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WO2009068494A2 - Piston et son procédé de réalisation - Google Patents

Piston et son procédé de réalisation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009068494A2
WO2009068494A2 PCT/EP2008/066058 EP2008066058W WO2009068494A2 WO 2009068494 A2 WO2009068494 A2 WO 2009068494A2 EP 2008066058 W EP2008066058 W EP 2008066058W WO 2009068494 A2 WO2009068494 A2 WO 2009068494A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piston
pin
webs
skirt
workpiece
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2008/066058
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2009068494A3 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Borst
Uwe Nuding
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2009068494A2 publication Critical patent/WO2009068494A2/fr
Publication of WO2009068494A3 publication Critical patent/WO2009068494A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B23P15/10—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass pistons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/008—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of engine cylinder parts or of piston parts other than piston rings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/0084—Pistons  the pistons being constructed from specific materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J1/00—Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers
    • F16J1/001—One-piece pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J1/00—Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers
    • F16J1/01—Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers characterised by the use of particular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J1/00—Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers
    • F16J1/10—Connection to driving members
    • F16J1/14—Connection to driving members with connecting-rods, i.e. pivotal connections
    • F16J1/16—Connection to driving members with connecting-rods, i.e. pivotal connections with gudgeon-pin; Gudgeon-pins
    • F16J1/18—Securing of gudgeon-pins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B22F2003/241—Chemical after-treatment on the surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B22F2003/247—Removing material: carving, cleaning, grinding, hobbing, honing, lapping, polishing, milling, shaving, skiving, turning the surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a piston for internal combustion engines, with a piston head, on which a piston skirt and piston webs connect forming a piston box, and provided in the piston webs bolt hub, and a method for its preparation.
  • the invention further relates to a piston pin for use with the piston.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a piston with better material properties and highest geometric precision, so that best operating characteristics can be achieved with low piston weight.
  • the invention is based primarily on the recognition that there is a material which, although having the desired material properties, but can not be used for the production of pistons with the conventional methods of casting or pressing. According to the invention it is therefore provided that the piston consists of a spray-compacted aluminum-silicon alloy.
  • alloy ratios can be represented which can not be achieved by means of a conventional fusible alloy.
  • the alloy used thus preferably has spherically embedded silicon in a proportion of more than 20 percent by weight. The embedded silicon is exposed in the production of the piston, in particular in the area of the piston skirt and forms a very hard, but not provided with sharp edges tread. This reduces friction and ensures a long service life of the piston.
  • the piston skirt on a freeform geometry in which under operating conditions an ellipse surface projected on a cylinder is present as a support surface relative to a cylinder inner wall. This is achieved, inter alia, by a spherical design of the piston skirt.
  • the piston skirt has a projecting over the piston webs lot, which forms a spring-damper unit for receiving tilting moments. This promotes the smoothness of the piston.
  • the elliptical bearing surface is located in a region between the piston crown and the free end of the piston webs.
  • the wing is not rigid but has a predetermined elasticity, which is preferably created by a wall thickness weakening, so a recess in the piston skirt on the piston inside. Due to the depth and area of the recess, the elasticity of the support surface can be changed in a targeted manner.
  • the pin boss is axially offset transversely to the piston axis against the running direction of the piston, preferably by 0.3 to 0.7 mm, in particular by 0.5 mm. This reduces the forces acting on the piston at top dead center, since the connecting rod then already has a small deflection and an effective torque can be transmitted. The resulting momentum of the axle shift must be supported by the piston skirt. This happens mainly in the spring damper unit.
  • a further stiffening of the piston box can be achieved in that the piston webs are completed by a continuous, approximately parallel to the piston crown extending and inwardly facing annular web.
  • the wall thickness of the piston webs can be further reduced by this measure, resulting in a total weight advantage.
  • the piston crown may have flat reinforcing ribs extending as two inner ribs between the pin bosses of the Bolts hub and extend as four outer ribs approximately radially between the pin bosses and the annular region of the piston.
  • the inventive method for producing a piston for internal combustion engines comprises the following steps:
  • the piston head is machined.
  • the piston is expediently tensioned via an inserted piston pin against a holding device acting on the piston webs.
  • a turning method is used for fine machining, a milling method is used here.
  • a wet-chemical treatment of the piston takes place, for example by means of an aqueous vinegar solution.
  • the aluminum matrix is slightly etched away, so that embedded silicon particles protrude over the surface, in particular in the area of the piston skirt, and form a hard and wear-resistant running surface.
  • a piston pin for the piston according to the invention has a bore axially passing through the bore, which is widened conically in end regions of the bolt. As a result, the mass of the bolt is reduced, whereby the wall thickness, in particular in the highly loaded middle region of the tank, must be sufficiently large.
  • a piston pin having a length of 66 mm and a diameter of 22 mm may have a maximum wall thickness of 5 mm, which reduces to 2 mm due to the conical widenings towards the ends.
  • the conical widenings may have an opening angle in the range of 45 ° to 100 °.
  • the piston pin can additionally have a contour-turned inner shape, in which at high-loaded points of the bolt a larger wall strength is provided as at lower loaded points. Where the shear forces act through the pin boss and the connecting rod, the piston pin then has the largest wall thickness.
  • a piston pin with a diameter of 22 mm can have wall thicknesses of a minimum of 2.5 mm and a maximum of 4.0 mm.
  • the securing of the piston pin is effected by a respective provided in the end region of the bolt outer groove into which a locking ring is inserted.
  • a laminated ring has proven to be a circlip.
  • an inner locking ring is used, which is inserted into a groove in the pin boss.
  • this groove weakens the pin hub, so it can cause breaks in this area.
  • the piston pin according to the invention projects beyond the pin boss on both sides and is secured by the lamellar rings arranged on the pin. The bolt hub can thus remain groove-free.
  • the piston pin can be made of stainless steel and advantageously has a hard coating, for example a coating of a nitride or carbide such as titanium nitride (TiN) or tungsten carbide (WC).
  • a hard coating for example a coating of a nitride or carbide such as titanium nitride (TiN) or tungsten carbide (WC).
  • the invention furthermore relates to a method for controlling the movement distances of a machining or measuring tool during the machining or measuring of a workpiece, in which a computer program, starting from a predetermined reference plane, generates a data record with spatial coordinates of the workpiece, the workpiece being normal to the workpiece Reference level has an undercut workpiece section.
  • the workpiece may in particular be the piston according to the invention, whose piston skirt has a crown, so that from a viewing direction perpendicular to the piston crown an undercut portion of the piston skirt is present.
  • Such a lot is fundamentally not detectable by CAD programs, so that the workpiece has to be re-clamped to a different position in a milling machine in the case of a predetermined machining direction.
  • the invention proposes that starting from at least one further, normal to the first reference plane reference plane another record with spatial coordinates of the workpiece is generated and that the intersection of the at least two data sets is formed, wherein the intersection contains the spatial coordinates of the undercut workpiece section, so that a machining or measurement of the workpiece is made possible without changing its orientation.
  • the crown of the piston skirt which leads to an undercut area normal to the piston crown, is extremely small and lies within the range of the machining tolerance. If the piston were to be re-clamped during machining of the piston skirt, the desired crown could no longer be reliably produced.
  • a grid with triangulated interpolation points with the contour of the workpiece is preferably calculated, wherein the number of interpolation points is selected such that the resolution of the interstitial grid is greater than the processing tolerance.
  • the resolution of the grid can be at least one hundred times greater than the machining tolerance.
  • the grid is preferably calculated only at locations of the workpiece with special accuracy requirements with the highest resolution. If the computer program detects that the projected movement distance of the machining tool does not vary over several triangulation points, a radius function is used and calculated by the Calculation of other coordinates apart. Thus, for a given surface segment of the workpiece, a number of interpolation points is calculated such that three successive interpolation points lie on a circular arc for a given processing tolerance.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a piston for an internal combustion engine.
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of the piston of FIG. 1;
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b show sections through a piston with two variants of a piston pin.
  • the piston shown in the drawing is a machined from a solid blank milled part. It consists essentially of a piston head 10 with an adjoining, annular piston ring section 12, two diametrically opposite piston shirts 14, 14 ', a pin boss having two bearing eyes 16, 16' and a number of piston or reinforcement webs.
  • piston webs 18 extend between the Kolbenhemdrän- the and the bearing lugs 16, 16 'of the pin boss and together with these form the piston box.
  • These piston webs are formed comparatively thin-walled and are therefore completed for further stiffening of an essentially parallel to the piston crown aligned annular web 20.
  • 10 reinforcing ribs are provided on the piston head, of which two inner ribs 22, 22 'within the piston box between the bearing lugs 16, 16' of the pin boss and two outer ribs 24, 24 'radially between the piston ring portion 12 and one of the Lagerau- conditions 16, 16 'extend.
  • the piston skirt 14 has two in Fig. 1 by dashed ellipses marked zones, of which the first, closer to the piston head 10 arranged a support portion 26 and the second, arranged in the region of the free end of the piston skirt 14 a spring-damping section 28.
  • Die Supporting portion 26 is the portion of the piston skirt 14, which lies radially outermost during operation of the piston due to the crowned design of the piston skirt and thus represents the main contact surface to the cylinder.
  • the support part has a greater elasticity than the surrounding parts of the piston skirt 14, which is set by a cutout 30 defined on the inside of the piston skirt.
  • the spring-damper section 28 supports the piston during tilting movements in the direction reversal at top dead center on the cylinder wall.
  • the resilient-steaming design of the lot 28 causes a noise minimization.
  • the tilting moment of the piston results from a pin hub axis offset by approx. 0.5 mm against the direction of travel of the piston. This reduces the forces acting on the piston at top dead center, since the connecting rod then already there has a small deflection, so that an effective torque can be transmitted.
  • the spring behavior is set defined by a decreasing cross-section towards the free end.
  • FIG. 3a the piston of FIG. 1 and 2 is shown with inserted piston pin 32.
  • the piston pin is hollow drilled to reduce weight, the bore widens conically towards the end sides.
  • the piston pin 32 projects beyond the bearing lugs 16, 16 'of the pin boss and has outer grooves 34, 34', into the lamellar rings 36, 36 'are used to secure the bolt in the hub.
  • Such a fuse has proven to be much more reliable than conventional fuses, in which a short piston pin and snap rings are used in internal grooves in the bearing bosses of the pin boss. In addition to the improved reliability of the fuse takes place in a backup, as shown in Fig.
  • the piston pin 32 also no weakening of the pin boss by internal grooves instead, so that the load capacity of the piston is improved.
  • this has a hard material coating, not shown, for example, a nitride or carbide coating on.
  • the piston pin 32 ' as shown in Fig. 3b, not only hollow drilled but also has a contour-turned inner shape, in which the wall thickness is greater at higher loaded points than at less highly loaded points. As a result, the weight of the piston pin 32 'is further reduced without reducing the load capacity.
  • the piston pin 32 ' is made of a steel alloy that is tempered, not just hardened. By tempering following tempering, high strength and high toughness are achieved during tempering.
  • the invention relates to a piston for internal combustion engines, with a piston head 10, on which a piston skirt 14, 14 'and piston webs 18 forming a piston box forming, and provided in the piston webs pin boss 16, 16', and a milling process for its production.
  • the invention further relates to a piston pin for use with the piston.
  • the invention is based primarily on the recognition that there is a material which, although having the desired material properties, but can not be used for the production of pistons with the conventional methods of casting or pressing. According to the invention, it is therefore provided that the piston consists of an injection-molded aluminum-silicon alloy.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un piston destiné à des moteurs à combustion interne, comprenant une tête de piston (10) à laquelle se rattache une chemise de piston (14, 14') et des tiges de piston (18) pour former un bol de piston, et un bossage d'axe (16, 16') présent dans les tiges de piston. L'invention a également pour objet un procédé permettant la réalisation de ce piston. L'invention se rapporte aussi à un axe de piston à utiliser avec le piston. L'invention repose avant tout sur la connaissance selon laquelle il existe un matériau qui, bien qu'il possède les propriétés souhaitées, ne peut cependant être utilisé pour la réalisation de pistons au moyen des procédés de coulage ou de moulage conventionnels. Selon l'invention, le piston se composé d'un alliage aluminium / silicium compacté par injection.
PCT/EP2008/066058 2007-11-30 2008-11-24 Piston et son procédé de réalisation Ceased WO2009068494A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007058119 2007-11-30
DE102007058119.1 2007-11-30
DE102008018850.6 2008-04-17
DE102008018850A DE102008018850A1 (de) 2007-11-30 2008-04-17 Kolben und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009068494A2 true WO2009068494A2 (fr) 2009-06-04
WO2009068494A3 WO2009068494A3 (fr) 2009-08-20

Family

ID=40585999

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2008/066058 Ceased WO2009068494A2 (fr) 2007-11-30 2008-11-24 Piston et son procédé de réalisation

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102008018850A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009068494A2 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011080822A1 (de) * 2011-08-11 2013-02-14 Mahle International Gmbh Kolben
CN103521668A (zh) * 2013-07-30 2014-01-22 中北大学 一种高强复杂铝合金异形外六边座钣挤压成形方法
CN109794734A (zh) * 2019-01-23 2019-05-24 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 环梁的加工方法
CN112658262A (zh) * 2020-12-21 2021-04-16 湖南英捷高科技有限责任公司 一种高硬度耐磨活塞销及其制备方法
US11668263B2 (en) * 2017-04-19 2023-06-06 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Piston with a structured design

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009059056A1 (de) 2009-12-18 2011-06-22 MAHLE International GmbH, 70376 Kolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor
DE102014210876A1 (de) * 2014-06-06 2015-12-17 Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH Kolben und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE102015217911A1 (de) 2015-09-18 2017-03-23 Mahle International Gmbh Kolben für eine Brennkraftmaschine
CN106078112B (zh) * 2016-07-21 2018-07-20 滁州南钢盛达实业有限公司 一种h型钢的生产工艺
CN108421979B (zh) * 2018-05-24 2019-11-08 东南大学 一种超长金属工件的3d打印设备及打印方法

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011080822A1 (de) * 2011-08-11 2013-02-14 Mahle International Gmbh Kolben
US8752521B2 (en) 2011-08-11 2014-06-17 Mahle International Gmbh Piston
CN103521668A (zh) * 2013-07-30 2014-01-22 中北大学 一种高强复杂铝合金异形外六边座钣挤压成形方法
US11668263B2 (en) * 2017-04-19 2023-06-06 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Piston with a structured design
CN109794734A (zh) * 2019-01-23 2019-05-24 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 环梁的加工方法
CN112658262A (zh) * 2020-12-21 2021-04-16 湖南英捷高科技有限责任公司 一种高硬度耐磨活塞销及其制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102008018850A1 (de) 2009-06-04
WO2009068494A3 (fr) 2009-08-20

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