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WO2009068363A1 - Formulation de ciment conducteur et application pour une utilisation dans un puits - Google Patents

Formulation de ciment conducteur et application pour une utilisation dans un puits Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009068363A1
WO2009068363A1 PCT/EP2008/063771 EP2008063771W WO2009068363A1 WO 2009068363 A1 WO2009068363 A1 WO 2009068363A1 EP 2008063771 W EP2008063771 W EP 2008063771W WO 2009068363 A1 WO2009068363 A1 WO 2009068363A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cement
carbon fiber
graphite
well
resistivity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2008/063771
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Robert Williams
Emmanuel Therond
Terry Dammel
Mitchell Gentry
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schlumberger Canada Ltd
Services Petroliers Schlumberger SA
Schlumberger Technology BV
Schlumberger Holdings Ltd
Prad Research and Development Ltd
Original Assignee
Schlumberger Canada Ltd
Services Petroliers Schlumberger SA
Schlumberger Technology BV
Schlumberger Holdings Ltd
Prad Research and Development Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US11/947,881 external-priority patent/US7732381B2/en
Application filed by Schlumberger Canada Ltd, Services Petroliers Schlumberger SA, Schlumberger Technology BV, Schlumberger Holdings Ltd, Prad Research and Development Ltd filed Critical Schlumberger Canada Ltd
Priority to GB1007893.9A priority Critical patent/GB2466612B/en
Priority to CN200880118466.4A priority patent/CN102124075B/zh
Publication of WO2009068363A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009068363A1/fr
Priority to NO20100724A priority patent/NO20100724L/no
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
    • C09K8/42—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells
    • C09K8/46—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing inorganic binders, e.g. Portland cement
    • C09K8/467—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing inorganic binders, e.g. Portland cement containing additives for specific purposes

Definitions

  • the present invention broadly relates to well cementing. More particularly the invention relates to a conductive cementing composition and related method of placing said composition in an oil or gas well.
  • cement in oil and gas wells is placed in the annular gap between the drilled formation and the steel casing. Its main functions are to provide long-term zonal isolation and support for casing strings. Zonal isolation has to be achieved during the life of the well and after its abandonment. In such, cement has been used for more than 70 years in oilwell applications. Cement has great versatility as an engineering material, demonstrating superior compressive and tensile strengths, ductility, and flexibility over a wide density range... these values vary depending on the additives chosen during design. Conventional cements typically demonstrate high electrical resistivity and are generally considered good insulators of electrical current. This property can either be an advantage or disadvantage for certain applications.
  • the measured dry resistivity values of cement range from 6.54xlO 3 to 11.4xlO 5 ⁇ .cm.
  • the addition of particulates and fibrous conductive materials may significantly improve the electrical properties of cement composite materials. With the proper addition of conductive materials, acceptable cement electrical properties have been achieved with standard Portland cement or concrete composites. Several previous studies into electrically conductive cement composites have have been performed on standard Type I or other construction-grade cement.
  • Oilwell cement on the other hand, is exposed to increased temperature and pressure conditions... depending on depth and lithology. Moisture conditions also change from well to well. Cement is a porous material, and porous mediums have been found to follow Arps law with respect to temperature. Cement porosity is an important variable in resistivity measurements. Two types of porosity should be considered in this discussion: initial and final porosity. In initial or “slurry" porosity, the ratio of mix water to cement slurry is expressed as a percentage of total volume. The final or “set” porosity is expressed as the ratio of pore/void volume to total volume of the set material. Based on earlier findings, resistivity of set cement is directly proportional to the final connected porosity.
  • the invention discloses a cement composition for cementing a well comprising: hydraulic cement, water, carbon fiber and graphite.
  • Current invention combines the benefits obtained from adding carbon fiber and graphite to the same cement composite.
  • the synergy achieved from combining fibers and particulates into the same sample results in a composite slurry with improved electrical properties and easy-to- optimize rheologies.
  • the carbon fiber is present in an amount not exceeding 5 kg per cubic meter and more preferably, between 0.5 and 2 kg per cubic meter.
  • the graphite is present as coarse particulate graphite in an amount not exceeding 50% by weight of dry blend and more preferably, in an amount between 20% and 50% by weight of dry blend.
  • the slurry further comprises carbon black conductive filler not exceeding 1 % by weight of dry blend.
  • a method of cementing a well comprises the step of pumping a slurry cement composition comprising: hydraulic cement, water, carbon fiber and graphite.
  • the carbon fiber is present graphite in an amount not exceeding 50% by weight of dry blend and more advantageously, in an amount between 20% and 50% by weight of dry blend.
  • the method comprises the step of drilling the well and putting in casing, wherein the step of cementing applies to cement in the annular space between the casing and previous casing and/or formation. And further comprises the step of deploying a tool able to measure formation resistivity through casing and measuring said formation resistivity.
  • the resistivity of the cement sheath will be reduced at least 1-2 orders of magnitude below the formation resistivity. This will allow more signal to pass through the cement into the formation and improve penetration radius, as well as increase accuracy and resolution in the measurements.
  • measurement of the formation resistivity is done with a Cased Hole Formation Resistivity Tool (CHFR) provided by Schlumberger.
  • CHFR Cased Hole Formation Resistivity Tool
  • a method of measurement measures the formation resistivity of a well wherein the well comprises cement made of carbon fiber and graphite.
  • the slurry of the invention can be used as a cathodic protection for well.
  • Figure 4 shows data demonstrating significant improvement in conductivity when adding carbon fibers to cement composite with carbon black and coarse graphite.
  • Figure 7 shows impact of coarse particulate graphite on cement conductivity and the synergy between coarse particulate graphite and fibrous graphite.
  • the slurry cement composition for cementing a well comprises: hydraulic cement, water, carbon fiber and graphite.
  • the most commonly reported carbon fiber for improving electrical properties in set cement is equal to or greater than 6 mm. Similar electrical properties were achieved with 3 and 6 mm fibers but the addition of 3 mm fibers rendered unmixable cement slurries with unacceptable rheological properties. For this reason, longer fibers are preferred in oilwell cement applications.
  • Graphite is used as coarse particulate graphite average diameter is around 70 to 500 ⁇ m for the particle size.
  • Portland cement containing carbon fiber and particulate graphite demonstrates reduced cement resistivity, compared to conventional cement with no fibers or graphite present. Small concentrations of carbon fiber result in a connective path though the cement matrix for electrons to flow.
  • additives present in the blend include a polyvinyl chloride fluid loss additive (0.2-0.3 % BWOB), polysulfonate dispersant (0.5-1.5 % BWOB), carbon black conductive filler aid not exceeding 1.0 % BWOB, and various retarders (lignosulfonate, short-chain purified sugars with terminal carboxylate groups, and other proprietary synthetic retarder additives).
  • silica or other weighting additives such as Hematite or Barite, may be used to optimize rheological properties of the cement composite slurry during placement across the zone of interest. Usually silica concentrations will not exceed 40 % BWOC (by weight of cement). This is done to prevent strength retrogression when well temperatures may exceed 230 0 F. For most formulations, Hematite or Barite does not exceed 25 % BWOB or BWOC.
  • p is the resistivity
  • ⁇ is conductivity
  • S is the cross-sectional area of the conductive path
  • L is the path length
  • R is the resistance
  • resistivity and conductivity are inversely proportional.
  • a testing matrix was chosen to consider the synergy between two different sized particulates (carbon black and course graphite) and two different sized graphite fibers (3 and 6 mm). The matrix is provided in Table 1 below.
  • Table 1 is a summary of the different systems tested to develop cement composites with superior electrical properties, from acceptable mixability and pumpability in the field to develop superior electrical properties in the set cement.
  • the cement used in this study was Portland API Class G.
  • the measured composition of Class G is 55 wt % C 3 S, 22-28 wt % C 4 AF, 5.0 wt % C 3 A, 2.9% SO 3 , 0.8% MgO, 0.55 wt % Alkalies (Na 2 O « 0.66 K 2 O), and other trace components.
  • FIG. 1 An interesting phenomenon was observed during testing of carbon fiber systems, called a threshold or percolation effect.
  • fibers at low concentrations collect in packets with high localized conductivity but low connectivity across the cement matrix.
  • the fibers At a "threshold" fiber concentration, the fibers have enough interconnectivity across the cement matrix to conduct a current.
  • Figure 5 demonstrates the effect of increasing fiber concentration on cement resistivity after 10 days curing at 15O 0 F.
  • carbon fiber demonstrated a threshold between 5-9 kg/m 3 .
  • An illustration of the threshold concept is placed beside each measurement. This demonstrates the link between increased fiber connectivity and improved electrical properties through the sample.
  • particulate conductive materials were added to the cement powder prior to mixing as part of the blend and were sheared at 12,000 rpm. Further, all measurements of coarse graphite particles show excellent conductivity at higher concentrations (greater than 40 % BWOB). Therefore, it is essential that for a high-shear environment (12,000 rpm) that might be faced when cement composite slurries are circulated through centrifugal pumps during field placement, particulate graphite be used in combination with carbon fiber to offset potential shearing damage to the fibers. Since fibers provide better overall conductivity and particulate graphite provides better shear resistance, it is recommended to use both materials in cement composites used in oilwell applications where high shear environments are anticipated.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une composition de ciment pour cimenter un puits, comprenant : un ciment hydraulique, de l'eau, des fibres de carbone et du graphite.
PCT/EP2008/063771 2007-11-30 2008-10-14 Formulation de ciment conducteur et application pour une utilisation dans un puits Ceased WO2009068363A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1007893.9A GB2466612B (en) 2007-11-30 2008-10-14 Conductive cement formulation and application for use in well
CN200880118466.4A CN102124075B (zh) 2007-11-30 2008-10-14 在井中使用的导电水泥配方和应用
NO20100724A NO20100724L (no) 2007-11-30 2010-05-19 Ledende sementformulering og anvendelse av denne i en bronn

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/947,881 US7732381B2 (en) 2007-11-30 2007-11-30 Conductive cement formulation and application for use in wells
US11/947,881 2007-11-30
EP08290053 2008-01-17
EP08290053.1 2008-01-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009068363A1 true WO2009068363A1 (fr) 2009-06-04

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2008/063771 Ceased WO2009068363A1 (fr) 2007-11-30 2008-10-14 Formulation de ciment conducteur et application pour une utilisation dans un puits

Country Status (4)

Country Link
CN (1) CN102124075B (fr)
GB (1) GB2466612B (fr)
NO (1) NO20100724L (fr)
WO (1) WO2009068363A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021051029A1 (fr) * 2019-09-13 2021-03-18 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Gaine de ciment gonflable par l'eau à la demande avec capacité de détection et procédé de scellement de fissures de propagation dans une formation souterraine
EP3894508A4 (fr) * 2018-12-10 2022-01-26 Conocophillips Company Fluide porteur de communication de fond de trou
US11661841B2 (en) 2018-12-10 2023-05-30 Conocophillips Company Downhole communication carrier fluid

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102797296B (zh) * 2012-07-13 2014-10-22 哈尔滨工业大学 Cp阳极功能与应力自感知一体化智能复合材料
CN105753342B (zh) * 2016-01-31 2017-09-29 西安建筑科技大学 电导率可调控碱激发赤泥基半导体胶凝材料的制备
CN110590271A (zh) * 2018-06-12 2019-12-20 中国石油化工集团公司 用于地热井的高导热水泥浆及其制备方法
CN115073083A (zh) * 2022-05-18 2022-09-20 广州大学 一种掺cfrp边角料的普通硅酸盐水泥及其制备方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5673663A (en) * 1979-11-19 1981-06-18 Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd Manufacture of electroconductive hardened body
WO2006091185A1 (fr) * 2005-02-18 2006-08-31 Ogden Technologies, Inc. Produits de béton ou de ciment renforcés de fibres et leur procédé de fabrication
US20070062691A1 (en) * 2005-09-16 2007-03-22 Reddy B R Methods of formulating a cement composition
US20070240620A1 (en) * 2006-04-12 2007-10-18 Ramme Bruce W Electrically conductive concrete and controlled low strength materials having spent carbon sorbent

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5673663A (en) * 1979-11-19 1981-06-18 Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd Manufacture of electroconductive hardened body
WO2006091185A1 (fr) * 2005-02-18 2006-08-31 Ogden Technologies, Inc. Produits de béton ou de ciment renforcés de fibres et leur procédé de fabrication
US20070062691A1 (en) * 2005-09-16 2007-03-22 Reddy B R Methods of formulating a cement composition
US20070240620A1 (en) * 2006-04-12 2007-10-18 Ramme Bruce W Electrically conductive concrete and controlled low strength materials having spent carbon sorbent

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Week 198132, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 1981-57578D, XP002514880 *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3894508A4 (fr) * 2018-12-10 2022-01-26 Conocophillips Company Fluide porteur de communication de fond de trou
US11661841B2 (en) 2018-12-10 2023-05-30 Conocophillips Company Downhole communication carrier fluid
WO2021051029A1 (fr) * 2019-09-13 2021-03-18 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Gaine de ciment gonflable par l'eau à la demande avec capacité de détection et procédé de scellement de fissures de propagation dans une formation souterraine
US20210079287A1 (en) * 2019-09-13 2021-03-18 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Water Swellable Cement Sheath on Demand, with Sensing Capability
US11680198B2 (en) 2019-09-13 2023-06-20 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Water swellable cement sheath on demand, with sensing capability

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2466612B (en) 2012-09-19
NO20100724L (no) 2010-05-28
CN102124075A (zh) 2011-07-13
GB201007893D0 (en) 2010-06-23
GB2466612A (en) 2010-06-30
CN102124075B (zh) 2014-03-12

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