WO2009097416A1 - Imidazolylalkyl-pyridines utilisées comme inhibiteurs de la dbh - Google Patents
Imidazolylalkyl-pyridines utilisées comme inhibiteurs de la dbh Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009097416A1 WO2009097416A1 PCT/US2009/032419 US2009032419W WO2009097416A1 WO 2009097416 A1 WO2009097416 A1 WO 2009097416A1 US 2009032419 W US2009032419 W US 2009032419W WO 2009097416 A1 WO2009097416 A1 WO 2009097416A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- lower alkyl
- hydrogen
- compound
- methyl
- cns
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/4427—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/4439—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a five-membered ring with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. omeprazole
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/06—Antihyperlipidemics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P5/00—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system
- A61P5/06—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system of the anterior pituitary hormones, e.g. TSH, ACTH, FSH, LH, PRL, GH
- A61P5/08—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system of the anterior pituitary hormones, e.g. TSH, ACTH, FSH, LH, PRL, GH for decreasing, blocking or antagonising the activity of the anterior pituitary hormones
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/12—Antihypertensives
Definitions
- DBH dopamine-beta-hydroxylase
- Inhibitors of dopamine-beta-hydroxylase are reported to be useful for a variety of clinical purposes including but not limited to regulation of lipid metabolism, vasodilation, and treatment of hypertension, congestive heart failure, hyperthyroidism, Parkinson Disease, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, and Reward Deficiency Syndrom (RDS), and other diseases or conditions which are positively affected by increased dopamine and/or by decreased norepinephrine.
- the present invention relates to the use of an imidazolyl pyridine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, as an inhibitor of dopamine-beta- hydroxylase (DBH) for treatment of CNS conditions and non-CNS conditions mediated in whole or in part by DBH activity.
- DBH dopamine-beta- hydroxylase
- Non-CNS conditions include, for example, for regulation of lipid metabolism, for vasodilation, and for treatment of hypertension, congestive heart failure, and hyperthyroidism.
- CNS conditions include, for example, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, and Reward Deficiency Syndrom (RDS). More particularly, the present invention relates to use of compounds of formula (I),
- Ri is hydrogen, lower alkyl, halogen with an atomic number of 9 to 35 or amino optionally mono- or disubstituted by lower alkyl
- R 2 and R3 independently of one another are hydrogen or lower alkyl
- R 4 is hydrogen, hydroxy, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy or halogen with an atomic number of 9 to 35, in free base or acid addition salt form
- the bridge between the pyridine and the imidazole, illustrated as methylene is methylene or ethylene, to treat one or more of the following disorders: abnormal lipid regulation, hypertension, congestive heart failure, hyperthyroidism, cerebral arterial spasm (cerebral vasospasms), Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, or Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS) as well, in general, as other conditions that can be positively affected by inhibition of DBH.
- abnormal lipid regulation hypertension
- congestive heart failure hyperthyroidism
- cerebral arterial spasm Cerebral vasospasms
- FIG. 1 shows DBH activity following treatment of human serum with Compound A at varied concentrations.
- lower in the context of alkyl and alkoxy groups, denotes a radical having up to 7 carbon atoms, preferably up to 4 carbon atoms and more preferably up to 2 carbon atoms. Consequently, lower alkyl has especially up to 7 carbon atoms, preferably up to 4 carbon atoms, and in particular up to 2 carbon atoms and is, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, or hexyl.
- lower alkoxy has up to 7 carbon atoms, preferably up to 4 carbon atoms, and in particular up to 2 carbon atoms and is, for example, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, tert- butoxy or hexyloxy.
- lower alkyl or lower alkoxy groups present in the compounds of Formula (I) preferably have one or two carbon atoms and especially signify methyl or methoxy.
- the imidazolylmethyl radical is preferably in position 2 of the pyridine.
- Ri is preferably methyl or ethyl, more preferably methyl.
- R 2 and R3 are preferably each hydrogen.
- R 4 is preferably methyl, ethyl or hydrogen, more preferably methyl or hydrogen, and in particular hydrogen.
- Ri is lower alkyl
- R 2 and R 3 independently of one another are hydrogen or lower alkyl
- R 4 is hydrogen, lower alkyl or halogen with an atomic number of 9 to 35.
- Ri is methyl
- R 2 and R 3 independently of one another are hydrogen or methyl
- R 4 is hydrogen, methyl or halogen with an atomic number of 9 to 35.
- Halogen with an atomic number of 9 to 35 denote in particular a fluorine and chlorine residue, more particularly a chlorine residue.
- the preferred compound for use in the method of the invention is 2-(2- methylimidazol-1 -yl)methyl]pyhdine, hereinafter referred to as Compound A.
- the compounds of Formula (I) may be present in free base form or in the form of their acid addition salts, including, for example, hydrogen fumarate and fumarate salt forms. Acid addition salts may be produced from the free bases in known manner, and vice versa.
- the compounds of Formula (I) are known, e.g., from U.S. Patent Nos. 5,856,343 and 5,635,521 , which are incorporated herein by reference, or may be produced in accordance with known processes, i.e., analogously to known processes.
- the compounds according to the invention are therefore useful to treat or prevent abnormal lipid metabolism, hypertension, congestive heart failure, and hyperthyroidism.
- Abnormal lipid metabolism includes, for example, elevated plasma concentrations of one or more of cholesterol, triglycerides, very low density lipoproteins, and low density lipoproteins and low plasma concentrations of high density lipoproteins.
- treatment refers to both prophylactic or preventive treatment as well as curative or disease-modifying treatment, including treatment of patients at risk of contracting the disease/disorder or suspected to have contracted the disease/disorder as well as patients who are ill or have been diagnosed as suffering from a disease or medical condition.
- Human serum is treated with Compound A at different concentrations (7 ⁇ M to 300 mM). (500-x) ⁇ l of serum and x ⁇ l of drug are combined. Two samples are made with just serum; one of which will serve as a baseline (serum and tyramine), and the other of which will serve as a blank (serum without tyramine). Samples are incubated at 37 0 C for 30 minutes.
- 800 ⁇ l of the reaction mix (6 ml sodium acetate pH 5; 1.5 ml 0.2 M fumarate; 1.5 ml 0.2 M ascorbate; 1.5 ml 0.02 m pargyline; 4.5 ml 0.2 M NEM; 3.0 ml catalase; 6 ml H 2 O for 24 samples) is pipetted into plastic centrifuge tubes, and 50 ⁇ l of human serum and previously-included drug are added. 100 ⁇ l of tyramine is added (exclusive of the blank), and the centrifuge tubes are mixed in a vortex. Centrifuge tubes are incubated for 30 minutes at 37 0 C.
- the reaction is stopped after 30 minutes by placing samples in ice, and adding 200 ⁇ l of 20% PCA, and vortexing. The tubes are then centrifuged for 20 minutes at 5,000 rpm, or 12K g for 5 minutes, to pellet the protein precipitate.
- a 1 :1 suspension of AG50W-X4 and water is made (Biorad # 142-1351 ; 10 ml pack volume of AG50W-X4 and 10 ml of H 2 O; suspension can be stored at + 4°C).
- 500 ⁇ l of suspension is added to a Microbio-spin column (Biorad #73266204), followed by centrifuge at 1000 g for 1 minute. The liquid is then discarded.
- the international units are expressed per liter (iu/l), where one international unit represents one micromole of substrate (tyramine) converted to product (octopamine) per minute.
- the loss of efficacy of Compound A at pH 7 may be explained by the limited solubility of Compound A at pH 7, due to partial protonation of only one of the two nitrogens (pKa's of Compound A are 4.92 and 7.79). Moreover, the activity of the DBH enzyme is optimal at pH 5, a range in which Compound A is perfectly in solution and protonated on both nitrogens.
- the above example therefore supports use of Compound A and related structures, as described herein, in the treatment of disorders mediated by DBH activity.
- the method of the invention pertains to treatment of non-CNS disorders, such as those listed above.
- the method can also be used to treat CNS conditions mediated in whole or in part by DBH activity in the central nervous system, e.g., the brain.
- CNS conditions include post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and Reward Deficiency Syndrom (RDS), but do not include senile dementia, Alzheimer's Disease and further degenerative diseases characterized by cholinergic and noradrenergic lesions such as Huntington's chorea, Morbus Parkinson, Steei-Richardson syndrome, tardive dyskinesias, hyperkinesia, acute confusion disorders. Down's syndrome, myasthenia gravis and Friedrich's ataxia and depression.
- PTSD post-traumatic stress disorder
- RDS Reward Deficiency Syndrom
- the compounds according to the invention may be administered by any conventional route, in particular enterally, orally, or topically, for example in the form of tablets, capsules or eye drops, or parenterally, for example in the form of injectable solutions or suspensions.
- An effective amount of the active agent of the invention may be administered to a subject animal (typically a human but other animals, e.g., farm animals, pets and racing animals, can also be treated).
- a subject animal typically a human but other animals, e.g., farm animals, pets and racing animals, can also be treated.
- An effective amount is an amount that prevents, inhibits, or terminates symptoms of the particular condition being treated.
- the appropriate dosage will, of course, vary depending upon, for example, the compound employed, the host, the mode of administration and the nature and severity of the condition being treated. However, in general, satisfactory results in animals are indicated to be obtained at daily dosages from about 0.05 to about 50 mg/kg animal body weight. In larger mammals, such as humans, an indicated daily dosage may typically range from about 0.1 mg to about 1600 mg, more typically about 1 mg to about 800 mg, and most typically about 10 mg to about 200 mg, conveniently administered, for example, in divided doses up to four times a day.
- the amount of the compound actually administered will be determined by a physician, in the light of the relevant circumstances, including the condition to be treated, the choice of compound to be administered, the chosen route of administration, the age, weight, and response of the individual patient, and the severity of the patient's symptoms.
- an imidazolylmethyl-pyridine will normally be administered as a pharmaceutical composition
- a pharmaceutical composition comprising as the (or an) essential active ingredient at least one such compound in association with a solid or liquid pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and, optionally, with pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvants and excipients employing standard and conventional techniques.
- the pharmaceutical compositions include suitable dosage forms for oral, parenteral (including subcutaneous, intramuscular, intradermal, intravenous, transdermal (such as via a dermal patch, gel, microneedle, iontophoresis, sonophoresis, or phonophoresis)), bronchial or nasal administration.
- the preparation may be tableted, placed in a hard gelatin capsule in powder or pellet form, in the form of a troche or lozenge, or in a chewable format such as a chewing gum.
- the solid carrier may contain conventional excipients such as binding agents, fillers, tableting lubricants, disintegrants, wetting agents and the like.
- the tablet may, if desired, be film coated by conventional techniques.
- a liquid carrier the preparation may be in the form of a syrup, emulsion, soft gelatin capsule, sterile vehicle for injection, an aqueous or non-aqueous liquid suspension, or may be a dry product for reconstitution with water or other suitable vehicle before use.
- Liquid preparations may contain conventional additives such as suspending agents, emulsifying agents, wetting agents, non-aqueous vehicle (including edible oils), preservatives, as well as flavoring and/or coloring agents.
- a vehicle normally will comprise sterile water, at least in large part, although saline solutions, glucose solutions and the like may be utilized.
- injectable suspensions also may be used, in which case conventional suspending agents may be employed.
- Conventional preservatives, buffering agents and the like also may be added to parenteral dosage forms.
- compositions are prepared by conventional techniques appropriate to the desired preparation containing appropriate amounts of the active ingredient, that is, the compound of Formula (I) according to the invention. See, for example, Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mack Publishing Company, Easton, Pa., 17th edition, 1985.
- the active ingredient(s) will usually be mixed with a carrier, or diluted by a carrier, or enclosed within a carrier, which may be in the form of a capsule, sachet, paper, or other container.
- a carrier which may be in the form of a capsule, sachet, paper, or other container.
- the carrier serves as a diluent, it may be a solid, semi-solid, or liquid material which acts as a vehicle, excipient or medium for the active ingredient.
- the composition can be in the form of tablets, pills, powders, lozenges, gum, sachets, cachets, elixirs, suspensions, emulsions, solutions, syrups, aerosols (as a solid or in a liquid medium), ointments containing for example up to 10% by weight of the active compound, soft and hard gelatin capsules, suppositories, sterile injectable solutions and sterile packaged powders.
- suitable carriers and diluents include lactose, dextrose, sucrose, sorbitol, mannitol, starches, gum acacia, calcium phosphate, alginates, tragacanth, gelatin, calcium silicate, microcrystalline cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, cellulose, water, syrup, methyl cellulose, methyl- and propylhydroxybenzoates, talc, magnesium stearate and mineral oil.
- the formulations can additionally include lubricating agents, wetting agents, emulsifying and suspending agents, preserving agents, sweetening agents, or flavoring agents.
- the compositions of the invention may be formulated so as to provide quick, sustained or delayed release of the active ingredient after administration to the patient.
- compositions are preferably formulated in a unit dosage form, each dosage containing from about 0.1 to 800 mg of the active ingredient.
- unit dosage form refers to physically discrete units suitable as unitary dosages for human subjects and other mammals, each unit containing a predetermined quantity of active material calculated to produce the desired therapeutic effect, in association with the required pharmaceutical carrier.
- the compounds of the present invention can also be used in combination with other agents, especially agents also shown to be useful in treating addictive disorders, psychoactive substance use disorders, intoxication disorders, inhalation disorders, alcohol addiction, tobacco addiction and or nicotine addiction, by substitution for a more harmful substance.
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- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
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- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Diabetes (AREA)
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- Obesity (AREA)
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- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
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Abstract
L'invention concerne une méthode de régulation du métabolisme lipidique, de la vasodilation, et une méthode de traitement de l'hypertension, de l'insuffisance cardiaque congestive, de l'hyperthyroïdie et d'autres maladies ou états liés ou non au système nerveux central, y compris les troubles de stress post-traumatique et le trait hypodopaminergique (RDS), sur lesquels l'inhibition de la DBH et/ou l'accroissement de la dopamine et/ou la diminution de la noradrénaline influent positivement.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US2426608P | 2008-01-29 | 2008-01-29 | |
| US61/024,266 | 2008-01-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2009097416A1 true WO2009097416A1 (fr) | 2009-08-06 |
Family
ID=40419136
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2009/032419 Ceased WO2009097416A1 (fr) | 2008-01-29 | 2009-01-29 | Imidazolylalkyl-pyridines utilisées comme inhibiteurs de la dbh |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO2009097416A1 (fr) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012030953A1 (fr) | 2010-09-01 | 2012-03-08 | Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Agonistes du récepteur 5-ht2c dans traitement de troubles améliorés par réduction du taux de noradrénaline |
| US8999970B2 (en) | 2010-09-01 | 2015-04-07 | Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Administration of an anti-obesity compound to individuals with renal impairment |
| US9169213B2 (en) | 2012-10-09 | 2015-10-27 | Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Method of weight management |
| US9248133B2 (en) | 2010-09-01 | 2016-02-02 | Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Salts of lorcaserin with optically active acids |
| US9365521B2 (en) | 2010-09-01 | 2016-06-14 | Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Non-hygroscopic salts of 5-HT2C agonists |
| US10226471B2 (en) | 2010-09-01 | 2019-03-12 | Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Modified-release dosage forms of 5-HT2C agonists useful for weight management |
Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3701832A (en) * | 1969-11-19 | 1972-10-31 | Merck & Co Inc | Method of inhibiting dopamine beta-hydroxylase |
| US4634711A (en) * | 1985-08-02 | 1987-01-06 | Smithkline Beckman Corporation | Pyridylalkyl imidazole-2-thiols |
| EP0244803A2 (fr) * | 1986-05-06 | 1987-11-11 | Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Inhibiteurs de dopamine-bêta-hydroxylase |
| EP0302603A1 (fr) * | 1987-07-09 | 1989-02-08 | Smithkline Beecham Corporation | Inhibiteurs de dopamine-bêta-hydroxylase |
| EP0534904A1 (fr) * | 1991-09-23 | 1993-03-31 | Sandoz Ltd. | Imidazolylméthylpyridines |
| US5635521A (en) * | 1991-09-23 | 1997-06-03 | Sandoz Ltd. | Imidazolylmethyl-pyridines |
| WO2001049871A2 (fr) * | 2000-01-06 | 2001-07-12 | Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma Kg | Methode de recherche d'un inhibiteur de protease |
| WO2001081326A1 (fr) * | 2000-04-21 | 2001-11-01 | Suntory Limited | 1-aza-2-imino-hétérocycles substitués et leur utilisation comme activateurs de récepteurs nicotiniques d'acétylcholine |
| WO2001081334A2 (fr) * | 2000-04-21 | 2001-11-01 | Suntory Limited | Composes amidines cycliques |
| EP1176141A1 (fr) * | 1999-03-05 | 2002-01-30 | Suntory Limited | COMPOSES HETEROCYCLIQUES POSSEDANT UN EFFET D'ACTIVATION DU RECEPTEUR $g(a)4$g(b)2 DE L'ACETYLCHOLINE NICOTINIQUE |
| US20040010015A1 (en) * | 2000-07-07 | 2004-01-15 | Wasimul Haque | Pyridoxine and pyridoxal analogues: new uses |
-
2009
- 2009-01-29 WO PCT/US2009/032419 patent/WO2009097416A1/fr not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3701832A (en) * | 1969-11-19 | 1972-10-31 | Merck & Co Inc | Method of inhibiting dopamine beta-hydroxylase |
| US4634711A (en) * | 1985-08-02 | 1987-01-06 | Smithkline Beckman Corporation | Pyridylalkyl imidazole-2-thiols |
| EP0244803A2 (fr) * | 1986-05-06 | 1987-11-11 | Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Inhibiteurs de dopamine-bêta-hydroxylase |
| EP0302603A1 (fr) * | 1987-07-09 | 1989-02-08 | Smithkline Beecham Corporation | Inhibiteurs de dopamine-bêta-hydroxylase |
| EP0534904A1 (fr) * | 1991-09-23 | 1993-03-31 | Sandoz Ltd. | Imidazolylméthylpyridines |
| US5635521A (en) * | 1991-09-23 | 1997-06-03 | Sandoz Ltd. | Imidazolylmethyl-pyridines |
| EP1176141A1 (fr) * | 1999-03-05 | 2002-01-30 | Suntory Limited | COMPOSES HETEROCYCLIQUES POSSEDANT UN EFFET D'ACTIVATION DU RECEPTEUR $g(a)4$g(b)2 DE L'ACETYLCHOLINE NICOTINIQUE |
| WO2001049871A2 (fr) * | 2000-01-06 | 2001-07-12 | Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma Kg | Methode de recherche d'un inhibiteur de protease |
| WO2001081326A1 (fr) * | 2000-04-21 | 2001-11-01 | Suntory Limited | 1-aza-2-imino-hétérocycles substitués et leur utilisation comme activateurs de récepteurs nicotiniques d'acétylcholine |
| WO2001081334A2 (fr) * | 2000-04-21 | 2001-11-01 | Suntory Limited | Composes amidines cycliques |
| US20040010015A1 (en) * | 2000-07-07 | 2004-01-15 | Wasimul Haque | Pyridoxine and pyridoxal analogues: new uses |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012030953A1 (fr) | 2010-09-01 | 2012-03-08 | Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Agonistes du récepteur 5-ht2c dans traitement de troubles améliorés par réduction du taux de noradrénaline |
| US8999970B2 (en) | 2010-09-01 | 2015-04-07 | Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Administration of an anti-obesity compound to individuals with renal impairment |
| US9248133B2 (en) | 2010-09-01 | 2016-02-02 | Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Salts of lorcaserin with optically active acids |
| US9365521B2 (en) | 2010-09-01 | 2016-06-14 | Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Non-hygroscopic salts of 5-HT2C agonists |
| US9770455B2 (en) | 2010-09-01 | 2017-09-26 | Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Administration of an anti-obesity compound to individuals with renal impairment |
| US10226471B2 (en) | 2010-09-01 | 2019-03-12 | Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Modified-release dosage forms of 5-HT2C agonists useful for weight management |
| US10463676B2 (en) | 2010-09-01 | 2019-11-05 | Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Modified-release dosage forms of 5-HT2C agonists useful for weight management |
| US9169213B2 (en) | 2012-10-09 | 2015-10-27 | Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Method of weight management |
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