WO2009083071A1 - Fuel cell system - Google Patents
Fuel cell system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009083071A1 WO2009083071A1 PCT/EP2008/009800 EP2008009800W WO2009083071A1 WO 2009083071 A1 WO2009083071 A1 WO 2009083071A1 EP 2008009800 W EP2008009800 W EP 2008009800W WO 2009083071 A1 WO2009083071 A1 WO 2009083071A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- unit
- cell system
- cell stack
- end plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/247—Arrangements for tightening a stack, for accommodation of a stack in a tank or for assembling different tanks
- H01M8/2475—Enclosures, casings or containers of fuel cell stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the fuel cell system The fuel cell system
- the invention relates to a fuel cell system according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
- the anode unit and the cathode unit are each provided on the same side of a fuel cell stack, so that one and the same end plate of the fuel cell stack, which terminates a stack of fuel cells, has connections for pipe connectors and pipelines.
- the endeavor is to accommodate a fuel cell system as space-saving as possible in a motor vehicle.
- the fuel cell system should also be simple and therefore inexpensive to install.
- the solution is based on the recognition that it is not necessary that the anode unit and the cathode unit be accommodated on the same side of the fuel cell stack. Rather, it proves to be advantageous if the anode unit is connected to the first of two end plates of the fuel cell stack and the cathode unit to a second of two end plates of the fuel cell stack.
- the anode unit is connected to the first of two end plates of the fuel cell stack and the cathode unit to a second of two end plates of the fuel cell stack.
- Fuel cell stack, anode unit and cathode unit can in particular already be pre-assembled. It proves to be advantageous here if they are surrounded by a common housing (so-called. "Stackbox"), because then cool the three units fuel cell system, anode unit and cathode unit evenly after completion of the operation of the fuel cell system, thereby preventing it in the Area of the anode unit or the cathode unit compared to the fuel cell stack are temperature traps at which freezes water at cold ambient temperatures, which affects the operability of the fuel cell system at restart.
- Stackbox common housing
- the material flow-favorable arrangement can be used in particular in a motor vehicle in that a tank which supplies hydrogen to the anode unit is arranged on the side of the anode unit and an air filter which filters the air supplied to the cathode unit is arranged on the side of the cathode unit.
- Tank and air filter therefore not hinder each other and can be arranged to save space in the vehicle. Due to the low-flow arrangement pipelines can be shortened or even saved here.
- Fig. 1 shows schematically the structure of a
- FIG. 2 shows schematically the structure of a
- Fig. 3 schematically shows the structure of a
- Embodiment of the invention shows.
- a fuel cell system is as follows: At the heart of the fuel cell system is a fuel cell stack 10. In the stack 10 through-openings 12, 12 ', so-called “stack ports" are provided, is supplied via the gas or discharged, the fuel cell stack is closed by end plates The entire fuel cell stack 10 is located in a housing 14 which thermally insulates the fuel cell stack 10. On one side of the fuel cell stack 10, an anode unit 16 is connected, namely a first conduit 18 (inlet) and a second conduit 20 (outlet) Anode unit 16, which may be formed as an anode circuit (“anode loop") is supplied via a line 22 fresh hydrogen.
- anode unit 16 which may be formed as an anode circuit (“anode loop") is supplied via a line 22 fresh hydrogen.
- a cathode unit 24 (designed as a humidifier), connected to input line 26 and output line 28.
- the cathode unit 24 is fresh air via a line 30 supplied, and via a line 32 exhaust air is discharged.
- an input line 34 and an output line 36 for the coolant is also connected.
- the anode unit 16 is now connected to the conduits 18 and 20, and to the second end plate, thus not aware of the same end plate as the one Anode unit 16, the cathode unit 24 is connected to the lines 26 and 28.
- the input pipe 34 and the coolant outlet pipe 36 are connected. 1
- the fuel cell system is made more fuel-efficient in comparison with the prior art with FIG. 1: the pipelines can be made shorter, and the anode unit 16 can be arranged closer to a hydrogen tank, while the cathode unit 24 is closer to an air filter can be arranged.
- the arrangement of FIG. 2 is thus space-saving.
- FIG. 1 A second embodiment of the invention is illustrated in FIG.
- the fuel cell stack 10, anode unit 16 and cathode unit 24 are combined to form a module, and indeed the fuel cell stack 10 is no longer surrounded by a housing 14 alone as in FIG. 2, but a common housing 14 'surrounds all three units fuel cell stack 10, anode unit 16 and cathode unit 24.
- the anode unit 16 may be directly mounted (flanged) to the end plate of the fuel cell stack 10 so that the piping 18 and 20 may be omitted, and the cathode unit 24 may be directly connected to the other end plate of the
- the arrangement of Fig. 3 can also be pre-assembled (In particular, everything that is in the housing 14 'is located). As a result, time and costs are saved in the assembly of the fuel cell system in a motor vehicle.
- the arrangement of FIG. 3 is again more space-saving than the arrangement of FIG. 2.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Brennstoffzellensystem The fuel cell system
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Brennstoffzellensystem nach dem Oberbegriff von Patentanspruch 1.The invention relates to a fuel cell system according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
Bei den bisher verbreiteten BrennstoffZeilensystemen sind Anodeneinheit und Kathodeneinheit jeweils auf derselben Seite eines Brennstoffzellenstapels vorgesehen, so dass ein und dieselbe Endplatte des Brennstoffzellenstapels, die einen Stapel von Brennstoffzellen abschließt, Anschlüsse für Rohrverbinder und Rohrleitungen aufweist.In the hitherto widely used fuel cell systems, the anode unit and the cathode unit are each provided on the same side of a fuel cell stack, so that one and the same end plate of the fuel cell stack, which terminates a stack of fuel cells, has connections for pipe connectors and pipelines.
Das Bestreben geht dahin, ein Brennstoffzellensystem möglichst platzsparend in einem Kraftfahrzeug unterzubringen. Das Brennstoffzellensystem soll auch einfach und dadurch kostengünstig montierbar sein.The endeavor is to accommodate a fuel cell system as space-saving as possible in a motor vehicle. The fuel cell system should also be simple and therefore inexpensive to install.
Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, vorhandene Brennstoffzellensysteme weiter in diese Richtung zu verbessern. Die Aufgabe wird durch ein Brennstoffzellensystem nach Patentanspruch 1 gelöst. Die Lösung beruht auf der Erkenntnis, dass es nicht notwendig ist, dass Anodeneinheit und Kathodeneinheit auf derselben Seite des Brennstoffzellenstapels untergebracht sind. Vielmehr erweist es sich als günstig, wenn die Anodeneinheit an der ersten von zwei Endplatten des Brennstoffzellenstapels und die Kathodeneinheit an einer zweiten von zwei Endplatten des Brennstoffzellenstapels angeschlossen ist. Durch diese Anordnung lassen sich nämlich Rohrleitungen verkürzen oder gar ganz einsparen. Die Anordnung ist auch stoffstromgünstiger : Es gibt geringeren Druckverlust in den Gasen, und das BrennstoffZeilensystem kann insgesamt eine schnellere Reaktionsfähigkeit auf Lastsprünge aufweisen.It is an object of the invention to improve existing fuel cell systems further in this direction. The object is achieved by a fuel cell system according to claim 1. The solution is based on the recognition that it is not necessary that the anode unit and the cathode unit be accommodated on the same side of the fuel cell stack. Rather, it proves to be advantageous if the anode unit is connected to the first of two end plates of the fuel cell stack and the cathode unit to a second of two end plates of the fuel cell stack. By this arrangement, namely pipes can be shortened or completely save. The arrangement is also more fuel-efficient: there is less pressure loss in the gases, and the fuel cell system as a whole can have faster response to load transients.
Auch die Montage ist einfacher durchführbar. Brennstoffzellenstapel, Anodeneinheit und Kathodeneinheit können insbesondere bereits vormontiert werden. Es erweist sich hier als günstig, wenn sie von einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse umgeben sind (sog. „Stackbox"), denn dann kühlen die drei Einheiten Brennstoffzellensystem, Anodeneinheit und Kathodeneinheit nach Beendigung des Betriebs des Brennstoffzellensystems gleichmäßig ab, wodurch verhindert wird, dass es im Bereich der Anodeneinheit oder der Kathodeneinheit im Vergleich zum Brennstoffzellenstapel Temperaturfallen gibt, an denen Wasser bei kalten Umgebungstemperaturen gefriert, das beim Wiederstart die Betriebsfähigkeit des Brennstoffzellensystems beeinträchtigt.The assembly is easier to carry out. Fuel cell stack, anode unit and cathode unit can in particular already be pre-assembled. It proves to be advantageous here if they are surrounded by a common housing (so-called. "Stackbox"), because then cool the three units fuel cell system, anode unit and cathode unit evenly after completion of the operation of the fuel cell system, thereby preventing it in the Area of the anode unit or the cathode unit compared to the fuel cell stack are temperature traps at which freezes water at cold ambient temperatures, which affects the operability of the fuel cell system at restart.
Die stoffstromgünstige Anordnung kann insbesondere in einem Kraftfahrzeug dadurch genutzt werden, dass ein Tank, der der Anodeneinheit Wasserstoff zuführt auf der Seite der Anodeneinheit angeordnet wird und ein Luftfilter, der die der Kathodeneinheit zugeführte Luft filtert, auf der Seite der Kathodeneinheit angeordnet wird. Tank und Luftfilter behindern sich daher nicht gegenseitig und können in dem Kraftfahrzeug platzsparend angeordnet werden. Durch die stoffstromgünstige Anordnung können auch hier Rohrleitungen verkürzt oder gar eingespart werden.The material flow-favorable arrangement can be used in particular in a motor vehicle in that a tank which supplies hydrogen to the anode unit is arranged on the side of the anode unit and an air filter which filters the air supplied to the cathode unit is arranged on the side of the cathode unit. Tank and air filter therefore not hinder each other and can be arranged to save space in the vehicle. Due to the low-flow arrangement pipelines can be shortened or even saved here.
Nachfolgend werden bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung unter Bezug auf die Zeichnung beschrieben, in derHereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings, in which
Fig. 1 schematisch den Aufbau einesFig. 1 shows schematically the structure of a
Brennstoffzellensystems gemäß dem Stand der Technik zeigt, Fig. 2 schematisch den Aufbau einesShows fuel cell system according to the prior art, Fig. 2 shows schematically the structure of a
BrennstoffZeilensystems gemäß einer erstenFuel cell system according to a first
Ausführungsform der Erfindung zeigt,Embodiment of the invention shows
Fig. 3 schematisch den Aufbau einesFig. 3 schematically shows the structure of a
Brennstoffzellensystems gemäß einer zweitenFuel cell system according to a second
Ausführungsform der Erfindung zeigt.Embodiment of the invention shows.
Bisher sieht ein Brennstoffzellensystem wie folgt aus: Herzstück des Brennstoffzellensystems ist ein Brennstoffzellenstapel 10. In dem Stapel 10 sind Durchgangsöffnungen 12, 12', so genannte „Stackports", vorgesehen, über die Gas zugeführt bzw. abgeführt wird. Der Brennstoffzellenstapel ist durch Endplatten abgeschlossen. Der ganze Brennstoffzellenstapel 10 befindet sich in einem Gehäuse 14, das den Brennstoffzellenstapel 10 thermisch isoliert. An einer Seite des Brennstoffzellenstapels 10 wird nun eine Anodeneinheit 16 angeschlossen, nämlich eine erste Rohrleitung 18 (Eingang) und eine zweite Rohrleitung 20 (Ausgang) . Der Anodeneinheit 16, welche als Anodenkreislauf („Anodenloop" ) ausgebildet sein kann, wird über eine Leitung 22 Frischwasserstoff zugeführt. An derselben Seite des Brennstoffzellenstapels 10, an der die Anodeneinheit 16 mit den Leitungen 18 und 20 angeschlossen ist, ist auch eine Kathodeneinheit 24 (als Befeuchter ausgebildet) , angeschlossen, mit Eingangsleitung 26 und Ausgangsleitung 28. Der Kathodeneinheit 24 wird über eine Leitung 30 Frischluft zugeführt, und über eine Leitung 32 wird Abluft abgeführt. An der Endplatte des Brennstoffzellenstapels 10 ist zudem eine Eingangsleitung 34 sowie eine Ausgangsleitung 36 für das Kühlmittel angeschlossen. Die Erfindung ist nun anhand von Fig. 2 erläutert. Bei der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 2 befindet sich der BrennstoffStapel 10 nach wie vor in einer Umhüllung 14. An einer Endplatte ist nun die Anodeneinheit 16 mit den Leitungen 18 und 20 angeschlossen, und an der zweiten Endplatte, bewusst also nicht an derselben Endplatte wie die Anodeneinheit 16, ist die Kathodeneinheit 24 mit den Leitungen 26 und 28 angeschlossen. An einer Endplatte, vorliegend derselben Endplatte wie die Kathodeneinheit 24, sind die Eingangsleitung 34 und die Ausgangsleitung 36 für Kühlmittel angeschlossen. Durch die Anordnung in Fig. 2 ist das Brennstoffzellensystem im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik mit Fig. 1 stoffstromgünstiger gestaltet: Die Rohrleitungen können kürzer ausgebildet sein, und es kann die Anodeneinheit 16 näher zu einem Wasserstofftank hin angeordnet sein, während die Kathodeneinheit 24 näher zu einem Luftfilter hin angeordnet sein kann. Die Anordnung aus Fig. 2 ist somit raumsparend.So far, a fuel cell system is as follows: At the heart of the fuel cell system is a fuel cell stack 10. In the stack 10 through-openings 12, 12 ', so-called "stack ports" are provided, is supplied via the gas or discharged, the fuel cell stack is closed by end plates The entire fuel cell stack 10 is located in a housing 14 which thermally insulates the fuel cell stack 10. On one side of the fuel cell stack 10, an anode unit 16 is connected, namely a first conduit 18 (inlet) and a second conduit 20 (outlet) Anode unit 16, which may be formed as an anode circuit ("anode loop") is supplied via a line 22 fresh hydrogen. On the same side of the fuel cell stack 10, to which the anode unit 16 is connected to the lines 18 and 20, is also a cathode unit 24 (designed as a humidifier), connected to input line 26 and output line 28. The cathode unit 24 is fresh air via a line 30 supplied, and via a line 32 exhaust air is discharged. At the end plate of the fuel cell stack 10, an input line 34 and an output line 36 for the coolant is also connected. The invention will now be explained with reference to FIG. 2. In an embodiment of FIG. 2, the fuel stack 10 is still in an enclosure 14. At one end plate, the anode unit 16 is now connected to the conduits 18 and 20, and to the second end plate, thus not aware of the same end plate as the one Anode unit 16, the cathode unit 24 is connected to the lines 26 and 28. On an end plate, in the same end plate as the cathode unit 24, the input pipe 34 and the coolant outlet pipe 36 are connected. 1, the fuel cell system is made more fuel-efficient in comparison with the prior art with FIG. 1: the pipelines can be made shorter, and the anode unit 16 can be arranged closer to a hydrogen tank, while the cathode unit 24 is closer to an air filter can be arranged. The arrangement of FIG. 2 is thus space-saving.
Eine zweite Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist in Fig. 3 veranschaulicht. Hierbei sind Brennstoffzellenstapel 10, Anodeneinheit 16 und Kathodeneinheit 24 zu einem Modul zusammengefasst, und zwar ist nicht mehr der Brennstoffzellenstapel 10 alleine von einem Gehäuse 14 umgeben wie in Fig. 2, sondern ein gemeinsames Gehäuse 14' umgibt sämtliche drei Einheiten Brennstoffzellenstapel 10, Anodeneinheit 16 und Kathodeneinheit 24. Die Anodeneinheit 16 kann direkt an die Endplatte des Brennstoffzellenstapels 10 montiert (angeflanscht) sein, so dass auf die Rohrleitungen 18 und 20 verzichtet werden kann, und die Kathodeneinheit 24 kann direkt an die andere Endplatte desA second embodiment of the invention is illustrated in FIG. Here, the fuel cell stack 10, anode unit 16 and cathode unit 24 are combined to form a module, and indeed the fuel cell stack 10 is no longer surrounded by a housing 14 alone as in FIG. 2, but a common housing 14 'surrounds all three units fuel cell stack 10, anode unit 16 and cathode unit 24. The anode unit 16 may be directly mounted (flanged) to the end plate of the fuel cell stack 10 so that the piping 18 and 20 may be omitted, and the cathode unit 24 may be directly connected to the other end plate of the
Brennstoffzellenstapels montiert (angeflanscht) sein, so dass auf die Rohrleitungen 26 und 28 verzichtet werden kann. Die Anordnung aus Fig. 3 kann zudem vormontiert werden (insbesondere alles, was in dem Gehäuse 14' befindlich ist) . Dadurch werden bei der Montage des Brennstoffzellensystems in einem Kraftfahrzeug Zeit und Kosten gespart. Die Anordnung aus Fig. 3 ist nochmals raumsparender als die Anordnung aus Fig. 2. Fuel cell stack mounted (flanged), so that can be dispensed with the pipes 26 and 28. The arrangement of Fig. 3 can also be pre-assembled (In particular, everything that is in the housing 14 'is located). As a result, time and costs are saved in the assembly of the fuel cell system in a motor vehicle. The arrangement of FIG. 3 is again more space-saving than the arrangement of FIG. 2.
BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
10 Brennstoffzellenstapel10 fuel cell stacks
12,12' Durchgangsöffnungen12.12 'passages
14,14' Gehäuse14,14 'case
16 Anodeneinheit16 anode unit
18,20 Rohrleitungen18.20 piping
24 Kathodeneinheit24 cathode unit
26,34 Eingangsleitung26.34 input line
28,36 Ausgangsleitung28.36 output line
30 Frischluftleitung30 fresh air line
32 Abluftleitung 32 exhaust duct
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007061957A DE102007061957A1 (en) | 2007-12-21 | 2007-12-21 | Fuel cell system for motor vehicle, has fuel cell stack with multiple fuel cells, where fuel cells are sealed at two stack ends, and anode unit and cathode unit are connected with fuel cell stack |
| DE102007061957.1 | 2007-12-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2009083071A1 true WO2009083071A1 (en) | 2009-07-09 |
Family
ID=39363425
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2008/009800 Ceased WO2009083071A1 (en) | 2007-12-21 | 2008-11-20 | Fuel cell system |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE102007061957A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009083071A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050271910A1 (en) * | 2004-06-07 | 2005-12-08 | Hyteon Inc. | Fuel cell stack with even distributing gas manifolds |
| US20060134482A1 (en) * | 2004-12-20 | 2006-06-22 | Detlef Gunther | Air humidification for fuel cell applications |
| WO2006087946A1 (en) * | 2005-02-18 | 2006-08-24 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell system |
| GB2436396A (en) * | 2006-03-24 | 2007-09-26 | Ceres Power Ltd | Fuel Cells Stack System Assembly |
-
2007
- 2007-12-21 DE DE102007061957A patent/DE102007061957A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-11-20 WO PCT/EP2008/009800 patent/WO2009083071A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050271910A1 (en) * | 2004-06-07 | 2005-12-08 | Hyteon Inc. | Fuel cell stack with even distributing gas manifolds |
| US20060134482A1 (en) * | 2004-12-20 | 2006-06-22 | Detlef Gunther | Air humidification for fuel cell applications |
| WO2006087946A1 (en) * | 2005-02-18 | 2006-08-24 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell system |
| GB2436396A (en) * | 2006-03-24 | 2007-09-26 | Ceres Power Ltd | Fuel Cells Stack System Assembly |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102007061957A1 (en) | 2008-06-12 |
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