WO2009098727A2 - Process for production of natural hydraulic lime - Google Patents
Process for production of natural hydraulic lime Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009098727A2 WO2009098727A2 PCT/IT2009/000034 IT2009000034W WO2009098727A2 WO 2009098727 A2 WO2009098727 A2 WO 2009098727A2 IT 2009000034 W IT2009000034 W IT 2009000034W WO 2009098727 A2 WO2009098727 A2 WO 2009098727A2
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- raw materials
- lime
- natural
- intermediate product
- cooking
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/34—Hydraulic lime cements; Roman cements ; natural cements
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to a process for production of natural hydraulic lime. More in particular, the invention concerns a production process, suitable to give marls, marly limestones and their mixtures the shape and compactness suit for undergoing a cooking process in traditional layers furnaces for producing hydraulic lime, or equicurrent or countercurrent vertical furnaces .
- the lime is a material used mainly in construction building sector, but also in other uses, known since the ancient times: the Romans and the Phoenicians had learned to use lime as a material for buildings construction, mixed with sand to form mortar.
- Vitruvius in his work "De architectura” , describes its production starting from white stones, cooked in special ovens, to give rise to strongly hygroscopic caustic lime (calcium oxide, CaO) .
- the caustic lime was then turned off (calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH) 2 ), throwing it in special tanks filled with water. Initially, the lime was used in the form of air lime, i.e. lime able to harden only when in contact with air.
- the caustic lime was mixed with pieces of cooked clay (crockery, bricks, etc.) or with pozzuolana, a sand rich in silica, so as to alter the characteristics of strength and water resistance, in order to allow its hardening also in environments outside the contact with air, typically under water: air mortars and lime-based hydraulic limes were thus born.
- the raw material for the production of lime is limestone, a sedimentary rock rich in calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) extracted from apposite quarries. Such a material, coarsely crushed, is introduced into special ovens or furnaces, where it is gradually heated up to 800-1000 0 C so as to exit from the bottom of the furnace .
- Lime is also used as bleach and whitener, as disinfectant for environments, as correction of acid soils in agriculture and as desiccant and absorber of carbon dioxide in chemistry.
- the caustic lime is preserved in perfectly airtight containers because of its high hygroscopicity .
- the final lime, or slaked lime is obtained through a turning off reaction of the material, resulting in a violent release of heat and the weathering of the stone due to the expansive effect of the transformation from oxide to calcium hydroxide.
- the slaked lime is used as construction material (joined to sand) , as raw material for plasters (mixed with cement) , in leathers tanning, in petrochemical industry to produce additives for lubricants, for producing calcium stearate, for neutralizing and absorbing pollutants, for treating water used in food industry, for correcting acidity of soils, for preparing salts of calcium and magnesium in pharmaceutical industry, as medicament in odontologist and as a fungicide in agriculture.
- the lime is not only a basic element in building, but its applications have extended to many fields such as, for example, steel industry, refineries, agriculture and ecology industry, just to mention some of the main sectors .
- the hydraulic lime in particular, is, as the name suggests, a hydraulic binder and is therefore prepared to resist to water action,- it can be natural or artificial .
- artificial hydraulic lime is obtained starting from air lime, as said able to harden when in contact with air, and mixing it with potentially hydraulic materials, such as pozzuolana or blast furnace slag (loppa) .
- Natural hydraulic lime is produced from impure calcareous sedimentary rocks, known as marl, typically composed by a predominantly clayish fraction and a carbonate fraction, generally given by calcium carbonate (calcite) or magnesium carbonate (dolomite) .
- the marl comes from muddy sediments, of predominantly marine origin, produced in absence of current, in which the clayish component lays down for slow settling of particles of clay.
- the raw material of natural hydraulic lime limestone and clay up to 20% is crushed and cooked at a temperature of about 1100 0 C.
- Decomposition of limestone (CaCO 3 ) in lime (CaO) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) , as well as clay decomposition, is achieved at around 900 0 C, while the products of clay decomposition bind with lime (CaO) , giving rise to aluminates and silicates, at around 1000-1100 0 C.
- the residual caustic lime undergoes the same turning off reaction which occurs for air lime in order to produce slaked lime or calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) 2 ) .
- a purpose of the invention is to provide a process for production of natural hydraulic lime, which allows to give marls, marly limestones and mixtures thereof, the shape and compactness suitable to undergo a process of cooking in traditional type layers furnaces for producing hydraulic lime or in vertical kilns.
- Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a process for production of natural hydraulic lime which allows to use materials which, otherwise, would be used in less valuable applications, recovering sub- screens of other productions, with consequent effective savings of natural resources.
- Further purpose of the invention is to develop a process for production of natural hydraulic lime which uses marls mixtures and marly limestones of various types, in order to reproduce the chemical composition and the physical performance of the limes used in the ancient times and whose bodies are one and for all exhausted, with obvious utility in various application fields, especially in architectural restoration.
- the process according to the present invention does not aim to change the chemical composition of the material, but only the physical shape, in order to optimize the cooking thereof .
- an artificially produced marl suitable to be cooked in ordinary lime kilns for producing natural hydraulic lime, is obtained.
- any chemical nature and petrography rocks such as limestones, limestone marls, marly limestones, clayish marls, marly clays, pozzuolana effect artificial materials; quarry or river sands ; - clays and limes; products of working of previous materials, such as coarse crushed aggregates, washing limes, crushing powders, etc., provided they're not identified as waste, can be used as raw materials.
- Sub- screens of chemical and/or iron and steel industries, products of petrochemical origin, waste of industrial origin, coming from processes of casting, working, smokes damp, burning, etc., are, however, excluded from the raw materials used in the production process according to the present invention.
- the process provides that starting from the selected raw materials, the composition of mixtures of a series of components is carried out, making their weight dosage in order to obtain compounds with a hydraulic index substantially included between 0,2 and 0,55.
- the hydraulic index also known as hydraulicity modulus, allows to know in which ratio the different percentages of components are and is calculated as the ratio between the content of "acid" oxides (CaO and MgO) and "alkaline” oxides (Fe 2 O 3 , Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 ) , expressed as a percentage.
- the mixture may, for example, reproduce a particular kind of no longer available marl in order to replicate a type of lime necessary, for example, for a restoration operation.
- the mixture used a body of material which cannot used as it is owing to particular lying conditions or physical state, for example, because too crushed, altered by weather agents or collapsed or other.
- the mixture serves to produce a natural hydraulic lime with certain physical- mechanical properties .
- the process of production of natural hydraulic lime comprises drying in a rotating drum the raw materials used, prior to their mixing. After the mixing of raw materials or simultaneously with it, the reduction of raw materials into powders, with a fineness of 90 microns, occurs in a spheres mill.
- the mixture of fine powders is, then, transformed, using a rotating drum or granulator, into granules of raw flour, having sizes equal to about 25-30 mm, which are subsequently dried, if necessary, on a conveyor belt made of net.
- a rotating drum or granulator it is also possible to opt for the formation of briquettes, by using a rollers compacting press.
- the powder mixture is transformed into product pieces (granules or briquettes) of marl, having mass and sizes so that they can be cooked in normal lime kilns.
- the stage of calcination follows, i.e. the cooking of marl granules or briquettes in a layers vertical static furnace, with blowing of combustion air from the bottom, or in a double-vat equicurrent static regenerative furnace, or in a countercurrent static vertical furnace, using coal, petrolcoke, gas, combustible oil or wood sawings as fuel.
- any type of furnace is used, the maximum cooking temperature is kept at values included between 900 0 C and 1100 0 C, lower than the sintering temperature .
- a crushing phase of the product by means of a hammers mill which disaggregate the granules or briquettes, and the turning off of the intermediate product (caustic natural hydraulic lime) , by means of a single-stage or multistage hydrating device, adding a predefined and controlled amount of water, so as to, however, turning off the magnesium and/or calcium oxide formed during cooking, are then carried out.
- the seasoning of the intermediate product then occurs, consisting in the seasoning of the slaked natural hydraulic lime, into a proper environment with adjusted and controlled humidity, for a time which allows to reach the volume stability, e.g. about 1 month .
- the following operation provides the grinding of the intermediate product in a spheres mill having a closed path with separator, or in a track or rollers mill, so as to obtain powders with finenesses corresponding with standard EN 459-1:2002, for example not superior to 90 microns.
- the storage of the finished product (natural hydraulic lime) in special silos is carried out.
- the finished product is to all intents and purposes a natural hydraulic lime (NHL or "Natural Hydraulic Lime”), according to the definitions provided in the current Italian and European standards, and, depending on its characteristics, will be classified as NHL2, NHL3.5 or NHL5 and provided with CE marking, in accordance with the relative legislation of relevance.
- NEL Natural Hydraulic Lime
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Seasonings (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
Abstract
A process for production of natural hydraulic lime comprising at least the operations of selecting raw materials of natural origin, mixing the raw materials in proper proportions, by carrying out a weight dosage which forms compounds having a hydraulic index substantially included between 0,2 and 0,55, reducing into fine grains the mixed raw materials, transforming the fine grains of mixed raw materials into product pieces of mass and sizes so as to allow cooking in a lime kiln, cooking the product pieces at a predefined temperature in order to produce an intermediate product (caustic lime), turning off the intermediate product, seasoning for a predetermined time period the intermediate product in humidity controlled ambient, grinding the intermediate product in order to obtain the natural hydraulic lime.
Description
PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF NATURAL HYDRAULIC LIME
The present invention relates generally to a process for production of natural hydraulic lime. More in particular, the invention concerns a production process, suitable to give marls, marly limestones and their mixtures the shape and compactness suit for undergoing a cooking process in traditional layers furnaces for producing hydraulic lime, or equicurrent or countercurrent vertical furnaces .
The lime is a material used mainly in construction building sector, but also in other uses, known since the ancient times: the Romans and the Phoenicians had learned to use lime as a material for buildings construction, mixed with sand to form mortar. Vitruvius, in his work "De architectura" , describes its production starting from white stones, cooked in special ovens, to give rise to strongly hygroscopic caustic lime (calcium oxide, CaO) .
The caustic lime was then turned off (calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2), throwing it in special tanks filled with water. Initially, the lime was used in the form of air lime, i.e. lime able to harden only when in contact with
air.
Subsequently, the caustic lime was mixed with pieces of cooked clay (crockery, bricks, etc.) or with pozzuolana, a sand rich in silica, so as to alter the characteristics of strength and water resistance, in order to allow its hardening also in environments outside the contact with air, typically under water: air mortars and lime-based hydraulic limes were thus born. The raw material for the production of lime is limestone, a sedimentary rock rich in calcium carbonate (CaCO3) extracted from apposite quarries. Such a material, coarsely crushed, is introduced into special ovens or furnaces, where it is gradually heated up to 800-10000C so as to exit from the bottom of the furnace .
At this phase, a chemical calcination reaction occurs, which leads to the release of carbon dioxide and the production of calcium or caustic lime. After cooking, the stone fragments reduce their weight by about 40%, due to the atoms of carbon and oxygen lost, and take a porous consistency, typical of the caustic lime, which is sold as it is or reduced to powder for various uses, such as treatment of water (to reduce acidity) , purification (to remove
phosphates and other impurities) , paper manufacture (to dissolve wood fibres) .
Lime is also used as bleach and whitener, as disinfectant for environments, as correction of acid soils in agriculture and as desiccant and absorber of carbon dioxide in chemistry.
In any case, the caustic lime is preserved in perfectly airtight containers because of its high hygroscopicity . The final lime, or slaked lime, is obtained through a turning off reaction of the material, resulting in a violent release of heat and the weathering of the stone due to the expansive effect of the transformation from oxide to calcium hydroxide. The slaked lime is used as construction material (joined to sand) , as raw material for plasters (mixed with cement) , in leathers tanning, in petrochemical industry to produce additives for lubricants, for producing calcium stearate, for neutralizing and absorbing pollutants, for treating water used in food industry, for correcting acidity of soils, for preparing salts of calcium and magnesium in pharmaceutical industry, as medicament in odontologist and as a fungicide in agriculture. Today, as then, after centuries from the first use,
the lime is not only a basic element in building, but its applications have extended to many fields such as, for example, steel industry, refineries, agriculture and ecology industry, just to mention some of the main sectors .
The hydraulic lime, in particular, is, as the name suggests, a hydraulic binder and is therefore prepared to resist to water action,- it can be natural or artificial . Currently, artificial hydraulic lime is obtained starting from air lime, as said able to harden when in contact with air, and mixing it with potentially hydraulic materials, such as pozzuolana or blast furnace slag (loppa) . Natural hydraulic lime, however, is produced from impure calcareous sedimentary rocks, known as marl, typically composed by a predominantly clayish fraction and a carbonate fraction, generally given by calcium carbonate (calcite) or magnesium carbonate (dolomite) .
The marl comes from muddy sediments, of predominantly marine origin, produced in absence of current, in which the clayish component lays down for slow settling of particles of clay. The raw material of natural hydraulic lime (limestone
and clay up to 20%) is crushed and cooked at a temperature of about 11000C.
Decomposition of limestone (CaCO3) in lime (CaO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) , as well as clay decomposition, is achieved at around 9000C, while the products of clay decomposition bind with lime (CaO) , giving rise to aluminates and silicates, at around 1000-11000C. The residual caustic lime undergoes the same turning off reaction which occurs for air lime in order to produce slaked lime or calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) .
This type of production of the natural hydraulic lime comes from the fact that in 1850 the English John Smeaton discovered that some calcareous marls contain inside siliceous or clayish impurities and, therefore, these minerals could obtain the natural hydraulic lime, as already containing the features of hydraulicity, without the addition of external parts. However, nowadays the marls from which natural hydraulic lime is obtained, for simple cooking, are increasingly running out for the burnout of historical bodies or for the impossibility to cultivate such bodies for environmental reasons. Furthermore, materials in alternative to marls and which, in theory, possess the appropriate chemical feature for the production of natural hydraulic lime,
are often unsuitable to cooking due to physical reasons (inconsistency, impossibility to obtain appropriate sizes) , and end by being treated as waste materials. As part of the requirements mentioned above, the present invention, therefore, aims to remedy the aforesaid drawbacks .
In particular, a purpose of the invention is to provide a process for production of natural hydraulic lime, which allows to give marls, marly limestones and mixtures thereof, the shape and compactness suitable to undergo a process of cooking in traditional type layers furnaces for producing hydraulic lime or in vertical kilns. Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a process for production of natural hydraulic lime which allows to use materials which, otherwise, would be used in less valuable applications, recovering sub- screens of other productions, with consequent effective savings of natural resources.
Further purpose of the invention is to develop a process for production of natural hydraulic lime which uses marls mixtures and marly limestones of various types, in order to reproduce the chemical composition and the physical performance of the limes
used in the ancient times and whose bodies are one and for all exhausted, with obvious utility in various application fields, especially in architectural restoration. These purposes are achieved by a process for production of natural hydraulic lime according to the appended claim 1, to which they refer for the sake of brevity. The additional attached dependent claims relate to other more specific details of the process of the invention.
In advantageous way, contrary to processes used in the last century and nowadays, which tend to produce artificial hydraulic limes, combining limestones, such as air limes, and clayish or potentially hydraulic materials, such as pozzuolana or blast furnace slag in general (loppa) , the process according to the present invention does not aim to change the chemical composition of the material, but only the physical shape, in order to optimize the cooking thereof .
In particular, by means of the production process described in the present invention, through the use of selected raw materials and appropriate equipment, an artificially produced marl, suitable to be cooked
in ordinary lime kilns for producing natural hydraulic lime, is obtained.
Further purposes and advantages of the present invention will more greatly result from the description that follows, related to an illustrative, but not limited, embodiment of the process for production of natural hydraulic lime, according to the invention, with the aid of the attached drawing (figure 1) , also provided for pure way of explanatory but not limiting example, which shows an informal block diagram of the various phases of production of the natural hydraulic lime belonging to the process object of the present invention. The raw materials exclusively consist of natural origin materials, even though not necessarily in their original state, provided that the change of such a state results essentially from working processes, such as washing, crushing, screening, etc. By way of example : - any chemical nature and petrography rocks, such as limestones, limestone marls, marly limestones, clayish marls, marly clays, pozzuolana effect artificial materials; quarry or river sands ; - clays and limes;
products of working of previous materials, such as coarse crushed aggregates, washing limes, crushing powders, etc., provided they're not identified as waste, can be used as raw materials.
Sub- screens of chemical and/or iron and steel industries, products of petrochemical origin, waste of industrial origin, coming from processes of casting, working, smokes damp, burning, etc., are, however, excluded from the raw materials used in the production process according to the present invention.
According to the invention, the process provides that starting from the selected raw materials, the composition of mixtures of a series of components is carried out, making their weight dosage in order to obtain compounds with a hydraulic index substantially included between 0,2 and 0,55.
The hydraulic index, also known as hydraulicity modulus, allows to know in which ratio the different percentages of components are and is calculated as the ratio between the content of "acid" oxides (CaO and MgO) and "alkaline" oxides (Fe2O3, Al2O3, SiO2) , expressed as a percentage. The mixture may, for example, reproduce a particular
kind of no longer available marl in order to replicate a type of lime necessary, for example, for a restoration operation.
In other cases, the mixture used a body of material which cannot used as it is owing to particular lying conditions or physical state, for example, because too crushed, altered by weather agents or collapsed or other. In general, however, the mixture serves to produce a natural hydraulic lime with certain physical- mechanical properties .
After selection and before mixing, the raw materials are properly stored or stocked. In the case at issue, the process of production of natural hydraulic lime comprises drying in a rotating drum the raw materials used, prior to their mixing. After the mixing of raw materials or simultaneously with it, the reduction of raw materials into powders, with a fineness of 90 microns, occurs in a spheres mill.
The mixture of fine powders is, then, transformed, using a rotating drum or granulator, into granules of raw flour, having sizes equal to about 25-30 mm, which are subsequently dried, if necessary, on a conveyor belt made of net.
Alternatively, it is also possible to opt for the formation of briquettes, by using a rollers compacting press.
In any case, the powder mixture is transformed into product pieces (granules or briquettes) of marl, having mass and sizes so that they can be cooked in normal lime kilns.
At this point, the stage of calcination follows, i.e. the cooking of marl granules or briquettes in a layers vertical static furnace, with blowing of combustion air from the bottom, or in a double-vat equicurrent static regenerative furnace, or in a countercurrent static vertical furnace, using coal, petrolcoke, gas, combustible oil or wood sawings as fuel.
In any case, any type of furnace is used, the maximum cooking temperature is kept at values included between 9000C and 11000C, lower than the sintering temperature . A crushing phase of the product, by means of a hammers mill which disaggregate the granules or briquettes, and the turning off of the intermediate product (caustic natural hydraulic lime) , by means of a single-stage or multistage hydrating device, adding a predefined and controlled amount of water, so as
to, however, turning off the magnesium and/or calcium oxide formed during cooking, are then carried out. The seasoning of the intermediate product then occurs, consisting in the seasoning of the slaked natural hydraulic lime, into a proper environment with adjusted and controlled humidity, for a time which allows to reach the volume stability, e.g. about 1 month . The following operation provides the grinding of the intermediate product in a spheres mill having a closed path with separator, or in a track or rollers mill, so as to obtain powders with finenesses corresponding with standard EN 459-1:2002, for example not superior to 90 microns. Finally, the storage of the finished product (natural hydraulic lime) in special silos is carried out. Regardless the type of mixture used, as far as physical, chemical and mineralogical features are concerned, the finished product is to all intents and purposes a natural hydraulic lime (NHL or "Natural Hydraulic Lime"), according to the definitions provided in the current Italian and European standards, and, depending on its characteristics, will be classified as NHL2, NHL3.5 or NHL5 and provided with CE marking, in accordance with the
relative legislation of relevance.
From the description just made, therefore, the salient features of the process for production of natural hydraulic lime, which is the object of the present invention, as well the resulting benefits, are clear.
It is, finally, clear that many variations can be made to the production process in question, without for this reason going out of the novelty principles inherent to the inventive idea, as it is clear that in the practical implementation of the invention, materials, shapes and sizes of the illustrated details could be any depending on the needs and the same could be replaced with others technically equivalent.
Claims
1. Process for production of natural hydraulic lime characterized in that it includes at least the following operations: selecting raw materials of natural origin; mixing said raw materials in proper proportions, making a weight dosage which forms compounds having a hydraulic index included substantially between 0,2 and 0,55; reducing into fine grains said mixed raw materials; transforming said fine grains of mixed raw materials into product pieces of mass and sizes as to allow their cooking in a lime kiln; cooking said product pieces at a predefined temperature in order to produce an intermediate product; turning off said intermediate product; - seasoning for a predetermined time period said intermediate product in humidity controlled environment ; grinding said intermediate in order to obtain said natural hydraulic lime.
2. Process as claim 1) characterized in that said raw materials include any of the materials selected from the group consisting of rocks such as limestone, limestone marls, marly limestones, clayish marls, marly clays and/or pozzuolana effect artificial materials, quarry or river sand, clays and/or limes, working products such as coarse crushed aggregates, washing limes and/or crushing grains.
3. Process as claim 1) characterized in that said mixtures reproduce particular kinds of natural marls, in order to replicate a specific type of lime, and/or use bodies of material which cannot be used as such in any way due to special lying conditions or physical state.
4. Process as claim 1) characterized in that it comprises the operation of storing said raw materials, performed after said selection operation and before said mixing operation of said raw materials .
5. Process as to claim 4) characterized in that it comprises the operation of drying said raw materials in a rotary drum, carried out after said storing operation of said raw materials and before said mixing operation of said raw materials.
6. Process as claim 1) characterized in that it comprises the operation of storing said natural hydraulic lime, performed after said grinding operation of said intermediate product.
7. Process as claim 1) characterized in that said operation of reducing into grains said mixed raw materials consists in a crushing of said raw materials in a spheres mill to a fineness not superior to 90 microns.
8. Process as claim 1) characterized in that said product pieces produced from the transforming of said fine grains of mixed raw materials belong to any of the materials selected from the group consisting of granules of 25/30 mm sizes, briquettes and the like.
9. Process as claim 8) characterized by in that said grains are produced by means of a rotating drum granulator and are subsequently submitted to drying on a conveyor belt made of a net.
10. Process as claim 9) characterized in that said briquettes are produced by means of a rollers compacting press .
11. Process as claim 1) characterized in that said cooking operation consists in a calcination carried out in a layers vertical static furnace, with blowing of combustion air from the bottom, or in a double-vat equicurrent static regenerative furnace or in a static vertical furnace in countercurrent , at a maximum temperature lower than the sintering temperature .
12. Process as claim 1) characterized in that said predefined temperature is include between 9000C and 11000C.
13. Process as claim 1) characterized in that it comprises, after said cooking operation and before said turning off operation, a crushing operation of said product pieces by means of a hammers mill.
14. Process as claim 1) characterized in that said turning off operation of said caustic natural hydraulic lime is carried out through single-stage or multistage hydrating device adding water in prefixed and controlled quantity.
15. Process as claim 1) characterized in that said predetermined time period in which said operation of seasoning occurs is that one necessary to achieve volume stability.
16. Process as claim 1) characterized in that said grinding operation of said intermediate product is carried out in a spheres mill having a closed circuit with separator, or in a track or rollers mill, in order to obtain said lime with fineness corresponding with the standard EN 459-1:2002.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ITVI20080030 ITVI20080030A1 (en) | 2008-02-06 | 2008-02-06 | PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF NATURAL HYDRAULIC LIME. |
| ITVI2008A000030 | 2008-02-06 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2009098727A2 true WO2009098727A2 (en) | 2009-08-13 |
| WO2009098727A3 WO2009098727A3 (en) | 2009-09-24 |
Family
ID=40292100
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IT2009/000034 Ceased WO2009098727A2 (en) | 2008-02-06 | 2009-02-05 | Process for production of natural hydraulic lime |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| IT (1) | ITVI20080030A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009098727A2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103466968A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2013-12-25 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Method for preparing natural hydraulic lime with lead and zinc mine tailings |
| US20200331806A1 (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2020-10-22 | Yildiz Teknik Universitesi | Production method of ready injection material comprising nano hydraulic lime |
| WO2025145008A1 (en) * | 2023-12-28 | 2025-07-03 | Supernatural Holdings, Pbc | System and method for composite carbon absorbing building material |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NO127185B (en) * | 1971-10-08 | 1973-05-21 | Elkem Spigerverket As | |
| DE2625067C3 (en) * | 1976-06-04 | 1980-01-10 | Anneliese Zementwerke Ag, 4722 Ennigerloh | Cement-based filling compound with high water-binding agent values |
| RU2074133C1 (en) * | 1992-07-16 | 1997-02-27 | Новосибирский аграрный университет | Raw material mixture for production of hydraulic binder |
| DE19743742C2 (en) * | 1997-10-02 | 2001-08-23 | Sicowa Verfahrenstech | Process for making quicklime |
| JP4336793B2 (en) * | 2003-05-30 | 2009-09-30 | 吉澤石灰工業株式会社 | Method for producing hydraulic material and hydraulic building material |
-
2008
- 2008-02-06 IT ITVI20080030 patent/ITVI20080030A1/en unknown
-
2009
- 2009-02-05 WO PCT/IT2009/000034 patent/WO2009098727A2/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103466968A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2013-12-25 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Method for preparing natural hydraulic lime with lead and zinc mine tailings |
| US20200331806A1 (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2020-10-22 | Yildiz Teknik Universitesi | Production method of ready injection material comprising nano hydraulic lime |
| US11691918B2 (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2023-07-04 | Yildiz Teknik Universitesi | Production method of ready injection material comprising nano hydraulic lime |
| WO2025145008A1 (en) * | 2023-12-28 | 2025-07-03 | Supernatural Holdings, Pbc | System and method for composite carbon absorbing building material |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2009098727A3 (en) | 2009-09-24 |
| ITVI20080030A1 (en) | 2009-08-07 |
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