WO2009099075A1 - 微生物保護剤及び微生物の凍結又は凍結乾燥菌体の製造方法 - Google Patents
微生物保護剤及び微生物の凍結又は凍結乾燥菌体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009099075A1 WO2009099075A1 PCT/JP2009/051810 JP2009051810W WO2009099075A1 WO 2009099075 A1 WO2009099075 A1 WO 2009099075A1 JP 2009051810 W JP2009051810 W JP 2009051810W WO 2009099075 A1 WO2009099075 A1 WO 2009099075A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/04—Preserving or maintaining viable microorganisms
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- the present invention relates to a method for producing a frozen or freeze-dried microorganism, a microorganism obtained by the production method, and a protective agent. More specifically, a frozen or freeze-dried microorganism characterized in that a permeate obtained by subjecting milk or whey to ultrafiltration (UF) membrane treatment is mixed with microbial cells and frozen or freeze-dried.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a microbial cell, and a microbial cell and a protective agent obtained by the production method.
- a microorganism belonging to Bifidobacterium is sometimes referred to as bifidobacteria
- lactic acid bacteria other than bifidobacteria are referred to as lactic acid bacteria
- bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria are collectively referred to as lactic acid bacteria.
- Bifidobacteria widely known as one of useful intestinal bacteria is widely used in the production of foods, and is used in producing dairy products such as fermented milk and lactic acid bacteria beverages.
- intestinal harmful bacteria suppressive action / infection protective action for example, see Non-patent Document 1
- immunoregulatory action for example, see Non-Patent Document 2
- cholesterol lowering action for example, see Non-Patent Document 3
- the probiotic function which is a bioregulatory function exerted by ingesting viable cells, has been clarified one after another.
- bifidobacteria for the purpose of maintaining health by ingesting bifidobacteria, it is used as a raw material for development of various foods and drinks including fermented milk foods and drinks such as yogurt and cheese, lactic acid bacteria such as confectionery, and health foods and pharmaceuticals. Development has been made. When bifidobacteria are added to these foods and beverages, the bifidobacteria that have been cultured in advance are processed and added, but this process takes a lot of labor and time, and maintains a high survival rate in the processing. There were technical difficulties. On the other hand, lactic acid bacteria and the like have long been used as starters in many dairy products such as yogurt and cheese.
- Non-Patent Document 2 In recent years, in addition to its intestinal regulating action, probiotic functions such as immunoregulatory action (for example, see Non-Patent Document 2) and inflammatory bowel disease improvement action (for example, see Non-Patent Document 4) are expected. It is added to various foods. However, these lactic acid bacteria, etc. have been obtained by culturing them with milk or the like. However, this requires a lot of labor and a lot of time, and attention is paid to the quality control of the bacteria. There was a problem that had to be done. Therefore, by using live cells of lactic acid bacteria that have been frozen or freeze-dried in advance, foods and drinks containing lactic acid bacteria, such as dairy products such as yogurt and cheese, can be easily produced.
- immunoregulatory action for example, see Non-Patent Document 2
- inflammatory bowel disease improvement action for example, see Non-Patent Document 4
- cryoprotectants and freeze-dried substances have been developed to solve these problems. These substances include skim milk, sodium glutamate, gelatin, and sucrose (see, for example, Patent Document 1), phenylalanine, histidine, citric acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, and alkali carbonate (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
- the present invention has the effect of improving the survival of microorganisms, does not adversely affect the flavor of the product, and does not affect the production cost. It is an object to provide a property improver.
- the present invention is an invention having the following configuration.
- a frozen or freeze-dried microbial cell characterized in that a permeate obtained by subjecting milk or whey to ultrafiltration (UF) membrane treatment is mixed with microbial cells and frozen or lyophilized.
- Manufacturing method (2) Lactose in a permeate obtained by ultrafiltration (UF) membrane treatment of milk or whey is decomposed with enzymes and / or heat, mixed with microbial cells, and frozen or frozen.
- a method for producing frozen or freeze-dried microbial cells characterized by drying.
- microorganism is one or more of the genus Bifidobacterium, the genus Lactobacillus, the genus Streptococcus, and the genus Lactococcus .
- a frozen or lyophilized microbial cell obtained by the method according to any one of (1) and (2).
- Permeates obtained by ultrafiltration (UF) membrane treatment of milk or whey are classified into Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, A frozen or freeze-dried microorganism obtained by mixing with one or more microorganisms of the genus Lactococcus and freezing or freeze-drying.
- Lactose in a permeate obtained by ultrafiltration (UF) membrane treatment of milk or whey is decomposed by enzymes and / or heat, and then genus Bifidobacterium, lacto A frozen or freeze-dried microbial cell of a microorganism obtained by mixing with one or more microbial cells of the genus Bacillus (Lactobacillus), Streptococcus (Lactococcus), or Lactococcus (genus), and freezing or freeze-drying.
- a microorganism freezing or freeze-drying protective agent comprising a permeate obtained by subjecting milk or whey to ultrafiltration (UF) membrane treatment as an active ingredient.
- the present invention provides a method for producing a frozen or freeze-dried microbial cell that is less damaged or killed in the freezing or freeze-drying step and has a high survival rate, and a cell obtained by the production method and a protective agent.
- the purpose is that.
- the production method of the present invention is characterized in that a permeate obtained by subjecting milk or whey to ultrafiltration (UF) membrane treatment is mixed with microbial cells and frozen or freeze-dried.
- UF ultrafiltration
- milk or whey is mentioned as a raw material used when preparing a permeate (permeate).
- any milk that is usually used in food production may be used.
- whole milk, defatted prepared milk, reduced milk, concentrated milk, butter milk, cream, nonfat dry milk, or a mixture thereof Can be mentioned.
- Whey includes by-products produced from cheese from mammals such as milk, water buffalo and goats, by-products obtained by acidifying the pH of milk to obtain acid casein, and permeation obtained by treating milk with a microfiltration membrane.
- a liquid etc. can be used. When these are acidic, they can be used by re-adjusting the pH to near neutral with a pH adjusting agent such as sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate or potassium hydroxide. These may be in the form of powder, but can be used in an aqueous solution when the enzyme is reacted. These raw materials can be subjected to ultrafiltration (UF) membrane treatment to obtain a permeate.
- UF ultrafiltration
- an ultrafiltration (UF) membrane having a molecular weight of 5,000 cut or more or 10,000 cut or more may be used.
- the obtained permeate mainly contains low-molecular substances such as minerals, vitamins, amino acids and peptides in addition to 8 to 20 g / 100 g of lactose.
- Minerals include water-soluble minerals in milk, such as 20 mg to 1,000 mg / 100 g calcium, 30 to 1,000 mg / 100 g potassium, 30 to 300 mg / 100 g phosphorus, 10 to 100 mg / 100 g magnesium. Etc.
- water-soluble vitamins contained in milk for example, 0.04 mg to 2 mg / 100 g vitamin B 2 , 0.01 to 0.5 mg / 100 g vitamin B 1 , 0.03 to 1.5 mg / 100 g niacin, 0.5 to 25 mg / 100g vitamin C, etc.
- the obtained permeate (permeate) can be used as an aqueous solution, or powdered by concentration or drying and mixed with microbial cells to prepare frozen or lyophilized cells.
- the obtained permeate (permeate) is left as an aqueous solution or powdered by concentration or drying, and mixed with microbial cells to freeze or freeze. Dry cells can be prepared.
- microbial cells can be prepared.
- microorganisms to which the microorganism protecting agent is applied in the present invention are useful microorganisms that are used after being frozen or lyophilized, and the type of the microorganism is not particularly limited. Examples include bacteria, lactic acid bacteria and the like, bacteria, sputum, and yeast. More specifically, Bifidobacterium is a microorganism belonging to the genus Bifidobacterium, and examples thereof include Bifidobacterium longum. In addition, the bifidobacteria to be used is not limited to these bacterial species. Moreover, lactic acid bacteria etc.
- lactic acid bacteria are microorganisms generally classified into lactic acid bacteria, and the genus Lactobacillus (Lactobacillus), especially Lactobacillus gasseri (Lactobacillus gasseri), Lactobacillus delbruecki, subspecies, bulgaricus (Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus) and other microorganisms belonging to the genus Streptococcus, in particular, microorganisms belonging to the genus Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactococcus, particularly Lactococcus lactis, subspecies and lactis (Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis) Is mentioned.
- the lactic acid bacteria etc. to be used are not limited to these bacterial species.
- microorganisms belonging to the genus Propionibacterium in particular, Propionibacterium freudenreichii, such as microorganisms belonging to the genus Bacillus, particularly Bacillus sacillas (Bacillus). subtilis) and the like.
- the cocoon include microorganisms belonging to the genus Penicillium, such as Penicillium roqueforti.
- the yeast include microorganisms belonging to the genus Saccharomyces, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Note that the bacteria, koji, and yeast to be used are not limited to these species.
- Microbial cells can be produced by conventional methods. For example, one or more of the above microorganisms are usually cultured at 25 to 45 ° C. for 4 to 24 hours in a liquid medium containing glucose, yeast extract, peptone, etc., and the cells are collected from the culture and washed. A wet microbial cell is obtained after performing a treatment such as the above.
- the permeate is added to the obtained wet cells at a concentration of 10 to 75%, preferably 25 to 50%, and mixed uniformly.
- freezing or freeze-drying can be performed by a conventional method.
- freezing for example, ⁇ 20 ° C. to ⁇ 160 ° C. or lower (using liquid nitrogen or the like), and in the case of freeze-drying, the shelf temperature is 35 ° C. or lower and the vacuum is about 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 1 torr.
- lactose in a permeate obtained by subjecting milk or whey to ultrafiltration (UF) membrane treatment can be decomposed with enzymes and / or heat and then mixed with microorganisms. Lactose decomposition is preferably performed using ⁇ -galactosidase.
- the membrane treatment permeate is added and mixed as described above to reduce the damage or death of microbial cells during freezing or lyophilization, and at a high survival rate and a high concentration of microbial cells. Freezing or lyophilized cells can be obtained.
- GAM medium (Nissui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) with glucose added to a final concentration of 1% is inoculated with 2% Bifidobacterium longum JCM 1217 T preculture solution at 37 ° C. For 16 hours to obtain 1,000 mL of Bifidobacterium solution. After cooling 250 mL of this bacterial solution, place it in a 500 mL centrifuge tube, perform centrifugation at 5,000 rpm for 10 minutes, remove the appropriate amount of supernatant by decantation, and then the bifidobacteria solution in which bifidobacteria are concentrated 25 times Got.
- Example 2 (Preparation of lyophilized cells) Mixed solution (sample 2) containing 10% of water (sample 1), skim milk powder (manufactured by Snow Brand Milk Products) and 1% sodium L-glutamate (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), 10% By adding an equal amount of lactose (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) aqueous solution (sample 3) and the permeate prepared in Example 1 (sample 4), each of the four types of bifidobacteria solution in which bifidobacteria was concentrated 12.5 times was added. Obtained.
- Each bacterial solution obtained was freeze-dried according to a conventional method (Kyowa Vacuum Lyophilizer RLE-308, manufactured by Kyowa Vacuum Technology Co., Ltd., shelf temperature: 35 ° C or less, vacuum degree: 1.0 x 10 -1 torr), about 3 g of each freeze-dried bifidobacteria was obtained.
- the obtained freeze-dried bifidobacteria cells were subjected to a forced deterioration test at 37 ° C., the number of viable bacteria in the sample after 3 weeks from the start of the test was measured, and the survival rate was calculated. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 2 Preparation of lyophilized cells
- a mixed solution (sample 2) of 10% lactose (sample 1), skim milk powder (manufactured by Snow Brand Milk Products) 10% and sodium L-glutamate (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries) 1%.
- an aqueous solution (sample 3) manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. and the permeate prepared in Example 1 (sample 4)
- four types of lactic acid bacteria solutions each concentrated 12.5 times were obtained.
- Each obtained bacterial solution was freeze-dried according to a conventional method to obtain about 3 g of each freeze-dried lactic acid bacterium.
- the obtained freeze-dried lactic acid bacteria were subjected to a forced deterioration test at 37 ° C., the number of viable bacteria in the sample after 3 weeks from the start of the test was measured, and the survival rate was calculated.
- the results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 2 Preparation of lyophilized cells
- a mixed solution (sample 2) containing 10% of water (sample 1), skim milk powder (manufactured by Snow Brand Milk Products) and 1% of sodium L-glutamate (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries), 10% lactose (Japanese sum)
- an aqueous solution (sample 3)
- a permeate (sample 4)
- four types of lactic acid bacteria solutions concentrated 12.5 times were obtained.
- Each obtained bacterial solution was freeze-dried according to a conventional method to obtain about 3 g of each freeze-dried lactic acid bacterium.
- the obtained freeze-dried lactic acid bacteria were subjected to a forced deterioration test at 37 ° C., the number of viable bacteria in the sample after 3 weeks from the start of the test was measured, and the survival rate was calculated.
- the results are shown in Table 1.
- the obtained permeate can be used as it is as a freezing or freeze-drying protective agent of the present invention.
- Example 2 (Preparation of lyophilized cells) Mixed solution (sample 2) containing 10% of water (sample 1), skim milk powder (manufactured by Snow Brand Milk Products) and 1% sodium L-glutamate (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), 10%
- an aqueous solution of lactose (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) (sample 3) and lactose-decomposing syrup-like composition (sample 5)
- four types of bifidobacteria solutions each enriched in bifidobacteria by 12.5 times were obtained. .
- Each obtained bacterial solution was freeze-dried in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain about 3 g of each freeze-dried bifidobacteria cell.
- the obtained freeze-dried bifidobacteria cells were subjected to a forced deterioration test at 37 ° C., the number of viable bacteria in the sample after 3 weeks from the start of the test was measured, and the survival rate was calculated. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 2 (Preparation of lactic acid bacteria) In the same manner as in Example 2, a 25-fold concentrated bacterial solution of Lactococcus lactis ssp. Lactis JCM 5805 T was obtained. (Preparation of lyophilized cells) A mixed solution (sample 2) of 10% lactose (sample 1), skim milk powder (manufactured by Snow Brand Milk Products) 10% and sodium L-glutamate (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries) 1%. By adding an equal amount of an aqueous solution (sample 3) and a lactose-decomposing syrup-like composition prepared in Example 4 (sample 5), Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) Obtained.
- Each obtained bacterial solution was freeze-dried in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain about 3 g of each freeze-dried lactic acid bacterium.
- the obtained freeze-dried lactic acid bacteria were subjected to a forced deterioration test at 37 ° C., the number of viable bacteria in the sample after 3 weeks from the start of the test was measured, and the survival rate was calculated. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp (Preparation of lactic acid bacteria) Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. Bulgaricus JCM 1002 T or Lactobacillus gasseri JCM 1131 T concentrated 25 times in the same manner as in Example 3 Alternatively, each bacterial solution of Lactobacillus plantarum JCM 1149 T was obtained.
- Example 2 Preparation of lyophilized cells
- a mixed solution (sample 2) of a solution containing water (sample 1), 10% skim milk powder (manufactured by Snow Brand Milk Products Co., Ltd.) and 1% sodium L-glutamate (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), 10% lactose By adding an equal amount of an aqueous solution (sample 3) and a lactose-decomposing syrup-like composition prepared in Example 4 (sample 5), Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) Obtained.
- Each obtained bacterial solution was freeze-dried in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain about 3 g of each freeze-dried lactic acid bacterium.
- the obtained freeze-dried lactic acid bacteria were subjected to a forced deterioration test at 37 ° C., the number of viable bacteria in the sample after 3 weeks from the start of the test was measured, and the survival rate was calculated. The results are shown in Table 2.
- sample 5 using the membrane treatment permeate was sample 1 that did not use a protective agent, and 2 and 3 that used a known protective agent. In comparison, it was found to have a high survival rate.
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Abstract
Description
これらの飲食品等にビフィズス菌を添加する場合、予め培養したビフィズス菌を加工して添加するが、その加工には多大な労力及び時間を要し、また加工において高い生残率を維持するためには技術的に極めて困難な点があった。
一方、乳酸菌等は古くからヨーグルト・チーズ等多数の乳製品にスターターとして利用されている。また近年、その整腸作用のみならず、免疫調節作用(例えば、非特許文献2参照)や炎症性腸疾患改善作用(例えば、非特許文献4参照)等のプロバイオティクス機能を期待して、種々の食品に添加されている。
しかし従来これらの乳酸菌等は牛乳等で培養することによりその菌体を取得しているが、そのために多くの労力と多大な時間を要し、また、菌体の品質管理等について十分に注意をしなければならないという問題があった。
従って、予め凍結又は凍結乾燥した乳酸菌類の生菌体を用いることにより、乳酸菌類を含有する飲食品、例えばヨーグルトやチーズ等の乳製品が簡単に製造することができる。しかしながら、これらの製品に必要な菌濃度を有する凍結又は凍結乾燥乳酸菌類を調製することは、融解時又は凍結乾燥時において、菌体が被る損傷又は死滅を防止しなければならないため、極めて困難であった。
従来、これらの問題を解決するために多くの凍結保護物質及び凍結乾燥保護物質が開発された。これらの物質には、脱脂乳・グルタミン酸ナトリウム・ゼラチン及びショ糖(例えば、特許文献1参照)・フェニルアラニン・ヒスチジン・クエン酸・コハク酸・酒石酸及び炭酸アルカリ(例えば、特許文献2参照)等が知られており、その他に、乳糖・トレハロース・脱脂粉乳・ソルビトール・アスコルビン酸ソーダ(例えば、非特許文献5参照)等も知られている。
更に、凍結又は凍結乾燥菌体の製造工程においては、菌体分散液を凍結する速度が菌体の損傷又は死滅において甚大な影響を与える。即ち、可及的速やかに液温を低下させることが望ましいが、工業的規模で製造する場合には、急速凍結を実施する上で克服しなければならない問題が多数存在していた。
(1)乳又は乳清を限外濾過(UF)膜処理して得られる透過液(パーミエイト)を微生物菌体と混合し、凍結又は凍結乾燥することを特徴とする凍結又は凍結乾燥微生物菌体の製造方法。
(2)乳又は乳清を限外濾過(UF)膜処理して得られる透過液(パーミエイト)中の乳糖を、酵素及び/又は熱により分解した後に、微生物菌体と混合し、凍結又は凍結乾燥することを特徴とする凍結又は凍結乾燥微生物菌体の製造方法。
(3)微生物が、ビフィドバクテリウム(Bifidobacterium)属、ラクトバチルス(Lactobacillus)属、ストレプトコッカス(Streptococcus)属、ラクトコッカス(Lactococcus)属のいずれか1種以上であることを特徴とする前記製造方法。
(4)(1)または(2)のいずれかに記載の方法により得られる微生物の凍結又は凍結乾燥菌体。
(5)乳又は乳清を限外濾過(UF)膜処理して得られる透過液(パーミエイト)を、ビフィドバクテリウム(Bifidobacterium)属、ラクトバチルス(Lactobacillus)属、ストレプトコッカス(Streptococcus)属、ラクトコッカス(Lactococcus)属のいずれか1種以上の微生物菌体と混合し、凍結又は凍結乾燥することにより得られる微生物の凍結又は凍結乾燥菌体。
(6)乳又は乳清を限外濾過(UF)膜処理して得られる透過液(パーミエイト)中の乳糖を、酵素及び/又は熱により分解した後に、ビフィドバクテリウム(Bifidobacterium)属、ラクトバチルス(Lactobacillus)属、ストレプトコッカス(Streptococcus)属、ラクトコッカス(Lactococcus)属のいずれか1種以上の微生物菌体と混合し、凍結又は凍結乾燥することによって得られる微生物の凍結又は凍結乾燥菌体。
(7)乳又は乳清を限外濾過(UF)膜処理して得られる透過液(パーミエイト)を有効成分とする微生物の凍結又は凍結乾燥保護剤。
本発明にて、透過液(パーミエイト)を調製する際に使用する原材料として、乳又は乳清が挙げられる。乳としては、食品製造に通常用いられる乳であればいずれの乳を使用してもよく、例えば全乳、脱脂調製乳、還元乳、濃縮乳、バターミルク、クリーム、脱脂粉乳、又はこれらの混合物を挙げることができる。
乳清としては、牛乳、水牛、山羊等の哺乳動物の乳からチーズを製造した副産物、乳のpHを酸性にし酸カゼインを得た副産物、乳を精密濾過膜などで処理して得られた透過液などを用いることができる。これらが酸性である場合には、水酸化ナトリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム等のpH調整剤により、pHを中性付近に再調整することで使用することができる。これらは粉末状でもよいが、これを酵素反応させる時は水溶液の状態で使用することができる。
これらの原材料を限外濾過(UF)膜処理して、透過液(パーミエイト)を得ることができる。このときの膜処理としては、分子量5,000カット以上又は10,000カット以上の限外濾過(UF)膜を用いるとよい。得られた透過液には主に8~20g/100gの乳糖の他、ミネラル類、ビタミン類、アミノ酸、ペプチド等の低分子物質が含まれる。
ミネラル類としては、乳中に含まれる水溶性のミネラル、例えば、20mg~1,000mg/100gのカルシウム、30~1,000mg/100gのカリウム、30~300mg/100gのリン、10~100mg/100gのマグネシウム等が挙げられる。
ビタミン類としては、乳中に含まれる水溶性のビタミン、例えば、0.04mg~2mg/100gビタミンB2、0.01~0.5mg/100gのビタミンB1、0.03~1.5mg/100gのナイアシン、0.5~25mg/100gのビタミンC等が挙げられる。
得られた透過液(パーミエイト)は水溶液のままで、または、濃縮や乾燥することにより粉末化して微生物菌体と混合し、凍結又は凍結乾燥菌体を調製することができる。
また、乳酸菌等は、一般に乳酸菌に分類されている微生物であり、ラクトバチルス(Lactobacillus)属、特にラクトバチルス・ガセリ(Lactobacillus gasseri)、ラクトバチルス・デルブルッキー・亜種・ブルガリカス(Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus)等、ストレプトコッカス(Streptococcus)属に属する微生物、特に、ストレプトコッカス・サーモフィラス(Streptococcus thermophilus)、ラクトコッカス(Lactococcus)属に属する微生物、特にラクトコッカス・ラクティス・亜種・ラクティス(Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis)が挙げられる。なお、使用する乳酸菌等は、これらの菌種に限定されるものではない。
なお、以下に記載する実施例は本発明を説明するものであり、実施例の記述に限定するものではない。
GAM培地(日水製薬社製)に最終濃度1%になるようにグルコースを添加したものに、ビフィドバクテリウム・ロンガム(Bifidobacterium longum)JCM 1217Tの前培養液2%を接種し、37℃で16時間培養し、ビフィズス菌液1,000mLを得た。この菌液250mLを冷却した後、500mLの遠沈管に入れ5,000rpm ×10分の遠心分離を行い、デカンテーションにより上清を適量除去することによって、25倍にビフィズス菌が濃縮されたビフィズス菌液を得た。
(透過液の調製)
チーズホエイ80kgをクリームセパレーターにて遠心分離後、65℃で30分殺菌し、分画分子量10,000のUF膜(PW1812T、材質:ポリエーテルサルフィン、モジュール:スパイラル型、膜面積:0.55m2、DESALINATION社製)を用いて、循環流量10L/分、平均圧力4kg/cm2で19倍まで濃縮し、固形14%、乳糖11%、タンパク質0.3%、ミネラル0.6%のUF透過液75kgを得た。得られた透過液はそのまま本発明の凍結又は凍結乾燥保護剤として使用することができる。
(凍結乾燥菌体の調製)
調製したビフィズス菌液に、水(試料1)、脱脂粉乳(雪印乳業社製)10%及びL-グルタミン酸ナトリウム(和光純薬社製)1%を含む溶液の混合液(試料2)、10%乳糖(和光純薬社製)水溶液(試料3)、実施例1で調製した透過液(試料4)を等量加えることによって、12.5倍にビフィズス菌が濃縮された4種類の各ビフィズス菌液を得た。
得られた各菌液を常法に従って凍結乾燥処理を行い(共和真空凍結乾燥装置RLE-308、共和真空技術社製、棚温:35℃以下、真空度:1.0 x 10-1 torr)、約3gの各凍結乾燥ビフィズス菌体を得た。
得られた凍結乾燥ビフィズス菌体を37℃下で強制劣化試験に供し、試験開始から3週間後のサンプル中の生菌数を測定し、生残率を算出した。結果を表1に示す。
M17培地(DIFCO社製)に最終濃度0.5%になるようにラクトースを添加したものに、ラクトコッカス・ラクティス・亜種・ラクティス(Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis)JCM 5805Tの前培養液2%を接種し、30℃で16時間培養し、乳酸菌液1,000mLを得た。この菌液を、実施例1と同一の処理を行うことによって25倍に乳酸菌が濃縮された乳酸菌液を得た。
(凍結乾燥菌体の調製)
この菌液に、水(試料1)、脱脂粉乳(雪印乳業社製)10%及びL-グルタミン酸ナトリウム(和光純薬社製)1%を含む溶液の混合液(試料2)、10%乳糖(和光純薬社製)水溶液(試料3)、実施例1で調製した透過液(試料4)を等量加えることによって、12.5倍に乳酸菌が濃縮された4種類の各乳酸菌液を得た。
得られた各菌液を常法に従って凍結乾燥処理を行い、約3gの各凍結乾燥乳酸菌体を得た。
得られた凍結乾燥乳酸菌体を37℃下で強制劣化試験に供し、試験開始から3週間後のサンプル中の生菌数を測定し、生残率を算出した。結果を表1に示す。
MRS培地(DIFCO社製)にラクトバチルス・デルブルッキー・亜種・ブルガリカス(Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus)JCM 1002T、又はラクトバチルス・ガセリ(Lactobacillus gasseri)JCM 1131T、又はラクトバチルス・カゼイ(Lactobacillus casei)JCM 1134T、又はラクトバチルス・プランタラム(Lactobacillus plantarum)JCM 1149Tの前培養液2%を接種し、37℃で16時間培養し、乳酸菌液1,000mLを得た。この菌液を実施例1と同一の処理を行うことによって25倍に乳酸菌が濃縮された各乳酸菌液を得た。
(凍結乾燥菌体の調製)
この菌液に、水(試料1)、脱脂粉乳(雪印乳業社製)10%及びL-グルタミン酸ナトリウム(和光純薬製)1%を含む溶液の混合液(試料2)、10%乳糖(和光純薬製)水溶液(試料3)、実施例1で調製した透過液(試料4)を等量加えることによって、12.5倍に濃縮された4種類の各乳酸菌液を得た。
得られた各菌液を常法に従って凍結乾燥処理を行い、約3gの各凍結乾燥乳酸菌体を得た。得られた凍結乾燥乳酸菌体を37℃下で強制劣化試験に供し、試験開始から3週間後のサンプル中の生菌数を測定し、生残率を算出した。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1と同一の方法にて、25倍に濃縮されたビフィドバクテリウム・ロンガム(Bifidobacterium longum)JCM 1217Tの菌液を得た。
(透過液の調製)
実施例1と同一の方法にてUF透過液75kgを得た。その後、得られた透過液を、減圧濃縮により全固形率が65重量%となるように濃縮した。得られた濃縮UF膜透過液5kgに、β-ガラクトシダーゼ(スミラクトL、新日本化学工業社製)25gを添加して、55℃で2時間酵素反応を行った後、ホールドチューブを有するプレート式熱交換機を用いて、85℃で5分間加熱して酵素反応を停止させた。このようにして乳糖分解シロップ状組成物4kgを得た。得られた透過液はそのまま本発明の凍結又は凍結乾燥保護剤として使用することができる。
(凍結乾燥菌体の調製)
調製したビフィズス菌液に、水(試料1)、脱脂粉乳(雪印乳業社製)10%及びL-グルタミン酸ナトリウム(和光純薬社製)1%を含む溶液の混合液(試料2)、10%乳糖(和光純薬社製)水溶液(試料3)、乳糖分解シロップ状組成物(試料5)を等量加えることによって、12.5倍にビフィズス菌が濃縮された4種類の各ビフィズス菌液を得た。
得られた各菌液を実施例1と同一の方法にて凍結乾燥処理を行い約3gの各凍結乾燥ビフィズス菌体を得た。
得られた凍結乾燥ビフィズス菌体を37℃下で強制劣化試験に供し、試験開始から3週間後のサンプル中の生菌数を測定し、生残率を算出した。結果を表2に示す。
実施例2と同一の方法にて、25倍に濃縮されたラクトコッカス・ラクティス・亜種・ラクティス(Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis)JCM 5805Tの菌液を得た。
(凍結乾燥菌体の調製)
この菌液に、水(試料1)、脱脂粉乳(雪印乳業社製)10%及びL-グルタミン酸ナトリウム(和光純薬社製)1%を含む溶液の混合液(試料2)、10%乳糖(和光純薬社製)水溶液(試料3)、実施例4で調製した乳糖分解シロップ状組成物(試料5)を等量加えることによって、12.5倍に乳酸菌が濃縮された4種類の各乳酸菌液を得た。
得られた各菌液を実施例1と同一の方法にて凍結乾燥処理を行い、約3gの各凍結乾燥乳酸菌体を得た。
得られた凍結乾燥乳酸菌体を37℃下で強制劣化試験に供し、試験開始から3週間後のサンプル中の生菌数を測定し、生残率を算出した。結果を表2に示す。
実施例3と同一の方法にて、25倍に濃縮されたラクトバチルス・デルブルッキー・亜種・ブルガリカス(Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus)JCM 1002T、又はラクトバチルス・ガセリ(Lactobacillus gasseri)JCM 1131T、又はラクトバチルス・プランタラム(Lactobacillus plantarum)JCM 1149Tの各菌液を得た。
(凍結乾燥菌体の調製)
この菌液に、水(試料1)、脱脂粉乳(雪印乳業社製)10%及びL-グルタミン酸ナトリウム(和光純薬社製)1%を含む溶液の混合液(試料2)、10%乳糖(和光純薬社製)水溶液(試料3)、実施例4で調製した乳糖分解シロップ状組成物(試料5)を等量加えることによって、12.5倍に乳酸菌が濃縮された4種類の各乳酸菌液を得た。
得られた各菌液を実施例1と同一の方法にて凍結乾燥処理を行い、約3gの各凍結乾燥乳酸菌体を得た。
得られた凍結乾燥乳酸菌体を37℃下で強制劣化試験に供し、試験開始から3週間後のサンプル中の生菌数を測定し、生残率を算出した。結果を表2に示す。
Claims (7)
- 乳又は乳清を限外濾過(UF)膜処理して得られる透過液(パーミエイト)を微生物菌体と混合し、凍結又は凍結乾燥することを特徴とする凍結又は凍結乾燥微生物菌体の製造方法。
- 乳又は乳清を限外濾過(UF)膜処理して得られる透過液(パーミエイト)中の乳糖を、酵素及び/又は熱により分解した後に、微生物菌体と混合し、凍結又は凍結乾燥することを特徴とする凍結又は凍結乾燥微生物菌体の製造方法。
- 微生物が、ビフィドバクテリウム(Bifidobacterium)属、ラクトバチルス(Lactobacillus)属、ストレプトコッカス(Streptococcus)属、ラクトコッカス(Lactococcus)属のいずれか1種以上であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の製造方法。
- 請求項1または2のいずれかに記載の方法により得られる微生物の凍結又は凍結乾燥菌体。
- 乳又は乳清を限外濾過(UF)膜処理して得られる透過液(パーミエイト)を、ビフィドバクテリウム(Bifidobacterium)属、ラクトバチルス(Lactobacillus)属、ストレプトコッカス(Streptococcus)属、ラクトコッカス(Lactococcus)属のいずれか1種以上の微生物菌体と混合し、凍結又は凍結乾燥することにより得られる微生物の凍結又は凍結乾燥菌体。
- 乳又は乳清を限外濾過(UF)膜処理して得られる透過液(パーミエイト)中の乳糖を、酵素及び/又は熱により分解した後に、ビフィドバクテリウム(Bifidobacterium)属、ラクトバチルス(Lactobacillus)属、ストレプトコッカス(Streptococcus)属、ラクトコッカス(Lactococcus)属のいずれか1種以上の微生物菌体と混合し、凍結又は凍結乾燥することによって得られる微生物の凍結又は凍結乾燥菌体。
- 乳又は乳清を限外濾過(UF)膜処理して得られる透過液(パーミエイト)を有効成分とする微生物の凍結又は凍結乾燥保護剤。
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| NZ587266A NZ587266A (en) | 2008-02-07 | 2009-02-03 | A microbial protective agent and a method of producing frozen or lyophilized microbial cells |
| ES09708024.6T ES2529359T3 (es) | 2008-02-07 | 2009-02-03 | Agente protector de microorganismos y método para la producción de células microbianas congeladas o liofilizadas |
| US12/866,428 US20110008875A1 (en) | 2008-02-07 | 2009-02-03 | Microorganism-protecting agent, and method for production of frozen or lyophilized microbial cell |
| AU2009211713A AU2009211713B2 (en) | 2008-02-07 | 2009-02-03 | Microorganism-protecting agent, and method for production of frozen or lyophilized microbial cell |
| KR1020107018524A KR101454671B1 (ko) | 2008-02-07 | 2009-02-03 | 미생물 보호제 및 미생물의 동결 또는 동결건조 균체의 제조 방법 |
| EP09708024.6A EP2241615B1 (en) | 2008-02-07 | 2009-02-03 | Microorganism-protecting agent, and method for production of frozen or lyophilized microbial cell |
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| JP2008027347A JP5270925B2 (ja) | 2008-02-07 | 2008-02-07 | 微生物保護剤及び微生物の凍結又は凍結乾燥菌体の製造方法 |
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| JP (1) | JP5270925B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR101454671B1 (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU2009211713B2 (ja) |
| ES (1) | ES2529359T3 (ja) |
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| JP2014171423A (ja) * | 2013-03-08 | 2014-09-22 | Nissin Foods Holdings Co Ltd | 凍結乾燥菌試料およびその製造方法 |
| WO2015175672A1 (en) | 2014-05-14 | 2015-11-19 | Merial, Inc. | Methods for freeze-drying and rehydrating biologics |
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| CN102498926A (zh) * | 2011-10-08 | 2012-06-20 | 金乡县益佳康生物科技有限责任公司 | 一种木耳液体冻干菌种的生产方法 |
| CN103937725B (zh) * | 2014-04-25 | 2016-08-24 | 陕西科技大学 | 一种嗜热链球菌冻干菌粉制备方法 |
| WO2019119261A1 (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2019-06-27 | Dupont Nutrition Biosciences Aps | Probiotics for cognitive and mental health |
| EP3712324A4 (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2020-11-04 | Unicharm Corporation | SACCHARIFIER PAPER PULP FIBER PRODUCTION PROCESS |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014171423A (ja) * | 2013-03-08 | 2014-09-22 | Nissin Foods Holdings Co Ltd | 凍結乾燥菌試料およびその製造方法 |
| WO2015175672A1 (en) | 2014-05-14 | 2015-11-19 | Merial, Inc. | Methods for freeze-drying and rehydrating biologics |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR101454671B1 (ko) | 2014-10-27 |
| AU2009211713B2 (en) | 2015-03-26 |
| EP2241615A1 (en) | 2010-10-20 |
| US20110008875A1 (en) | 2011-01-13 |
| NZ587266A (en) | 2012-09-28 |
| KR20100131436A (ko) | 2010-12-15 |
| EP2241615B1 (en) | 2014-11-12 |
| EP2241615A4 (en) | 2011-12-28 |
| JP5270925B2 (ja) | 2013-08-21 |
| JP2009183221A (ja) | 2009-08-20 |
| AU2009211713A1 (en) | 2009-08-13 |
| ES2529359T3 (es) | 2015-02-19 |
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