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WO2009046285A1 - Fermetures pour récipients sous pression à filament enroulé - Google Patents

Fermetures pour récipients sous pression à filament enroulé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009046285A1
WO2009046285A1 PCT/US2008/078729 US2008078729W WO2009046285A1 WO 2009046285 A1 WO2009046285 A1 WO 2009046285A1 US 2008078729 W US2008078729 W US 2008078729W WO 2009046285 A1 WO2009046285 A1 WO 2009046285A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
casing
pressure vessel
vessel according
groove
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2008/078729
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Douglas W. Eisberg
Christian J. Gargiulo
Eric A. Bizzigotti
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bekaert Progressive Composites LLC
Original Assignee
Bekaert Progressive Composites LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bekaert Progressive Composites LLC filed Critical Bekaert Progressive Composites LLC
Publication of WO2009046285A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009046285A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J13/00—Covers or similar closure members for pressure vessels in general
    • F16J13/02—Detachable closure members; Means for tightening closures
    • F16J13/08—Detachable closure members; Means for tightening closures attached by one or more members actuated to project behind a part or parts of the frame
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
    • B01D2313/20—Specific housing
    • B01D2313/205—Specific housing characterised by the shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/56—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally
    • B29C53/58—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically
    • B29C53/583—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically for making tubular articles with particular features
    • B29C53/587—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically for making tubular articles with particular features having a non-uniform wall-structure, e.g. with inserts, perforations, locally concentrated reinforcements

Definitions

  • This invention relates to filament wound pressure vessels and more particularly to the fabrication of filament wound pressure vessels wherein end closures can be effectively secured to allow such pressure vessels to operate at desired internal pressures.
  • Pressure vessels such as those having full bore openings, have been in ever increasing demand with the growth of reverse osmosis, nano filtration, ultrafiltration and micro filtration as ever more important commercial separation processes.
  • the term full- bore-access is used to denote a pressure vessel having an opening of a diameter such that a cartridge or other device of outer diameter close to the interior diameter of the bore of the pressure vessel can be supplied to and removed from the pressure vessel through such entrance.
  • Such pressure vessels are economically made using filaments of high tensile strength that are impregnated with synthetic resinous material such as epoxy resins, vinyl ester resins, polyester resins, acrylic resins and polyurethane resins and are referred to as fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) vessels.
  • FRP fiber reinforced plastic
  • the receptacle in a filament wound pressure vessel in which the ring is received has generally been that of an internally grooved annular insert, usually made of a strong metal, that becomes bonded as an integral part of the filament wound FRP vessel.
  • an internally grooved annular insert usually made of a strong metal, that becomes bonded as an integral part of the filament wound FRP vessel.
  • Such an arrangement has been felt needed in order to provide adequate strength to prevent blowout of the end closure when the vessel is subjected to high internal pressure.
  • pressures of 800-1,000 psi may often be used.
  • the end closure for such a pressure vessel constitutes a substantial portion of the overall cost.
  • the search has continued for more effective and economical arrangements for providing end closures for filament wound pressure vessels, and particularly for pressure vessels than can be designed to handle a range of internal pressures.
  • filament wound pressure vessels for accommodating cylindrical cartridges or like objects may be wound in a manner so as to create an integral circumferential groove of certain size and shape located in the interior cylindrical surface of the entrance end region of the vessel; this groove, when coupled with segmental locking rings of a certain design, will secure an end closure plug in a manner that will very effectively resist high internal pressure.
  • vessels incorporating such improvements will meet ASME standards for operation at such pressures without the inclusion of a grooved metal ring or the like having been incorporated as a part of the filament wound FRP vessel.
  • the invention provides a filament wound pressure vessel for holding a cylindrical cartridge, which vessel comprises a generally tubular filament wound pressure-resistant casing having an interior bore of circular cross-section and a transverse annular end face, a removable end closure plug of circular cross-section which is received in said bore for closing an end of said casing, said filament wound casing having a circumferential groove formed in its interior surface in an entrance region generally near said end face, and circular locking means received in said groove to secure said removable end closure plug within the casing and close the end of the casing, said circumferential groove, which is created in said casing during filament winding thereof, having an axially outer wall which is oriented at an angle between about 70° and 45° to the centerline of said casing.
  • the invention provides a filament wound pressure vessel for holding a cylindrical object, which vessel comprises: a generally tubular filament wound pressure-resistant casing having an interior central bore region of circular cross-section and a transverse annular end face, a removable end closure plug of circular cross-section which is received in said bore for closing an end of said casing, said filament wound casing having a bell end section of greater wall thickness than said central bore region and having a circumferential groove formed in its interior surface of said bell end section generally near said end face, said bell end section having an annular bulbous exterior region surrounding the location of said groove, and circular locking means received in said groove to secure said removable end closure plug within the casing and close the end of the casing, said circumferential groove, which is created in said casing during filament winding thereof, having an axially outward wall which is oriented at an angle between about 70° and 45° to the centerline of said casing.
  • FIGURE 1 is a cross-sectional view of a pressure vessel showing an end closure arrangement embodying various features of the present invention.
  • FIGURE 2 is an enlarged fragmentary view of the encircled portion of the end closure shown in FIGURE 1.
  • FIGURE 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the locking ring segment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • FIGURE 4 is a fragmentary view, enlarged in size, showing the sidewall of the pressure vessel of FIG. 1 in the region of the end closure, with the end closure and the locking ring segment removed.
  • FIGURE 5 is a front view of the locking ring segment shown in FIGS. 1-3.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the entrance end of a pressure vessel 11 having a full bore opening.
  • the pressure vessel is designed so as can be produced by conventional filament winding about a mandrel, as generally described with respect to FIG. 2 of the '303 patent.
  • the vessel will have a central casing section 13 that has a cylindrical interior bore 15 of circular cross-section that is sized to be just slightly greater than the diameter of the cylindrical filtration cartridges that will be accommodated therewithin.
  • Each end of the pressure vessel 11 is preferably formed as a bell or entrance end section 17 of greater exterior diameter and slightly larger interior diameter than the central casing section 13. It has a thickness over the major portion of its length about three times that of the section 13 which provides the main bore of the vessel 11.
  • a suitable spacer is positioned on the mandrel to provide an interior surface 23 at the entrance end of slightly greater diameter than the central bore 15 and a short frustoconical transition section 25 leading to the central bore 15.
  • the spacer may also be shaped to define an interior groove 21, or the spacer may be made in two parts, e.g. a separate unit might be used to form the groove and the transition section.
  • the entrance or bell end section 17 has an interior cylindrical entrance wall 23 of constant diameter which extends from a transverse flat end wall 24 to the short frustoconical transition surface 25 that leads to the interior bore 15 of the pressure vessel.
  • a bulbous annular region 26 is located in surrounding relationship to the groove 21.
  • the pressure vessel may be provided with one or two side ports by simply cutting two diametrically opposed (or one) circular passageways through the enlarged entrance section sidewall, counterboring such passageways and then installing two side port fittings 27 within these radial passageways, as is well known in this art.
  • additional ports e.g. at 90° thereto, can be provided if desired.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an end plug 29 that is used to effectively seal the end of the pressure vessel 11.
  • the end plug 29 is circular in shape, having a peripheral surface formed as a section 31 of a right circular cylinder at its axially inward end, an annular shoulder 33 intermediate its width and a recessed front or axially outward region as a result of a circumferential recess 35 of rectangular, i.e. square, cross section that is formed in the otherwise flat front face 37 of the end plug 29.
  • the diameter of the annular shoulder 33 is just greater than that of the central bore 15, but it is proportionally sized such that the end plug 29 is slidably received in the entrance end of the vessel, i.e. the diameter of the shoulder 33 is just slightly less than the diameter of the vessel entrance surface 23.
  • This surface 23 of constant diameter extends from its flat front face 24 to the groove 21; the radially inward end of the groove is contiguous with the transition section 25.
  • the plug 29 can be slid or inserted into the vessel until an oblique surface 39 on the shoulder abuts against the transition surface 25 of the vessel entrance.
  • An axial passageway extends centrally through the end plug 29 which accommodates a circular cross section portion of a female tubular connector 41.
  • the connector 41 receives a first male connector portion of an adapter 41a which has a second male connector portion that is received in the permeate conduit 43 of a cylindrical filtration cartridge 45, as well known in this art.
  • Locking means in the form of a segmented ring 47 is received in the groove 21 and secures the end plug 29 in place in the entrance end section 17.
  • a seal plate 49 of molded polymeric material or the like is preferably provided, which seats against the axially inward surface of the end plug.
  • the seal plate 49 has an interior hub through which the tubular connector 41 passes and is sealed by an O-ring 51 seated therein.
  • An annular flange 53 near the exterior circumferential edge of the seal plate 49 is provided with a short lip 55 to create a pocket in which an annular seal 57 is accommodated.
  • the seal plate 49 is locked in place against the end plug 29 by a shoulder on the connector 41 which seats and bears against an inner peripheral surface on the hub of the seal plate when the connector 41 is locked in place. Locking is effected when a snap ring 59 is received in a groove in the connector, with the snap ring seating against the flat front surface 37 of the end plug, as seen in FIG. 1.
  • the groove 21 is preferably V-shaped in cross-section. It has been found that, by shaping the groove 21 so its axially outward wall 61 is aligned at an angle between about 45° and about 70° to the centerline of the pressure vessel, a filament wound FRP pressure vessel will exhibit surprising strength in supporting the end plug 29 when under high interior pressure. This is the angle A marked in FIG. 4. Very generally, a groove with an outward wall near the lower end of such range, e.g. about 50° to 55°, would support an end closure that would effectively hold a high internal pressure; vice-versa, low pressure vessels might be formed with grooves with an outward wall with an angle A of about 60° to 65°.
  • Both walls 61, 63 may be oriented at angles between about 45° and about 70° to the centerline; however, the angle of the axially inward wall is less critical.
  • the axially inward wall is depicted on FIG. 4 as angle B and may be steeper by about 5° to 10° than angle A.
  • the groove 21 preferably has an arcuate innermost bottom surface 65 which interconnects the two walls.
  • the end plug 29, with the seal plate 49 and tubular connector 41 installed, is secured in closed position in the vessel entrance by a plurality of arcuate locking segments 47.
  • Three segments 47 each being an arcuate segment of about 120°, may be preferred; however, two segments or four or more segments could be used if desired. Although it may be convenient for all of the segments to be the same size, such is not necessary, and different arcuate size segments may be used that preferably add up to about 360°.
  • the arcuate segments 47 each have a head portion and a root portion.
  • the head has a radially inner, arcuate surface 67, which has substantially the same radius of curvature as that of the circumferential recess 35 of the end plug 31 (see FIG. 2).
  • the portion of the head which extends forward of the root portion has a radially outer surface 69 with a radius of curvature substantially the same as the interior wall surface 23 of the entrance section of the vessel, and it has a flat front wall 70.
  • the root portion has an angled wall surface that extends from the surface 69 and that is oriented to lie in abutting contact with the axially outward wall 61 of the groove 21. Thus, it is oriented to the arcuate surface 69 at an angle that is supplementary to angle A.
  • the radially outer edge 72 of the root portion of the locking segment 47 is arcuate in cross section having a radius that is substantially the same as the bottom 65 of the groove 21.
  • the axially inward or rear surface 73 of the root portion of the locking segment is preferably a flat wall 73 which extends upward to an arcuate surface 75 that is juxtaposed with the annular shoulder in its operative position.
  • This radially interior surface 75 of the root portion is a right circular cylindrical surface that is essentially coaxial with the radially outer surface 69 of the front portion of the head.
  • the radially interior arcuate surface 75 of the root portion is aligned coaxially with the head radially outer arcuate surface 69 that lies in abutting contact with the interior surface 23 of the entrance region of the pressure vessel.
  • the arcuate surface 75 terminates at a flat rear surface 77 of the head portion, and when assembled, this radially interior arcuate surface 75 lies juxtaposed with the outer surface of the shoulder 33 of the end plug 29.
  • the locking segment 47 in cross section, constitutes a head portion that lies above the cylindrical surface 23 of the vessel (within the bore region) and a root portion that is seated in the groove 21.
  • the rear section of the head portion is seated in the circumferential groove 35 in the front flat surface 37 of the end plug 29, whereas the front section of the head extends forward thereof.
  • each locking segment 47 As best seen in FIG. 5, there are recessed pockets 81 formed centrally of each of the three locking segments 47 which provide clearance for the head of the cap screw 79.
  • the head of the cap screw when tightened, bears against the flat front surface 37 and the wall at the end of the pocket in the arcuate segment.
  • each locking segment seated in the groove 21, becomes clamped to the front of the end plug 29 when the respective cap screw has been tightened in the pocket 81 to cause engagement between the flat rear surface 77 of the head portion and the transverse wall of the circumferential recess 35 in the end plug.
  • the pressure vessel 11 is first loaded with the desired number of cylindrical filtration cartridges 45 or the like, and an adaptor 41a is inserted into the permeate tube 43 of the last one to be loaded.
  • the end plug assembly, with the seal plate 49, the connector 41 and the various O-ring seals installed, is then carefully slid into the entrance end of the vessel so the end of the adapter 41a, which protrudes from the permeate tube of the last cylindrical filtration cartridge, is received in the chamfered end of the connector 41.
  • the first male connector portion of the adapter 41a is elongated, and its sliding fit with the connector 41 provides clearance to allow the plug assembly to be slid a bit more deeply into the vessel to open up in the region of the groove 21 to allow the three arcuate locking segments 47 to be inserted.
  • the extent of entry of the end plug 29 is limited by engagement of the shoulder's oblique wall 39 with the transition surface 25 of the vessel.
  • the respective right and left hand edges of each arcuate segment 47 are suitably angled (as seen in FIG. 5) to provide clearances to allow them to be individually readily inserted into the region between the installed end plug 29 and the groove 21 as a result of the clearance also provided by the circumferential recess 35 in the front flat face 37 of the end plug.
  • the segments may be similarly indivudally readily removed therefrom.
  • the end plug 29 is then pulled slightly axially outward, using the threaded end of the connector 41, to the position shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the three cap screws 79 are then inserted into the threaded holes 77 in the end plug so their heads enter the open regions provided by the pockets 81 ; the pockets are aligned with the threaded holes when the arcuate segments 47 are installed. Tightening of the cap screws 79 in the threaded holes clamps the head of each arcuate segment 47 against the flat transverse wall of the circumferential recess 35, tightly joining the three segments to the end plug 29.
  • both walls 61, 63 of the groove 21 may be oriented at the same angle so that angle A would equal angle B; however, it may be preferred to orient the axially inward walls 63 at slightly steeper angle, for example 5° to 10° steeper than angle A.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une fermeture améliorée pour récipient cylindrique sous pression en matériau FRP (fiberglass reinforced plastic) comprenant une ouverture à passage intégral. Un bouchon de fermeture circulaire (29) est efficacement verrouillé en place par une pluralité de segments de verrouillage annulaires (47) qui sont logés dans une rainure en forme de V (21) formée directement dans l'enveloppe du matériau FRP.
PCT/US2008/078729 2007-10-04 2008-10-03 Fermetures pour récipients sous pression à filament enroulé Ceased WO2009046285A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US97757407P 2007-10-04 2007-10-04
US60/977,574 2007-10-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009046285A1 true WO2009046285A1 (fr) 2009-04-09

Family

ID=40526692

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2008/078729 Ceased WO2009046285A1 (fr) 2007-10-04 2008-10-03 Fermetures pour récipients sous pression à filament enroulé

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WO (1) WO2009046285A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4358377A (en) * 1980-09-02 1982-11-09 The Dow Chemical Company Shear-vectoring design for composite casing end and removable, pressure-locking closure therefor
WO1988003830A1 (fr) * 1986-11-22 1988-06-02 Peters Thomas A Module a membrane
US4781830A (en) * 1988-04-19 1988-11-01 Osmonics, Inc. Cross flow filtration apparatus and closure assembly therefor
WO1993006918A1 (fr) * 1991-09-30 1993-04-15 The Dow Chemical Company Systeme de contention a machoires utilise dans les dispositifs a membranes a fibres creuses______________________________________
US5720411A (en) * 1996-03-20 1998-02-24 Advanced Structures, Inc. Pressure vessels and end closures therefor

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4358377A (en) * 1980-09-02 1982-11-09 The Dow Chemical Company Shear-vectoring design for composite casing end and removable, pressure-locking closure therefor
WO1988003830A1 (fr) * 1986-11-22 1988-06-02 Peters Thomas A Module a membrane
US4781830A (en) * 1988-04-19 1988-11-01 Osmonics, Inc. Cross flow filtration apparatus and closure assembly therefor
WO1993006918A1 (fr) * 1991-09-30 1993-04-15 The Dow Chemical Company Systeme de contention a machoires utilise dans les dispositifs a membranes a fibres creuses______________________________________
US5720411A (en) * 1996-03-20 1998-02-24 Advanced Structures, Inc. Pressure vessels and end closures therefor

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