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WO2009009368A2 - Ensemble échangeur de chaleur et procédé - Google Patents

Ensemble échangeur de chaleur et procédé Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2009009368A2
WO2009009368A2 PCT/US2008/069010 US2008069010W WO2009009368A2 WO 2009009368 A2 WO2009009368 A2 WO 2009009368A2 US 2008069010 W US2008069010 W US 2008069010W WO 2009009368 A2 WO2009009368 A2 WO 2009009368A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat
heat exchanger
tube
heat exchange
section
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2008/069010
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2009009368A3 (fr
Inventor
Sven L. Tjernagel
Original Assignee
Stss Co, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Stss Co, Inc. filed Critical Stss Co, Inc.
Priority to US12/665,745 priority Critical patent/US20100319890A1/en
Publication of WO2009009368A2 publication Critical patent/WO2009009368A2/fr
Publication of WO2009009368A3 publication Critical patent/WO2009009368A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
    • F28D7/024—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled the conduits of only one medium being helically coiled tubes, the coils having a cylindrical configuration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/06—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material
    • F28F21/062—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material the heat-exchange apparatus employing tubular conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/26—Arrangements for connecting different sections of heat-exchange elements, e.g. of radiators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to heat exchange assemblies, particularly assemblies used to transfer heat to and from a water tank.
  • Heat exchange assemblies are commonly used to heat water and then extract heat from the water .
  • Solar energy systems include a solar heat exchanger that heats a liquid that is flowed through a heat exchange assembly positioned in a large body of water in an insulated tank.
  • the solar heated water flows through the heat exchange assembly to heat the water in the tank.
  • Heated water stores solar energy that may be extracted from the heated water by the heat exchange assembly to heat liquid flowing through the assembly.
  • the heated liquid may be used to heat domestic hot water, to heat the interior of a building or otherwise.
  • a heat exchange liquid flows though a vertically coiled tube immersed in the water.
  • the coiled tube is vertically positioned in the tank. As the heat exchange liquid in the tube is flowed through the coiled tube, thermal energy is exchanged between the heat exchange liquid in the tube and the water in the tank.
  • the water in the tank is thermally stratified so that hotter water rises to the top of the tank and cooler water falls to the bottom of the tank.
  • Tubes in traditional heat exchangers are made entirely of a heat conducting metal tubing, such as copper tubing. This makes the tubes expensive to produce due to raw material and manufacturing costs. Specialized machines are needed to wind a full metal coil and time and skilled workmanship is needed to weld supports to the metal coil to hold its spiral shape. Traditional coils are heavy, increasing transportation costs and installation difficulty.
  • the two-part coil of the invention should weigh less than a conventional heat- exchanger coil to lower transportation costs and simplify installation .
  • the invention is an improved heat exchange assembly to heat a heat storage liquid maintained in an insulated tank and to extract heat from the heat storage liquid.
  • the assembly includes a heat exchanger made up of an elongate coiled tube having an upper heat exchanger section made from metal which may be copper tubing and a lower heat exchanger section made from a coil of plastic material having a lower coefficient of thermal conductivity that the upper heat exchanger section which may be cross-linked high-density polyethylene (PEX) tubing.
  • PEX high-density polyethylene
  • a heat exchange liquid conventionally water, is heated by solar energy, combustion or electricity is flowed into the top of the heat exchanger and then down along the length of the copper and the PEX tubing.
  • the heat storage liquid at the top of the tank is heated by conduction through the upper heat exchanger section made of copper tubing.
  • the heat storage liquid at the lower portion of the tank is heated by conduction through the lower coil section of PEX tubing in the lower portion of the tank.
  • a connector joins the upper and lower coil sections together. Heat is extracted from the tank by reversing the flow through the coil .
  • PEX tubing is slightly less efficient at conducting heat than copper tubing at the operating temperature of the heat exchanger, but is much cheaper and lighter than copper tubing. PEX tubing can be hand coiled quickly without the need for an expensive winding machine. The smaller amount of copper can be wound in a few minutes. PEX tubing is manufactured as straight pipe and is easily coiled. A frame or cage surrounds the PEX tubing coil to force the PEX tubing coil to maintain its cylindrical, vertical spiral shape . The ability to reduce the amount of copper in a heat exchanger greatly reduces the cost of the heat exchanger while providing nearly identical functionality.
  • the mixture of copper and PEX tubing reduces the weight of the heat exchanger, reducing the cost of transportation and simplifying the installation procedure.
  • Another advantage of the disclosed heat exchanger over an exchanger made entirely of non-metal or PEX tubing is that the combination of metal and non-metal tubing allows the exchanger to better absorb heat spikes that occur when heating cycles begin and end. Such heat spikes would damage a heat exchanger made only of non-metal or PEX tubing. Heat energy that would damage PEX tubing is safely transferred by the copper tubing to the liquid held in the tank without damage.
  • the use of copper and PEX also improves the low temperature transfer characteristics of the heat exchanger.
  • Fig. 1 is a cut-away perspective view of the heat exchange assembly
  • Fig. 2 is a side view of the heat exchanger and frame
  • Fig. 3 is a top view of the heat exchanger and frame
  • Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view of the Fig. 2 heat exchanger
  • Fig. 5 is a detail view of the PEX/Copper tubing connector
  • Fig. 6 is a representational view of an installed heat exchange assembly. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
  • Heat exchange assembly 10 includes heat exchanger 12 installed in tank 14.
  • Tank 14 may be a conventional insulated water tank having a lid 16 and a brace 18.
  • Brace 18 supports lid 16 when the lid is placed on the tank. Brace 18 extends upward from tank bottom 20 to tank top 22. Drain 24 is located at tank bottom 20 to allow draining tank 14.
  • Heat exchanger 12 is made up of an elongate coiled tube 26 extending generally axially from exchanger top 28 to exchanger bottom 30.
  • Tube 26 forms a number of circular coiled loops 32 that extend from exchanger top 28 to exchanger bottom 30.
  • Tube first end 34 is located at exchanger top 28 and includes a fitting 36.
  • Fitting 36 may be a conventional female pipe threading.
  • the bottom coiled loop 32 of tube 26 is joined to vertical output line 38.
  • Output line 38 extends up through the center of the exchanger beyond exchanger top 28 to a tube second end 40.
  • Tube second end 40 includes a fitting 42 which may be conventional female pipe threading.
  • Upper heat exchange section 44 is formed from loops 32 at exchanger top 28.
  • Lower heat exchange section 46 is formed from loops 32 at exchanger bottom 30.
  • Connector 48 joins upper heat exchange section 44 to lower heat exchange section 46.
  • Upper heat exchange section 44 is preferably made of a heat conducting metal or metal alloy such as copper and lower heat exchanger section 46 is preferably made of heat conducting non-metal tubing such as coiled cross-linked high-density polyethylene (PEX) .
  • the copper and PEX tubing may be 7/8 inch diameter tubing.
  • the upper heat exchange section 44 extends 20% of the axial height of heat exchanger 12 and the lower heat exchange section 46 extends 80% of the axial height of heat exchanger 12.
  • the ratio of section 44 metal tubing axial height to section 46 non-metal tubing axial height may be varied to suit particular liquid heating applications.
  • Heat exchanger 12 may be constructed so that loops 32 are about 21 inches in diameter and the heat exchanger is about 42 inches in height.
  • Upper coil section 44 extends generally downward from exchanger top 28 to connector 48.
  • connector 48 is made of a solder connector 50 joined to section 44 and crimp connector 52 joined to section 46.
  • Lower heat exchanger section 46 extends generally downward from connector 48 to exchanger bottom 30.
  • Heat exchanger 12 may include a frame or cage 62.
  • Frame 62 rests on tank bottom 20 and includes frame base 64.
  • Outer frame arms 66 extend upwardly from base 64 around the exterior of exchanger 12 and are joined to frame top 68.
  • Inner frame arms 70 are located within loops 32 and are joined to outer frame arms 66 by fasteners 72.
  • Outer frame arms 66 and inner frame arms 70 surround lower heat exchanger section 46 and may be formed from heat conducting metal tubing identical to the tubing of upper heat exchanger section 44.
  • Frame 62 maintains the shape of coils 32 in lower heat exchanger section 46.
  • fame 62 may only extend around lower heat exchanger section 46.
  • Frame 62 may include only one set of frame arms 66 or 70 and include stainless steel or Monel brand stainless metal alloy fasteners to secure portions of heat exchanger section 46 to frame 52 to maintain the shape of coils 32.
  • Frame 62 may be made of metal tubing and incorporated into upper heat exchanger section 44.
  • heat exchanger assembly 10 The operation of heat exchanger assembly 10 will now be described.
  • Tank 14 is filled with heat storage liquid 60. Heat is transferred to and from liquid 60 through heat exchanger 12. Heat rises in liquid 60 so that liquid at the top of tank 12 is hotter than liquid at he bottom of the tank.
  • heat exchange liquid 58 is heated outside of tank 12 by solar energy, combustion, electricity or other means and flowed through line 54 and into heat exchanger 12 through first end 34. Heat exchange liquid 58 is flowed into upper heat exchanger section 44. Liquid 58 proceeds to flow downward though loops 32 to heat exchanger section 46. Heat storage liquid 60 at the top of tank 14 is heated by conduction through upper heat exchanger section 44 of copper tubing in the upper portion of the tank. Heat storage liquid 60 at the lower portion of tank 14 is heated by conduction though lower heat exchanger section 46 of PEX tubing in the lower portion of the tank. Heat exchange liquid 58 then exits heat exchanger 12 though second end 40 and out of the tank though line 56.
  • Liquid 58 may be flowed into and out or heat exchanger 12 by use of a conventional water pump.
  • FIG. 6 shows a representational view of an installed heat exchange assembly 10.
  • Heat exchange liquid 58 is heated by, solar, oil or other conventional heating device 74 and flowed by pump 76 though open valve 78 into tube first end 34 of heat exchanger 12 to transmit heat into heat storage liquid 60 as describe above. Heat exchange liquid 58 is then flowed out of heat exchanger 12 though tube second end 40.
  • heat exchange liquid 58 then flows though open valve 80 and back to heating device 74 for reheating.
  • valves 78 and 80 are closed and valves 82 and 84 opened.
  • Pump 86 is activated and heat exchange liquid 58 is flowed though heat exchanger 12 to extract heat from heat storage liquid 60 as describe above.
  • Heat exchange liquid 58 flows though a radiator 88 to transmit heat from heat exchange liquid 58 for a desired application. Heat exchange liquid 58 is then flowed to heat exchanger 12 to regain heat.
  • valves 82 and 84 are closed and valves 78 and 80 are opened to allow heater 74 to flow heat into heat storage liquid 60.
  • a heat exchanger as described having a height of 41 inches and a diameter of 21 inches weighs 43 pounds.
  • a conventional heat exchanger of the same size made entirely of copper tubing weighs 89 pounds.
  • the improved heat exchanger weights 51.7% less then the all copper heat exchanger .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Transformer Cooling (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un ensemble échangeur de chaleur du type qui a une bobine cylindrique dans un réservoir isolé, l'ensemble ayant différentes sections d'échange de chaleur ayant des conductivités thermiques différentes.
PCT/US2008/069010 2007-07-06 2008-07-02 Ensemble échangeur de chaleur et procédé WO2009009368A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/665,745 US20100319890A1 (en) 2007-07-06 2008-07-02 Heat Exchange Assembly and Method

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US94827107P 2007-07-06 2007-07-06
US60/948,271 2007-07-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009009368A2 true WO2009009368A2 (fr) 2009-01-15
WO2009009368A3 WO2009009368A3 (fr) 2009-03-05

Family

ID=40229416

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2008/069010 WO2009009368A2 (fr) 2007-07-06 2008-07-02 Ensemble échangeur de chaleur et procédé

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US20100319890A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009009368A2 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107543429A (zh) * 2016-06-29 2018-01-05 承德石油高等专科学校 一种新型混水器的混水结构
DE102017124711A1 (de) * 2017-10-23 2019-04-25 Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Luftkühler

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NZ592183A (en) * 2008-12-24 2013-07-26 Dux Mfg Ltd A water heater comprising a tank and a heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchanger has a first and second part, the second part being encased in a hollow cylinder which creates an insulative air gap
US8430155B2 (en) * 2009-06-10 2013-04-30 Thomas GOCZE Modular insulated water tank
US9897385B2 (en) 2015-02-20 2018-02-20 Therma-Stor LLC Helical coil heating apparatus and method of operation

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3154926A (en) * 1962-09-25 1964-11-03 Max L Hirschhorn Cooling blanket
CH477666A (de) * 1966-04-01 1969-08-31 Sulzer Ag Wärmeübertrager
US4054980A (en) * 1972-04-20 1977-10-25 Square S.A. Process for manufacturing modular elements and a tube nest for heat exchangers
US4088184A (en) * 1976-03-10 1978-05-09 General Atomic Company Tube support and protection system for helical coil heat exchangers
US4143816A (en) * 1976-05-17 1979-03-13 Skadeland David A Fireplace heating system
US5320163A (en) * 1993-01-19 1994-06-14 Stoodley John T Portable, immersible heat exchanger apparatus
GB9513133D0 (en) * 1995-06-28 1995-08-30 Glynwed Tubes & Fittings Fluid to fluid heat exchanger coil and containment vessel
JPH0972679A (ja) * 1995-09-07 1997-03-18 Miura Co Ltd 渦巻式熱交換器
US5838879A (en) * 1995-12-27 1998-11-17 Howard Harris Builders, Inc. Continuously cleaned pressureless water heater with immersed copper fluid coil
JPH10148484A (ja) * 1996-11-18 1998-06-02 Fujikura Ltd プラスチックヒートパイプ
US7401743B2 (en) * 2005-04-25 2008-07-22 Slant/Fin Corporation Holding bracket for hot-water baseboard
US20060260789A1 (en) * 2005-05-18 2006-11-23 Yasuaki Nakagawa Heat exchange unit and heat exchanger using the heat exchange unit
US7975479B2 (en) * 2007-04-30 2011-07-12 Caterpillar Inc. Bi-material corrosive resistant heat exchanger

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107543429A (zh) * 2016-06-29 2018-01-05 承德石油高等专科学校 一种新型混水器的混水结构
CN107543429B (zh) * 2016-06-29 2020-05-15 承德石油高等专科学校 一种新型混水器的混水结构
DE102017124711A1 (de) * 2017-10-23 2019-04-25 Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Luftkühler

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2009009368A3 (fr) 2009-03-05
US20100319890A1 (en) 2010-12-23

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