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WO2009000181A1 - Method for acquiring traversal resource, peer to peer node and peer to peer system - Google Patents

Method for acquiring traversal resource, peer to peer node and peer to peer system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009000181A1
WO2009000181A1 PCT/CN2008/071016 CN2008071016W WO2009000181A1 WO 2009000181 A1 WO2009000181 A1 WO 2009000181A1 CN 2008071016 W CN2008071016 W CN 2008071016W WO 2009000181 A1 WO2009000181 A1 WO 2009000181A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
peer
address translation
network address
resource
network node
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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PCT/CN2008/071016
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Xingfeng Jiang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to EP08748622A priority Critical patent/EP2161881B1/en
Priority to ES08748622T priority patent/ES2381782T3/es
Priority to PL08748622T priority patent/PL2161881T3/pl
Priority to AT08748622T priority patent/ATE546943T1/de
Publication of WO2009000181A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009000181A1/zh
Priority to US12/645,299 priority patent/US8601140B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/104—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H04L61/09—Mapping addresses
    • H04L61/25—Mapping addresses of the same type
    • H04L61/2503—Translation of Internet protocol [IP] addresses
    • H04L61/256—NAT traversal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H04L61/09—Mapping addresses
    • H04L61/25—Mapping addresses of the same type
    • H04L61/2503—Translation of Internet protocol [IP] addresses
    • H04L61/256—NAT traversal
    • H04L61/2575—NAT traversal using address mapping retrieval, e.g. simple traversal of user datagram protocol through session traversal utilities for NAT [STUN]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and more particularly to methods for acquiring traversing resources, peer-to-peer network nodes, and systems.
  • NAT Network Address Translation
  • IPv4 Internet Protocol 4
  • Peer To Peer (P2P) technology makes full use of the capabilities of each node in the network to provide services to each other.
  • NAT allows packets sent from external hosts that have been communicated with the internal host to enter the internal network, and may discard packets sent by external hosts that have not communicated with the internal host.
  • each peer network node (Peer) It is possible to assume the role of the server. Other Peers will initiate a resource collection request to the internal host acting as the peer. The NAT may discard the information sent by the Peer of the external network.
  • the internal host can have the following three types of addresses: Host Candidate, which is the interface address of the internal host; Server Reflexive Candidate, The address is the address assigned to the internal host by the NAT; the Relay Candidate is the address assigned to the internal host by the TURN (Troveral Using Relays around NAT) server.
  • NAT traversal means that the internal host of the NAT establishes communication with the external host.
  • a NAT traversal resource is an entity that provides NAT traversal related services.
  • the P2P forwards the message according to a certain routing policy.
  • the routing process refers to the message being forwarded according to the key value on the overlay network.
  • the Peer that forwards the message is called the intermediate peer, and the destination of the message is called the destination peer.
  • a generic service discovery mechanism is obtained to obtain a NAT traversal resource.
  • P2P use The Hash algorithm calculates the key value of the NAT traversal resource, and stores the Peer that can provide the NAT traversal resource under the key value.
  • the P2P sends a message for finding the NAT traversal resource to the P2P.
  • Crossing the key value of the resource, and finding the Peer responsible for the key value, the Peer responsible for the key value sends the NAT service resource under the key value to the first peer, thereby obtaining the NAT traversal resource.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a method for acquiring traversing resources, a peer-to-peer network node, and a system, so as to obtain a network address translation traversal resource in the routing process.
  • a method for obtaining a network address translation traversing resource including:
  • the peer network entity generates a message carrying a collection network address translation traversal resource request, and sends the message carrying the collection network address translation traversal resource request to the destination peer network node;
  • the intermediate peer to peer network node and the destination peer to peer network node send the collected network address translation traversal resources to the first peer to peer network node.
  • a method for obtaining a network address translation traversing resource includes:
  • the intermediate peer network node receives the traversal service capability information of the other peer network nodes through the network address translation issued by the table and/or the neighbor table;
  • the intermediate peer network node obtains a network address translation traversal resource according to the network address translation traversal service capability information.
  • a peer-to-peer network node including:
  • a message receiving unit configured to receive a message carrying a collection network address translation traversal resource request
  • a traversing resource collection unit configured to receive, by the message receiving unit, a carrier collection network address translation Collecting network address translation traversal resources when traversing resource request messages
  • a traversing resource sending unit configured to send the network address translation traversal resource collected by the traversing resource collecting unit.
  • a peer-to-peer network system including:
  • a peer network entity configured to generate and send the message carrying the collection network address translation traversal resource request
  • the intermediate peer-to-peer network node is configured to receive a message that is sent by the peer network entity to carry a collection network address translation traversal resource request, collect a network address translation traversal resource, and send the collected network address translation traversal resource to the first And a pair of network nodes, and when determining that the received destination of the message carrying the collection network address translation traversal resource request is not itself, forwarding the received message carrying the collection network address translation traversal resource request;
  • the destination peer network node is configured to receive a message that is sent by the first peer network node to carry a collection network address translation traversal resource request, collect a network address translation traversal resource, and send the collected network address translation traversal resource to The first peer to peer network node.
  • the peer network entity generates a message carrying a request for collecting a network address translation traversal resource, and sends a message carrying the network address translation traversal resource request to the destination peer network node;
  • the intermediate peer network node receives the message carrying the network address translation traversal resource request, collects the network address translation traversal resource, and sends the collected network address translation traversal resource to the first peer network node.
  • the message carrying the collection network address translation traversal resource request is transmitted on the peer-to-peer network by means of routing, may pass through several intermediate peer-to-peer network nodes before reaching the destination peer-to-peer network node; the intermediate peer-to-peer network node of the technical solution may collect The network address translation traverses the resource, and the network address translation traversing the resource is sent to the first peer network node, thereby obtaining the network address translation traversal resource in the routing process, and reducing the workload of the destination peer network node.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for acquiring a NAT traversal resource according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a peer-to-peer network system according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 1 Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a flowchart of a method for obtaining a NAT traversal resource according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Step 101 The first Peer generates a message carrying a request for collecting a NAT traversal resource, and sends a message carrying a request for collecting a NAT traversal resource to the destination Peer.
  • the above message is a message that is routed and forwarded according to the key value on the overlay network, and may be a storage resource message (Put) or a resource message (Get).
  • an existing message is extended to carry a request for collecting a NAT traversal resource.
  • NAT traversal resources include STUN (UDP Simple Traversal of UDP Through Network Address Translators, STUN) server and relay mode traversal NAT (traversal using Relay Network Address Translation, TURN), more than 4 peers can Provides the functions of the STU server/TURN server, which can act as a NAT traversal resource.
  • STUN UDP Simple Traversal of UDP Through Network Address Translators, STUN
  • TURN Relay Network Address Translation
  • Step 102 The intermediate peer receives the message that collects the NAT traversal resource request, and when the message carries the request for collecting the NAT traversal resource, collects the NAT traversal resource and sends the NAT traversal resource to the first peer.
  • the intermediate peer and the destination peer are for carrying a message for collecting a NAT traversal resource request, and the peer that forwards the message is called an intermediate peer, and the destination of the message is called a destination peer.
  • the first Peer and the destination Peer refer to a specific Peer. Before the message arrives at the destination Peer, the Peer may pass through a number of Peers. The Peer refers to a Peer that forwards the message.
  • the peer that can provide the NAT traversal service capability can inform the other peers of the ability to provide the NAT traversal service through the routing table and/or the neighbor table, so that the intermediate peer can pass the routing table and/or the neighbor.
  • Table to collect NAT traversal resources It can be understood that the intermediate Peer itself can also be a NAT traversal resource.
  • the intermediate peer can send the collected NAT traversal resources to the first peer through the response, or send the collected NAT traversal resources to the first peer through the destination peer.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • This embodiment is based on the first embodiment.
  • an iterative routing mode is used in the routing process to forward a message carrying a request for collecting a NAT traversal resource.
  • the message carrying the NAT traversal resource request may pass through several intermediate peers. After the intermediate peer receives the message carrying the NAT traversal resource request, the intermediate peer is used because of the iterative routing mode. The next hop Peer information of the message is obtained, the NAT traversal resource is collected, and the collected NAT traversal resource and the next hop Peer information are sent back to the first peer by the response mode.
  • the destination Peer receives the message of collecting the NAT traversal resource request, processes the message itself, and further collects the NAT traversal resource, and sends the collected NAT traversal resource and the processing result of the information to the first peer through the response mode.
  • Embodiment 3 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 3
  • This embodiment is based on the first embodiment.
  • the recursive routing mode is used in the routing process to forward a message carrying a request for collecting a NAT traversal resource.
  • the message carrying the NAT traversal resource request may pass through multiple intermediate peers. After the intermediate peer receives the message carrying the NAT traversal resource request, the intermediate peer collects the NAT traversal resource and adds the collected NAT traversal resource to the message. In the message, the message carrying the NAT traversal resource request and the NAT traversal resource is sent to the destination peer, and the collected NAT traversal resource is sent to the first peer by the destination peer.
  • the information sent by the first Peer to the destination peer to collect the NAT traversal resources may reach several destination peers before it reaches the destination Peer.
  • the Peer receives the message of collecting the NAT traversal resource request and the NAT traversal resource, processes the message itself, and further collects the NAT traversal resource, and sends the collected NAT traversal resource and the NAT traversal resource carried in the message to the first Peer.
  • a resource collection of NAT traversal resources may be established in a message carrying a request for collecting NAT traversal resources.
  • the intermediate peer adds the collected NAT traversal resource to the message
  • the collected NAT traversal resource is first compared with the resource set in the message. If the collected NAT traversal resource does not exist in the resource set, the collected NAT traversal resource is added. In the resource collection, if the collected NAT traversal resource already exists in the resource collection, the NAT traversal resource is not added.
  • the destination peer receives the message carrying the resource set, it first compares the collected NAT traversal resource with the resource set in the message. If the collected NAT traversal resource does not exist in the resource set, the collected NAT traversal resource is added to the resource. In the set, if the collected NAT traversal resource already exists in the resource set, the NAT traversal resource is not added; the destination peer sends the resource set to the first peer.
  • Embodiment 4 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 4:
  • This embodiment is based on the second embodiment or the third embodiment.
  • This embodiment describes a P2P application that uses the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP).
  • SIP Session Initiation Protocol
  • the Peer and the peer network client (Client) are defined as two network entities.
  • the Peer constitutes an overlay network and provides routing and storage services.
  • the client searches for resources and storage resources from the overlay network through its associated peer.
  • the client sends a message carrying the request for acquiring the NAT traversal resource to the first peer associated with it.
  • the first Peer collects the NAT traversal resource, adds the collected NAT traversal resource to the temporary resource table, and generates a request for collecting the NAT traversal resource according to the message sent by the peer network client that carries the NAT traversal resource request.
  • the message sends a message carrying the request for collecting NAT traversal resources to the destination peer.
  • the intermediate peer and the destination peer send the NAT traversal resource to the first peer.
  • the first Peer adds the received NAT traversal resource to the temporary resource table and sends the temporary resource table to the peer network client.
  • the peer can interact with the client associated with it to learn whether the client associated with it has the NAT traversal capability, and the client with the NAT traversal capability is used as the NAT traversal resource.
  • the peer may use the join overlay network message (Join) to carry the request for collecting the NAT traversal resource, or may use the Get message or the Put message to carry the request for collecting the NAT traversal resource.
  • the client does not need to join the overlay network.
  • the Join message cannot be used to carry the NAT traversal resource request.
  • the Get message or the Put message can be used to carry the collection NAT traversal resource request.
  • Embodiment 5 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 5:
  • a first peer to peer network node configured to generate a message carrying a collection network address translation traversal resource request, and send a message carrying a collection network address translation traversal resource request; and an intermediate peer network node, configured to receive the first peer network node to send Carrying the message of collecting the network address translation traversal resource request, collecting the network address translation traversal resource, transmitting the collected network address traversal resource to the first peer network node, and determining the purpose of receiving the message carrying the collected network address translation traversal resource request If the location is not itself, the forwarded and received message carrying the collection network address translation traversal resource request is received; the destination peer network node is configured to receive the message that is sent by the first peer network node to carry the collection network address translation traversal resource request, and collect the network address.
  • the traversal resource is converted, and the collected network address translation traversal resource is sent to the first peer network node.
  • the first peer network node sends a message carrying the collection network address translation traversal resource request. Specifically, the first peer network node sends a message carrying the collection network address translation traversal resource request to the destination peer network node.
  • the intermediate peer network node may include:
  • a message receiving unit configured to receive a message carrying a network address translation traversal resource request, and a traversing resource collection unit, configured to receive a network address translation traversal resource when the message receiving unit receives the message carrying the network address translation traversal resource request;
  • a traversing resource sending unit configured to send a network address translation traversal resource collected by the resource collecting unit
  • a message forwarding unit configured to determine, by the message receiving unit, a message that carries the collected network address translation traversal resource request received by the message receiving unit when the destination of the message carrying the collection network address translation traversal resource request received by the message receiving unit is not itself.
  • the foregoing collection network address translation traversal resource may be, through the routing table and/or the neighbor table collection network address translation traversal resource. That is, the traversing resource collection unit may include: a module that collects network address translation traversal resources through a routing table; and/or a module that collects network address translation traversal resources through a neighbor table.
  • the above message may be a message that is superimposed on the network and forwarded according to the key value.
  • the intermediate peer-to-peer network node may send the collected network address translation traversal resources to the first pair of network nodes in the following two ways:
  • the intermediate peer network node may send the collected network address translation and cross-peer resources back to the first peer network node by using a response manner;
  • the intermediate peer network node adds the collected network address translation traversal resource to the message, and sends the carrying network address to the destination peer network node. Transmitting the traversal resource request and the network address translation traversal resource message, and transmitting the collected network address traversal resource to the first peer network node through the destination peer network node.
  • the intermediate peer network node may also forward the collected network address traversal resource to the first peer network node by using the response mode.
  • the destination peer network node receives the bearer collection network address After the traversal resource request and the network address translation traversal resource message are collected, the network address translation traversal resource is collected, and the collected network address translation traversal resource and the network address translation traversal resource carried in the message are sent to the first peer network node.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a peer-to-peer network system according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • the peer-to-peer network in this embodiment includes: a peer-to-peer network client 201, configured to send a message carrying a network address translation traversal resource request; and a first peer-to-peer network node 202, configured to receive the bearer sent by the peer network client 201 Obtaining a network address translation traversal resource request message, collecting network address translation traversal resources, adding the collected network address translation traversal resource to the temporary resource table, and generating a collection network address translation traversal according to the message carrying the network address translation traversal resource request
  • the resource request message is sent with a message for collecting a network address translation traversal resource request; the intermediate peer network node 203 is configured to receive a message that is sent by the first peer network node 202 to carry a collection network address translation traversal resource request, and collect the network address.
  • the resource is sent to the first peer to peer network node 202.
  • the first peer network node 202 sends a message carrying the collection network address translation traversal resource request. Specifically, the first peer network node 202 sends a message carrying the collection network address translation traversal resource request to the destination peer network node 204.
  • the first peer-to-peer network node 202 receives the network address translation traversal resource sent by the intermediate peer-to-peer network node 203 and the destination peer-to-peer network node 204, and adds the received network address translation traversal resource to the temporary resource table,
  • the temporary resource table is sent to the peer network client 201.
  • the foregoing collecting network address translation traversal resources may be: collecting network address translation traversal resources through a routing table and/or a neighbor table.
  • the above message may be: A message that is routed and forwarded according to a key value on the overlay network.
  • the foregoing intermediate peer-to-peer network node 203 may send the collected network address translation traversal resources to the first peer-to-peer network node 202 in the following two manners:
  • the intermediate peer network node 203 can send the collected network address traversal resource to the first peer network node 202 by means of a response;
  • the intermediate peer network node 203 adds the collected network address translation traversal resource to the message, and sends the bearer collection to the destination peer network node 204.
  • the network address translation traversal resource request and the network address translation traversal resource message are sent to the first peer network node 202 by the destination peer network node 204 to the collected network address translation traversal resource.
  • the destination peer network node 204 receives the message carrying the collection network address translation traversal resource request and the network address translation traversal resource, collects the network address translation traversal resource, and converts the collected network address into the resource and The network address translation traversal resource carried in the message is sent to the first peer network node 202.
  • the first peer to peer network node 202 generates a message carrying a network address translation traversal resource request, and sends a collection network address translation traversal resource to the destination peer network node 204.
  • the requested message; the intermediate peer network node 203 receives the message carrying the collection network address translation traversal resource request, collects the network address translation traversal resource, and transmits the collected network address translation traversal resource to the first peer network node 202.
  • the technical solution may pass the intermediate peer-to-peer
  • the network node 203 obtains the network address translation traversal resource, thereby obtaining the network address translation traversal resource in the routing process, and reducing the workload of the destination peer network node.
  • the embodiment of the present invention it is not required to construct a message specifically for sending and collecting network address translation traversal resource requests, but to extend the existing overlay network according to the key value for routing and forwarding.
  • the message in this type of message, "extra" carries the collection network address translation traversal resource request, because there are many messages on the overlay network that are routed according to the key value, so that the message can be extended according to the actual environment selection, and the flexibility of the implementation of the scheme is increased.
  • the peer network node receives and carries Collecting network address translation traversal resource request messages, not through key values, but through network routing and/or neighbor table collection network address translation traversal resources, because the routing table and/or neighbor table collection network address translation traversal resources are scattered Sex, which can improve the efficiency of obtaining resources across.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Description

获取穿越资源的方法、 对等网络节点和系统
本申请要求于 2007 年 6 月 27 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 200710122704.6、 发明名称为"获取穿越资源的方法、 对等网络节点和对等网 络"的中国专利申请的优先权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及通信领域， 尤其涉及获取穿越资源的方法、对等网络节点和系 统。
背景技术
网络地址转换 (Network Address Translation , NAT)广泛应用于互联网 ( Internet )中。 NAT技术用于内部网络和外部网络（一般指 Internet )的隔离， 可以给内部网络提供安全保护， 还可以解决 IPv4 (第四版因特网协议）地址 不足的问题。 对 NAT而言， 在 NAT 内部网络的主机称为内部主机， 在 NAT 外部网络的主机称为外部主机。
对等网络（Peer To Peer, P2P )技术充分利用网络中各个节点的能力， 互 相提供服务。 NAT 允许与内部主机已经通信过的外部主机发送的报文进入内 部网络， 而可能丟弃没有与内部主机通信过的外部主机发送的报文， 而在 P2P 中， 每一个对等网络节点（Peer )都可能承担服务器的角色， 其它 Peer将会向 作为 Peer的内部主机发起搜集资源请求， NAT可能会丟弃外部网络的 Peer发 送的信息。 为解决这个问题， 在包含 NAT的 P2P中， 内部主机可以有以下三 类地址： 主机备选地址（ Host Candidate ), 该地址为内部主机的接口地址； 服 务器反射备选地址（ Server Reflexive Candidate ), 该地址为 NAT分配给内部主 机的地址； 中继备选地址（ Relay Candidate ),该地址为 TURN ( Traversal Using Relays around NAT )服务器分配给内部主机的地址。 外部主机获取该三类地址 后 , 就可以通过 P2P技术与内部主机进行通信。 NAT穿越指 NAT的内部主机 与外部主机建立通信。 NAT穿越资源指提供 NAT穿越相关服务的实体。 P2P 根据一定的路由策略转发消息， 路由过程指消息在叠加网络（Overlay )上根 据键值进行路由转发， 转发消息的 Peer称为中间 Peer, 消息的目的地称为目 的 Peer。
现有技术中， 釆取通用的服务发现机制获取 NAT穿越资源。 P2P 利 用 Hash算法计算出 NAT穿越资源的键值， 将可以提供 NAT穿越资源的 Peer存 储在该键值下； 当第一 Peer需要查找 NAT穿越资源的时候， 向 P2P发送查找 NAT穿越资源的消息， 通过 NAT穿越资源的键值， 找到负责该键值的 Peer, 负责该键值的 Peer将该键值下的 NAT服务资源发送给第一 Peer, 从而实现获 取 NAT穿越资源。
在对现有技术的研究和实践过程中， 发明人发现现有技术存在以下问题： P2P中 Peer的数目很多， 很大部分的 Peer为 NAT的内部主机， 为与其它 Peer 进行 P2P通信， 这些内部主机将会发出查找 NAT穿越资源的消息， 由于这些 消息都向负责 NAT穿越资源的键值的 Peer发送， 该 Peer承担的工作量很大， 可能导致查找失败。
发明内容
本发明实施例要解决的技术问题是提供获取穿越资源的方法、对等网络节 点和系统， 以实现在路由过程中获取网络地址转换穿越资源。
为解决上述技术问题， 本发明实施例是通过以下技术方案实现的： 一种获取网络地址转换穿越资源的方法， 包括：
对等网络实体产生携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息，并向目的 对等网络节点发送所述携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息；
接收到所述携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息的中间对等网络 节点和目的对等网络节点收集网络地址转换穿越资源；
所述中间对等网络节点和所述目的对等网络节点把收集的网络地址转换 穿越资源发送给第一对等网络节点。
一种获取网络地址转换穿越资源的方法， 包括：
中间对等网络节点接收其它对等网络节点通过由表和 /或邻居表发布的网 络地址转换穿越服务能力信息；
所述中间对等网络节点根据所述网络地址转换穿越服务能力信息获取网 络地址转换穿越资源。
一种对等网络节点， 包括：
消息接收单元， 用于接收携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息； 穿越资源收集单元，用于所述消息接收单元接收到携带收集网络地址转换 穿越资源请求的消息时， 收集网络地址转换穿越资源；
穿越资源发送单元，用于发送所述穿越资源收集单元收集的网络地址转换 穿越资源。
一种对等网络系统， 包括：
对等网络实体，用于产生并发送所述携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求 的消息；
中间对等网络节点，用于接收所述对等网络实体发送的携带收集网络地址 转换穿越资源请求的消息， 收集网络地址转换穿越资源，把所述收集的网络地 址转换穿越资源发送给所述第一对等网络节点，并在确定所述接收的携带收集 网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息的目的地不是自身时，转发所述接收的携带 收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息；
目的对等网络节点，用于接收所述第一对等网络节点发送的携带收集网络 地址转换穿越资源请求的消息， 收集网络地址转换穿越资源， 并把所述收集的 网络地址转换穿越资源发送给所述第一对等网络节点。
从以上的技术方案可以看出，在本发明实施例中，对等网络实体产生携带 收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息，向目的对等网络节点发送携带收集网 络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息；中间对等网络节点接收携带收集网络地址转 换穿越资源请求的消息， 收集网络地址转换穿越资源，把收集的网络地址转换 穿越资源发送给第一对等网络节点。因为携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求 的消息是通过路由方式在对等网络传输的，在到达目的对等网络节点前可能经 过若干个中间对等网络节点；本技术方案中间对等网络节点可以收集网络地址 转换穿越资源， 并将网络地址转换穿越资源发送给第一对等网络节点，从而实 现在路由过程中获取网络地址转换穿越资源， 减轻目的对等网络节点的工作 量。
附图说明
图 1为本发明实施例一的获取 NAT穿越资源方法流程图；
图 2为本发明实施例六的对等网络系统示意图。
具体实施方式
实施例一： 请参考图 1 , 为本发明实施例一的获取 NAT穿越资源方法流程图。
步骤 101. 第一 Peer产生携带收集 NAT穿越资源请求的消息，向目的 Peer 发送携带收集 NAT穿越资源请求的消息。
上述消息为叠加网络上根据键值进行路由转发的消息，可以为存储资源消 息 ( Put )或查找资源消息 （Get )。 本实施例对已有消息进行扩展， 使其携带 收集 NAT穿越资源请求。
上述 NAT穿越资源包括 STUN ( UDP简单穿越 NAT, Simple Traversal of UDP Through Network Address Translators, STUN )服务器和中继方式穿越 NAT ( Traversal Using Relay Network Address Translation, TURN )月良务器 , 4艮多 Peer 能够提供 STU 服务器 /TURN服务器的功能，这些 Peer可以作为 NAT穿越资 源。
步骤 102. 中间 Peer接收携带收集 NAT穿越资源请求的消息，发现消息中携 带有收集 NAT穿越资源请求时， 收集 NAT穿越资源， 把 NAT穿越资源发送给 第一 Peer。
在本实施例中， 中间 Peer和目的 Peer是针对携带收集 NAT穿越资源请求的 消息而言的， 转发该消息的 Peer称为中间 Peer, 该消息的目的地称为目的 Peer。 第一 Peer和目的 Peer指的是一个特定的 Peer,消息到达目的 Peer之前可能经过若 干个中间 Peer, 中间 Peer指转发消息的一类 Peer。
在本实施例中， 能够提供 NAT穿越服务能力的 Peer可以通过路由表和 / 或邻居表的方式， 将自身提供 NAT穿越服务的能力告诉其它 Peer, 这样， 中 间 Peer可以通过路由表和 /或邻居表来收集 NAT穿越资源。可以理解的是， 中 间 Peer自身也可以成为 NAT穿越资源。
中间 Peer可以通过应答方式把收集的 NAT穿越资源回送给第一 Peer, 也 可以通过目的 Peer把收集的 NAT穿越资源发送给第一 Peer。
实施例二：
本实施例以实施例一为基础，本实施例在路由过程中使用迭代路由方式转 发携带收集 NAT穿越资源请求的消息。
携带收集 NAT穿越资源请求的消息可能会经过若干中间 Peer, 中间 Peer 接收携带收集 NAT穿越资源请求的消息后，因为使用迭代路由方式，中间 Peer 将获取该消息的下一跳 Peer信息， 收集 NAT穿越资源， 通过应答方式把收集 的 NAT穿越资源和下一跳 Peer信息回送给第一 Peer。
目的 Peer接收携带收集 NAT穿越资源请求的消息，处理消息本身的任务， 进一步收集 NAT穿越资源，通过应答方式把收集的 NAT穿越资源和该信息的 处理结果回送给第一 Peer。
实施例三：
本实施例以实施例一为基础，本实施例在路由过程中使用递归路由方式转 发携带收集 NAT穿越资源请求的消息。
携带收集 NAT穿越资源请求的消息可能会经过多个中间 Peer, 中间 Peer 接收携带收集 NAT穿越资源请求的消息后，因为使用递归路由方式，中间 Peer 收集 NAT穿越资源， 把收集的 NAT穿越资源添加到消息中， 向目的 Peer发 送携带收集 NAT穿越资源请求和 NAT穿越资源的消息， 通过目的 Peer把收 集的 NAT穿越资源发送给第一 Peer。
第一 Peer向目的 Peer发送的携带收集 NAT穿越资源的信息到达目的 Peer 前， 可能会经过若干个中间 Peer。 目的 Peer接收携带收集 NAT穿越资源请求 和 NAT穿越资源的消息， 处理消息本身的任务， 进一步收集 NAT穿越资源， 把收集的 NAT穿越资源和消息中携带的 NAT穿越资源发送给第一 Peer。
为了消息传输的便利， 可以在携带收集 NAT穿越资源请求的消息中建立 NAT穿越资源的资源集合。当中间 Peer把收集的 NAT穿越资源添加到消息时， 首先把收集的 NAT穿越资源与消息中的资源集合进行比较， 如果资源集合中 不存在收集的 NAT穿越资源， 则将收集的 NAT穿越资源添加到资源集合中， 如果资源集合中已存在收集的 NAT穿越资源， 则不添加该 NAT穿越资源。 当 目的 Peer接收到携带资源集合的消息时， 首先把收集的 NAT穿越资源与消息 中的资源集合进行比较， 如果资源集合中不存在收集的 NAT穿越资源， 则将 收集的 NAT穿越资源添加到资源集合中， 如果资源集合中已存在收集的 NAT 穿越资源，则不添加该 NAT穿越资源； 目的 Peer把资源集合发送给第一 Peer。
实施例四：
本实施例以实施例二或实施例三为基础， 本实施例对使用会话启动协议 ( Session Initiation Protocol, SIP ) 的 P2P应用进行描述。 在使用 SIP的 P2P 中， 定义了 Peer和对等网络客户端 （Client ) 两种网络实体； 其中， Peer组成 叠加网络， 提供路由和存储服务， Client通过与其相关联的 Peer从叠加网络中 查找资源和存储资源。
Client向与其相关联的第一 Peer发送携带获取 NAT穿越资源请求的消息。 第一 Peer接收到该消息后， 收集 NAT穿越资源， 把收集的 NAT穿越资源添 加到临时资源表中， 根据对等网络客户端发送的携带获取 NAT穿越资源请求 的消息产生携带收集 NAT 穿越资源请求的消息， 向目的 Peer发送携带收集 NAT穿越资源请求的消息。 按照实施例二或实施例三的方法 , 中间 Peer和目 的 Peer将 NAT穿越资源发送给第一 Peer。 第一 Peer把接收到的 NAT穿越资 源添加到临时资源表中， 把临时资源表发送给对等网络客户端。
在本实施例中， Peer可以通过与其相关联的 Client进行交互， 了解与其相 关联的 Client是否具有 NAT穿越能力， 把具有 NAT穿越能力的 Client作为 NAT穿越资源。
需要说明的是， 如果 Peer自身获取 NAT穿越资源， 可以使用加入叠加网 络消息 （Join )来携带收集 NAT 穿越资源请求， 也可以使用 Get消息或 Put 消息来携带收集 NAT穿越资源请求。 而 Client不需要加入叠加网络， 不能使 用 Join消息来携带收集 NAT穿越资源请求， 但可以使用 Get消息或 Put消息 来携带收集 NAT穿越资源请求。
实施例五：
本实施例的对等网络包括：
第一对等网络节点， 用于产生携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消 息， 发送携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息； 中间对等网络节点， 用 于接收第一对等网络节点发送的携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息， 收集网络地址转换穿越资源，把收集的网络地址转换穿越资源发送给第一对等 网络节点，确定接收的携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息的目的地不 是自身时， 转发接收的携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息； 目的对等 网络节点，用于接收第一对等网络节点发送的携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源 请求的消息， 收集网络地址转换穿越资源，把收集的网络地址转换穿越资源发 送给第一对等网络节点。 其中，第一对等网络节点发送携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息 具体为，第一对等网络节点向目的对等网络节点发送携带收集网络地址转换穿 越资源请求的消息。
其中， 中间对等网络节点可以包括：
消息接收单元， 用于接收携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息； 穿越资源收集单元，用于消息接收单元接收到携带收集网络地址转换穿越 资源请求的消息时， 收集网络地址转换穿越资源；
穿越资源发送单元，用于发送穿越资源收集单元收集的网络地址转换穿越 资源；
消息转发单元，用于确定消息接收单元接收的携带收集网络地址转换穿越 资源请求的消息的目的地不是自身时，转发消息接收单元接收的携带收集网络 地址转换穿越资源请求的消息。
上述收集网络地址转换穿越资源可以为， 通过路由表和 /或邻居表收集网 络地址转换穿越资源。 也就是说， 穿越资源收集单元可以包括： 通过路由表收 集网络地址转换穿越资源的模块； 和 /或通过邻居表收集网络地址转换穿越资 源的模块。 上述消息可以为， 叠加网络上根据键值进行路由转发的消息。
进一步，上述中间对等网络节点把收集的网络地址转换穿越资源发送给第 一对等网络节点可以有以下两种方式：
如果在路由过程中使用迭代路由方式转发携带收集网络地址转换穿越资 源请求的消息，中间对等网络节点可以通过应答方式把收集的网络地址转换穿 越资源回送给第一对等网络节点；
如果在路由过程中使用递归路由方式转发携带收集网络地址转换穿越资 源请求的消息，中间对等网络节点把收集的网络地址转换穿越资源添加到消息 中，向目的对等网络节点发送携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求和网络地址 转换穿越资源的消息，通过目的对等网络节点把收集的网络地址转换穿越资源 发送给第一对等网络节点。 当然， 在使用递归路由方式转发携带收集网络地址 转换穿越资源请求的消息的情况下，中间对等网络节点也可以通过应答方式把 收集的网络地址转换穿越资源回送给第一对等网络节点。
对于使用递归路由方式来说，目的对等网络节点接收到携带收集网络地址 转换穿越资源请求和网络地址转换穿越资源的消息后，收集网络地址转换穿越 资源，把收集的网络地址转换穿越资源和消息中携带的网络地址转换穿越资源 发送给第一对等网络节点。
实施例六：
请参考图 2, 为本发明实施例六的对等网络系统示意图。
本实施例对使用 SIP的 P2P应用进行描述。 在使用 SIP的 P2P中， 定义 了对等网络节点和对等网络客户端两种网络实体。 本实施例的对等网络包括： 对等网络客户端 201 , 用于发送携带获取网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息； 第一对等网络节点 202, 用于接收对等网络客户端 201发送的携带获取网络地 址转换穿越资源请求的消息， 收集网络地址转换穿越资源，把收集的网络地址 转换穿越资源添加到临时资源表中，根据携带获取网络地址转换穿越资源请求 的消息产生携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息，发送携带收集网络地 址转换穿越资源请求的消息； 中间对等网络节点 203 , 用于接收第一对等网络 节点 202发送的携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息，收集网络地址转 换穿越资源， 把收集的网络地址转换穿越资源发送给第一对等网络节点 202, 确定接收的携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息的目的地不是自身时， 转发接收的携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息； 目的对等网络节点 204, 用于接收第一对等网络节点 202发送的携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源 请求的消息， 收集网络地址转换穿越资源，把收集的网络地址转换穿越资源发 送给第一对等网络节点 202。
其中，第一对等网络节点 202发送携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的 消息具体为：第一对等网络节点 202向目的对等网络节点 204发送携带收集网 络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息。
其中，第一对等网络节点 202接收到中间对等网络节点 203和目的对等网 络节点 204发送的网络地址转换穿越资源时，把接收到的网络地址转换穿越资 源添加到临时资源表中， 把临时资源表发送给对等网络客户端 201。
上述收集网络地址转换穿越资源可以为： 通过路由表和 /或邻居表收集网 络地址转换穿越资源。上述消息可以为： 叠加网络上根据键值进行路由转发的 消息。 进一步，上述中间对等网络节点 203把收集的网络地址转换穿越资源发送 给第一对等网络节点 202可以有以下两种方式：
如果在路由过程中使用迭代路由方式转发携带收集网络地址转换穿越资 源请求的消息，中间对等网络节点 203可以通过应答方式把收集的网络地址转 换穿越资源回送给第一对等网络节点 202;
如果在路由过程中使用递归路由方式转发携带收集网络地址转换穿越资 源请求的消息，中间对等网络节点 203把收集的网络地址转换穿越资源添加到 消息中，向目的对等网络节点 204发送携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求和 网络地址转换穿越资源的消息，通过目的对等网络节点 204把收集的网络地址 转换穿越资源发送给第一对等网络节点 202。
对于使用递归路由方式来说，目的对等网络节点 204接收到携带收集网络 地址转换穿越资源请求和网络地址转换穿越资源的消息后，收集网络地址转换 穿越资源，把收集的网络地址转换穿越资源和消息中携带的网络地址转换穿越 资源发送给第一对等网络节点 202。
从以上的技术方案可以看出， 在本发明实施例中， 第一对等网络节点 202 产生携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息， 向目的对等网络节点 204 发送携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息；中间对等网络节点 203接收 携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息， 收集网络地址转换穿越资源，把 收集的网络地址转换穿越资源发送给第一对等网络节点 202。 因为携带收集网 络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息是通过路由方式在对等网络传输的，在到达目 的对等网络节点 204前可能经过若干个中间对等网络节点 203 , 本技术方案可 以通过中间对等网络节点 203获取网络地址转换穿越资源，从而实现在路由过 程中获取网络地址转换穿越资源， 减轻目的对等网络节点的工作量。
从以上的技术方案可以看出，在本发明实施例中， 并不要求构造一个消息 专门用于发送收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求，而是扩展现有的叠加网络上根 据键值进行路由转发的消息，在这类消息中 "额外 "携带收集网络地址转换穿越 资源请求， 因为叠加网络上根据键值进行路由转发的消息很多，从而可以根据 实际环境选择消息进行扩展， 增加方案实施的灵活性。
从以上的技术方案可以看出，在本发明实施例中，对等网络节点接收携带 收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息时， 不是通过键值， 而是通过路由表和 /或邻居表收集网络地址转换穿越资源， 因为通过路由表和 /或邻居表收集网络 地址转换穿越资源具有分散性， 从而可以提高获取穿越资源的效率。
以上对本发明所提供的获取穿越资源的方法、对等网络节点和对等网络进 行了详细介绍， 对于本领域的一般技术人员， 依据本发明实施例的思想， 在具 体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处， 综上所述， 本说明书内容不应理解 为对本发明的限制。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种获取网络地址转换穿越资源的方法， 其特征在于， 包括： 对等网络实体产生携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息，并向目的 对等网络节点发送所述携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息；
接收到所述携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息的中间对等网络 节点和目的对等网络节点收集网络地址转换穿越资源；
所述中间对等网络节点和所述目的对等网络节点把收集的网络地址转换 穿越资源发送给第一对等网络节点。
2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述中间对等网络节点和 所述目的对等网络节点把收集的网络地址转换穿越资源发送给第一对等网络 节点包括：
所述中间对等网络节点和所述目的对等网络节点分别通过应答方式把各 自收集的网络地址转换穿越资源回送给所述第一对等网络节点。
3. 根据权利要求 1 所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述中间对等网络节点和 所述目的对等网络节点把所述收集的网络地址转换穿越资源发送给第一对等 网络节点包括：
所述中间对等网络节点把收集的网络地址转换穿越资源添加到所述携带 收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息中发送给所述目的对等网络节点； 所述目的对等网络节点接收到所述携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求 和网络地址转换穿越资源的消息后， 收集网络地址转换穿越资源， 并把自身收 集的网络地址转换穿越资源和所述消息中携带的网络地址转换穿越资源发送 给所述第一对等网络节点。
4. 根据权利要求 1或 2或 3所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述对等网络实 体为所述第一对等网络节点。
5. 根据权利要求 1或 2或 3所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述对等网络实 体为对等网络客户端； 所述方法进一步包括：
所述第一对等网络节点接收对等网络客户端发送的携带获取网络地址转 换穿越资源请求的消息， 收集网络地址转换穿越资源，把所述收集的网络地址 转换穿越资源添加到临时资源表中； 所述第一对等网络节点根据所述对等网络客户端发送的携带获取网络地 址转换穿越资源请求的消息产生携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息。
6. 根据权利要求 5所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述方法进一步包括： 所述第一对等网络节点接收到所述中间对等网络节点和所述目的对等网 络节点收集的网络地址转换穿越资源后 ,把接收到的网络地址转换穿越资源添 加到所述临时资源表中， 并把所述临时资源表发送给所述对等网络客户端。
7. 根据权利要求 1至 3任意一项所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述收集网 络地址转换穿越资源包括： 通过路由表和 /或邻居表收集网络地址转换穿越资 源。
8. 根据权利要求 1至 3任意一项所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述携带收 集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息为在叠加网络上根据键值进行路由转发 的消息。
9. 一种获取网络地址转换穿越资源的方法， 其特征在于， 包括： 中间对等网络节点接收其它对等网络节点通过由表和 /或邻居表发布的网 络地址转换穿越服务能力信息；
所述中间对等网络节点根据所述网络地址转换穿越服务能力信息获取网 络地址转换穿越资源。
10. 根据权利要求 9所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述方法进一步包括： 当所述中间对等网络节点接收到携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的 消息后， 将获取的网络地址转换穿越资源发送给第一对等网络节点。
11. 一种对等网络节点， 其特征在于， 包括：
消息接收单元， 用于接收携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息； 穿越资源收集单元，用于所述消息接收单元接收到携带收集网络地址转换 穿越资源请求的消息时， 收集网络地址转换穿越资源；
穿越资源发送单元，用于发送所述穿越资源收集单元收集的网络地址转换 穿越资源。
12. 根据权利要求 11所述的对等网络节点， 其特征在于， 进一步包括： 消息转发单元，用于确定所述消息接收单元接收的携带收集网络地址转换 穿越资源请求的消息的目的地不是自身时，转发所述消息接收单元接收的携带 收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息。
13. 根据权利要求 11或 12所述的对等网络节点， 其特征在于， 所述穿越 资源收集单元包括：
通过路由表收集网络地址转换穿越资源的模块； 和 /或
通过邻居表收集网络地址转换穿越资源的模块。
14. 一种对等网络系统， 其特征在于， 包括：
对等网络实体，用于产生并发送所述携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求 的消息；
中间对等网络节点，用于接收所述对等网络实体发送的携带收集网络地址 转换穿越资源请求的消息， 收集网络地址转换穿越资源，把所述收集的网络地 址转换穿越资源发送给所述第一对等网络节点，并在确定所述接收的携带收集 网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息的目的地不是自身时，转发所述接收的携带 收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息；
目的对等网络节点，用于接收所述第一对等网络节点发送的携带收集网络 地址转换穿越资源请求的消息， 收集网络地址转换穿越资源， 并把所述收集的 网络地址转换穿越资源发送给所述第一对等网络节点。
15. 根据权利要求 14所述的对等网络系统， 其特征在于，
所述中间对等网络节点进一步用于把收集的网络地址转换穿越资源添加 到转发的携带收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息中；
所述目的对等网络节点进一步用于将所述中间对等网络节点转发的携带 收集网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息中的网络地址转换穿越资源发送给所 述第一对等网络节点。
16. 根据权利要求 14或 15所述的对等网络系统， 其特征在于， 所述对等 网络实体为所述第一对等网络节点。
17. 根据权利要求 14或 15所述的对等网络系统， 其特征在于， 所述对等 网络实体为对等网络客户端；
所述对等网络客户端用于发送携带获取网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消 息；
所述第一对等网络节点还用于接收所述对等网络客户端发送的携带获取 网络地址转换穿越资源请求的消息， 收集网络地址转换穿越资源，把所述收集 的网络地址转换穿越资源添加到临时资源表中；并在接收到所述中间对等网络 节点和目的对等网络节点收集的网络地址转换穿越资源后，把所述网络地址转 换穿越资源添加到所述临时资源表中，并把所述临时资源表发送给所述对等网 络客户端。
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