträgerkanal hindurchge- strömt werden kann. Der im Kanal jeweils angeordnete Absorptionskörper 3 wird somit unmittelbar vom Wärmeträgermedium umströmt .Each of the heat transfer channels Wl - W4 now has (at no point here) an influence section at its one channel end and an exit section at its opposite channel end so that the heat transfer medium can flow through the heat transfer channel (for example by means of connected lines). The respectively arranged in the channel absorption body 3 is thus flows around directly from the heat transfer medium.
Somit sind in die Fluid führenden Kanäle W zur Erhö- hung des Wirkungsgrades der Absorption jeweils Absorber eingeschoben. Da die Absorber direkt vom Wär- meträgerfluid umströmt werden, ist, sofern der gezeigte Grundkörper G unmittelbar als das Element, welches dem Sonnenlicht ausgesetzt wird, verwendet wird, kein Durchgang der Wärme durch zusätzliche Materialschichten notwendig, so dass die Sonnenenergie sehr effizient vom Absorber in das Wärmeträgerfluid übertragen wird. Wie bereits beschrieben kommen zur Ausgestaltung der Absorber und/oder zur Fixierung der Absorber in den Kanälen W die folgenden Möglichkeiten in Betracht : 1. Extrusion von Führungsrillen in den Stegen zwischen den einzelnen Kanälen (Fig. 2a) ;Thus absorbers are inserted into the fluid-carrying channels W in order to increase the efficiency of the absorption. Since the absorber is flowed around directly by the heat transfer fluid, if the base G shown is used directly as the element that is exposed to sunlight, no passage of heat through additional layers of material is necessary, so that the solar energy from the absorber very efficient the heat transfer fluid is transferred. As already described, the following possibilities are possible for configuring the absorbers and / or for fixing the absorbers in the channels W: 1. Extrusion of guide grooves in the webs between the individual channels (Figure 2a);
2. Konstruktion des Absorbers mit Abstandhaltern (nicht gezeigt) ;2. Construction of absorber with spacers (not shown);
3. Doppel-T-, H-, V- oder U-Profilierung der Absorber (siehe Fig. 2b und 2c) .3. Double T, H, V or U profiling of the absorbers (see Figs. 2b and 2c).
Die Absorber bestehen hierbei vorteilhafterweise aus einer dünnen Schicht eines Sonnenlicht absorbierenden Materials. Dies kann beispielsweise dadurch erreicht werden, dass ein Polymersubstratmaterial verwendet wird, welches durch Einbringen von Ruß oder ähnlichen Füllstoffen (mit Ziel, einen hohen solaren Absorpti- onsgrad zu erreichen) eingefärbt wird.The absorbers advantageously consist of a thin layer of sunlight-absorbing material. This can be achieved, for example, by using a polymer substrate material which is colored by introducing carbon black or similar fillers (with the aim of achieving a high degree of solar absorption).
Alternativ dazu kann auch ein Trägermaterial verwendet werden, welches mit einer absorbierenden Be- schichtung versehen ist. Für die Beschichtung ist dann ebenfalls eine hohe Absorption im Wellenlängenbereich der solaren Strahlung entscheidend. Als Trägermaterial kommen z. B. dünne Polymer- oder Metall - platten in Frage . Auf diese können dann entsprechende Absorberschichten wie folgt aufgebracht werden:Alternatively, a carrier material provided with an absorbent coating can also be used. For the coating then a high absorption in the wavelength range of solar radiation is also crucial. As a carrier material z. As thin polymer or metal - plates in question. On these appropriate absorber layers can then be applied as follows:
1. Aufkleben oder Auflaminieren einer Metallfolie auf das Trägermaterial .1. Sticking or laminating a metal foil on the carrier material.
2. Aufkleben oder Auflaminieren einer metallisierten Polymerfolie oder auch einer selektiv absor- bierenden Metallfolie auf das Trägermaterial.2. Sticking or laminating a metallized polymer film or a selectively absorbing metal foil on the carrier material.
3. Direktes Beschichten des Trägermaterials mit selektiv absorbierenden Schichten oder Schichtsystemen (das Beschichten kann chemisch, mittels bekannter PVD-Verfahren oder mittels bekannter CVD-Verfahren erfolgen) . Zu einer Verbesserung des Wärmeübergangs zwischen den Absorbern 3 und dem Wärmeträgerfluid 4 kann vorteil - hafterweise die Oberfläche des Absorbers (welche ja mit dem Wärmeträgerfluid unmittelbar in Kontakt kommt) so strukturiert werden, dass sich an dieser Oberfläche keine stabile Strömungsgrenzschicht des Wärmeträgerfluides 4 ausbilden kann. Um dies zu erreichen, kann die besagte Oberfläche der Absorber beispielsweise definiert unterbrochen und/oder refor- miert werden, was zu einer lokalen Wirbelbildung führt. Dies kann beispielsweise durch Ausbildung einer Wellenstruktur (mit asymmetrisch ausgebildeten und/oder in unregelmäßigen Abständen angeordneten Einzelwellenelementen) oder einer entgegen die Strö- mungsrichtung gerichteten Sägezahnstruktur oder durch Ausbildung einer Vielzahl von strömungsbrechenden Strukturen, z.B. Pyramiden, auf der Oberfläche geschehen. Eine solche Vorgehensweise verbessert den Wärmeübergang von der Grenzschicht ins Wärmeträgerme- dium.3. Direct coating of the support material with selectively absorbing layers or layer systems (the coating can be done chemically, by known PVD methods or by known CVD methods). To improve the heat transfer between the absorbers 3 and the heat transfer fluid 4, the surface of the absorber (which in fact comes into direct contact with the heat transfer fluid) can advantageously be structured such that no stable flow boundary layer of the heat transfer fluid 4 can form on this surface. In order to achieve this, the said surface of the absorber can be interrupted and / or reformed in a defined manner, for example, which leads to local vortex formation. This can be done, for example, by forming a wave structure (with asymmetrically designed and / or irregularly spaced individual wave elements) or a direction of flow directed Sägezahnstruktur or by forming a plurality of flow-breaking structures, such as pyramids on the surface. Such an approach improves the heat transfer from the boundary layer into the heat transfer medium.
Vorteilhafterweise ist des Weiteren möglich, den Grundkörper (hier: Mehrfachstegplatte) auf seinen äußeren Oberflächenabschnitten mit einer Außenbeschich- tung zu versehen, welche aus witterungsstabilen oder -stabilisierten Materialien gebildet ist. Dies dient dem Schutz des Grundkörpers vor Witterungseinflüssen und/oder der Verminderung der Wärmestrahlungsemission und/oder der Optimierung der Benetzungseigenschaften (Hydrophobie/Hydrophilie) . Eine solche Beschichtung kann beispielsweise mittels Lamination, mittels Klebung und/oder mittels Koextrusion vorgenommen werden.Furthermore, it is advantageously possible to provide the main body (in this case: multiple-wall plate) with an outer coating on its outer surface sections, which is formed from weather-stable or stabilized materials. This serves to protect the body from the effects of the weather and / or to reduce the heat radiation emission and / or to optimize the wetting properties (hydrophobicity / hydrophilicity). Such a coating can be carried out, for example, by means of lamination, by gluing and / or by coextrusion.
Wie bereits beschrieben, weisen die Enden der be- schriebenen extrudierten Doppelstegplatte geeignete Endstücke auf, mittels^ derer ein "Zu- und" Abführen des' Wärmeträgerfluids 4 möglich ist.As previously described, the ends of the described extruded doublet plate are suitable End pieces, by means of which a ^ "supply and" removing the 'heat transfer fluid 4 is possible.
Fig. 3 zeigt nun ein weiteres Beispiel für einen er- findungsgemäßen thermischen Solarkollektor. In diesem Fall ist der Grundkörper G als dreilagige Platte in Form einer Dreifachstegplatte aus Polymermaterial ausgebildet. Die oberste Lage ist hier als erste Isolationslage 2a (hier wieder mit vier Isolationskanä- len IIa, I2a, I3a und I4a, es können jedoch selbstverständlich auch mehr Kanäle verwendet werden) ausgebildet. Die mittlere Lage ist hier als vierkanalige Wärmeträgerlage 1 ausgebildet. In jedem Kanal Wl - W4 der Wärmeträgerlage 1 ist ein im Querschnitt V- förmiger Absorptionskörper eingeschoben (Absorptions- körper 3a - 3d) . Als dritte Lage folgt dann die zweite Isolationslage 2b, welche ebenso wie die erste I- solationslage 2a ausgebildet ist. Im hier gezeigten Fall ist die Wärmeträgerlage 1 somit sandwichförmig zwischen den beiden Isolationslagen 2a und 2b angeordnet. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass beidseits des durch die Wärmeträgerlage bzw. die Wärmeträgerkanäle W durchströmenden Wärmeträgermediums eine Isolations- schicht ausgebildet ist, so dass eine optimale Isola- tion des Wärmeträgermediums gegenüber der Umgebung erreicht wird. FIG. 3 now shows a further example of a thermal solar collector according to the invention. In this case, the main body G is formed as a three-layer plate in the form of a triple-walled sheet of polymer material. The uppermost layer is here as the first insulating layer 2a (here again with four isolation channels IIa, I2a, I3a and I4a, but it can of course be used more channels) is formed. The middle layer is designed here as a four-channel heat transfer layer 1. In each channel Wl - W4 of the heat transfer layer 1, a cross-sectionally V-shaped absorption body is inserted (absorption body 3a-3d). As a third layer then follows the second insulating layer 2b, which is formed as well as the first I-solationslage 2a. In the case shown here, the heat transfer layer 1 is thus sandwiched between the two insulating layers 2a and 2b. This has the advantage that an insulation layer is formed on both sides of the heat transfer medium flowing through the heat transfer layer or the heat transfer channels W, so that optimum isolation of the heat transfer medium from the environment is achieved.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007041267A DE102007041267B4 (en) | 2007-08-31 | 2007-08-31 | Thermal plastic collector with inserted absorber body |
| DE102007041267.5 | 2007-08-31 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2009030437A1 true WO2009030437A1 (en) | 2009-03-12 |
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ID=40076550
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2008/007100 Ceased WO2009030437A1 (en) | 2007-08-31 | 2008-08-29 | Thermal plastic collector with pushed-in absorber body |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
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| DE (1) | DE102007041267B4 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009030437A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010007251A1 (en) * | 2010-02-09 | 2011-08-11 | Gross, Heinz, Dr.-Ing., 64380 | Solar heat collector system for using solar power in residential building and industrial plant, has water channels e.g. tubes, for heating gas and liquid by solar radiation. and bottom wall provided underneath top wall |
| AT510629B1 (en) * | 2010-11-11 | 2013-12-15 | Greiner Renewable Energy Gmbh | SOLAR COLLECTOR |
| DE202011052459U1 (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2013-03-25 | Rehau Ag + Co | Absorber for solar energy |
| DE102013005384A1 (en) | 2013-03-28 | 2014-10-02 | Sun Master Energiesysteme Gmbh | Thermal solar collector |
| GB2512241B (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2019-02-06 | Epicuro Ltd | Solar collector |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2724504A1 (en) * | 1977-05-31 | 1978-12-07 | Hans Vorbach | Solar collector panels - have light-absorbing heat exchange liq. circulating in sealed channels with transparent cover |
| US4207867A (en) * | 1977-06-29 | 1980-06-17 | Lincoln Hanks | Solar energy collector and method |
| AT358232B (en) * | 1977-04-26 | 1980-08-25 | Heinz Faigle Kommanditgesellsc | COMPOSITE DISC FOR A LIGHT ENTRY OPENING |
| US4271823A (en) * | 1975-12-31 | 1981-06-09 | The Franklin Institute | Unitary solar collector panel |
| BE895484A (en) * | 1982-12-28 | 1983-04-15 | Sproelants Monique | Solar heat recovery panel - comprises partitions between translucent plates forming passages in which absorbers are mounted |
| US20040191485A1 (en) * | 2001-08-09 | 2004-09-30 | Herbert Groothues | Plastic body having low thermal conductivity, high light transmission and a capacity for absorption in the near-infrared region |
| DE202006015717U1 (en) * | 2006-10-13 | 2006-12-21 | HAUSCHILD, Rüdiger | Flat solar collector for solar heating has upper side of hollow chamber profile component partly transparent or opaque |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2729734A1 (en) * | 1977-07-01 | 1979-01-11 | Elco Oel & Gasbrenner | Solar energy collector - having series of parallel passages with absorber strips in each, suitable for swimming pool heating |
| DE102004058488A1 (en) * | 2004-12-04 | 2006-06-22 | Torsten Gast | Radiation collector e.g. vacuum tube collector, for use in e.g. swimming pool, has heat conducting units provided in area of conductor to receive heat energy delivered to side of absorber and to deliver energy to heat transferring conductor |
-
2007
- 2007-08-31 DE DE102007041267A patent/DE102007041267B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-08-29 WO PCT/EP2008/007100 patent/WO2009030437A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4271823A (en) * | 1975-12-31 | 1981-06-09 | The Franklin Institute | Unitary solar collector panel |
| AT358232B (en) * | 1977-04-26 | 1980-08-25 | Heinz Faigle Kommanditgesellsc | COMPOSITE DISC FOR A LIGHT ENTRY OPENING |
| DE2724504A1 (en) * | 1977-05-31 | 1978-12-07 | Hans Vorbach | Solar collector panels - have light-absorbing heat exchange liq. circulating in sealed channels with transparent cover |
| US4207867A (en) * | 1977-06-29 | 1980-06-17 | Lincoln Hanks | Solar energy collector and method |
| BE895484A (en) * | 1982-12-28 | 1983-04-15 | Sproelants Monique | Solar heat recovery panel - comprises partitions between translucent plates forming passages in which absorbers are mounted |
| US20040191485A1 (en) * | 2001-08-09 | 2004-09-30 | Herbert Groothues | Plastic body having low thermal conductivity, high light transmission and a capacity for absorption in the near-infrared region |
| DE202006015717U1 (en) * | 2006-10-13 | 2006-12-21 | HAUSCHILD, Rüdiger | Flat solar collector for solar heating has upper side of hollow chamber profile component partly transparent or opaque |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102007041267B4 (en) | 2012-07-12 |
| DE102007041267A1 (en) | 2009-03-05 |
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