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WO2009013582A1 - Système et procédé pour une distribution d'étiquettes ethernet - Google Patents

Système et procédé pour une distribution d'étiquettes ethernet Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009013582A1
WO2009013582A1 PCT/IB2008/001855 IB2008001855W WO2009013582A1 WO 2009013582 A1 WO2009013582 A1 WO 2009013582A1 IB 2008001855 W IB2008001855 W IB 2008001855W WO 2009013582 A1 WO2009013582 A1 WO 2009013582A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
label
router
ethernet
label information
network
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IB2008/001855
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English (en)
Inventor
Attila Takacs
Oktavian Papp
András CSÁSZÁR
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
Original Assignee
Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB filed Critical Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
Publication of WO2009013582A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009013582A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/50—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks using label swapping, e.g. multi-protocol label switch [MPLS]

Definitions

  • the present invention is directed, in general, to the control of packet- switched networks, such as Ethernets, and it is directed more specifically to a manner of establishing forwarding paths in an Ethernet network and populating network-node databases through Ethernet label distribution.
  • Networks allow computing devices to communicate with each other.
  • computing devices such as laptops, workstations, and mainframe computers. While these devices are useful in and of themselves, networking them together allows for the sharing of data and computing resources.
  • Networks also permit communication by the user of one computer with the users of one or more others through such applications as email and instant messaging.
  • Some computing devices such as VoIP (voice over Internet protocol) telephones, have person to person communications as their primary purpose. While any two computing devices may, of course, be connected together, it would be impractical to connect even a small number of devices directly to each other.
  • VoIP voice over Internet protocol
  • Ethernet is a type of network that has been in use for many years and is still gaining in popularity.
  • Ethernets are packet switched networks. Such networks operate by dividing the information to be communicated into discreet units of data called packets. Each packet contains not only data or control information, but is provided with the address of the intended recipient and other routing information as well. Some type of sequence number is included so that the packet-transmitted information can be reassembled into its original form.
  • An Ethernet standard promulgated by the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) is known as IEEE 802.3, although there are several other related standards also relevant to Ethernet operation.
  • Another organization, the IETF Internet Engineering Task Force
  • RFCs requests for comment
  • Two such documents that have relevance to the present invention, for example, are RFC3031 (Multiprotocol Label Switching Architecture) and RFC3036 (Label Distribution Protocol).
  • STP spanning tree protocol
  • RSTP rapid spanning tree protocol
  • MSTP multiple spanning tree protocol
  • SPB shortest path bridging
  • PBB-TE provider backbone bridging traffic engineering
  • IEEE 802. lay provides for the use of Ethernet control plane protocols other than RSTP/MSTP.
  • MSTID multiple spanning tree identifier
  • VLANs assigned this MSTID are out of the control of the MSTP.
  • GMPLS general multiprotocol label switching
  • GELS G MPLS-controlled Ethernet label switching
  • LDP label distribution protocol
  • MPLS multiprotocol label switching
  • LSPs label switched paths
  • MPLS is a network architecture that assigns groups of incoming packets to FECs (forwarding equivalency classes).
  • FECs forwarding equivalency classes.
  • the packets are routed along LSPs based on pre-allocated labels mapped to and FEC.
  • the labels are added to packet headers when the packets enter the network according to the general procedure outlined in the LDP specification (RFC3036).
  • FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram illustrating the management of LDP headers according to a standard MPLS protocol.
  • exemplary packets enter the network 10 through ingress LER (label edge router) 15.
  • the MAC address here referred to as MAC1
  • MPLS shim header L1 is added, indicating the address of the node to which the packet is to be forwarded. Adding the shim header L1 is sometimes referred to as "pushing" the label.
  • a corresponding MAC address header portion MAC2 is also added, and the packet is forwarded from LER 15 to LSR 20 in a first LDP session.
  • LSR 25 is the penultimate LSR in network segment 10 as it immediately precedes egress LER 30. For this reason, when the data packet arrives at LSR 25 the MPLS shim header is removed entirely, an MPLS procedure sometimes referred to as label "pop". Although a shim header is no longer needed, the MAC address header MAC3 is removed and replaces with a MAC address header MAC4, identifying the egress LER 30. The data packet is then forwarded to egress header 30, where the MAC address header MAC5 is added in place of MAC4, and the data packet is transmitted toward its next destination (not shown).
  • the present invention is directed to an LDP (label distribution protocol) solution that may be implemented as an alternative to MSTP (multiple spanning tree protocol) or SPB (shortest path bridging) with ISIS (intermediate system to intermediate system) routing and to GMPLS RSVP-TE (general multiprotocol label switching; resource reservation protocol - traffic engineering).
  • LDP label distribution protocol
  • MSTP multiple spanning tree protocol
  • SPB shortest path bridging
  • ISIS intermediate system to intermediate system
  • GMPLS RSVP-TE general multiprotocol label switching; resource reservation protocol - traffic engineering
  • the present invention is a method for use in an Ethernet or other packet-switched network.
  • the method establishes an LSP (label switched path) toward an edge router, and includes the steps of generating a label mapping message including label information, the label information including the MAC address of the edge router and an identifier VID1 identifying a VLAN that includes the edge router and sending the label mapping message on at least one edge router interface.
  • the method may further include receiving the label mapping message at a first interface of an Ethernet bridge or similar node, determining whether to store the label in the label mapping message in a forwarding database, and upon determining that the label information should be stored, storing the label information in the database, mapped to the first interface.
  • an Ethernet router receiving the label mapping message includes an enhanced ARP cache that is able to store IP (Internet protocol) prefixes, and the method is further characterized by the step of storing the FEC and label information in the enhanced ARP cache.
  • the present invention is a system for routing data packets that includes a router having a message generator arranged to generate a label mapping message including label information, the label information including the MAC address of the router and an identifier identifying a VLAN that includes the router, and at least one additional node, the additional node having a database and a routing protocol function arranged for determining whether to store label information extracted from a received label mapping message in the database.
  • the present invention is a network node for routing data in a packet-switched network, including a message generator arranged to generate a label mapping message including label information, the label information including the MAC address of the router and an identifier identifying a VLAN that includes the router, a network interface arranged for sending the label mapping message on at least one network interface.
  • the node may also include a routing protocol function for determining whether to store label information extracted from a received label mapping message in a database.
  • controller may be centralized or distributed, whether locally or remotely.
  • a controller may comprise one or more data processors, and associated input/output devices and memory, that execute one or more application programs and/or an operating system program.
  • FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram illustrating the management of LDP (label distribution protocol) headers in a standard MPLS (multiprotocol label switching) network.
  • LDP label distribution protocol
  • MPLS multiprotocol label switching
  • FIG. 2 is a simplified block diagram illustrating the management of LDP headers according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow diagram illustrating the basic steps included in a method of establishing an Ethernet LSP (label switched path) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 4a through 4c are a series of simplified block diagrams illustrating an Ethernet LSP setup sequence according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a simplified block diagram illustrating a network router according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGURES 2 through 5 discussed below, and the various embodiments used to describe the principles of the present invention in this patent document are by way of illustration only and should not be construed in any way to limit the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that the principles of the present invention may be implemented in any suitably arranged packet-switched network.
  • the present invention is directed to a manner of enhancing the efficiency of packet routing in a packed switched network such as an Ethernet.
  • the present invention is directed to an LDP (label distribution protocol) solution that may be implemented as an alternative, for example, to MSTP (multiple spanning tree protocol) or SPB (shortest path bridging) with ISIS (intermediate system to intermediate system) routing and to GMPLS RSVP-TE (general multiprotocol label switching; resource reservation protocol - traffic engineering).
  • LDP label distribution protocol
  • MSTP multiple spanning tree protocol
  • SPB shortest path bridging
  • ISIS intermediate system to intermediate system
  • GMPLS RSVP-TE general multiprotocol label switching; resource reservation protocol - traffic engineering
  • networks can be of small or large size, and often change configuration.
  • the schematic network diagrams therefore, are to be understood as being convenient for illustration of the inventive concept being explained, and not as limiting the networks to which the concept can be applied.
  • FIG. 2 is a simplified block diagram illustrating the management of LDP headers according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • packets enter the network 110, passing through ingress LER 115, then being routed through LSR 120 and LSR 125 before passing out of network 110 through egress LER 130.
  • LSR 120 and LSR 125 are numbered analogously but not identically with the corresponding (but not identical) components of Figure 1.
  • the number of components shown has been chosen for convenience in illustration, actual networks and network segments or subnets may contain more or fewer components.
  • an LSP will be established between the ingress edge router 115 and the egress router 130.
  • ingress router 115 removes the existing MAC header, here designated MAC1 , and replaces it with a new MAC header MAC2.
  • the MAC2 header includes the destination MAC address and a VLAN identifier (not separately shown). The data packet is then forwarded to LSR 120.
  • LSR 120 acts as an Ethernet bridge, using native Ethernet switching based on the destination MAC address and VLAN identifier in the MAC2 header, and forwards the data packet toward egress LER 130, in this case via LSR 125. Note that no label swapping is required. (In some applications (not shown), the VLAN identifier may be changed, but this variation is not preferred.)
  • LSR 125 uses native Ethernet switching based on the same destination MAC address and VLAN identifier in the MAC2 header, and forwards the packet to egress LER 130. Egress LER 130 then removes the MAC2 header, determines where the packet must next be transmitted, and adds an appropriate MAC3 header before forwarding the packet toward its next destination (not shown).
  • FIG. 3 is a flow diagram illustrating the basic steps included in a method 300 of establishing an Ethernet LSP (label switched path) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method 300 of Figure 3 begins when a router, and generally an LSR edge router, distributes (step 305) a label mapping message to each neighbor that is within the same Ethernet network or subnet.
  • the label mapping message includes an Ethernet label that includes (and may include only) a MAC address associated with the router and a VLAN ID. This Ethernet label is bound to an FEC by the label mapping message, the FEC containing at least the IP address associated with the interface on which the label mapping message is distributed. If the router has multiple interfaces, a separate FEC may be formed to include each additional IP address associated with each of additional interfaces. In addition, if the router has loopback interfaces configured, it can distribute them and bind them to one or more MAC addresses.
  • the messages distributed from the router are received (step 310) in each of the neighbor nodes, the FEC is examined to determine (step 315) if the interface from which it received the label mapping message is on the shortest path towards the destination identified in the FEC.
  • This determination is made by each node (which is a bridge in the usual case) separately running a routing protocol on their respective control plane IP interfaces. If the node is for some reason unable to run this protocol successfully (not shown), the method could proceed as if a positive determination had been made, though the benefit of performing the determination may in that case be lost.
  • the determination will be positive. If the determination is negative, that is, the interface is determined not to be on the shortest path, the message may be discarded, and no further action is taken.
  • the MAC address and the VLAN ID in the message are downloaded and stored (step 320) in the receiving node's FDB (forwarding database).
  • the outgoing interface corresponding with this entry is the interface upon which the message was received.
  • the message receiving node In addition to storing the MAC address and VLAN ID into the FDB the message receiving node also stores (step 325), in its ARP (address resolution protocol) cache, the binding of the received host address in the FEC with the MAC address and VLAN ID.
  • the FEC may also include a number of IP address prefixes as well. These may also be stored the ARP cache, although in that case enhanced storage capabilities (that is, data structures) may need to be provided.
  • the receiving node forwards (step 330) the message to each of its neighbors except the one from which the message was received.
  • the process continues with each subsequent node receiving a forwarded message, running a routing protocol, and storing and forwarding the message as appropriate. Note that the entire process may be repeated periodically, when requested by one of the network nodes, or when for some other reason it is determined by the edge router to be necessary. Note also that the method 300 described in reference to Figure 3 is only one embodiment, and that certain method steps may be added, or in some cases removed, without departing from the spirit of the invention.
  • Figures 4a through 4c are a series of simplified block diagrams illustrating an Ethernet LSP setup sequence according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a network 400 having a number of data packet forwarding devices, including at least one edge router.
  • An edge router is a router having an operational IP interface with nodes outside of the network segment.
  • network 400 which may for example be an Ethernet LAN, includes an edge router 405, which is in direct communication with bridge 410 and bridge 415.
  • Bridge 415 is in direct communication with bridges 420, 425 and 430, while bridge 410 is in direct communication only with (aside from edge router 405) bridge 420.
  • the other component relationships of network segment 400 should be apparent from Figures 4a though 4c, and need not be described further, except to note that while each of the components depicted is referred by stating their function in network 400 according to the present invention, some or all of them may also have other functions or interfaces. Their function according to the present invention will now be described.
  • edge router 405 collects a set of the IP addresses of its interfaces (or at least one IP address) in the network segment 400 into an FEC, which will be referred to here as FEC1.
  • Edge router 405 has a MAC address and is associated with a VLAN having a VLAN identifier This MAC address and VLAN identifier will be referred to respectively as MAC1 and VID1 in Figures 4a and 4b.
  • the edge router 405 After collecting the IP addresses into FEC1 , the edge router 405 advertises a label, binding FEC1 to a label including MAC1 and VID1.
  • This advertisement is represented in Figures 4a and 4b by arrows labeled "FEC1/MAC1+VID1", going to the two bridges 410 and 415 with which edge router 405 is in direct communication.
  • the advertising message is received at bridges 410 and 415, they each determine whether the label mapping in the message arrived on the shortest path. If so, each of bridges 410 and 415 populate their respective FDBs with the received information, creating Ethernet connectivity to the MAC1 , VID1 destination. If not, the message may be (but is not necessarily) discarded.
  • any of the bridges depicted in Figures 4a through 4c may have additional capabilities or functions. If one of the bridges, for example bridge 410 or 415, is also an edge router (that is, it has an IP interface), then the FEC1 mapping to MAC1 and VID1 is stored in its ARP cache as well.
  • FIG. 4b The bridges forward the label mapping advertising message FEC1/MAC1+VID1 , as illustrated in Figure 4b. As should be apparent this will cause the message to be received in bridges 420, 425, and 440. Upon receipt, they process and forward (not shown) the message advertising FEC1/MAC+VID1 in the same manner as described above in reference to bridges 410 and 415. The procedure continues until the mapping is propagated through out the network segment 400, at which point a multipoint- to-point LSP is established toward the edge router 405 (as indicated by the broken lines of Figure 4c).
  • Figure 5 is a simplified block diagram illustrating selected components of a network router 500 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the router 500 includes a number of network interfaces, here numbered 501a through 501 n. Each of the network interfaces may have its own MAC address and IP address.
  • the network interfaces 501a through 501 n are each connected with a processor (or controller) 505, which controls their operation.
  • router 500 may act as an edge router, and has a label message generator 510, the label message generator 510 being arranged to generate label mapping messages to advertise the binding of an FEC with a label including a VLAN ID and a MAC address associated with one of interfaces 501a through 501 n.
  • Processor 505 is arranged to send the generated label mapping messages to the network via one of the interfaces.
  • Router 500 is also arranged to receive such messages.
  • Routing protocol function 515 is arranged to determine of a received label mapping message including a label formed of a MAC address and a VLAN was received on an interface representing the shortest path to the destination identified in the label mapping message. (In accordance with an alternate embodiment, routing protocol function 515 may instead or also determine if the node from which the label mapping message was received is closer to the destination than router 500.) An FDB 520 and an ARP cache 525 are provided in router 500 for storing information extracted from a label mapping message as directed by the processor 505 based on the result of determinations made by the routing protocol function 515.
  • a TLV time- length-value encoded object
  • Ethernet Label - a value that identifies the TLV as an Ethernet label (this needs to be allocated, there is no currently exiting designation).
  • Resv - reserved field In some embodiments, for example, this field may contain one or more flags.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un système pour améliorer le rendement d'un routage de paquets dans un réseau à commutation par paquets tel qu'Ethernet. Le procédé établit un trajet à commutation d'étiquettes (LSP) vers un routeur de périphérique de bordure par distribution de messages publicitaires qui comprennent une étiquette formée de l'adresse MAC du routeur périphérique de bordure, et d'un identifiant de réseau local virtuel (VLAN). Lorsque le message publicitaire est reçu au niveau d'un pont Ethernet ou d'un nœud similaire, le nœud télécharge de manière sélective et stocke les informations d'étiquettes dans la base de données, mappées à l'interface sur laquelle le message a été reçu. Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, un routeur Ethernet recevant le message de mappage d'étiquettes comprend un cache de protocole de résolution d'adresse (ARP) amélioré qui est capable de stocker des préfixes IP (Protocole Internet), et le procédé est en outre caractérisé par l'étape de stockage d'un code de correction d'erreurs sans voie de retour (FEC) comprenant des préfixes IP liés aux informations d'étiquettes dans le cache ARP amélioré.
PCT/IB2008/001855 2007-07-20 2008-07-16 Système et procédé pour une distribution d'étiquettes ethernet Ceased WO2009013582A1 (fr)

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US60/950,944 2007-07-20

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Cited By (10)

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WO2009133504A1 (fr) * 2008-05-02 2009-11-05 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) Établissement de trajet efficace dans un réseau en pont de dorsale de fournisseur
WO2011000140A1 (fr) * 2009-06-29 2011-01-06 华为技术有限公司 Procédé, appareil et système permettant d'établir un pseudowire
EP2227879A4 (fr) * 2007-12-31 2011-09-07 Nortel Networks Ltd Remplacement de noeud p de commutation multiprotocole par étiquette (mpls) au moyen d'un réseau ethernet commandé par protocole d'état de liaison
CN102882784A (zh) * 2012-10-16 2013-01-16 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 Spbm中的lsp信息泛洪方法及设备
CN103078800A (zh) * 2013-01-29 2013-05-01 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 Evi网络中的mac地址信息控制方法及边缘设备
CN103095578A (zh) * 2013-01-29 2013-05-08 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 Mpls l3vpn网络中的路由信息控制方法及pe设备
CN103780485A (zh) * 2014-02-17 2014-05-07 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 一种邻居关系维护方法和设备
US9197598B2 (en) 2013-04-19 2015-11-24 Hangzhou H3C Technologies Co., Ltd. MAC address distribution
CN105591911A (zh) * 2015-07-30 2016-05-18 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 一种lsp的生成方法和装置
JP2020043437A (ja) * 2018-09-10 2020-03-19 株式会社明電舎 パケット転送方式、パケット転送方法、中継装置

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EP2698951A1 (fr) * 2007-12-31 2014-02-19 Nortel Networks Limited Remplacement de noeud p de commutation multiprotocole par étiquette (mpls) au moyen d'un réseau ethernet commandé par protocole d'état de liaison
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CN102882784B (zh) * 2012-10-16 2018-03-23 新华三技术有限公司 Spbm中的lsp信息泛洪方法及设备
CN103095578A (zh) * 2013-01-29 2013-05-08 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 Mpls l3vpn网络中的路由信息控制方法及pe设备
CN103078800A (zh) * 2013-01-29 2013-05-01 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 Evi网络中的mac地址信息控制方法及边缘设备
CN103078800B (zh) * 2013-01-29 2015-08-12 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 Evi网络中的mac地址信息控制方法及边缘设备
CN103095578B (zh) * 2013-01-29 2015-09-30 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 Mpls l3vpn网络中的路由信息控制方法及pe设备
US9197598B2 (en) 2013-04-19 2015-11-24 Hangzhou H3C Technologies Co., Ltd. MAC address distribution
CN103780485A (zh) * 2014-02-17 2014-05-07 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 一种邻居关系维护方法和设备
CN105591911A (zh) * 2015-07-30 2016-05-18 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 一种lsp的生成方法和装置
CN105591911B (zh) * 2015-07-30 2019-01-22 新华三技术有限公司 一种lsp的生成方法和装置
JP2020043437A (ja) * 2018-09-10 2020-03-19 株式会社明電舎 パケット転送方式、パケット転送方法、中継装置
JP7063204B2 (ja) 2018-09-10 2022-05-09 株式会社明電舎 パケット転送方式、パケット転送方法、中継装置

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