WO2008138903A1 - System for producing cement clinkers from raw meal using a reactor for the gasification and/or carbonization of solid fuels, substitute fuels and/or secondary fuels and method for gasifying or carbonizing the fuels - Google Patents

Abstract

The system for producing cement clinkers from raw meal comprises a reactor (20) for gasifying or carbonizing solid fuels, substitute fuels and/or secondary fuels for use of the fuel energy thereof for raw meal decarbonization in a calciner (12) and partially already in the reactor (20), wherein the reactor (20) is supplied with circulating hot air from the clinker cooler (16) via a tertiary air line (18). The reactor (20) overall has the outer shape of an oblique tube piece, cube or cuboid and is provided on the inside with a plurality of steps (22).

Description

 description

Plant for the production of cement clinker from raw meal with a reactor for

Gasification and / or carbonization of solid fuels, refuse derived fuels or secondary fuels and methods for gasifying or smoldering the

fuels

Technical area

The invention relates to a plant for the production of cement clinker from raw meal with a raw meal preheater, with a calciner for decarbonating the raw meal, with a rotary kiln for sintering the decarburized raw cement to cement clinker, with a clinker cooler for cement clinker and a reactor or a Combustion chamber for the gasification and / or combustion of solid, inert fuels, substitute fuels and / or secondary fuels for the purpose of using their fuel energy for the raw meal decarbonization in the calciner, which is supplied via a tertiary air piping of the reactor with cooler hot air from the clinker cooler. The invention further relates to a method for gasifying or smoldering the fuels.

State of the art

From EP-A-O 764 614 is a plant for the production of

Cement clinker known, in addition to the calcining a separate shaft carburetor gasification of lumpy waste, especially old tires is provided. In this case, the shaft carburetor is charged at the top with the used tires and with a part of coming from the clinker cooler tertiary air as a gasification agent. The gas produced in the shaft gasifier product gas is passed as fuel gas in the calciner, and the residues of gasified in the shaft carburetor scrap tires are transported by a mechanical repulsion device in the rotary kiln inlet shaft. The safety technology and the periphery are relatively expensive in this manhole carburetor.

From DE 31 31 143 is a Verschwelungs- and

Gasification device with a set at an angle of approximately 45 ° grate surface known, the grate surface is continuous.

From DE 40 02 553 it is known used tires in the rotary kiln To burn cement clinker production line with excess oxygen and implement the oxygen content then existing in an additional combustion stage with additional fuel.

From DE-A-102 02 776 a rotary drum reactor for burning coarse secondary fuels is known, in addition to the secondary fuels a well ignitable fuel, tertiary air and raw meal are supplied in the region of the entry port. The discharge opening communicates via a line for discharging the solid residues with the tertiary air duct and / or rotary kiln exhaust duct of the calciner and / or with the rotary kiln inlet chamber. Although the decomposition of the secondary fuels in a rotary drum reactor can be carried out much more controlled, but you have to take a relatively high expenditure on equipment in purchasing. In addition, the raw meal transport to the unit is extremely expensive.

From WO-A-01/09548 is also a decomposition chamber for

Waste materials known in which the waste materials are transported on a turntable to the discharge. Due to the room layout in the heat exchanger tower of the existing slot is limited, whereby the throughput is limited.

From DE 10 2004 009 689 A 1 is a decomposition reactor for

Production of fuel gases from solid fuels is known, which has an entry port for discharging the solid fuel and a discharge opening for discharging any residues and which is also connected via a line to the calcining zone and / or the sintering zone for supplying the fuel gas produced. In the decomposition reactor, a conveying device is arranged, which moves the fuel in translation from the entry opening to the discharge opening. The conveying device can be a number of movable plate segments, a scraper chain conveyor, a so-called "walking floor", a shuttle carriage or a revolving plate belt Ambient pressure in the region of the inlet or outlet slit of the conveyor device takes place through a correspondingly high applied raw meal layer.

Presentation of the invention

[0008]

Technical task

The invention has the object of burning coarse fuels, substitute fuels and secondary fuels of different types and unit size for the production of cement clinker safe and effectively use the heat energy released for the decarburization of the raw clay in the calciner and partly already in the reactor ,

Technical solution

According to the invention this object is achieved in that at a

Plant for the production of cement clinker of the type described above, the reactor has a total of the outer shape of a slanted piece of pipe, Kubusses or cuboid and is equipped inside with several stages.

Preferably, the reactor has the overall outer shape of a lying at an angle between 30 ° and 70 ° to the horizontal pipe section, Kubusses or cuboid.

The steps inside the reactor are preferably horizontally or obliquely arranged steps with free spaces, so that they form a staircase-like device.

In the context of the method according to the invention, this object is achieved in that the fuels are fed to the reactor above the top level and through the passing between the stages through tertiary air and above the staircase-like device along flowing combustion gas or carbonization or mechanical Activation of stages are promoted from stage to stage.

Advantageous effects

The reactor suitably has one or more tertiary air connections, one or more feed points for fuels and raw meal, one or more a plurality of common connecting pipes for combustion gases, carbonization, raw meal and ash to Kalzinator and one or more connecting chutes to the kiln inlet chamber, the connecting link between calciner and rotary kiln. By means of the connection chutes residual materials and non-reactive secondary fuels accumulating in the reactor can be fed directly into the sintering process and thus be safely utilized within the plant.

The radiator hot air can be supplied as tertiary air depending on the design of the reactor completely to the reactor or divided between the reactor and the calciner.

The fuels with or without raw meal are abandoned above the top step of the reactor and are through the flowing between the stages tertiary air and above the staircase-like device along flowing combustion gas or carbonization and / or by mechanical activation of the stages of stage promoted to stage, eg by tilting or vibration.

By the combustion / carbonization of the fuel are the

Fuel particles from stage to stage easier and can be finally pneumatically conveyed off. This combustion / smoldering process is preferably adjusted to the inclination of the steps. The non-ash residues of the combustion / carbonization of the fuels, which are not discharged pneumatically, pass through one or more chutes directly into the kiln inlet chamber and thus directly into the sintering process or are sustained as residuals.

Embodiments of the invention will be explained below with reference to the drawing.

Brief description of the drawings

Figures 1 to 4 show embodiments of the invention with different embodiments of the reactor and the leadership of the tertiary air.

Way (s) for carrying out the invention

Fig. 1 shows schematically a plant for the production of cement clinker from raw meal. The plant has a raw meal preheater 10, a Calciner 12 for decarbonating the raw meal, a rotary kiln 14 for sintering the decarburized raw meal into cement clinker, and a clinker cooler 16 for cement clinker. Via a tertiary air line 18, the exhaust air of the clinker cooler 16 is supplied to the calciner 12 as tertiary air. These components of the system are each of conventional design and are therefore not described in detail.

The system further comprises a reactor 20 which is used for the gasification, charring and / or combustion of solid fuels, substitute fuels or secondary fuels whose energy content is to be used for the raw meal decarbonization. The reactor 20 is thermally insulated and has the outer shape of a slanted piece of pipe, cube or cuboid. Inside, the reactor 20 is equipped with a plurality of stages 22. The steps 22 are arranged horizontally and vertically staggered as in a staircase. The steps 22 are horizontally aligned and each pivotable about its longitudinal axis. The inclination of the steps 22 is independently adjustable, and the space between the steps 22 is free. The steps 22 are activatable, e.g. by vibration or folding, so that material lying on them is not transported by the tertiary air flow to the level below it.

Fuels and raw meal are the reactor 20 at a

Fuel task 24 and a raw meal task 26 abandoned from above. The tertiary air line 18 forks into a branch 28 and a tertiary air bypass pipe 30. About the branch 28, the reactor 20 is also supplied from above combustion air. In the branch 28 and in the Tertiärluft bypass pipe 30 after the branch 28 is in each case a throttle body 32. Through this, the proportion of guided over the branch 28 tertiary air can be controlled. A portion of the tertiary air can not be passed via the tertiary air bypass pipe 30 via the reactor 20, but are fed directly to the calciner 12. This can be below or above or next to the reactor 20.

The above the top stage 22 via the fuel task 24 the reactor 20 discontinued fuels are characterized by the top of the At the bottom of the steps 22, the tertiary air flowing against and flowing between the steps 22 is gasified, carbonized or burnt. The evolved combustion or carbonization gases escape to the calciner 12, and the fuel-by-stage residues of the fuels are conveyed down the combustion gas or carbonization stream flowing through the stages 22, and optionally additionally, by mechanical activation of the stages from stage to stage , At the same time, the raw meal task 26, which is also located at the top of the reactor 20 next to the fuel task 24, additionally gives raw meal, which is then gasified and carbonized together with the fuel. The combustion gas and carbonization gas and fuel ash and raw meal are passed from the reactor 20 to the calciner 12 via a pipeline connection 34. The raw meal can also be fed to the reactor 22 together with the fuel.

By the combustion / carbonization of the fuel and possibly the raw meal, the fuel particles from stage to stage are lighter and can ultimately be pneumatically conveyed away. This combustion / smoldering process is adapted to the variable slope of the steps 22. The residues of the combustion / carbonization of the fuels, which have not become ash, which are not discharged pneumatically, pass through a chute 36 directly into the kiln inlet chamber 38 and thus directly into the sintering process.

Fig. 2 shows an embodiment similar to that of Fig. 1, wherein at the junction of the branch 28 of the tertiary air duct 18 in the upper end of the reactor 20, two throttle bodies 40, 42 are located. The uppermost step 22 is extended and the one throttling device 40 is disposed below the uppermost step 22 so as to control the proportion of tertiary air directed to the lower surface of the steps 22 while the other throttling device 42 is located above the uppermost step 22. so that it controls the proportion of tertiary air flowing on the top of the stages 22. Thereby, the ratio of oxygen to fuel gas in the combustion gas or Schwelgasstrom can be controlled, which flows from the reactor 20 into the calciner 12. Fig. 3 shows an embodiment similar to that of Figures 1 and 2, except that the exhaust stream of the reactor 20 is not separated as in the embodiments of Figures 1 and 2, but together with the proportion of tertiary air entering the tertiary air bypass pipe 30 flows, is passed into the calciner 12. In addition, the branch 28 is divided into an upper and a lower branch 44, 46, the upper branch 44 opens into the upper end of the reactor 20, while the lower branch 46 opens approximately halfway into the reactor 20. In the tertiary air bypass pipe 30 is a throttle body 32. In the lower branch 46 of the branch 28 is also a throttle body 32. By dividing the branch 28 into an upper and a lower branch 44, 46, the combustion and carbonization in the reactor 20 finer be controlled. Through the throttle member 32 in the tertiary air bypass pipe 30, the total of the tertiary air passed through the reactor 20 is controlled.

Fig. 4 shows an embodiment in which the entire

Tertiärluftmenge flows through the reactor 20. The throttle member 32 is located in the tertiary air line 18 before the reactor 20th

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

[0028]

Claims

claims 1. A plant for producing cement clinker from raw meal with a raw meal preheater (10), with a calciner (12) for decarbonizing the raw meal, with a rotary kiln (14) for sintering the decarburized raw cement to cement clinker, with a clinker cooler (16 ) for cement clinker and with a reactor (20) for the gasification and / or carbonization of solid fuels, refuse derived fuels and / or secondary fuels for the purpose of using their fuel energy for the raw meal decarbonization in the calciner (12) and partly already in the reactor (20), wherein a tertiary air line (18) of the reactor (20) is supplied with cooler hot air from the clinker cooler (16), characterized in that the reactor (20) has the overall outer shape of a slanted pipe section, cube or cuboid and inside with several stages (22) equipped. 2. The plant of claim 1, wherein a portion of the radiator hot air from the clinker cooler (16) as tertiary air to the calciner (12) is fed directly. 3. Installation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inclination of the steps (22) in the interior of the reactor (20) is adjustable and the space between the steps (22) is free. 4. Installation according to claim 3, wherein the inclination of the steps (22) is independently adjustable. 5. 5. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the steps (22) are activated. A plant according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the reactor (20) has one or more tertiary air connections. 7. 7. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the tertiary air flows or are regulated. The plant of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the reactor (20) has one or more tertiary air bypass pipelines (30). 9. 9. Plant according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the reactor (20) has one or more fuel and / or raw meal feed points (24, 26). A plant according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the reactor (20) has one or more pipe connections (34) to the calciner (12) for combustion gas, carbonization gas, fuel ash and raw meal. A plant according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the rotary kiln (14) has an inlet chamber (38) and the reactor (20) has one or more chute connections (36) to the kiln inlet chamber (38) for residuals and inert fuels. 12. 12. A method for gasifying plant for producing cement clinker from raw meal with a raw meal preheater (10), with a calciner (12) for decarbonizing the raw meal, with a rotary kiln (14) for sintering the decarburized raw cement to cement clinker, with a Clinker cooler (16) for cement clinker and having a reactor (20) for gasification and / or carbonization of solid fuels, refuse derived fuels and / or secondary fuels for use of their fuel energy for the raw meal decarburization in the calciner (12) and partly already in the reactor (20) , wherein via a Tertiärluftleitung (18) of the reactor (20) with hot air from the clinker cooler (16) is supplied, characterized in that the reactor (20) has the overall outer shape of a slanted piece of pipe, cube or cuboid and inside with several stages (22) is equipped, and that the fuels are fed to the reactor (20) above the uppermost stage (22) and by the zwis Chen the stages (22) passing through tertiary air and the above the staircase-like device along flowing combustion gas or Schwelgasstrom or by mechanical activation of the stages (22) are promoted from stage to stage. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein activating the steps (22) includes giving the steps (22) tilting or vibration. 14. The method of claim 12 or 13, wherein the fuel is fed together with raw meal above the top step (22). 15. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein the lighter by the combustion / carbonization from stage to stage fuel particles are finally discharged pneumatically and wherein the inclination of the stages is adapted to the combustion / Schwelungsprozess.