WO2009092916A1 - Plantar orthosis - Google Patents
Plantar orthosis Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009092916A1 WO2009092916A1 PCT/FR2008/001564 FR2008001564W WO2009092916A1 WO 2009092916 A1 WO2009092916 A1 WO 2009092916A1 FR 2008001564 W FR2008001564 W FR 2008001564W WO 2009092916 A1 WO2009092916 A1 WO 2009092916A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- orthosis
- metatarsal
- plantar
- heads
- corrective
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
- A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
- A43B7/22—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with fixed flat-foot insertions, metatarsal supports, ankle flaps or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
- A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
- A43B7/1405—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form
- A43B7/1415—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot
- A43B7/142—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot situated under the medial arch, i.e. under the navicular or cuneiform bones
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
- A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
- A43B7/1405—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form
- A43B7/1415—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot
- A43B7/1425—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot situated under the ball of the foot, i.e. the joint between the first metatarsal and first phalange
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
- A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
- A43B7/1405—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form
- A43B7/1415—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot
- A43B7/143—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot situated under the lateral arch, i.e. the cuboid bone
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
- A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
- A43B7/1405—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form
- A43B7/1415—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot
- A43B7/1435—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot situated under the joint between the fifth phalange and the fifth metatarsal bone
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
- A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
- A43B7/1405—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form
- A43B7/1415—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot
- A43B7/1445—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot situated under the midfoot, i.e. the second, third or fourth metatarsal
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of plantar arteries.
- plantar orthotics have been made to measure in a somewhat empirical way, using materials such as foam foams or cork covered with leather, without precise control of the density and hardness of the chosen materials, and without research. thrust of profile shapes optimized according to the desired therapeutic action.
- US-A-5,611,153 discloses an orthosis having a posterior corrective element, and whose anterior part terminates either behind or in front of the metatarsal heads of the wearer of the orthosis. It is stated in this document that the anterior part should preferably not terminate directly above the metatarsal line, in order to avoid some discomfort for the wearer of the orthosis.
- Document FR-A-2 766 673 thus describes a unitary plantar orthosis which comprises a bearing shim associated with the first metatarsal head.
- Document EP-A-0 820 706 describes a plantar orthosis constituted by a unitary assembly present in addition to elevation, internal and external correction elements, as well as an earlier correction element with a convex central portion only associated with the second, third, and fourth metatarsal heads, and exerting its action behind these heads ( it is said that it is a retro-capital element), in order to unload said heads while limiting the support.
- US 2 681 515 A discloses a plantar orthosis having internal and external correction elements, and an anterior corrective element arranged at the lower face of the orthosis. It is important to note that this correction element has the sole function of unloading the metatarsal heads.
- FIG. 1 shows, moreover, that the corrective element is disposed behind the metatarsal heads, and therefore that said element constitutes a retro-capital and non-capital element.
- the transverse profile of the corrective element is flat. This is a sub-capital discharge bar.
- DE-I 235 773 B describes a plantar orthosis having a transverse bead at the level of the groove of the toes.
- This prior corrective element acts at the level of the phalanx heads and not at the level of the metatarsal heads.
- Figures 7 and 8 illustrate a central support whose positioning shows that it is retro-capital, the support of Figure 8 only for certain metatarsals.
- the rib which is in front of the metatarsal heads, has the sole function of filling the central groove at the base of the toes.
- US-2,081,474 A discloses a plantar orthosis having a transverse bump on the upper face and a transverse pad on the underside, which are superimposed.
- the view of Figure 1 shows that the correction element thus formed is again a retro-capital discharge bar, and also that the first metatarsal head is not concerned. It is finally noted that the pad is of constant thickness.
- US-2,426,735 A discloses a plantar orthosis having an anterior element.
- it is a support bar and propulsion of the metatarsal heads, without correction exerted, serving to fill the void of the anterior arch by a transverse profile curved in the center ( Figure 7), with the same support height for the first and the last metatarsal heads.
- ⁇ S-4 955 148 A discloses a plantar orthosis having an anterior corrective element that extends transversely across the width of the orthosis, with a height that remains constant. As for the positioning of this element, it is not expressly indicated that it acts at the level of the metatarsal heads.
- US-2 468 264 A discloses a plantar orthosis having an anterior corrective element, but this element is disposed below the central or rear parts of the metatarsals, so that the action is not directed towards the metatarsal heads. It should be noted that the height decreases in a transverse direction, in descending order of the metatarsals, and that the profile is curved in a longitudinal direction.
- the technological background is also illustrated by WO-A-Ol 89 337, FR-A-2 803 495, US-A-4 759 136 and WO-A-96 12 420.
- the general education of the state of the art is generally directed to plantar orthotics which, at most, are interested in a therapeutic action exerted on some only metatarsal heads, in front of or behind them according to the dysfunction identified for the person concerned.
- the object of the invention is to design a plantar orthosis arranged to exert a therapeutic action at the level of the set of metatarsal heads, while being as universal as possible and capable of exerting a correction of the dynamic rotation of the foot for a very large population of carriers.
- a plantar orthosis constituted by a unitary assembly presenting, in an internal correction reference element and an external correction reference element intended to be in contact with the inner and outer midfoot respectively of the wearer of said orthosis, as well as an anterior corrective element intended to be below the metatarsal heads.
- said anterior corrector element being shaped to act on the five metatarsal heads of the wearer by positioning each respective metatarsal head at an angle of inclination with respect to the ground corresponding to the metatarsal angle thereof in an anatomical reference physiological position, the anterior corrective element extending, in a transverse direction of the orthosis, over almost the entire width of said orthosis, and, in a longitudinal direction of the orthosis, on a predetermined distance sufficient to provide the desired support of the five metatarsal heads of the wearer, and the anterior corrective element having, in the transverse direction of the orthosis, a substantially convex shape, and, in the longitudinal direction of the orthosis, a substantially flat shape, said convex shape of the prior corrective element being defined by a transverse profile whose height decreases from the first metatarsal head to the last metatarsal head according to claim 1.
- the prior corrector element is therefore sub-capital type, insofar as it recharges the metatarsal heads, positioning said heads as they should be.
- the therapeutic action exerted by such an earlier corrective element is therefore radically different from that exerted by the retro-capital elements of the state of the art, which aim at contrary to unloading the metatarsal heads by limiting their support to the ground.
- the curved shape of the prior corrective element is defined by a transverse profile of convex shape whose height decreases progressively in the increasing order of the metatarsal heads, or alternatively by a transverse profile whose height is constant. for the first metatarsal heads, especially the first three heads, then gradually decreases for the last metatarsal heads.
- the transverse profile of the convex shape of the prior corrector element obeys five heights corresponding respectively to the desired angles of inclination of the metatarsal heads with respect to the ground, irrespective of the size of the wearer's foot.
- the five heights of the transverse profile lie between 8 and 10 mm for the height associated with the support of the first metatarsal head, and 1 to 2 mm for the height associated with the support of the last metatarsal head.
- the prior corrective element is arranged at the lower face of the orthosis.
- the longitudinal profile of the flat shape of the prior corrective element connects smoothly with the rectilinear profile of the underside of the orthosis.
- the prior corrective element is arranged at the lower face of the orthosis.
- it may alternatively provide an arrangement at the upper face of the orthosis, but the realization of said orthosis will be a little more complicated.
- the corrective element can be integrated unitarily with the remaining part of the orthosis, or alternatively be attached to said remaining portion of the orthosis, and fixed thereto. It can then be provided that the remaining portion of the orthosis further has, in elevation, a posterior corrective element having a reduced thickness area adjacent to the internal or external correction reference element.
- the anterior corrective element is part of a lower orthosis part, which is fixed face to face against an upper part of the orthesis, which includes the reference elements of internal and external correction.
- the lower part of the orthosis of which the front corrector element is part has, on its lower face, a posterior corrective element having a zone of reduced thickness. adjacent to the plumb line of the internal or external correction element of the orthosis upper part.
- the orthosis is made from a material having a density of between 50 and 450 kg / m 3 , with a preference for a density of between 100 and 250 kg / m 3 , and a Shore hardness of between 10 and and 95, with a preference for a hardness of between 15 and 60.
- FIG. 1 illustrates, in plan view, a plantar orthosis according to the invention, the geometry of which is specified by the cross sections of FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, and the longitudinal sections of FIGS. 5 and 6 which are sections. according to VV and VI - VI of Figure 1;
- FIG. 7 illustrates a variant of plantar orthosis according to the invention, the geometry of which is also specified by the cross sections of FIGS. 8, 9 and 10, and by the longitudinal sections of FIGS. 11 and 12 which are sections along XI - XI and XII - XII of Figure 7;
- FIG. 13 is an anatomical view of the foot showing the metatarsal angles with respect to the ground for the five metatarsal heads, in order to better understand the organization of the supports carried out at level of each of the five metatarsal heads through the prior corrective element which is a characteristic of the plantar orthosis of the invention;
- FIG. 14 illustrates as examples two transverse profiles of the prior corrector element according to the invention, with the five heights respectively associated with the support of the five corresponding metatarsal heads;
- FIGS. 15 and 16 are sagittal views, respectively external and internal, of a plantar orthosis according to the invention, which is produced not in a unitary and monobloc manner, as was the case in the previous embodiments, but in two parts of the orthesis superimposed and fixed to each other face to face, each of Figures 15 and 16 thus being an exploded view showing the two complementary parts of Ethresis.
- FIG. 1 which is a top view illustrating a plantar orthosis according to the invention, shows the foot bones P with its five metatarsal heads referenced 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, this to better visualize the positioning of the foot of the wearer of 1 orthosis with respect to said orthosis.
- the plantar orthosis, denoted 10, has a peripheral contour 11 constituting the extreme perimeter of 1 orthesis, it being understood that said orthosis may have anterior and / or posterior parts of essentially negligible thickness, when no correction is not sought.
- the plantar orthosis 10 has an anterior portion 12 and a posterior portion 13.
- the anterior portion 12 is of reduced thickness for its border zone, while the posterior portion 13 has a posterior corrective element 16 in this case. elevation, with an area of reduced thickness 17.
- This posterior corrective element 16 is here positioned on the external side, which favors a posterior pronating action.
- the posterior corrective element 16 is however not required in the context of the invention, which is in no way limited to such an arrangement.
- the orthosis 10 further has, in elevation, an internal correction referential element 14 and an external correction reference element 15, which are intended to be in contact with the median-foot respectively internal and external of the wearer of said orthosis.
- the sections of FIGS. 3 and 4 make it possible to better understand the geometry of this orthosis, which geometry is in accordance with document FR-A-2 844 995 mentioned by the applicants.
- the plantar orthosis 10 further comprises an anterior corrective element 20, which is shaped to act at the level of the five metatarsal heads of the wearer, by positioning each respective metatarsal head at an angle of inclination relative to the ground corresponding to the metatarsal angle of the latter in an anatomical physiological reference position.
- an anterior corrective element 20 which is shaped to act at the level of the five metatarsal heads of the wearer, by positioning each respective metatarsal head at an angle of inclination relative to the ground corresponding to the metatarsal angle of the latter in an anatomical physiological reference position.
- the controlled organization of the support of the five metatarsal heads of the foot makes it possible to obtain a correction of the dynamic rotation, both external and internal, regardless of the angle of each of the metatarsals. from the ground, which makes it possible to achieve an almost universal orthosis, and ideally adapted to the movement thanks to the respect of structural criteria taking into account the skeletal structure of the wearer, and of dynamic criteria which induce a movement as perfect as possible set on a geometry of least constraints.
- the anatomical physiological position of reference may naturally depend on the population concerned, but within the same population, the plantar orthosis may globally be suitable almost universally.
- the front corrector element 20 extends, in a transverse direction of the orthosis, over almost the entire width of 1 orthosis. and, in a longitudinal direction of the orthosis, a predetermined distance sufficient to provide the desired support of the five metatarsal heads of the wearer.
- 21 and 22 have been noted respectively the inner and outer edges of the front corrector element 20, and 23, 24 respectively the rear and front edges of said front corrector element.
- the rear and front edges 23, 24 are located on either side of the five metatarsal heads, in order to optimally exercise the specific therapeutic action. desired. It is interesting to note at this level that the approach of the invention runs counter to the teaching of the aforementioned US-A-5,611,153, by arranging a support at the level of the five metatarsal heads. support being perfectly controlled through a particular transverse profile of prior corrective element 20 which will be described in more detail below.
- the front corrector element 20 has, in the transverse direction of the orthosis, a substantially domed shape, but on the other hand, as can be seen in the longitudinal sections of FIGS. 5 and 6, said front corrector element 20 has, in the longitudinal direction of the orthosis, a substantially flat shape, the aforementioned substantially convex shape being defined by a transverse profile whose height decreases from the first metatarsal head to the last metatarsal head.
- the transverse profile of the prior corrector element 20 is noted 25, while the longitudinal profile of said prior corrector element is denoted 26.
- the curved shape of the prior corrective element 20 is defined by a transverse profile 25 of convex shape whose height decreases progressively in the increasing order of the metatarsal heads.
- the longitudinal profile 26 of the flat shape of the prior corrective element 20 is connected in turn with a smooth slope with the rectilinear profile of the underside of the orthosis, and there are distinguished in Figures 5 and 6 of the gently sloping connections 23 and 24 respectively back and in front of the prior corrector element 20.
- FIGS. 7 to 12 similar to FIGS. 1 to 6 which have just been described, illustrate an alternative plantar orthosis according to the invention which is different from the previous one by a profile different from the previous corrective element and of the posterior corrective element.
- the posterior portion 13 in this case has a rearwardly corrected element 18, arranged on the inner side, with a zone of reduced thickness 19 which is adjacent to the external correction reference element 15.
- a corrector element 18 thus facilitates a posterior supine action.
- the posterior corrective element 16 of the variant of FIGS. 1 to 6 the posterior corrective element 18 is optional in the context of the invention, as suggested by the dashed line.
- the corresponding section of FIG. 10 is then exactly symmetrical with that of FIG. 4 above.
- a transverse profile 25 ' whose height is constant for the first metatarsal heads, then gradually decreases for the last metatarsal heads.
- a transverse profile 25 ' comprising a portion 25.1 of constant height, that is to say corresponding to a horizontal flat, for the first three metatarsal heads 1, 2, 3, then a decreasing height defined by a ramp 25.2 for the last two metatarsal heads 4 and 5.
- the connection of the rectilinear profile zones 25.1 and inclined profile 25.2 is at a barely noticeable edge 25.3.
- the front corrector element 20 has a profile 26 of flat shape similar to that of the orthosis previously described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6.
- FIGS. 13 and 14 The corrective action exerted by the correcting element 20 according to the invention will be better understood with reference to FIGS. 13 and 14.
- the anatomical view of FIG. 13 illustrates the bones of the foot P, with the five metatarsal heads 1 to 5, and the corresponding metatarsal angles with respect to the ground are respectively denoted by ⁇ , CC2, CC3, CC4, OCs.
- a plantar orthosis 10 organizes a dedicated support at each of the five metatarsal heads 1 to 5 by virtue of a height hi, respectively corresponding to the desired angle of inclination ⁇ ⁇ of each of the metatarsal heads relative to on the ground.
- the heights hi, h.2, h3, h4, hs will each be chosen so that the angles of inclination with respect to the ground (Xi, 0C2, ot3, or, OCs, respectively correspond to the metatarsal angle each of the respective heads in an anatomical physiological position this reference.
- FIG. 14 there is illustrated in a) a transverse profile 25 of the prior corrector element 20, corresponding to that of the section of FIG.
- the transverse profile of the prior corrective element will be accurately chosen so as to be optimized with regard to the population concerned and compliance with the aforementioned structural and dynamic criteria.
- the corrective element 20 can be arranged at the level of the upper face or the face lower part of the orthosis. In this case, an arrangement has been preferred at the lower face of the orthosis 10, which allows easier realization in two superimposed parts as will be described hereinafter with reference to FIGS. 15 and 16.
- the corrective element 20 can be integrated unitarily with the remaining part of the orthosis 10, as has been illustrated here, or alternatively be attached to the remaining part of the orthosis, and fixed for example by gluing on it. this.
- the plantar orthosis 10 according to the invention may be made according to a unitary unitary single unit, or alternatively according to a unitary assembly consisting of two portions assembled to one another.
- FIGS. 15 and 16 illustrate precisely this second possibility, with an upper portion of orthosis 10.1 and a lower portion of orthosis 10.2, each having a flat face, respectively P1 and P2, facing each other, these two planes being brought against each other for the final fixing of the two portions for the realization of a unitary orthosis, the face-to-face fixation being performed by gluing or by any other equivalent means.
- FIGS. 15 and 16 illustrate precisely this second possibility, with an upper portion of orthosis 10.1 and a lower portion of orthosis 10.2, each having a flat face, respectively P1 and P2, facing each other, these two planes being brought against each other for the final fixing of the two portions for the realization of a unitary orthosis, the face-to-face fixation being performed by gluing or by any other equivalent means.
- the front corrective element 20 is part of the lower part of orthosis 10.2 intended to be fixed face-to-face against the upper part of orthosis 10.1, which includes the reference elements of correc 14 and external 15. It will be noted that the rear corrective element 16 here also provided is part of the lower part of orthotic 10.2, with its area of reduced thickness adjacent to the plumb with the internal correction reference element 14 of the orthosis upper part 10.1.
- constituent materials materials such as ethyl vinyl acetates or EVA, crosslinked polyethylene foams, expanded copolymers, and polyisoprene resins can be used.
- a material having a density of between 50 and 450 kg / m 3 and a Shore hardness of between 10 and 95 will be used. Even more preferably, the material constituting the plantar orthosis 10 will have a density of between 100 and 100. 250 kg / m 3 , and a Shore hardness of between 15 and 60.
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Abstract
Description
Orthèse plantaire. Plantar orthosis.
La présente invention concerne le domaine des or- thèses plantaires . ARRIERE-PLAN DE L'INVENTIONThe present invention relates to the field of plantar arteries. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Pendant longtemps, les orthèses plantaires ont été réalisées sur mesure de façon quelque peu empirique, à partir de matériaux tels que des mousses alvéolaires ou du liège recouvert de cuir, sans contrôle précis de la densité et de la dureté des matériaux choisis, et sans recherche poussée de formes de profil optimisées en fonction de l'action thérapeutique recherchée.For a long time, plantar orthotics have been made to measure in a somewhat empirical way, using materials such as foam foams or cork covered with leather, without precise control of the density and hardness of the chosen materials, and without research. thrust of profile shapes optimized according to the desired therapeutic action.
Depuis une quinzaine d'années, les spécialistes ont travaillé sur différentes géométries dOrthèses plantaires, et se sont parfois intéressés plus particulièrement à une action thérapeutique au niveau de certaines têtes métatarsiennes du porteur de l' orthèse.For about fifteen years, specialists have worked on different geometries of plantar ethos, and have sometimes been interested more particularly in a therapeutic action on certain metatarsal heads of the wearer of the orthosis.
Le document US-A-5 611 153 décrit une orthèse présentant un élément correcteur postérieur, et dont la partie antérieure se termine soit en arrière, soit en avant des têtes métatarsiennes du porteur de l' orthèse. Il est indiqué dans ce document que la partie antérieure doit de préférence ne pas se terminer à l'aplomb direct de la ligne métatarsienne, afin d'éviter un cer- tain inconfort pour le porteur de l' orthèse.US-A-5,611,153 discloses an orthosis having a posterior corrective element, and whose anterior part terminates either behind or in front of the metatarsal heads of the wearer of the orthosis. It is stated in this document that the anterior part should preferably not terminate directly above the metatarsal line, in order to avoid some discomfort for the wearer of the orthosis.
On a également proposé différentes orthèses plantaires dont la géométrie est choisie pour exercer une action correctrice au niveau de certaines des têtes métatarsiennes. Le document FR-A-2 766 673 décrit ainsi une orthèse plantaire unitaire qui comporte une cale d'appui associée à la première tête métatarsienne. Le document EP-A-O 820 706 décrit quant à lui une orthèse plantaire constituée par un ensemble unitaire présen- tant, en surélévation, des éléments de correction interne et externe, ainsi qu'un élément de correction antérieur avec une portion centrale bombée uniquement associée aux deuxième, troisième, et quatrième têtes mé~ tatarsiennes, et exerçant son action en arrière de ces têtes (on dit alors qu'il s'agit d'un élément rétro- capital) , afin de décharger lesdites têtes en limitant 1 ' appui .Various plantar orthoses have also been proposed whose geometry is chosen to exert corrective action at some of the metatarsal heads. Document FR-A-2 766 673 thus describes a unitary plantar orthosis which comprises a bearing shim associated with the first metatarsal head. Document EP-A-0 820 706 describes a plantar orthosis constituted by a unitary assembly present in addition to elevation, internal and external correction elements, as well as an earlier correction element with a convex central portion only associated with the second, third, and fourth metatarsal heads, and exerting its action behind these heads ( it is said that it is a retro-capital element), in order to unload said heads while limiting the support.
Le US 2 681 515 A décrit une orthèse plantaire comportant des éléments de correction interne et externe, et un élément correcteur antérieur agencé au niveau de la face inférieure de l' orthèse. Il importe de noter que cet élément correcteur a pour seule et unique fonction de décharger les têtes métatarsiennes. La fi- gure 1 montre d'ailleurs que l'élément correcteur est disposé en arrière des têtes métatarsiennes, et donc que ledit élément constitue un élément rétro-capital et non sous-capital . Enfin, il est à noter que le profil transversal de l'élément correcteur est plat. Il s'agit ainsi d'une barre sous-capitale de décharge.US 2 681 515 A discloses a plantar orthosis having internal and external correction elements, and an anterior corrective element arranged at the lower face of the orthosis. It is important to note that this correction element has the sole function of unloading the metatarsal heads. FIG. 1 shows, moreover, that the corrective element is disposed behind the metatarsal heads, and therefore that said element constitutes a retro-capital and non-capital element. Finally, it should be noted that the transverse profile of the corrective element is flat. This is a sub-capital discharge bar.
Le DE-I 235 773 B décrit une orthèse plantaire présentant un bourrelet transversal au niveau du sillon des orteils. Cet élément correcteur antérieur agit au niveau des têtes de phalanges et non au niveau des tê- tes métatarsiennes. De plus, les figures 7 et 8 illustrent un appui central dont le positionnement montre qu'il est rétro-capital, l'appui de la figure 8 ne concernant d'ailleurs que certains métatarsiens. La nervure, qui est en avant des têtes métatarsiennes, a pour seule et unique fonction de combler le sillon central qui est à la base des orteils.DE-I 235 773 B describes a plantar orthosis having a transverse bead at the level of the groove of the toes. This prior corrective element acts at the level of the phalanx heads and not at the level of the metatarsal heads. In addition, Figures 7 and 8 illustrate a central support whose positioning shows that it is retro-capital, the support of Figure 8 only for certain metatarsals. The rib, which is in front of the metatarsal heads, has the sole function of filling the central groove at the base of the toes.
Le US-2 081 474 A décrit une orthèse plantaire présentant une bosse transversale en face supérieure et un patin transversal en face inférieure, qui sont superposés. La vue de la figure 1 montre que l'élément correcteur ainsi constitué est là encore une barre de décharge rétro-capitale, et aussi que la première tête métatarsienne n'est pas concernée. Il est enfin à noter que le patin est d'épaisseur constante.US-2,081,474 A discloses a plantar orthosis having a transverse bump on the upper face and a transverse pad on the underside, which are superimposed. The view of Figure 1 shows that the correction element thus formed is again a retro-capital discharge bar, and also that the first metatarsal head is not concerned. It is finally noted that the pad is of constant thickness.
Le US-2 426 735 A décrit une orthèse plantaire présentant un élément antérieur. Dans la première variante, il s'agit d'une barre d'appui et de propulsion des têtes métatarsiennes, sans correction exercée, servant à combler le vide de l'arche antérieure par un profil transversal bombé au centre (figure 7), avec une même hauteur d'appui pour la première et la dernière têtes métatarsiennes. Dans la deuxième variante, il est prévu un élément correcteur antérieur disposé sous certaines têtes métatarsiennes, à l'exception de la première et de la dernière, et il est à noter que son profil transversal est rectiligne.US-2,426,735 A discloses a plantar orthosis having an anterior element. In the first variant, it is a support bar and propulsion of the metatarsal heads, without correction exerted, serving to fill the void of the anterior arch by a transverse profile curved in the center (Figure 7), with the same support height for the first and the last metatarsal heads. In the second variant, there is provided an earlier correction element disposed under some metatarsal heads, with the exception of the first and the last, and it should be noted that its transverse profile is rectilinear.
Le ϋS-4 955 148 A décrit une orthèse plantaire présentant un élément correcteur antérieur qui s'étend transversalement sur toute la largeur de l' orthèse, avec une hauteur qui reste constante. Pour ce qui est du positionnement de cet élément, il n'est pas expressément indiqué qu'il agit au niveau des têtes métatar- siennes.ΫS-4 955 148 A discloses a plantar orthosis having an anterior corrective element that extends transversely across the width of the orthosis, with a height that remains constant. As for the positioning of this element, it is not expressly indicated that it acts at the level of the metatarsal heads.
Le US-2 468 264 A décrit une orthèse plantaire présentant un élément correcteur antérieur, mais cet élément est disposé en-dessous des parties centrale, ou arrière des métatarsiens, de sorte que l'action n'est pas dirigée vers les têtes métatarsiennes. Il est à noter que la hauteur décroît dans une direction transversale, dans l'ordre décroissant des métatarsiens, et que le profil est bombé dans une direction longitudinale. L'arrière-plan technologique est également illustré par les documents WO-A-Ol 89 337, FR-A-2 803 495, US-A-4 759 136, et WO-A-96 12 420.US-2 468 264 A discloses a plantar orthosis having an anterior corrective element, but this element is disposed below the central or rear parts of the metatarsals, so that the action is not directed towards the metatarsal heads. It should be noted that the height decreases in a transverse direction, in descending order of the metatarsals, and that the profile is curved in a longitudinal direction. The technological background is also illustrated by WO-A-Ol 89 337, FR-A-2 803 495, US-A-4 759 136 and WO-A-96 12 420.
On pourra également se référer au document FR-A- 2 844 995 des présents demandeurs, qui décrit une or- thèse plantaire constituée par un ensemble unitaire présentant, en surélévation, un élément correcteur antérieur et un élément correcteur postérieur, l'élément correcteur antérieur présentant une découpe latérale de profil ayant pour effet de limiter l'action thérapeutique de ladite orthèse à certaines des têtes métatarsiennes du côté interne ou externe du pied du porteur, ladite découpe latérale complétant une découpe terminale se situant en avant des têtes métatarsiennes concernées.Reference may also be made to document FR-A-2 844 995 from the present applicants, which describes a plantar orbit consisting of a unitary assembly having, in elevation, an anterior corrective element and a posterior corrective element, the prior corrective element. having a lateral profile cut having the effect of limiting the therapeutic action of said orthosis to some of the metatarsal heads on the inner or outer side of the wearer's foot, said lateral cut-out completing a terminal cutout lying in front of the metatarsal heads concerned.
Ainsi, l'enseignement général de l'état de la technique est globalement dirigé vers des orthèses plantaires qui, tout au plus, s'intéressent à une action thérapeutique exercée sur certaines seulement des têtes métatarsiennes, en avant ou en arrière de celles-ci, et ce en fonction du dysfonctionnement relevé pour la personne concernée.Thus, the general education of the state of the art is generally directed to plantar orthotics which, at most, are interested in a therapeutic action exerted on some only metatarsal heads, in front of or behind them according to the dysfunction identified for the person concerned.
OBJET DE L'INVENTIONOBJECT OF THE INVENTION
L'invention a pour objet de concevoir une orthèse plantaire agencée pour exercer une action thérapeutique au niveau de l'ensemble des têtes métatarsiennes, tout en étant aussi universelle que possible et capable d'exercer une correction de la rotation dynamique du pied pour une très grande population de porteurs. DEFINITION GENERALE DE L'INVENTIONThe object of the invention is to design a plantar orthosis arranged to exert a therapeutic action at the level of the set of metatarsal heads, while being as universal as possible and capable of exerting a correction of the dynamic rotation of the foot for a very large population of carriers. GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE INVENTION
Le problème technique précité est résolu conformément à l'invention grâce à une orthèse plantaire constituée par un ensemble unitaire présentant, en surélé- vation, un élément réfèrent de correction interne et un élément réfèrent de correction externe destinés à être en contact du médio-pied respectivement interne et externe du porteur de ladite orthèse, ainsi qu'un élément correcteur antérieur destiné à être en-dessous des têtes métatarsiennes du porteur de l'orthèse, ledit élément correcteur antérieur étant conformé pour agir au niveau des cinq têtes métatarsiennes du porteur en positionnant chaque tête métatarsienne respective selon un angle d'inclinaison par rapport au sol qui correspond à l'angle métatarsien de celle-ci dans une position physiologique anatomique de référence, l'élément correcteur antérieur s 'étendant, dans une direction transversale de l'orthèse, sur la quasi-totalité de la largeur de ladite orthèse, et, dans une direction longitudinale de l'orthèse, sur une distance prédéterminée suffisante pour assurer l'appui désiré des cinq têtes métatarsiennes du porteur, et l'élément correcteur antérieur présentant, dans la direction transversale de l'orthèse, une forme essentiellement bombée, et, dans la direction longitudinale de l'orthèse, une forme essentiellement plate, ladite forme bombée de l'élément correcteur antérieur étant définie par un profil transversal dont la hauteur décroît de la première tête mé- tatarsienne à la dernière tête métatarsienne, conformément à la revendication 1.The aforementioned technical problem is solved according to the invention by means of a plantar orthosis constituted by a unitary assembly presenting, in an internal correction reference element and an external correction reference element intended to be in contact with the inner and outer midfoot respectively of the wearer of said orthosis, as well as an anterior corrective element intended to be below the metatarsal heads. of the wearer of the orthosis, said anterior corrector element being shaped to act on the five metatarsal heads of the wearer by positioning each respective metatarsal head at an angle of inclination with respect to the ground corresponding to the metatarsal angle thereof in an anatomical reference physiological position, the anterior corrective element extending, in a transverse direction of the orthosis, over almost the entire width of said orthosis, and, in a longitudinal direction of the orthosis, on a predetermined distance sufficient to provide the desired support of the five metatarsal heads of the wearer, and the the anterior corrective element having, in the transverse direction of the orthosis, a substantially convex shape, and, in the longitudinal direction of the orthosis, a substantially flat shape, said convex shape of the prior corrective element being defined by a transverse profile whose height decreases from the first metatarsal head to the last metatarsal head according to claim 1.
L'élément correcteur antérieur est donc de type sous-capital, dans la mesure où il recharge les têtes métatarsiennes, en positionnant lesdites têtes comme elles devraient l'être. L'action thérapeutique exercée par un tel élément correcteur antérieur est donc radicalement différente de celle exercée par les éléments rétro-capitaux de l'état de la technique, qui visent au contraire à décharger les têtes métatarsiennes en limitant leur appui au sol.The prior corrector element is therefore sub-capital type, insofar as it recharges the metatarsal heads, positioning said heads as they should be. The therapeutic action exerted by such an earlier corrective element is therefore radically different from that exerted by the retro-capital elements of the state of the art, which aim at contrary to unloading the metatarsal heads by limiting their support to the ground.
Ainsi, grâce au respect de l'angle métatarsien dans la position physiologique anatomique en partie avant du pied, on parvient à réaliser une correction de la rotation dynamique, aussi bien rotation externe qu'interne, quels que soient les angles métatarsiens par rapport au sol, et ce de façon essentiellement universelle. La position physiologique anatomique dite de référence mentionnée ci-dessus sera déterminée en fonction de la population concernée, tout en respectant des critères d'ordre structural (qui tiennent compte de la structure squelettique du porteur de l'orthèse) et dynamique (qui induit un mouvement aussi parfait que pos- sible en se calant sur une géométrie de moindres contraintes) .Thus, thanks to the respect of the metatarsal angle in the anatomical physiological position in the front part of the foot, it is possible to perform a correction of the dynamic rotation, both external and internal rotation, regardless of the metatarsal angles with respect to the ground essentially universal. The so-called reference anatomical physiological position mentioned above will be determined according to the population concerned, while respecting structural criteria (which take into account the skeletal structure of the wearer of the orthosis) and dynamic (which induces a movement as perfect as possible by settling on a geometry of least constraints).
On pourra prévoir que la forme bombée de 1 ' élément correcteur antérieur est définie par un profil transversal de forme convexe dont la hauteur décroît pro- gressivement dans l'ordre croissant des tête métatarsiennes, ou en variante par un profil transversal dont la hauteur est constante pour les premières têtes métatarsiennes, en particulier les trois premières têtes, puis décroît progressivement pour les dernières têtes métatarsiennes.It may be provided that the curved shape of the prior corrective element is defined by a transverse profile of convex shape whose height decreases progressively in the increasing order of the metatarsal heads, or alternatively by a transverse profile whose height is constant. for the first metatarsal heads, especially the first three heads, then gradually decreases for the last metatarsal heads.
Plus précisément, le profil transversal de la forme bombée de l'élément correcteur antérieur obéit à cinq hauteurs correspondant respectivement aux angles d'inclinaison désirés des têtes métatarsiennes par rap- port au sol, et ce quelle que soit la pointure du pied du porteur. En particulier, les cinq hauteurs du profil transversal s'étagent entre 8 à 10 mm pour la hauteur associée à l'appui de la première tête métatarsienne, et 1 à 2 mm pour la hauteur associée à l'appui de la dernière tête métatarsienne.More precisely, the transverse profile of the convex shape of the prior corrector element obeys five heights corresponding respectively to the desired angles of inclination of the metatarsal heads with respect to the ground, irrespective of the size of the wearer's foot. In particular, the five heights of the transverse profile lie between 8 and 10 mm for the height associated with the support of the first metatarsal head, and 1 to 2 mm for the height associated with the support of the last metatarsal head.
Dans un mode de réalisation particulièrement avantageux, l'élément correcteur antérieur est agencé au niveau de la face inférieure de l'orthèse.In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the prior corrective element is arranged at the lower face of the orthosis.
De préférence encore, le profil longitudinal de la forme plate de l'élément correcteur antérieur se raccorde en pente douce avec le profil rectiligne de la face inférieure de l'orthèse. Avantageusement, l'élément correcteur antérieur est agencé au niveau de la face inférieure de l'orthèse. On pourra cependant en variante prévoir un agencement au niveau de la face supérieure de l'orthèse, mais la réalisation de ladite orthèse sera un peu plus compliquée.More preferably, the longitudinal profile of the flat shape of the prior corrective element connects smoothly with the rectilinear profile of the underside of the orthosis. Advantageously, the prior corrective element is arranged at the lower face of the orthosis. However, it may alternatively provide an arrangement at the upper face of the orthosis, but the realization of said orthosis will be a little more complicated.
L'élément correcteur antérieur pourra être intégré unitairement avec la partie restante de l'orthèse, ou en variante être rapporté sur ladite partie restante de l'orthèse, et fixé sur celle-ci. On pourra alors prévoir que la partie restante de l'orthèse présente en outre, en surélévation, un élément correcteur postérieur ayant une zone d'épaisseur réduite adjacente à l'élément réfèrent de correction interne ou externe. Conformément à un mode de réalisation particulier, l'élément correcteur antérieur fait partie d'une partie inférieure d' orthèse, qui est fixée face contre face contre une partie supérieure dOrthèse, laquelle inclut les éléments référents de correction interne et ex- terne. En particulier la partie inférieure d' orthèse dont fait partie l'élément correcteur antérieur présente en outre, sur sa face inférieure, un élément correcteur postérieur ayant une zone d'épaisseur réduite adjacente à l'aplomb de l'élément réfèrent de correction interne ou externe de la partie supérieure d' orthèse .The corrective element can be integrated unitarily with the remaining part of the orthosis, or alternatively be attached to said remaining portion of the orthosis, and fixed thereto. It can then be provided that the remaining portion of the orthosis further has, in elevation, a posterior corrective element having a reduced thickness area adjacent to the internal or external correction reference element. According to a particular embodiment, the anterior corrective element is part of a lower orthosis part, which is fixed face to face against an upper part of the orthesis, which includes the reference elements of internal and external correction. In particular, the lower part of the orthosis of which the front corrector element is part has, on its lower face, a posterior corrective element having a zone of reduced thickness. adjacent to the plumb line of the internal or external correction element of the orthosis upper part.
Avantageusement enfin, l' orthèse est réalisée à partir d'un matériau ayant une densité comprise entre 50 et 450 kg/m3, avec une préférence pour une densité comprise entre 100 et 250 kg/m3, et une dureté Shore comprise entre 10 et 95, avec une préférence pour une dureté comprise entre 15 et 60. D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront plus clairement à la lumière de la description qui va suivre et des dessins annexés, qui illustrent des modes de réalisation particuliers de 1 ' invention. BREVE DESCRIPTION DES DESSINSAdvantageously, finally, the orthosis is made from a material having a density of between 50 and 450 kg / m 3 , with a preference for a density of between 100 and 250 kg / m 3 , and a Shore hardness of between 10 and and 95, with a preference for a hardness of between 15 and 60. Other features and advantages of the invention will become more clearly apparent from the following description and the accompanying drawings, which illustrate particular embodiments of the invention. The invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
II sera fait référence aux figures des dessins annexés où :Reference will be made to the figures of the accompanying drawings in which:
- la figure 1 illustre en vue de dessus une orthèse plantaire conforme à l'invention, dont la géomé- trie est précisée par les coupes transversales des figures 2, 3 et 4, et les coupes longitudinales des figures 5 et 6 qui sont des coupes selon V-V et VI - VI de la figure 1 ;FIG. 1 illustrates, in plan view, a plantar orthosis according to the invention, the geometry of which is specified by the cross sections of FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, and the longitudinal sections of FIGS. 5 and 6 which are sections. according to VV and VI - VI of Figure 1;
- la figure 7 illustre une variante dOrthèse plantaire conforme à l'invention, dont la géométrie est également précisée par les coupes transversales des figures 8, 9 et 10, et par les coupes longitudinales des figures 11 et 12 qui sont des coupes selon XI - XI et XII - XII de la figure 7 ; - la figure 13 est une vue anatomique du pied mettant en évidence les angles métatarsiens par rapport au sol pour les cinq têtes métatarsiennes, afin de mieux faire comprendre l'organisation des appuis réalisés au niveau de chacune des cinq têtes métatarsiennes grâce à l'élément correcteur antérieur qui constitue une caractéristique de l 'orthèse plantaire de l'invention ;FIG. 7 illustrates a variant of plantar orthosis according to the invention, the geometry of which is also specified by the cross sections of FIGS. 8, 9 and 10, and by the longitudinal sections of FIGS. 11 and 12 which are sections along XI - XI and XII - XII of Figure 7; FIG. 13 is an anatomical view of the foot showing the metatarsal angles with respect to the ground for the five metatarsal heads, in order to better understand the organization of the supports carried out at level of each of the five metatarsal heads through the prior corrective element which is a characteristic of the plantar orthosis of the invention;
- la figure 14 illustre à titre d'exemples deux profils transversaux de l'élément correcteur antérieur selon l'invention, avec les cinq hauteurs respectivement associées à l'appui des cinq têtes métatarsiennes correspondantes ;FIG. 14 illustrates as examples two transverse profiles of the prior corrector element according to the invention, with the five heights respectively associated with the support of the five corresponding metatarsal heads;
- les figures 15 et 16 sont des vues sagittales respectivement externe et interne d'une orthèse plantaire selon l'invention, qui est réalisée non pas de façon unitaire et monobloc comme c'était le cas dans les modes de réalisation précédents, mais en deux parties dOrthèse superposées et fixées l'une à l'autre face contre face, chacune des figures 15 et 16 étant ainsi une vue éclatée montrant les deux parties dOrthèse complémentaires.FIGS. 15 and 16 are sagittal views, respectively external and internal, of a plantar orthosis according to the invention, which is produced not in a unitary and monobloc manner, as was the case in the previous embodiments, but in two parts of the orthesis superimposed and fixed to each other face to face, each of Figures 15 and 16 thus being an exploded view showing the two complementary parts of Ethresis.
DESCRIPTION DETAILLEE DU MODE DE REALISATION PREFERE DE L'INVENTION Sur la figure 1, qui est une vue de dessus illustrant une orthèse plantaire conforme à l'invention, on a représenté les os du pied P avec ses cinq têtes métatarsiennes référencées 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ceci pour mieux visualiser le positionnement du pied du porteur de 1 Orthèse par rapport à ladite orthèse.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION FIG. 1, which is a top view illustrating a plantar orthosis according to the invention, shows the foot bones P with its five metatarsal heads referenced 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, this to better visualize the positioning of the foot of the wearer of 1 orthosis with respect to said orthosis.
L 'orthèse plantaire, notée 10, conforme à l'invention présente un contour périphérique 11 constituant le périmètre extrême de 1 Orthèse, étant entendu que ladite orthèse pourra présenter des parties anté- rieure et/ou postérieure d'épaisseur essentiellement négligeable, lorsque aucune correction référente n'est recherchée . L'orthèse plantaire 10 présente une portion antérieure 12 et une portion postérieure 13. En l'espèce, la portion antérieure 12 est d'épaisseur réduite pour sa zone de bordure, tandis que la portion postérieure 13 présente ici un élément correcteur postérieur 16 en surélévation, avec une zone d'épaisseur réduite 17. Cet élément correcteur postérieur 16 est ici positionné du côté externe, ce qui privilégie une action pronatrice postérieure. Comme le suggère la ligne en pointillés, l'élément correcteur postérieur 16 n'est cependant nullement obligatoire dans le cadre de l'invention, laquelle n'est aucunement limitée à un tel agencement. L'orthèse 10 présente en outre, en surélévation, un élément réfèrent de correction interne 14 et un élément réfèrent de correction externe 15, qui sont destinés à être au contact du médio-pied respectivement interne et externe du porteur de ladite orthèse. Les coupes des figures 3 et 4 permettent de mieux appréhender la géométrie de cette orthèse, laquelle géométrie est conforme au document FR-A-2 844 995 précité des demandeurs .The plantar orthosis, denoted 10, according to the invention has a peripheral contour 11 constituting the extreme perimeter of 1 orthesis, it being understood that said orthosis may have anterior and / or posterior parts of essentially negligible thickness, when no correction is not sought. The plantar orthosis 10 has an anterior portion 12 and a posterior portion 13. In this case, the anterior portion 12 is of reduced thickness for its border zone, while the posterior portion 13 has a posterior corrective element 16 in this case. elevation, with an area of reduced thickness 17. This posterior corrective element 16 is here positioned on the external side, which favors a posterior pronating action. As suggested by the dashed line, the posterior corrective element 16 is however not required in the context of the invention, which is in no way limited to such an arrangement. The orthosis 10 further has, in elevation, an internal correction referential element 14 and an external correction reference element 15, which are intended to be in contact with the median-foot respectively internal and external of the wearer of said orthosis. The sections of FIGS. 3 and 4 make it possible to better understand the geometry of this orthosis, which geometry is in accordance with document FR-A-2 844 995 mentioned by the applicants.
Conformément à une première caractéristique de l'invention, l'orthèse plantaire 10 comporte en outre un élément correcteur antérieur 20, qui est conformé pour agir au niveau des cinq têtes métatarsiennes du porteur, en positionnant chaque tête métatarsienne respective selon un angle d'inclinaison par rapport au sol qui correspond à l'angle métatarsien de celle-ci dans une position physiologique anatomique de référence. Ce respect de l'angle métatarsien de chacune des têtes par rapport au sol dans une position physiologique anatomique se démarque radicalement des tentatives antérieures exposées en début de description, qui vi- salent à corriger un défaut particulier grâce à un appui de certaines seulement des têtes métatarsiennes . Au contraire, en l'espèce, l'organisation contrôlée de l'appui des cinq têtes métatarsiennes du pied permet d'obtenir une correction de la rotation dynamique, aussi bien externe qu'interne, quel que soit l'angle de chacun des métatarsiens par rapport au sol, ce qui permet d'arriver à une orthèse quasiment universelle, et idéalement adaptée au mouvement grâce au respect de critères d'ordre structural tenant compte de la structure squelettique du porteur, et de critères d'ordre dynamique qui induisent un mouvement aussi parfait que possible calé sur une géométrie de moindres contraintes . La position physiologique anatomique de référence pourra naturellement dépendre de la population concernée, mais, au sein d'une même population, l' orthèse plantaire pourra globalement convenir de façon quasi- universelle .According to a first feature of the invention, the plantar orthosis 10 further comprises an anterior corrective element 20, which is shaped to act at the level of the five metatarsal heads of the wearer, by positioning each respective metatarsal head at an angle of inclination relative to the ground corresponding to the metatarsal angle of the latter in an anatomical physiological reference position. This respect of the metatarsal angle of each of the heads with respect to the ground in an anatomical physiological position is radically different from the previous attempts at the beginning of the description, which salient to correct a particular defect with the support of some only metatarsal heads. On the contrary, in the present case, the controlled organization of the support of the five metatarsal heads of the foot makes it possible to obtain a correction of the dynamic rotation, both external and internal, regardless of the angle of each of the metatarsals. from the ground, which makes it possible to achieve an almost universal orthosis, and ideally adapted to the movement thanks to the respect of structural criteria taking into account the skeletal structure of the wearer, and of dynamic criteria which induce a movement as perfect as possible set on a geometry of least constraints. The anatomical physiological position of reference may naturally depend on the population concerned, but within the same population, the plantar orthosis may globally be suitable almost universally.
Conformément à une deuxième caractéristique de l'invention, et comme cela est visible sur la figure 1, l'élément correcteur antérieur 20 s'étend, dans une direction transversale de l' orthèse, sur la quasi- totalité de la largeur de 1 Orthèse, et, dans une direction longitudinale de 1 'orthèse, sur une distance prédéterminée suffisante pour assurer l'appui désiré des cinq têtes métatarsiennes du porteur.According to a second characteristic of the invention, and as can be seen in FIG. 1, the front corrector element 20 extends, in a transverse direction of the orthosis, over almost the entire width of 1 orthosis. and, in a longitudinal direction of the orthosis, a predetermined distance sufficient to provide the desired support of the five metatarsal heads of the wearer.
On a noté en l'espèce 21 et 22 les bords respectivement interne et externe de l'élément correcteur antérieur 20, et 23, 24 les bords respectivement arrière et avant dudit élément correcteur antérieur. Bien entendu, les bords arrière et avant 23, 24 sont situés de part et d'autre des cinq têtes métatarsiennes, afin d'exercer de façon optimale l'action thérapeutique spé- cifique désirée. Il est intéressant de relever à ce niveau que l'approche de l'invention va à l'opposé de l'enseignement du document US-A-5 611 153 précité, en agençant un appui au niveau des cinq têtes métatarsien- nés, cet appui étant parfaitement contrôlé grâce à un profil transversal particulier d'élément correcteur antérieur 20 qui va être décrit plus en détail ci-après.In this case, 21 and 22 have been noted respectively the inner and outer edges of the front corrector element 20, and 23, 24 respectively the rear and front edges of said front corrector element. Of course, the rear and front edges 23, 24 are located on either side of the five metatarsal heads, in order to optimally exercise the specific therapeutic action. desired. It is interesting to note at this level that the approach of the invention runs counter to the teaching of the aforementioned US-A-5,611,153, by arranging a support at the level of the five metatarsal heads. support being perfectly controlled through a particular transverse profile of prior corrective element 20 which will be described in more detail below.
Conformément à une troisième caractéristique de l'invention, et comme cela est visible sur la coupe transversale de la figure 2, l'élément correcteur antérieur 20 présente, dans la direction transversale de l'orthèse, une forme essentiellement bombée, mais par contre, comme cela est visible sur les coupes longitudinales des figures 5 et 6, ledit élément correcteur antérieur 20 présente, dans la direction longitudinale de l'orthèse, une forme essentiellement plate, la forme essentiellement bombée précitée étant définie par un profil transversal dont la hauteur décroît de la première tête métatarsienne à la dernière tête métatar- sienne.According to a third characteristic of the invention, and as can be seen in the cross-section of FIG. 2, the front corrector element 20 has, in the transverse direction of the orthosis, a substantially domed shape, but on the other hand, as can be seen in the longitudinal sections of FIGS. 5 and 6, said front corrector element 20 has, in the longitudinal direction of the orthosis, a substantially flat shape, the aforementioned substantially convex shape being defined by a transverse profile whose height decreases from the first metatarsal head to the last metatarsal head.
Le profil transversal de l'élément correcteur antérieur 20 est noté 25, tandis que le profil longitudinal dudit élément correcteur antérieur est noté 26.The transverse profile of the prior corrector element 20 is noted 25, while the longitudinal profile of said prior corrector element is denoted 26.
Dans la direction transversale, on constate sur la figure 2 que la forme bombée de l'élément correcteur antérieur 20 est définie par un profil transversal 25 de forme convexe dont la hauteur décroît progressivement dans l'ordre croissant des têtes métatarsiennes. Ainsi, on trouve l'épaisseur la plus importante au ni- veau de la première tête métatarsienne 1, et ces épaisseurs décroissent progressivement jusqu'à l'épaisseur associée à l'appui de la cinquième tête métatarsienne 5. Le profil longitudinal 26 de la forme plate de l'élément correcteur antérieur 20 se raccorde quant à lui en pente douce avec le profil rectiligne de la face inférieure de l'orthèse, et l'on distingue sur les figures 5 et 6 des raccordements en pente douce 23 et 24 respectivement en arrière et en avant de l'élément correcteur antérieur 20.In the transverse direction, it can be seen in FIG. 2 that the curved shape of the prior corrective element 20 is defined by a transverse profile 25 of convex shape whose height decreases progressively in the increasing order of the metatarsal heads. Thus, the largest thickness is found at the first metatarsal head 1, and these thicknesses gradually decrease to the thickness associated with the support of the fifth metatarsal head 5. The longitudinal profile 26 of the flat shape of the prior corrective element 20 is connected in turn with a smooth slope with the rectilinear profile of the underside of the orthosis, and there are distinguished in Figures 5 and 6 of the gently sloping connections 23 and 24 respectively back and in front of the prior corrector element 20.
Les figures 7 à 12, analogues aux figures 1 à 6 qui viennent d'être décrites, illustrent une variante d'orthèse plantaire conforme à l'invention qui se dis- tingue de la précédente par un profil différent de l'élément correcteur antérieur et de l'élément correcteur postérieur.FIGS. 7 to 12, similar to FIGS. 1 to 6 which have just been described, illustrate an alternative plantar orthosis according to the invention which is different from the previous one by a profile different from the previous corrective element and of the posterior corrective element.
La portion postérieure 13 présente en l'espèce un élément correcteur postérieur 18, agencé du côté in- terne, avec une zone d'épaisseur réduite 19 qui est adjacente à l'élément réfèrent de correction externe 15. Un tel élément correcteur 18 favorisé ainsi une action supinatrice postérieure. Comme indiqué précédemment pour l'élément correcteur postérieur 16 de la variante des figures 1 à 6, l'élément correcteur postérieur 18 est optionnel dans le cadre de l'invention, ainsi que le suggère la ligne en pointillés . La coupe correspondante de la figure 10 est alors exactement symétrique de celle de la figure 4 précédente. Pour ce qui est de l'élément correcteur antérieur 20, celui-ci est toujours agencé dans la même zone de l'orthèse au regard des cinq têtes métatarsiennes, mais sa forme bombée est définie par un profil transversal, noté 25', dont la hauteur est constante pour les pre- mières têtes métatarsiennes, puis décroît progressivement pour les dernières têtes métatarsiennes. En l'espèce, on a prévu un profil transversal 25' comprenant une partie 25.1 de hauteur constante, c'est-à-dire correspondant à un plat horizontal, pour les trois premières têtes métatarsiennes 1, 2, 3, puis une hauteur décroissante définie par une rampe 25.2 pour les deux dernières têtes métatarsiennes 4 et 5. Dans ce cas, le raccordement des zones de profil rectiligne 25.1 et de profil incliné 25.2 se fait au niveau d'une arête à peine perceptible 25.3.The posterior portion 13 in this case has a rearwardly corrected element 18, arranged on the inner side, with a zone of reduced thickness 19 which is adjacent to the external correction reference element 15. Such a corrector element 18 thus facilitates a posterior supine action. As previously indicated for the posterior corrective element 16 of the variant of FIGS. 1 to 6, the posterior corrective element 18 is optional in the context of the invention, as suggested by the dashed line. The corresponding section of FIG. 10 is then exactly symmetrical with that of FIG. 4 above. With regard to the prior corrective element 20, it is always arranged in the same area of the orthosis with respect to the five metatarsal heads, but its curved shape is defined by a transverse profile, denoted 25 ', whose height is constant for the first metatarsal heads, then gradually decreases for the last metatarsal heads. In this case, there is provided a transverse profile 25 'comprising a portion 25.1 of constant height, that is to say corresponding to a horizontal flat, for the first three metatarsal heads 1, 2, 3, then a decreasing height defined by a ramp 25.2 for the last two metatarsal heads 4 and 5. In this case, the connection of the rectilinear profile zones 25.1 and inclined profile 25.2 is at a barely noticeable edge 25.3.
Pour ce qui est de la direction longitudinale, l'élément correcteur antérieur 20 présente un profil 26 de forme plate analogue à celui de 1 'orthèse précédemment décrite en regard des figures 1 à 6.With regard to the longitudinal direction, the front corrector element 20 has a profile 26 of flat shape similar to that of the orthosis previously described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6.
L'action correctrice exercée par l'élément correcteur 20 selon l'invention sera mieux comprise en se référant aux figures 13 et 14. La vue anatomique de la figure 13 illustre les os du pied P, avec les cinq têtes métatarsiennes 1 à 5, et on a noté respectivement ai, 0C2, 0C3, 0C4, OCs, les angles métatarsiens correspondants par rapport au sol .The corrective action exerted by the correcting element 20 according to the invention will be better understood with reference to FIGS. 13 and 14. The anatomical view of FIG. 13 illustrates the bones of the foot P, with the five metatarsal heads 1 to 5, and the corresponding metatarsal angles with respect to the ground are respectively denoted by α, CC2, CC3, CC4, OCs.
Conformément à l'invention, 1 Orthèse plantaire 10 organise un appui dédié au niveau de chacune des cinq têtes métatarsiennes 1 à 5 grâce à une hauteur hi, correspondant respectivement à l'angle d'inclinaison désiré α± de chacune des têtes métatarsiennes par rapport au sol. Ainsi, les hauteurs hi, h.2, h3, h4, hs, seront cha- cune choisies pour que les angles d'inclinaison par rapport au sol (Xi, 0C2, ot3, ou, OCs, correspondent respectivement à l'angle métatarsien chacune des têtes respectives dans une position physiologique anatomique ce référence . Sur la figure 14, on a illustré en a) un profil transversal 25 de l'élément correcteur antérieur 20, correspondant à celui de la coupe de la figure 2. On retrouve ainsi les hauteurs hi, h∑, h3, tu, hs, associées à l'appui des cinq têtes métatarsiennes respectivement 1 à 5. Ainsi, pour un tel profil transversal 15 de forme convexe, on trouve une hauteur qui décroît progressivement dans l'ordre croissant des têtes métatar- siennes : on a alors la relation hi > h.2 > h3 > h.4 > hs .In accordance with the invention, a plantar orthosis 10 organizes a dedicated support at each of the five metatarsal heads 1 to 5 by virtue of a height hi, respectively corresponding to the desired angle of inclination α ± of each of the metatarsal heads relative to on the ground. Thus, the heights hi, h.2, h3, h4, hs, will each be chosen so that the angles of inclination with respect to the ground (Xi, 0C2, ot3, or, OCs, respectively correspond to the metatarsal angle each of the respective heads in an anatomical physiological position this reference.In FIG. 14, there is illustrated in a) a transverse profile 25 of the prior corrector element 20, corresponding to that of the section of FIG. heights hi, hΣ, h3, you, hs, associates in support of the five metatarsal heads 1 to 5. Thus, for such a transverse profile 15 of convex shape, there is a height which decreases progressively in the increasing order of the metatarsal heads: we then have the relation hi>h.2>h3>h.4> hs.
En b) , on retrouve un profil transversal 25' correspondant à celui de la coupe de la figure 8, avec ici des hauteurs hi, h.2, h.3 qui sont égales pour les trois premières têtes métatarsiennes, et des hauteurs dé- croissantes h.4, hs pour les deux dernières têtes métatarsiennes 4, 5. On a donc alors la relation hi = h.2 = h3In b), there is a transverse profile 25 'corresponding to that of the section of Figure 8, with here heights hi, h.2, h.3 which are equal for the first three metatarsal heads, and heights de- increasing h.4, hs for the last two metatarsal heads 4, 5. We thus have the relation hi = h.2 = h3
On pourra naturellement prévoir encore d'autres profils transversaux, mais respectant toujours la rela- tion hi > hs, afin de respecter l'action correctrice prépondérante au niveau de la première tête métatarsienne .Of course, other cross-sectional profiles can still be expected, but always respect the hi> hs relationship, in order to respect the preponderant corrective action at the level of the first metatarsal head.
Dans la pratique, on choisira avec précision le profil transversal de l'élément correcteur antérieur de façon à être optimisé au regard de la population concernée et du respect des critères d'ordre structural et dynamique précités .In practice, the transverse profile of the prior corrective element will be accurately chosen so as to be optimized with regard to the population concerned and compliance with the aforementioned structural and dynamic criteria.
A titre d'exemple, on pourra prévoir que les cinq hauteurs hi du profil transversal 25 ou 25' s ' étagent entre 8 à 10mm pour la hauteur hi associée à l'appui de la première tête métatarsienne, et 1 à 2mm pour la hauteur hs associée à l'appui de la cinquième tête métatarsienne. Ceci correspondra à des angles métatarsiens de position physiologique anatomique s ' échelonnant entre 18° à 20° pour la première tête métatarsienne, et 4° à 5° pour la cinquième tête métatarsienne.By way of example, it will be possible for the five heights hi of the transverse profile 25 or 25 'to be between 8 and 10 mm for the height hi associated with the support of the first metatarsal head, and 1 to 2 mm for the height. hs associated with the support of the fifth metatarsal head. This will correspond to metatarsal angles of anatomical physiological position ranging between 18 ° to 20 ° for the first metatarsal head, and 4 ° to 5 ° for the fifth metatarsal head.
L'élément correcteur antérieur 20 pourra être agencé au niveau de la face supérieure ou de la face inférieure de l'orthèse. En l'espèce, on a préféré un agencement au niveau de la face inférieure de l'orthèse 10, ce qui permet une réalisation plus aisée en deux parties superposées comme cela sera décrit ci-après en référence aux figures 15 et 16.The corrective element 20 can be arranged at the level of the upper face or the face lower part of the orthosis. In this case, an arrangement has been preferred at the lower face of the orthosis 10, which allows easier realization in two superimposed parts as will be described hereinafter with reference to FIGS. 15 and 16.
L'élément correcteur antérieur 20 pourra être intégré unitairement avec la partie restante de l'orthèse 10, comme cela a été illustré ici, ou en variante être rapporté sur la partie restante de l'orthèse, et fixé par exemple par collage sur celle-ci.The corrective element 20 can be integrated unitarily with the remaining part of the orthosis 10, as has been illustrated here, or alternatively be attached to the remaining part of the orthosis, and fixed for example by gluing on it. this.
L'orthèse plantaire 10 selon l'invention peut être réalisée selon un ensemble unitaire unique monobloc, ou en variante selon un ensemble unitaire constitué de deux portions assemblées l'une à l'autre. Les figures 15 et 16 illustrent précisément cette deuxième possibilité, avec une portion supérieure d'orthèse 10.1 et une portion inférieure d'orthèse 10.2, présentant chacune une face plane, respectivement Pl et P2 , tournée l'une vers l'autre, ces deux plans étant amenés l'un contre l'autre pour la fixation définitive des deux portions en vue de la réalisation d'une orthèse unitaire, la fixation face contre face étant réalisée par collage ou par tout autre moyen équivalent. Comme cela est visible sur les figures 15 et 16, l'élément correcteur antérieur 20 fait partie de la partie inférieure d'orthèse 10.2 destinée à être fixée face contre face contre la partie supérieure d'orthèse 10.1, laquelle inclut les éléments référents de correc- tion interne 14 et externe 15. On notera que l'élément correcteur postérieur 16 ici également prévu fait partie de la partie inférieure d'orthèse 10.2, avec sa zone d'épaisseur réduite adjacente à l'aplomb de l'élément réfèrent de correction interne 14 de la partie supérieure d'orthèse 10.1.The plantar orthosis 10 according to the invention may be made according to a unitary unitary single unit, or alternatively according to a unitary assembly consisting of two portions assembled to one another. FIGS. 15 and 16 illustrate precisely this second possibility, with an upper portion of orthosis 10.1 and a lower portion of orthosis 10.2, each having a flat face, respectively P1 and P2, facing each other, these two planes being brought against each other for the final fixing of the two portions for the realization of a unitary orthosis, the face-to-face fixation being performed by gluing or by any other equivalent means. As can be seen in FIGS. 15 and 16, the front corrective element 20 is part of the lower part of orthosis 10.2 intended to be fixed face-to-face against the upper part of orthosis 10.1, which includes the reference elements of correc 14 and external 15. It will be noted that the rear corrective element 16 here also provided is part of the lower part of orthotic 10.2, with its area of reduced thickness adjacent to the plumb with the internal correction reference element 14 of the orthosis upper part 10.1.
La vue sagittale externe de la figure 15 et la vue sagittale interne de la figure 16 permettent ainsi, par cette représentation en vue éclatée de bien comprendre l'agencement des deux portions d'orthèse qui sont ensuite fixées l'une à l'autre, face contre face, au niveau des plans de contact Pl et P2. Une telle réalisation en deux parties est tout particulièrement intéres- santé dans la mesure où elle permet de réaliser une portion d'orthèse 10.1 avec ses éléments référents de correction interne 14 et externe 15 de façon totalement standardisée, en utilisant par exemple une technique de thermoformage parfaitement adaptée à une fabrication industrielle. La partie inférieure d'orthèse 10.2 devient alors la partie essentiellement correctrice, avec ses éléments correcteurs antérieur 20 et postérieur 16 (ou 18 si l'on prend la variante des figures 7 à 12) . Ceci permet alors d'affiner avec une très grande préci- sion les profils tant longitudinaux que transversaux des éléments correcteurs antérieur et postérieur.The external sagittal view of FIG. 15 and the internal sagittal view of FIG. 16 thus make it possible, by this exploded representation, to clearly understand the arrangement of the two orthosis portions which are then fixed to one another, face-to-face, at the contact planes P1 and P2. Such a two-part embodiment is particularly interesting insofar as it makes it possible to produce an orthosis portion 10.1 with its internal and external correction reference elements 14 in a completely standardized way, for example using a thermoforming technique. perfectly suited to industrial manufacturing. The lower part of orthotic 10.2 then becomes the substantially corrective part, with its corrective elements anterior 20 and posterior 16 (or 18 if we take the variant of Figures 7 to 12). This then makes it possible to refine with very great precision the longitudinal and transverse profiles of the corrective elements anterior and posterior.
Pour ce qui est des matériaux constitutifs, on pourra utiliser des matériaux tels que les éthyl- vinyle-acétates ou EVA, les mousses de polyéthylène ré- ticulé, les copolymères expansés, et les résines poly- isoprènes .As to the constituent materials, materials such as ethyl vinyl acetates or EVA, crosslinked polyethylene foams, expanded copolymers, and polyisoprene resins can be used.
Préférentiellement , on utilisera un matériau ayant une densité comprise entre 50 et 450 kg/m3 et une dureté Shore comprise entre 10 et 95. De façon encore plus préférée, le matériau constitutif de l'orthèse plantaire 10 aura une densité comprise entre 100 et 250 kg/m3, et une dureté Shore comprise entre 15 et 60. On est ainsi parvenu à réaliser une orthèse plantaire de conception globalement universelle, avec une correction ciblée sur un positionnement de chacune des cinq têtes métatarsiennes selon un angle d'inclinaison par rapport au sol qui correspond à l'angle métatarsien de celle-ci dans une position physiologique anatomique de référence, les cinq angles d'inclinaison des métatarsiens par rapport au sol correspondant alors à une position induisant un mouvement presque parfait lors du déplacement de la personne grâce à une géométrie de moindres contraintes .Preferably, a material having a density of between 50 and 450 kg / m 3 and a Shore hardness of between 10 and 95 will be used. Even more preferably, the material constituting the plantar orthosis 10 will have a density of between 100 and 100. 250 kg / m 3 , and a Shore hardness of between 15 and 60. It has thus been possible to achieve a globally universal plantar orthosis, with a targeted correction on a positioning of each of the five metatarsal heads at an angle of inclination with respect to the ground which corresponds to the metatarsal angle thereof in a Anatomical reference physiological position, the five angles of inclination of the metatarsals with respect to the ground then corresponding to a position inducing an almost perfect movement during the displacement of the person thanks to a geometry of least constraints.
L'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation qui viennent d'être décrits, mais englobe au contraire toute variante reprenant, avec des moyens équivalents, les caractéristiques essentielles énoncées plus haut . The invention is not limited to the embodiments that have just been described, but on the contrary covers any variant using, with equivalent means, the essential characteristics mentioned above.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0708011 | 2007-11-15 | ||
| FR0708011A FR2923681B1 (en) | 2007-11-15 | 2007-11-15 | ORTHESE PLANTAIRE |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2009092916A1 true WO2009092916A1 (en) | 2009-07-30 |
Family
ID=39529633
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2008/001564 Ceased WO2009092916A1 (en) | 2007-11-15 | 2008-11-06 | Plantar orthosis |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2923681B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009092916A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108095248A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-06-01 | 北京服装学院 | A kind of insole that can adjust vola balance and preparation method thereof |
| CN108541216A (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2018-09-14 | 斯提娜&J时尚股份公司 | Inner sole for high-heeled shoes |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020021622A1 (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2020-01-30 | 株式会社Bmz | Shoe insole |
| FR3098708B1 (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2024-10-11 | Delphine Medioni | PLANTAR ORTHOSIS |
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| US2426735A (en) * | 1945-12-03 | 1947-09-02 | John M Hiss | Stabilizing insert for shoes |
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| US2681515A (en) * | 1953-07-09 | 1954-06-22 | Jr Albert C Frese | Innersole |
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| CA2072133C (en) | 1989-11-17 | 2003-07-08 | Phillip John Vasyli | Orthotic devices |
| US5611153A (en) | 1994-05-12 | 1997-03-18 | Schering-Plough Healthcare Products, Inc. | Insole for heel pain relief |
| DK0800349T3 (en) | 1994-10-24 | 1999-04-06 | Ortolab Ab | Orthopedic insole and method for its manufacture |
| FR2766673B1 (en) | 1997-07-31 | 1999-09-03 | Sidas Sa | DEVICE FOR SUPPORTING A FOOT IN A SPORTS SHOE |
| GB2358121A (en) | 2000-01-11 | 2001-07-18 | Barry R G Corp | Foam insole having areas of different density |
| SE516413C2 (en) | 2000-05-24 | 2002-01-15 | Balkefors Support Ab | Topic for the preparation of footwear inserts with foot-shaped shape |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2081474A (en) * | 1935-10-23 | 1937-05-25 | William C Burns | Cuboid-metatarsal arch support |
| US2426735A (en) * | 1945-12-03 | 1947-09-02 | John M Hiss | Stabilizing insert for shoes |
| US2468264A (en) * | 1945-12-08 | 1949-04-26 | Katz Jacob | Foot support |
| US2681515A (en) * | 1953-07-09 | 1954-06-22 | Jr Albert C Frese | Innersole |
| DE1235773B (en) * | 1961-11-29 | 1967-03-02 | Scholl Werke G M B H Fuer Fabr | Shoe insert for non-slip retention of the foot in the footwear |
| US4955148A (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1990-09-11 | Rigoberto Padilla | Foot support assembly |
| FR2844995A1 (en) * | 2002-09-27 | 2004-04-02 | Le Roux Stephanie Doury | Orthopedic insole comprises a unitary structure with elevated internal and external correcting elements made of a hot-molded material of defined density and hardness |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108541216A (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2018-09-14 | 斯提娜&J时尚股份公司 | Inner sole for high-heeled shoes |
| CN108095248A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-06-01 | 北京服装学院 | A kind of insole that can adjust vola balance and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2923681B1 (en) | 2010-03-12 |
| FR2923681A1 (en) | 2009-05-22 |
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