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WO2009009952A1 - Extrait de rehmannia glutinasa libosch pour réduire la glycémie et la lipidémie, traiter une leucémie, son procédé de préparation et ses utilisations - Google Patents

Extrait de rehmannia glutinasa libosch pour réduire la glycémie et la lipidémie, traiter une leucémie, son procédé de préparation et ses utilisations Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009009952A1
WO2009009952A1 PCT/CN2008/001242 CN2008001242W WO2009009952A1 WO 2009009952 A1 WO2009009952 A1 WO 2009009952A1 CN 2008001242 W CN2008001242 W CN 2008001242W WO 2009009952 A1 WO2009009952 A1 WO 2009009952A1
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Prior art keywords
rehmannia
ethanol
extract
effective
preparation
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English (en)
French (fr)
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Ling Zhang
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Priority to EP08772995.0A priority Critical patent/EP2168588B1/en
Priority to US12/669,340 priority patent/US9089595B2/en
Publication of WO2009009952A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009009952A1/zh
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Priority to US14/809,670 priority patent/US9770479B2/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/80Scrophulariaceae (Figwort family)
    • A61K36/804Rehmannia
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/7042Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings
    • A61K31/7048Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having oxygen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. leucoglucosan, hesperidin, erythromycin, nystatin, digitoxin or digoxin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/06Antihyperlipidemics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/08Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/08Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
    • A61P3/10Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00Antineoplastic agents
    • A61P35/02Antineoplastic agents specific for leukemia
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P7/00Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D15/00Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
    • B01D15/08Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N30/00Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
    • G01N30/02Column chromatography

Definitions

  • Rehmannia extract for lowering blood sugar, lowering blood fat and treating leukemia, preparation method and use thereof
  • the invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine extract and a preparation method thereof, in particular to an effective part of a rehmannia for treating blood diseases such as leukemia, hyperlipemia and hyperglycemia, a preparation and a preparation method thereof.
  • Background technique :
  • Rehmannia glutinosa is a fresh tub of Rehmannia glutinasa Liboschde.
  • Rehmannia glutinosa is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine, and its clinical application is extremely extensive. It is especially good at blood, cooling blood and regulating blood. It is a good medicine in blood. Commonly used in fever tongue, internal heat and thirst, liver and kidney yin deficiency, bone steaming hot flashes embolism.
  • Rehmannia has a wide range of biological activities, which can be applied to immune, endocrine, blood, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular, nervous system and so on.
  • the main component of Rehmannia glutamate contains iridoids such as plant alcohols, sugars, amino acids, and sterols.
  • an iridoid compound such as decyl alcohol is one of the main active components of Rehmannia glutinosa. Due to its similar structure, the polarity is relatively large, it is difficult to separate and extract, and the chemical properties are unstable. It is easy to decompose when exposed to heat. Therefore, in the existing products, there is a lack of a rehmannia alcohol extract which is clear in the main active ingredients, high in content, good in stability, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic. Summary of the invention:
  • the "effective part” of traditional Chinese medicine refers to non-single chemical components extracted from Chinese herbal medicines, natural medicines, and traditional Chinese medicines, such as total flavonoids, total alkaloids, and total extracts.
  • the content of this or several types of chemical components is more than 50% of the total extract, and this or several types of known chemical components are considered to be active ingredients.
  • the "effective part” should require that the chemical form of its overall composition be clear (one or several); the composition and content are defined and stable; one or two of the main active ingredients are clear.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an effective part of Rehmannia glutinosa which has the effects of definitive blood sugar lowering and blood fat lowering and can treat blood diseases such as leukemia, and has the main active ingredients, high content and high stability.
  • the present invention provides an effective part of Rehmannia glutinosa having hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects and capable of treating blood diseases such as leukemia, characterized in that the effective part has a sterol content of not less than 50%. Further, the sterol content is from 90% to 99.8%.
  • the effective part of the rehmannia of the present invention is white crystal and tasteless.
  • the sterol content in the effective fraction of Rehmannia glutinosa of the present invention is 96%.
  • the ground or underground part of fresh ground yellow is extracted with water or ethanol, and the extract is concentrated to obtain an extract; the extract is dissolved in water, filtered, and the filtrate is subjected to a macroporous resin column; first eluted with water to water, and then eluted with a gradient of ethanol; The eluate is concentrated and dried to obtain the effective fraction of the rehmannia of the present invention.
  • the sterol content should not be lower than 50%, and the best sterol content can reach 90% ⁇ 99.8%.
  • the raw material medicinal materials used are extracted from fresh stems and leaves or underground tubers.
  • the extraction solvent can be used with water or ethanol.
  • the macroporous adsorption resin is made of non-polar or weakly polar resin, such as H103, D101, HP10, HP-20, HP-21, AB-8, D101, D201, AB-8. Type, HPD-100, HPD-200, HPD-100A, etc.
  • the eluent was eluted with a gradient of water and ethanol (10-90%). The method is concentrated under reduced pressure and vacuum, and the temperature is controlled at 50-750 °C.
  • the above-mentioned effective fraction of Rehmannia can be prepared into a clinically acceptable dosage form according to a pharmaceutically acceptable preparation method, such as a capsule, a tablet, a granule, a pill, an oral liquid preparation, a dropping pill, a suppository, an injection, and the like.
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable preparation method such as a capsule, a tablet, a granule, a pill, an oral liquid preparation, a dropping pill, a suppository, an injection, and the like.
  • Rehmannia glutinosa is a block of Rhizophorium Rehm annia glutinasa Liboschde. In clinical practice, there are two kinds of rehmannia and rehmannia glutinosa, and their functions and indications are also different. Rehmannia glutinosa is partial to cold, has the effect of clearing heat and cooling blood, nourishing yin and promoting fluid, and rehmannia radix is used for nourishing yin and blood, and replenishing essence. Sterol is one of the main active ingredients in Rehmannia glutinosa, which has the effects of lowering blood sugar, lowering blood fat, diuresis and relieving diarrhea.
  • Fresh radix is harvested and dried under different conditions such as freeze-drying storage, natural dryness, drying or drying, or cooked mature yellow, and the sterol content is reduced to varying degrees.
  • the drying temperature of fresh rehmannia increases and the drying time prolongs, the color of rehmannia continues to deepen and the sterol content decreases continuously.
  • the change in sterol content is not only related to heating.
  • retinoic acid is stored under freezing conditions, its sterol content is also reduced.
  • the raw material medicine is extracted using rehmannia glutinosa
  • the rehmannia glutinosa includes roots, stems, and leaves.
  • Method 1 Take 20g of Radix Rehmanniae var. chinensis, take one part with 10 times of water for 1h, extract 3 times, each time 50mL constant volume; one part is extracted with 10 times 80% ethanol for 1 hour, extract 3 times, each time 50mL The content of sterol was determined by HPLC after 10 times dilution.
  • Test results The water extraction yield was 1.16%, the first extraction was 60%, the 80% ethanol extraction yield was 2.08%, and the first extraction was 78%. Therefore, the alcohol extraction method was used to extract the rehmannia glutinosa. The extraction yield is higher.
  • Method 2 Take 20g rehmannia two, one part is extracted with 8 times water for lh, extract 3 times, each time 50mL constant volume; one part is extracted with 8 times 30% ethanol for 1 hour, extract 3 times, each time 50mL constant volume
  • the sterol content was determined by HPLC after 10 times dilution.
  • the water extraction dry extract yield was 30%, the sterol purity was 95%; the 30% ethanol extraction dry extract yield was 38%, and the sterol purity was 96%. Both solvents can be used to obtain high-purity sterols, but the extraction of rehmannia glutinosa by alcohol extraction is preferred, and the yield of sterol extraction is higher.
  • Non-polar H103, D101, HP10
  • the ruthenium-iridium type resin cannot be used for separating sterol from the extract of Rehmannia glutinosa. Separation of sterol in the extract of Rehmannia glutinosa L., the final product can be used to obtain a decyl alcohol content of 90% C or more. Separate resin: H103, D10K AB-8, HP10, HPD-200, further tested, resin HP-20, HP-21, AB -8, D101 type, D201 type, HPD-100, HPD-100A, etc. can also be used for the above sterol separation. 4. Concentration of ethanol for elution
  • the active component of sterol is adsorbed on the surface of the resin, and the retinoids and other impurities are adsorbed, and free impurities are also present.
  • the sugar and free impurities are eluted with water until the water is removed.
  • the water eluate is detected by HPLC and does not contain sterol. It is indicated that the sterol is still adsorbed on the resin, and the adsorbed sterol is eluted with a gradient of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60% ethanol, and the elution rate is controlled at 0.5-5 ml/cm 2 .
  • the melting point is 207 ⁇ 209 "C, and it decomposes at the same time of melting. 2, identification
  • the chromatographic conditions and system suitability test were carried out using octadecylsilane-bonded silica as a filler; acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid solution (1:99) as the mobile phase; the detection wavelength was 210 nm.
  • the number of theoretical plates should be no less than 3000 based on the peak of sterol.
  • Preparation of reference solution Accurately weigh the appropriate amount of sterol reference substance, add methanol to make a solution containing 0.3mg per 1ml, that is.
  • test solution Take about 0.3g of this product, accurately weighed, placed in a 100 ml volumetric flask, dissolved in decyl alcohol and diluted to the mark, shaken, filtered through a microporous membrane (0.45um), that is .
  • the measurement method accurately extracts 10 ⁇ l of each of the control solution and the test solution, and injects it into a liquid chromatograph to determine.
  • the effective fraction of Rehmannia glutinosa according to the present invention is catechol (Catalpol), the content range is 90% - 99.8%, and the average detection content is 96%.
  • the applicant of the present invention carried out the rehmannia extract of the present invention with several similar rehmannia extracts prepared in the prior art. Includes comparisons of pharmacodynamic experiments.
  • the effective part of the rehmannia of the present invention is represented as A;
  • Positive control drug The total glycoside extract of Rehmannia glutinosa L. disclosed in Chinese Patent Application No. 200410062245 is expressed as
  • Alloxan Produced by SIGMA, USA.
  • mice Male mice were selected, fasting for 6 hours, and 40 mg/kg of alloxan was injected from the tail vein. After 72 hours, mice with blood glucose levels greater than l l.lmol/L were selected as experimental animals.
  • 2.2 Real ⁇ r method
  • the experiment was randomly divided into normal control group, model control group, A low dose group, A middle dose group, A high dose group, and diterpene group, B, C, D, E, F.
  • Blood samples were taken from the inguinal vein before the test was given to the mice, 5 days after the administration, and 1 hour after the administration, and the blood glucose concentration was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • a low dose group 125 22 19.5 18.9 17.5 15.3
  • mice 40 diabetic mice, weighing about 40g, both male and female.
  • the above animals were individually fed in cages, kept at 20-40 °C at room temperature, fed with high fat induced feed, and free to drink. After the animal was fasted for 2 hours, the blood was taken from the tail vein for lOul, and the blood glucose level was measured. The mice with blood glucose ⁇ 8.0 mmol/L were selected.
  • practical insurance methods :
  • the experiment was randomly divided into model control group, A low dose group, A middle dose group, A high dose group, and diterpene group, B, C, D, E, F. Administered by gavage once daily for 15 consecutive days. Blood glucose levels were measured before administration, 5 days, 10 days, and 15 days after administration (fasting for 2 hours). The results are shown in Table 2.
  • a low dose group 125 11 12.71 ⁇ 2.25 10.97 ⁇ 0.66" 11.24 ⁇ 1.99* 9.7 ⁇ 3.12"*
  • hypolipidemic effect of the extract of Rehmannia glutinosa of the present invention was observed during the hypoglycemic test, and blood lipids were also observed to decrease, and had a more significant hypolipidemic effect relative to other control drugs.
  • bcl22, c2myc B cell lymphoma/leukemia 22, cell 2 oncogene family gene protein expression was detected by immunohistochemistry in 8 cases of bone marrow cells before and after treatment.
  • RESULTS The typical apoptotic morphology and DNA ladders were observed in each group.
  • the expression of bcl22 and c2myc protein in bone marrow cells treated with sterol and rehmannia extract was significantly down-regulated.
  • the sterol and rehmannia extract can induce apoptosis in ANLL cells and HL260 cells.
  • the down-regulation or inhibition of bcl22 and c2myc gene expression by sterol may be the pro-apoptotic mechanism.
  • HL260 fine monthly package 4 10.0 ⁇ 0.1 25.3 ⁇ 1. 0 27.0 ⁇ 1.1 30.1 ⁇ 1.2
  • the extract of Rehmannia glutinosa of the present invention is effective for acute non-lymphocytic leukemia and other leukemias, and can be used for the preparation of a medicament for treating leukemia.
  • the acute toxicity test of the effective fraction of Rehmannia glutinosa of the present invention was orally administered at a maximum dose of 35.2 g/kg, and no animal death was observed; the LD50 of intraperitoneal injection was 12.15 to 16.46 g/kg. detailed description:
  • Example 3 The effective part of the rehmannia
  • Example 4 The effective part of the rehmannia glutinosa of the invention is made into a capsule
  • the effective part of the rehmannia according to the invention is directly packed into a clam shell or a kind of commonly used capsule medicinal auxiliary material is added to prepare a capsule.
  • Example 5 The effective part of the invention is made into a tablet
  • the effective part of the invention is combined with one or several common tablet adjuvants (such as starch, dextrin, lactose, powdered sugar, calcium sulfate, microcrystalline cellulose, mannitol, magnesium stearate, gelatin pulp, arabic gum) , methylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, low-substituted hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, povidone, sodium alginate, polyethylene glycol, croscarmellose , sodium carboxymethyl starch, talc, microsilica gel, etc.) are prepared into tablets according to a conventional tablet preparation method.
  • tablet adjuvants such as starch, dextrin, lactose, powdered sugar, calcium sulfate, microcrystalline cellulose, mannitol, magnesium stearate, gelatin pulp, arabic gum
  • methylcellulose sodium carboxymethylcellulose, low-substituted hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, povidone,
  • Example 6 The effective part of the invention is made into granules
  • the granules of the present invention are prepared into granules according to a conventional granule preparation method with one or more conventional granule adjuvants (e.g., sucrose, dextrin, citric acid, sodium citrate, etc.).
  • one or more conventional granule adjuvants e.g., sucrose, dextrin, citric acid, sodium citrate, etc.

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Description

一种降血糖、 降血脂和治疗白血病的地黄提取物及其制备方法和用途
技术领域:
本发明涉及一种中药提取物及其制备方法, 特别是涉及一种用于治 疗血液病如白血病、 高脂血、 高血糖的地黄有效部位、 制剂及其制备方 法。 背景技术:
随着社会经济的发展, 生活方式、 饮食内容发生了巨大变化, 由此 引发疾病谱的显著变化, 慢性非传染性疾病日渐成为危害人们身心健康 的突出问题。 其中高血糖、 高血脂、 白血病呈持续上升趋势。 大量流行 病学研究已证实, 高血脂、 高血压及糖尿病与动脉粥样硬化关系极为密 切。 高血脂、 高血压及高血糖等常常集结出现, 已逐渐成为重要的全球 性健康问题之一。
生地黄为玄参科植物地黄 Rehm annia glutinasa Liboschde.的新鲜块 茎。 地黄为常用中药, 临床应用极为广泛, 尤其擅长补血、 凉血、 调血, 为血中之良药。 常用于热病舌绛、 内热消渴、 肝肾阴虚, 骨蒸潮热等症。 近年来, 国内外对地黄的化学成分及药理作用进行了很多研究。地黄的生 物活性十分广泛, 可作用于免疫、 内分泌、血液、心脑血管、神经系统等。 地黄主要成分含有植物 醇类、 糖类、 氨基酸、 梓醇等环烯醚萜甙类。
本发明申请人经过大量实验和研究发现: 梓醇等环烯醚萜甙化合物 作为地黄的主要有效成分之一, 由于结构近似,极性较大, 较难分离、 提 取, 而且化学性质不稳定, 遇热易分解。 因此, 现有产品中缺乏一种主 要有效成分明确, 含量高、 稳定性好、 降血糖和降血脂药效明确的地黄 梓醇提取物。 发明内容:
在药物领域中, 中药的 "有效部位"是指中药材、 天然药物、 中药复 方中提取的非单一化学成分, 如总黄酮、 总生物碱、 总提取物等。 这一类 或几类化学成分的含量达到总提取物的 50% 以上, 而且这一类或几类已 知化学成分被认为是有效成分。 "有效部位"应要求其整体构成的化学类 型是明确的 (一种或几种); 组成和含量是限定的和稳定的; 其中 1 ~ 2种 主要有效成分是清楚的。
本发明的目的在于提供一种具有明确降血糖、 降血脂功效并且能治 疗血液病如白血病的地黄有效部位, 其主要有效成分明确, 含量高, 稳 定性高。
本发明的目的还在于提供一种制备该地黄有效部位的方法, 所述方 法相对于现有技术中的方法具有操作简便、 可靠、 重复性好等优点, 且 适合于大规模工业生产的特点。
本发明的目的还在于提供由该地黄有效部位制成的各种剂型的药 物。
具体地说, 本发明是通过如下技术方案实现的:
本发明提供了一种具有降血糖、 降血脂功效并且能治疗血液病如白 血病的地黄有效部位, 其特征在于该有效部位中, 梓醇含量不得低于 50%。 更进一步的, 梓醇含量为 90 % ~ 99.8 %。 本发明地黄有效部位为白 色晶体, 无味。
更优选地是本发明地黄有效部位中, 梓醇含量为 96 %。
本发明的地黄有效部位是通过下述方法制备的:
将鲜地黄地上或地下部分用水或乙醇提取, 提取液浓缩得浸膏; 将 浸膏加水溶解, 过滤, 滤液上大孔树脂柱; 先用水洗脱至水清, 再用乙 醇梯度洗脱; 回收洗脱液, 浓缩干燥, 即得本发明地黄有效部位。 其中, 梓醇含量不得低于 50%, 最佳梓醇含量可达 90 % ~ 99.8 %。 在本发明中, 所用原料药材选用鲜地黄地上茎叶或地下块茎进行提 取。 提取溶剂用水或乙醇均可, 大孔吸附树脂选用非极性或弱极性树脂, 如 H103、 D101、 HP10、 HP-20、 HP-21、 AB-8, D101 型、 D201 型、 AB-8型、 HPD-100、 HPD-200, HPD-100A等。洗脱剂用水、乙醇( 10-90% ) 梯度洗脱。 采用减压真空浓缩干燥方法, 温度控制在 50-750°C。
将鲜地黄切片, 用 20% -50%乙醇提取, 提取温度 60- 80°C, 提取 时间 2-5小时; 回收乙醇, 浓缩至无醇味, 得浸膏; 将以上浸膏溶解到 4-6倍药材重量水中, 过滤, 滤液上大孔树脂柱; 树脂用量为药材重量 1-3倍; 先用水洗脱至水清, 再用 10% -40%乙醇洗脱, 乙醇用量为药 材的 30- 50倍; 回收乙醇洗脱液, 浓缩, 干燥, 即得地黄有效部位, 其 中梓醇含量为 90 % - 99.8 %。
本发明地黄有效部位的最佳制备方法为:
将鲜地黄切成 lcm左右小片, 用 30%乙醇提取, 提取温度 75°C, 提 取时间 3小时; 回收乙醇, 浓缩至无醇味, 得浸膏; 将以上浸膏溶解到 5 倍药材重量水中, 过滤, 滤液上 H103大孔树脂柱; 树脂用量为药材重量 2倍; 先用水洗脱至水清, 再以 20%乙醇洗脱, 20%乙醇用量为药材的 40倍; 回收乙醇洗脱液, 浓缩, 干燥, 干燥温度为 60°C, 即得地黄有效 部位, 其中梓醇含量为 96%。
上述地黄有效部位可以按照药剂学上常规的制剂方法制成临床上可 接受的剂型, 如胶嚢剂、 片剂、 颗粒剂、 丸剂、 口服液体制剂、 滴丸、 栓剂、 注射剂等等。
提取工艺的研究
一、 原料药的选择
地黄为玄参科植物地黄 Rehm annia glutinasa Liboschde的块才艮。在临 床中常分生地黄和熟地黄两种, 其功能主治也有所不同。 生地黄偏于寒, 具有清热凉血, 养阴生津之功效, 熟地黄则用于滋阴补血, 益精填髓。 梓醇为地黄中的主要有效成分之一, 具有降血糖、 降血脂、 利尿及緩和 泻下等药效作用。
我们经过实验发现: 鲜地黄采收后经过冷冻干燥贮藏、 自然阴干、 晒干或者烘干等不同条件干燥后,或者炮制成熟地黄,梓醇含量均有不同 程度的降低。 随着鲜地黄干燥温度增高, 干燥时间的延长, 地黄的颜色 不断加深, 梓醇含量不断降低。 但梓醇含量的变化并非只与加热有关, 鲜地黄在冷冻条件下保存时, 其梓醇的含量也会有所降低。
因此, 在本发明中, 原料药选用生地黄进行提取, 生地黄包括根、 茎、 叶全草。
二、 提取条件的筛选
1、 提取溶剂的确定
方法一:取 20g生地黄药材两份,一份用 10倍水提取 lh,提取 3次, 每次 50mL定容;一份用 10倍 80%乙醇提取 1小时,提取 3次,每次 50mL 定容, 10倍稀释后 HPLC法测定梓醇含量。
检测结果: 水提取得率为 1.16%, 第一次提取出 60%, 80%乙醇提取 得率为 2.08%, 第一次提取出 78%, 所以选择醇提法对生地黄进行提取, 梓醇提取得率更高。
方法二: 取 20g生地黄两份, 一份用 8倍水提取 lh, 提取 3次, 每 次 50mL定容; 一份用 8倍 30%乙醇提取 1小时, 提取 3次, 每次 50mL 定容, 10倍稀释后 HPLC法测定梓醇含量。
检测结果: 水提干浸膏得率为 30%, 梓醇纯度 95%; 30%乙醇提干 浸膏取得率为 38%, 梓醇纯度 96%。 两种溶剂提取均能获得高纯度梓醇, 但选择醇提法对生地黄进行提取, 梓醇提取得率更高
2、 提取用乙醇的浓度、 提取时间 因素水平表
Figure imgf000006_0002
正交试验表及结果
Figure imgf000006_0001
结论: 由上表可知, 因素 B对试验结果影响最大, 以后依次为 A、 C, 8,提取效果最好, 宜选择 B A3提取效果最好, 宜选择 A3, 提取效 果最好, 宜选择 C,。 综上所述,故确定地黄最佳提取工艺条件为 AsBiC 即醇提温度 75°C , 提取时间 3小时, 乙醇浓度 30 %为最佳提取条件。 但 其它浓度乙醇或溶剂也能提取该地黄有效部位, 只是效果不佳。
3、 树脂的选择
非极性: H103、 D101、 HP10
极性: ΝΚΑ-Π
弱极性: ΑΒ8
为了分离上述提取液中的有效成分一梓醇, 选用了 H103、 D101、 ΗΡ10、 ΝΚΑ- Π、 ΑΒ-8几种树脂, 提取液经过上述树脂分别考察其对梓 醇的吸附能力及洗脱率。 取一定体积的各型号树脂分别放入树脂柱内, 再取一定量地黄提取液, 分别流过上述树脂柱。 接受留存液, 并测量其 梓醇含量 。 以此来考查各型号树脂对梓醇的吸附能力, L,越小, 表明 该树脂对提取液中的梓醇具有较强的吸附能力; 反之, 该树脂不能有效 吸附梓醇。 吸附后, 对有较好吸附率的树脂用同一洗脱方法洗脱, 测定 洗脱液中梓醇的含量 L2, L2越高, 洗脱效果越好。 具体试验结果见下表: 树脂试验数据表
Figure imgf000007_0001
由以上试验结果可以看出, ΝΚΑ-Π型树脂不能用于从地黄提取液中 分离梓醇。 分离地黄提取液中梓醇, 终产物达到梓醇含量 90%C以上的 可用分离树脂: H103、 D10K AB-8型、 HP10、 HPD-200经进一步试验, 树脂 HP-20、 HP-21、 AB-8、 D101型、 D201型、 HPD-100、 HPD-100A 等也可用来做上述梓醇分离。 4、 洗脱用乙醇的浓度
药液经 H103大孔树脂过滤后, 在树脂表面吸附着梓醇有效成分, 也 有地黄糖类及其它杂质被吸附, 同时也有游离杂质。 先用水洗脱糖类及 游离杂质, 至水清止, 水洗脱液经 HPLC法检测, 不含梓醇。 说明梓醇 仍吸附在树脂上, 再以 10%、 20 %、 30%、 40%、 50%、 60%乙醇梯度洗 脱被吸附的梓醇, 洗脱速度控制在 0.5-5ml/cm2.min, 经检测 40%以上乙 醇洗脱液中不含梓醇, 说明梓醇在乙醇中易被分解。 经检测 20%乙醇洗 脱液中梓醇得率、 纯度最佳, 所以选用 20 %乙醇洗脱, 用量为药材的 40 倍。 乙醇洗脱溶液浓缩、 减压干燥, 即得。
5、 干燥方法和温度的选择
为了考察本发明地黄有效部位中主要有效成分梓醇的热稳定性, 按 国家药品高温试验条件进行了有效部位干燥样品的高温试验:
温试验
Figure imgf000008_0001
做了 30%乙醇连续 5h提取的实验, 提取液中梓醇的含量逐渐上升, 未见 有下降。 在浓缩干燥时发现, 95°C供干和 60°C真空烘干对样品中梓醇的 含量影响较大。 95°C烘干后, 梓醇的含量降为原来的 8 ~ 12%; 60°C真空 烘干, 梓醇的含量为原来的 90 ~ 98%。 表明梓醇在溶剂中提取时比较稳 定, 但是在浓缩干燥时需注意, 温度不宜过高。
本发明地黄有效部位的鉴别和含量测定
1、 性状
为白色至微黄色结晶性粉末; 气香, 味微甜。
在水和曱醇中易溶, 在乙醇和丙酮中溶解, 在乙醚中不溶。
熔点为 207 ~ 209 "C, 熔融时同时分解。 2、 鉴别
1 )在含量测定项下记录的色谱图中, 供试品溶液主峰的保留时间与 对照品溶液主峰的保留时间一致。
2 )红外吸收图傅与对照的图谱一致。
3、 含量测定 照高效液相色谱法(中国药典 2005年版一部附录 VI D )测定。
色谱条件与系统适用性试验以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂; 以 乙腈 -0.1%磷酸溶液(1 :99 ) 为流动相; 检测波长为 210nm。 理论板数按 梓醇峰计算应不低于 3000。
对照品溶液的制备 精密称取梓醇对照品适量, 加甲醇制成每 1ml 含 0.3mg的溶液, 即得。
供试品溶液的制备 取本品约 0.3g,精密称定, 置 100 ml容量瓶中 , 加曱醇溶解并稀释至刻度, 摇匀, 用微孔滤膜(0.45um ) 滤过, 即得。
测定法 分别精密吸取对照溶液与供试品溶液各 10μ1, 注入液相色 语仪, 测定, 即得。
结论: 本发明地黄有效部位以梓醇(Catalpol )计, 含量范围为 90 % - 99.8 % , 平均检测含量为 96 %。
药效学实验资料
为突出显示本发明地黄有效部位的优点和进步性以及与现有类似 产品的不同, 本发明申请人将本发明地黄有效部位与现有技术中制得的 几种相类似的地黄提取物进行了包括药效学实验在内的比较。
1 实验材料
1.1 药品
受试药: .、
本发明地黄有效部位表示为 A;
阳性对照药: 中国专利申请号 200410062245 公开的地黄茎叶总苷提取物表示为
B;
《医药导报》 2003年 10月第 22卷第 10期"生地黄中环烯醚萜苷类 的纯化分离工艺 "公开的方法所获得的地黄提取物表示为 C;
《中国中药杂志》 2004年 6月第 29卷第 6期"地黄中梓醇的分离纯 化工艺探索"公开的方法所获得的地黄提取物表示为 D;
《中药材》 2003年 3月第 26卷第 3期"大孔吸附树脂分离纯化生地 黄中苷类与糖类"公开的方法所获得的地黄提取物 (生地黄环烯萜苷类 的黑褐色粉末)表示为 E;
《时珍国医国药》 2000年第 11卷第 4期"鲜地黄中梓醇提取工艺,,公 开的方法所获得的地黄提取物表示为 F;
二曱双胍: 正安制药天津有限公司
四氧嘧啶: 美国 SIGMA公司生产。
葡萄糖测定试剂盒: 北京信德生物制品研究所
1.2 主要仪器
CHEM 300 半自动生化分析仪 ( Germany )
GT - 1640 京都血糖仪 ( Arkray )
1.3 动物
昆明种小白鼠, 雄性, 体重 25 - 28g。
饲养条件: 动物饲养在本院医学实验动物房(二级)实验室, 空气 定时排风, 室温控制在 20-24°C。 试验开始前, 观察动物进食、 活动及粪 便等一周, 选择正常的动物进入试验。
2 实验方法及结果
2.1四氧嘧啶所致高糖模型小鼠的制备:
选择雄性小鼠, 空腹 6 小时, 由尾静脉注射四氧嘧啶 60mg/kg, 72 小时后, 选择血糖值大于 l l.lmol/L的小鼠作为实验动物分组。 2.2 实^ r方法:
实验随机分成正常对照组、 模型对照组、 A小剂量组、 A中剂量组、 A大剂量组、 二曱双胍组, B, C, D, E, F。 灌胃给药, 连续 15天。 于 末次给药后 16小时禁食 8小时。 分别于小鼠给受试药前、 给药后 5天、 10天、 15天后 1小时, 腹股沟静脉取血, 测定血糖浓度, 结果见表 1。
表 1地黄有效部位 /提取物对四氧嘧啶所致高血糖小鼠的降糖作用 给药剂量 鼠数 血糖值 ( mmol/L )
0天
(mg/Kg) (只) 5天 10天 15天 正常对照组 22 5.5 6.4 6.4 5.8 模型对照组 22 19.6ΔΔ 24.3ΔΔ 24.9ΔΔ 21.3ΔΔ
A小剂量组 125 22 19.5 18.9 17.5 15.3
A中剂量组 250 22 19.7 15.2 12.8** 9.2*
A大剂量组 500 22 20.0 14.2 11.9*' 8.7**
B 250 22 20.1 18.7 16.4 15.9
C 250 22 19.8 19.1 15.7 14.8
D 250 22 19.6 18.2 17.2 15.6
E 250 22 19.8 18.6 16.1 14.9
F 250 22 20.5 19.9 16.3 14.6 二甲双胍组 500 22 19.7 12.5** 13.2 14.0 与模型对照组相比 ** Ρ<0.01 * Ρ< 0.05 与正常对照组相比 △△ Ρ<0.01
2.3 Π型糖尿病小鼠模型的制备:
ΚΚ糖尿病小鼠 40只, 体重 40g左右, 雌雄兼用。 上述动物分别放 在笼中单个喂养, 室温保持于 20 - 40°C, 喂以高脂肪的诱发饲料, 自由 饮水。 动物禁食不禁水 2h后, 尾静脉取血 lOul, 测定其血糖值, 选取血 糖值≥8.0 mmol/L的小鼠。 2.4实险方法:
实验随机分成模型对照组、 A小剂量组、 A中剂量组、 A大剂量组、 二曱双胍组, B, C, D, E, F。 灌胃给药, 每天一次, 连续 15天。 分别 于给药前、 给药后 5天、 10天、 15天后 1小时测定血糖值(禁食不禁水 2小时), 结果见表 2
表 2地黄有效部位提取物 /对自发性高血糖 KK小鼠血糖的影响
剂量 m 血糖值 (mmol/L )
药物
(mg kg ) (只) 0天 5天 10天 15天 对照 0.2m]/kg 11 13.40±2.53 14.58±2.95 15.92±3.90 15.35i4.66
A小剂量组 125 11 12.71±2.25 10.97±0.66" 11.24士 1.99* 9.7 ±3.12"*
A中剂量组 250 12 13.11士 4.81 9.96tl.78** 8.12±3.75** 6.33±2.39**
500 12 13.05±5.01 9.60±229** 7.25±1.35*** 5.12H.93
B 250 12 13.89±3.11 11.01±2.19 10.13±1.95 9.15±3.18
C 250 12 12.89±2.99 10.96t4.097 10.54±2.10 8.97±5.03
D 250 12 14.11±322 12.13±2.73 10.35±1.97 9.11土 3.23
E 250 12 13.54i3.65 11.75士 2.29 9.43士 210 9.01±3.72
F 250 12 14.13±2.17 12.13±4.21 10.09^.41 8.9ft±6.57 二曱 500 11 13.36±2.85 11.16t3.19 薦 ±2.1广 8.84±4.5广* 注: 与模型组比较: *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001
3 实验结果
3.1 四氧嘧吱模型对照组与正常对照组相比, 有显著性差异,说明造 模成功。 阳性药二曱双胍组、 A中剂量组与模型对照组比较, 5天后空腹 血糖均明显降低(P<0.01 ), 大、 中剂量组与模型对照组比较, 10天后空 腹血糖明显降低(P<0.01 ), 在整个的给药期间, 二曱双胍组降中有升, 而 A大剂量组、 A中剂量组均呈持续下降的趋势。结果提示 A大剂量组、 A 中剂量组有较好的降糖作用, 且具有良好的量效关系; 并且通过实验 过程以及实验数据可以观察到 A大剂量组、 A中剂量组相对于 B , C, D, E , F具有显著的降低血糖的作用。
3.2 KK小鼠模型对照组与阳性药二甲双胍组、 A大, 中, 小三个剂 量组比较, 给药 5天后空腹血糖均明显降低(P<0.01 ), 大、 中剂量组与 模型对照组, B , C , D, E, F比较, 10天后空腹血糖明显降低(P<0.01 ), 15天后 A大剂量组、 A中剂量组空腹血糖明显降低 ( PO.01 )。 结果提示 A大剂量组和 A中剂量组具有相对于其它对照药物更显著的降糖作用。
3.3 本发明地黄提取物的降血脂作用在降糖试验过程中通过观察可 发现血脂也出现降低, 并且相对于其他的对照药物具有更加显著的降血 脂作用。
梓醇及地黄提取物诱导急性非淋巴细胞性白血病细胞凋亡的实验研究 为了表明梓醇及本发明地黄提取物诱导白血病细胞凋亡的作用及机 制。 以 15例急性非淋巴细胞性白血病 (ANLL)患者骨髓及 HL260细胞与 梓醇及共同培养 24 h , 应用细胞形态学、 DNA凝胶电泳、 DNA片段百分 率测定等方法观察以上处理对白血病细胞凋亡的影响; 对其中 8例处理 前后的骨髓细胞用免疫组化法进行 bcl22、 c2myc (B细胞淋巴瘤 /白血病 22 、 细胞 2癌基因家族)基因蛋白表达检测。 结果: 处理各组均见典型 凋亡形态和 DNA梯状带, 对照组无, 梓醇及地黄提取物处理后的骨髓细 胞 bcl22、 c2myc基因蛋白表达明显下调。
结论:梓醇及地黄提取物可诱导 ANLL细胞和 HL260细胞发生凋亡; 梓醇对 bcl22、 c2myc基因蛋白表达的下调或抑制可能是其促凋亡机制之 梓醇处理 24 h后 DNA片段百分率
组别 n对照 HHT( 10 - 7mol-L" 1 Ara2c ( Ι Ομ^πιΓ ') PL (2(^g'ml - ') HA ANLL 细胞 15 24.2±4.3 38.1±5.1 40. 1±8.2 39.5±7.9 46.2 ±6.4 HL260 细月包 4 10.2±0.2 26. 1±1·2 28.2±1.4 30. 3 ±1.2
34.3 ±1.6
提取物处理 24h后 DNA片段百分率
组别 n对照 HHT(10 - 7mol-L" ') Ara2c (li^g'ml - l) PL (2(^g'ml " x) HA ANI 细月包 15 22.1 ±3.8 36.2 ±5.0 39.7±7.9 37.3 ±7.9
45.2士 5.8
HL260 细月包 4 10.0±0.1 25.3±1. 0 27.0 ±1.1 30.1 ±1.2
33.1 ±1.4
注: 各处理组与对照组比较均 P < 0.05, 各处理组之间比较 P > 0.05 。
上述结果表明本发明地黄提取物对急性非淋巴细胞性白血病及其他 白血病有效, 可用于制备治疗白血病的药物。
本发明地黄有效部位的安全性
经过动物毒理实验发现:
本发明地黄有效部位急性毒性试验口服最大给药量 35.2g/kg, 未见动 物死亡; 腹腔注射给药 LD50为 12.15 ~ 16.46g/kg。 具体实施方式:
下列各实施例为本发明的优选实施方式, 但并不局限于此。
实施例 1 本发明地黄有效部位
将鲜地黄切成 lcm左右小片, 用 28 %乙醇提取, 提取温度 72°C, 提 取时间 3小时; 回收乙醇, 浓缩至无醇味, 得浸膏; 将以上浸膏溶解到 5 倍药材重量水中, 过滤, 滤液上 H103大孔树脂柱; 树脂用量为药材重量 2倍; 先用水洗脱至水清, 再以 20 %乙醇洗脱, 20 %乙醇用量为药材的 40倍; 回收乙醇洗脱液, 浓缩, 干燥, 干燥温度为 55°C , 即得地黄有效 部位, 其中梓醇含量为 94.8 %。
实施例 2 本发明地黄有效部位
将鲜地黄切成 l cm左右小片, 用 30 %乙醇提取, 提取温度 75°C, 提 取时间 3小时; 回收乙醇, 浓缩至无醇味, 得浸膏; 将以上浸膏溶解到 5 倍药材重量水中, 过滤, 滤液上 H103大孔树脂柱; 树脂用量为药材重量 2倍; 先用水洗脱至水清, 再以 20 %乙醇洗脱, 20 %乙醇用量为药材的 40倍; 回收乙醇洗脱液, 浓缩, 干燥, 干燥温度为 60°C, 即得地黄有效 部位, 其中梓醇含量为 96 %。
实施例 3 本发明地黄有效部位
将鲜地黄切成 lcm左右小片, 用 45 %乙醇提取, 提取温度 80°C, 提 取时间 2.5小时; 回收乙醇, 浓缩至无醇味, 得浸膏; 将以上浸膏溶解到 7倍药材重量水中, 过滤, 滤液上 H103大孔树脂柱; 树脂用量为药材重 量 3倍; 先用水洗脱至水清, 再以 20 %乙醇洗脱, 20 %乙醇用量为药材 的 50倍; 回收乙醇洗脱液, 浓缩, 干燥, 干燥温度为 75°C , 即得地黄有 效部位, 其中梓醇含量为 93.8 %。
实施例 4 本发明地黄有效部位制成胶嚢剂
将本发明地黄有效部位直接装胶嚢壳或加入一种或几种常用胶嚢药 学辅料制成胶嚢剂。
实施例 5 本发明地黄有效部位制成片剂
将本发明地黄有效部位与一种或几种常用片剂辅料(如淀粉、 糊精、 乳糖、 糖粉、 硫酸钙、 微晶纤维素、 甘露醇、 硬脂酸镁、 明胶浆、 阿拉 伯胶浆、 甲基纤维素、 羧甲基纤维素钠、 低取代羟丙基纤维素、 羟丙基 甲基纤维素、 聚维酮、 海藻酸钠、 聚乙二醇、 交联羧曱基纤维素那、 羧 曱基淀粉钠、 滑石粉、 微粉硅胶等)按照常规片剂制备方法制成片剂。
实施例 6 本发明地黄有效部位制成颗粒剂
将本发明地黄有效部位与一种或几种常用颗粒剂辅料(如蔗糖、 糊 精、 枸橼酸、 柠檬酸钠等)按照常规颗粒剂制备方法制成颗粒剂。

Claims

权利要求
1. 一种具有降血糖、 降血脂功效的地黄有效部位, 其特征在于该地 黄有效部位中, 梓醇含量大于等于 50 %。
2. —种具有降血糖、 降血脂功效的地黄有效部位, 其特征在于该地 黄有效部位中, 梓醇含量为 90 % ~ 99.8 %。
3. 如权利要求 2所述的具有降血糖、 降血脂功效的地黄有效部位, 其特征在于该地黄有效部位中, 梓醇含量为 96 %。
4. 如权利要求 2所述的具有降血糖、 降血脂功效的地黄有效部位, 其特征在于该地黄有效部位为白色晶体, 无味, 其中梓醇含量为 96 %。
5. 权利要求 2或 3或 4所述的地黄有效部位的含量测定方法, 其特 征在于采用 HPLC方法, 以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂; 以 1 : 99 的乙腈 -0.1%磷酸溶液为流动相; 检测波长为 210nm, 理论板数按梓醇峰 计算应不低于 3000。
6. 一种具有降血糖、 降血脂功效的地黄制剂, 其特征在于: 将权利 要求 1或 2或 3或 4所述的地黄有效部位加入药剂学常用辅料制成药物 制剂。
7. 如权利要求 6所述的地黄制剂, 其特征在于该制剂为片剂、 胶嚢 剂、 颗粒剂或丸剂。
8. 如权利要求 1所述的地黄有效部位的制备方法, 其特征在于: 将 鲜地黄地上或地下部分用水或乙醇提取, 提取液浓缩得浸膏; 将浸膏加 水溶解, 过滤, 滤液上大孔树脂柱; 先用水洗脱至水清, 再用乙醇梯度 洗脱; 回收洗脱液, 浓缩干燥, 即得地黄有效部位, 其中, 梓醇含量不 得低于 50%。
9. 如权利要求 8所述的地黄有效部位的制备方法, 其特征在于: 所 用原料药材选用鲜地黄地上茎叶或地下块茎进行提取, 提取溶剂用水或 乙醇均可, 大孔吸附树脂选用非极性或弱极性树脂 H103、 D101、 HPIO: HP-20、 HP-2U AB-8, D101型、 D201型、 AB-8型、 HPD-100、 HPD-200 或 HPD-100A, 洗脱剂用水、 10-90%乙醇梯度洗脱, 采用减压真空浓缩 干燥方法, 温度控制在 50-70°C。
10. 如权利要求 2或 3或 4所述的具有降血糖、降血脂功效的地黄有 效部位的制备方法, 其特征在于: 将鲜地黄切片, 用 20% -50%乙醇提 取,提取温度 60-80°C,提取时间 2-5小时; 回收乙醇, 浓缩至无醇味, 得浸膏; 将以上浸膏溶解到 4- 6倍药材重量水中, 过滤, 滤液上大孔树 脂柱; 树脂用量为药材重量 1 -3倍; 先用水洗脱至水清, 再用 10% -40 %乙醇洗脱, 乙醇用量为药材的 30- 50倍; 回收乙醇洗脱液, 浓缩, 干 燥,干燥温度为 50- 70°C即得地黄有效部位,其中梓醇含量为 90% ~99.8 %。
11. 如权利要求 2或 3或 4所述的具有降血糖、降血脂功效的地黄有 效部位的制备方法, 其特征在于: 将鲜地黄切成 lcm左右小片, 用 30% 乙醇提取, 提取温度 75°C, 提取时间 3小时; 回收乙醇, 浓缩至无醇味, 得浸膏; 将以上浸膏溶解到 5倍药材重量水中, 过滤, 滤液上 H103大孔 树脂柱; 树脂用量为药材重量 2倍; 先用水洗脱至水清, 再以 20%乙醇 洗脱, 20%乙醇用量为药材的 40倍; 回收乙醇洗脱液, 浓缩, 干燥, 干 燥温度为 60°C, 即得地黄有效部位, 其中梓醇含量为 96%。
12. 权利要求 1、 2或 3或 4所述的地黄有效部位在制备降血糖和 / 或降血脂的药物中的应用。
13. 权利要求 1、 2或 3或 4所述的地黄有效部位在制备治疗糖尿病 和 /或高脂血症的药物中的应用。
14. 如权利要求 1、 2或 3或 4所述的地黄有效部位在制备治疗血液 病的药物中的应用。
15. 如权利要求 1、 2或 3或 4所述的地黄有效部位在制备治疗白血病的 药物中的应用。
PCT/CN2008/001242 2007-07-18 2008-06-27 Extrait de rehmannia glutinasa libosch pour réduire la glycémie et la lipidémie, traiter une leucémie, son procédé de préparation et ses utilisations Ceased WO2009009952A1 (fr)

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EP2168588B1 (en) 2016-03-02
CN101099789A (zh) 2008-01-09
US20150328273A1 (en) 2015-11-19
US20100197618A1 (en) 2010-08-05
US9770479B2 (en) 2017-09-26
US9089595B2 (en) 2015-07-28
CN100475243C (zh) 2009-04-08
EP2168588A4 (en) 2011-07-06

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