[go: up one dir, main page]

WO2008138562A1 - Vehicle drive - Google Patents

Vehicle drive Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2008138562A1
WO2008138562A1 PCT/EP2008/003763 EP2008003763W WO2008138562A1 WO 2008138562 A1 WO2008138562 A1 WO 2008138562A1 EP 2008003763 W EP2008003763 W EP 2008003763W WO 2008138562 A1 WO2008138562 A1 WO 2008138562A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
drive
internal combustion
combustion engine
vehicle
power
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2008/003763
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jürgen Berger
Stephan Bartosch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voith Patent GmbH
Original Assignee
Voith Patent GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voith Patent GmbH filed Critical Voith Patent GmbH
Publication of WO2008138562A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008138562A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/46—Series type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
    • B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/40—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
    • B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
    • B60L7/14—Dynamic electric regenerative braking for vehicles propelled by AC motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/24—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means
    • B60W10/26—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
    • B60W20/15—Control strategies specially adapted for achieving a particular effect
    • B60W20/19—Control strategies specially adapted for achieving a particular effect for achieving enhanced acceleration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K15/00—Adaptations of plants for special use
    • F01K15/02—Adaptations of plants for special use for driving vehicles, e.g. locomotives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/065—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle the combustion taking place in an internal combustion piston engine, e.g. a diesel engine
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/02—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units comprising more than one electric motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
    • B60L2220/40—Electrical machine applications
    • B60L2220/44—Wheel Hub motors, i.e. integrated in the wheel hub
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
    • B60L2240/12—Speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/44—Drive Train control parameters related to combustion engines
    • B60L2240/441—Speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0833—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths
    • F16H37/084—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths at least one power path being a continuously variable transmission, i.e. CVT
    • F16H2037/0866—Power-split transmissions with distributing differentials, with the output of the CVT connected or connectable to the output shaft
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vehicle drive and in particular to the drive for a vehicle with an internal combustion engine.
  • Hybrid drives which use an internal combustion engine to initially generate electrical energy via an electric generator, which is stored in an energy storage, which may be constructed for example of accumulators or an arrangement of double-layer capacitors, are therefore advantageous in terms of fuel consumption, as the Internal combustion engine is constantly operated in the most favorable efficiency range.
  • the electric drive machine can be operated as a generator due to the power flow reversal, that is, there is the possibility of a Energy recuperation, preferably again the energy storage is used to absorb the energy generated during braking.
  • Next constructive advantages of the hybrid drive are that can be dispensed with a separate starter for the internal combustion engine, this function is used when starting the vehicle of the electric used for traction
  • the transmission or parts of the transmission can be dispensed with if the electric drives of the vehicle are designed in the form of wheel hub motors.
  • an alternative design of a hybrid drive is to arrange the internal combustion engine and the electric drive machine in parallel , This is understood to mean that both the internal combustion engine and the electric drive engine introduce mechanical energy into the drive train. Depending on the operating situation, the internal combustion engine and the electric drive machine can work together here. This will typically be the case with a high moment request, especially during acceleration.
  • each of the drive machines can be used according to their system characteristics. Accordingly, the electric drive machine, which emits a high torque even at low speeds, used for starting. For high speeds, in turn, the internal combustion engine of the electric drive machine is superior, so that advantageously in the range of high speeds, the internal combustion engine is used exclusively for driving.
  • the parallel hybrid drive allows the complete shutdown of the internal combustion engine, for example, in towing or a fully charged energy storage.
  • the internal combustion engine are operated as energy efficient as possible. In this case, a cylinder shutdown or a valve operation after the Adkinson cycle into consideration.
  • German utility model DE 201 17 410 111 describes an electromechanical transmission unit for a hybrid vehicle, in which the electrical transmission branch is arranged parallel to the mechanical transmission branch.
  • hybrid vehicles comprising a combination of an internal combustion engine and an electric drive engine lead to a significant reduction in fuel consumption in strongly cyclical load profiles, on the order of about 30-40% compared to vehicles whose drive takes place exclusively via an internal combustion engine.
  • a further saving of fossil fuels with consistent driving performance is required with regard to the conservation of resources and the achievement of future pollutant emission limits.
  • thermodynamical A method for using the waste heat energy of an internal combustion engine, wherein by means of a thermodynamical
  • the object of the invention is to further develop a drive for a vehicle, comprising an internal combustion engine, such that the fossil energy carriers used to operate the internal combustion engine exploited as efficiently as possible and results in a vehicle, which is characterized by low fuel consumption and low pollutant emissions.
  • the drive should also be characterized by a small space requirement and a robust and reliable structure.
  • the exhaust gas flow of the internal combustion engine from the drive unit is used to operate a steam cycle process, which generates electrical energy via an electric generator, which is driven by an expander in the Dampf Vietnamese mixesvoriques, and via an electric drive machine, the internal combustion engine in the drive unit to a hybrid drive added, is introduced into the traction for vehicle propulsion.
  • the otherwise unused waste heat from the internal combustion engine at least partially recovered and in addition the known hybrid drive, which already leads to a fuel reduction are used in the simplest possible way, that is with the already existing vehicle components, the in the steam cycle process device, generate energy to reuse.
  • the energy source additionally used by this measure for the vehicle propulsion also makes it possible to simplify the energy management for a hybrid vehicle, that is, starting from the system inherent inertia of the steam cycle process, which enables an energy buffering, the energy storage associated with the electric drive machine can be designed correspondingly smaller , This leads to a reduction of the total weight of the drive unit, or to a compensation of the additional weight due to the Dampf Vietnamese wastewater used in the invention.
  • a power-split hybrid drive is provided, specifically such a hybrid drive, in which the electric drive machine is integrated in a power branch of a power-split electromechanical transmission.
  • the electric drive machine is integrated in a power branch of a power-split electromechanical transmission.
  • Power split to at least one mechanical and at least one electrical branch and the merger of the power branches via a summing allows a control technically simple combination of an internal combustion engine with an electric drive machine, because due to the transmission characteristics for the low speed range, a higher emphasis on the electrical power branch, while high speeds, the power is transmitted substantially mechanically, that is, a transfer case driving the internal combustion engine will take over the main traction load.
  • a transmission can be designed according to the differential converter principle in a coaxial design, so that the small-sized transmission leaves sufficient space for receiving the additionally provided in accordance with the invention Dampf Vietnamese wastewater.
  • the coaxial design can for example be achieved by means of the electric drive machine, a hollow shaft is driven, which encloses a mechanically driven by the internal combustion engine shaft, in particular solid shaft in the circumferential direction and is arranged coaxially thereto.
  • a second hollow shaft is further provided, which also coaxially surrounds the shaft driven by the internal combustion engine and via which an electric generator is driven by means of the internal combustion engine. In detail, this will be discussed with reference to the figure 2.
  • FIG. 1 shows, in a schematically simplified representation, the connection of a steam cycle device, which is operated by exhaust gas heat, with a hybrid drive, comprising an internal combustion engine and an electric drive machine.
  • Figure 2 shows the connection of a Dampf Vietnamese mixesvortechnische with a differential converter transmission, which is driven by an internal combustion engine and which comprises an electrical power branch with an electric drive machine.
  • FIG. 1 shows a simplified schematic representation of a vehicle drive according to the invention, which consists of a hybrid drive, that is, a combination of an internal combustion engine 1 and an electric drive machine 3, and a steam cycle device 7, which is operated by the exhaust stream of the internal combustion engine.
  • a hybrid drive that is, a combination of an internal combustion engine 1 and an electric drive machine 3, and a steam cycle device 7, which is operated by the exhaust stream of the internal combustion engine.
  • the vehicle drive according to the invention makes it possible to convert a portion of the waste heat in the exhaust gas stream into electrical energy, which in turn via the electrical components in the hybrid drive in propulsion energy for the vehicle can be implemented.
  • the known hybrid drive is shown in a serial arrangement in FIG.
  • an electric generator 2 is driven via an internal combustion engine 1 in order to supply electrical energy to an energy store 5 via a first frequency converter 6.1.
  • the internal combustion engine is preferably operated in the region of the best point, that is to say in the region of the highest efficiency, and short power fluctuations over the energy store 5 are compensated for.
  • energy is extracted from the energy store 5 for the traction operation via the second frequency converter 6.2 for propulsion and supplied to an electric drive unit 3.
  • This is designed according to an advantageous embodiment as a hub motor, which is associated with a set of drive wheels 4.
  • serial arrangement shown in Figure 1 for the hybrid drive is characterized by the fact that can be dispensed with essentially mechanical gear or these are assigned to the wheel hub motors Mé constitutiond.
  • a transverse flux machine is used as the electric drive machine.
  • the vehicle drive comprises a
  • Steam cycle process device 7 with a heat exchanger 9 having evaporator 8 for a resource.
  • the exhaust gas flow from the internal combustion engine 1 is supplied to the heat exchanger 9, whereby the working fluid is heated and evaporated at a first temperature.
  • the heat exchanger 9 upstream of the purification of the exhaust gas flow associated with a particulate filter 17 and / or a catalyst.
  • an expander 10 is provided in which the vaporous working medium performs mechanical work and cools.
  • a condenser 12 is used for liquefying the working fluid, wherein the condenser is advantageously cooled via the cooling circuit 13 of the vehicle.
  • a working fluid tank 14 and a pump 15 the liquid working fluid for re-evaporation of the evaporator 8 is supplied.
  • the steam cycle in the steam cycle device 7 is performed with components designed according to the input of power from the exhaust gas flow of the internal combustion engine 1.
  • an expander 10 an expansion machine is preferred, which converts a piston stroke via a swash plate into a rotational movement according to the piston expansion design.
  • a crankshaft motor can be used as expander 10, and a steam turbine for particularly high outputs. Even rotary engines or vane motors may be advantageous for some applications.
  • the mechanical energy generated via the expander 10 is converted by means of a second generator 11, which is associated with the steam cycle device 7, into electrical energy, which in turn is preferably fed via a frequency converter in the energy storage 5 of the hybrid drive.
  • This conversion of the mechanical power generated via the steam cycle process into an electrical one makes it possible to use the electrical components in the hybrid drive for energy introduction.
  • different embodiments are conceivable, for example, an exclusively the steam cycle processing device 7 associated energy storage, which is adjusted according to its design characteristics and which in turn via frequency converter with a further energy storage of the hybrid drive or a DC voltage intermediate circuit associated therewith.
  • a direct feed into a central energy storage of the vehicle drive according to the invention is conceivable.
  • the second generator 11, which is associated with the steam cycle device 7, is dispensed with, and instead the expander 10 of the steam cycle device 7 is mechanically coupled to the electric generator 2 of the hybrid drive, that is, in addition to the introduction of force by the internal combustion engine 1 drives the expander 10 to the electric generator 2 of the hybrid drive.
  • One possible embodiment is the use of a summation gear in the form of a planetary gear set, or the direct drive in coupling with the internal combustion engine or switched alternately via clutches.
  • a separate heat source 16 is provided in the steam cycle device 7. This is particularly advantageous designed as a burner in which the fuel of the internal combustion engine 1 is used to generate a hot gas stream.
  • the separate heat source 16 is used to efficiently control the steam cycle process and to provide an emergency system. Accordingly, although the
  • Energy storage 5 are empty and a start of the vehicle is to be completed. If the hybrid drive is designed so that dispensing with a separate starter with a battery and instead the electric drive machine 3 is used for starting the internal combustion engine when the vehicle is started, then in an emergency by igniting the burner and thus activating the separate heat source 16 in the steam cycle device 7 energy to Charging the energy storage and thus to the operation of the electric machine 3 are generated.
  • FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment of the connection according to the invention of a steam cycle device 7 operated with the exhaust gas stream of FIG
  • Internal combustion engine 1 and a hybrid drive shown This is realized by a parallel arrangement of the electric drive machine 3 and the internal combustion engine 1, wherein the electric drive machine 3 is part of an electrical transmission branch in a power-split transmission operating on the differential converter principle.
  • This comprises a first mechanical power branch 23 and a second electrical power branch 24.
  • the combination shown is characterized both by a compact size and by a high variability of the hybrid drive, in which either the internal combustion engine 1 or the electric drive machine 3 respectively for driving the
  • Transmission output shaft A or in combination can be used.
  • connection of the internal combustion engine 1 to the steam cycle device is again shown schematically in simplified form in FIG 7, wherein the supply line of the exhaust gas flow from the internal combustion engine 1 for feeding the steam cycle process is outlined.
  • the electrical energy obtained by the steam cycle is fed into the energy storage 5 of the hybrid drive.
  • This is connected via a frequency converter 6.2 with the electric drive machine 3 in combination.
  • This is located as described above in a first electrical power branch 24 of a differential converter transmission.
  • an electric generator 2 is present, which in turn is coupled to the electric drive machine via the frequency converters 6.1, 6.2 and supplies them with electrical energy during traction operation.
  • the power flow is reversed and the electric drive machine 3 is operated as a generator, that is, there is an electrical power flow via the frequency converter 6.2 to the energy storage 5.
  • the braking function can thus be carried out a recuperation of the kinetic energy of the vehicle.
  • the differential converter 29 is driven by the internal combustion engine 1. This is at least indirectly connected to the transmission input shaft E. Specifically, intermediate components for this coupling, such as clutches and / or damping elements, not shown. Via the transmission input shaft E, a transfer case 18 is driven, which can be designed according to the representation shown in Figure 2 as a planetary gear set. As input, a ring gear 19 is used, which meshes with the gears of the planet carrier 20, the one
  • a further planetary gear is used as summing 26, the sun gear of the summation 27 drives the web or the planet carrier of the summation 28, which represents the output of the summing and having a connection to the transmission output shaft A.
  • the ring gear of the planetary gear set of the summation 26 is fixed.
  • the differential converter gear 29 is formed coaxially and in a particularly preferred, space-saving design, the transfer case 18 and the summing 26 are arranged adjacent to each other and form a structural unit, wherein the electrical transmission branch with the electric generator 2 and the electric drive machine 3 of this
  • Drive machine 3 can drive regeneratively, is enclosed coaxially.
  • the two hollow shafts 22 and 25 are arranged in particular in alignment with each other.
  • the differential converter 29 has means for fixing individual transmission components.
  • the clutch 30 is shown in Figure 2, which allows to set the transfer case 18, in the event that a solo drive purely on the electric drive machine 3, powered by the energy storage 5, should be made.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a vehicle drive comprising a hybrid drive having an internal combustion engine (1) and at least one driving motor (3); a steam circuit process device (7) in which a working medium is evaporated in an evaporator (8) by the exhaust gas flow from the internal combustion engine (1) and does mechanical work in an expander (10), the expander of the steam circuit process device driving an electrical generator (11), the electrical energy thereby generated being at least indirectly supplied to the driving motor in the hybrid drive.

Description

Fahrzeugantrieb vehicle drive

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Fahrzeugantrieb und insbesondere den Antrieb für ein Fahrzeug mit einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine.The invention relates to a vehicle drive and in particular to the drive for a vehicle with an internal combustion engine.

Verbrennungskraftmaschinen wie Otto- oder Dieselmotoren stellen die Antriebe der meisten Fahrzeuge dar. Diese zeichnen sich insbesondere durch die leichte Speicherbarkeit und die hohe Energiedichte der zum Antrieb verwendeten fossilen Energieträger aus. Darüber hinaus stellen sie insbesondere bei hohen Drehzahlen und damit hohen Fahrgeschwindigkeiten eine hohe Leistung zur Verfügung. Zur Verringerung des Kraftstoffverbrauchs und zur Reduktion von Schadstoffemissionen werden jedoch in zunehmendem Maße Antriebe mit Verbrennungskraftmaschinen dahingehend weiterentwickelt, dass zusätzlich eine elektrische Antriebsmaschine integriert wird. Solche Antriebskonzepte werden als Hybridfahrzeuge bezeichnet, wobei sich im einfachsten Fall der Einsatz der elektrischen Antriebe auf die Start-Stopp-Funktion beschränkt. Ferner ist es denkbar, den elektrischen Antrieb nur zur Unterstützung der Verbrennungskraftmaschine für bestimmte Fahrsituationen einzusetzen. Ein Hybridantrieb kann jedoch zu einer solchen Antriebseinheit weiterentwickelt werden, bei der je nach Fahrsituation entweder nur dieInternal combustion engines such as gasoline or diesel engines represent the drives of most vehicles. These are characterized in particular by the ease of storage and the high energy density of fossil fuels used for propulsion. In addition, they provide a high performance, especially at high speeds and thus high speeds. However, in order to reduce fuel consumption and to reduce pollutant emissions, drives with internal combustion engines are being further developed in such a way that an electric drive machine is additionally integrated. Such drive concepts are referred to as hybrid vehicles, with the use of the electric drives limited to the start-stop function in the simplest case. Furthermore, it is conceivable to use the electric drive only to support the internal combustion engine for certain driving situations. However, a hybrid drive can be further developed into such a drive unit, depending on the driving situation either only the

Verbrennungskraftmaschine oder die elektrische Antriebsmaschine oder eine Kombination beider Antriebe zum Vortrieb verwendet wird.Internal combustion engine or the electric drive machine or a combination of both drives is used for propulsion.

Hybridantriebe, welche eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine dazu verwenden, um über einen elektrischen Generator zunächst elektrische Energie zu erzeugen, welche in einem Energiespeicher zwischengespeichert wird, der beispielsweise aus Akkumulatoren oder einer Anordnung von Doppelschichtkondensatoren aufgebaut sein kann, sind deshalb im Hinblick auf den Kraftstoffverbrauch vorteilhaft, da die Verbrennungskraftmaschine ständig im günstigsten Wirkungsgradbereich betrieben wird. Zusätzlich kann beim Bremsen, das heißt im Schleppbetrieb, die elektrische Antriebsmaschine aufgrund der Kraftflussumkehr generatorisch betrieben werden, das heißt es besteht die Möglichkeit einer Energierekuperation, wobei bevorzugt wieder der Energiespeicher zur Aufnahme der während des Bremsens erzeugten Energie dient. Weiter konstruktive Vorteile des Hybridantriebs bestehen darin, dass auf einen separaten Anlasser für die Verbrennungskraftmaschine verzichtet werden kann, diese Funktion wird beim Starten des Fahrzeugs von der für die Traktion verwendeten elektrischenHybrid drives, which use an internal combustion engine to initially generate electrical energy via an electric generator, which is stored in an energy storage, which may be constructed for example of accumulators or an arrangement of double-layer capacitors, are therefore advantageous in terms of fuel consumption, as the Internal combustion engine is constantly operated in the most favorable efficiency range. In addition, during braking, that is, in towing mode, the electric drive machine can be operated as a generator due to the power flow reversal, that is, there is the possibility of a Energy recuperation, preferably again the energy storage is used to absorb the energy generated during braking. Next constructive advantages of the hybrid drive are that can be dispensed with a separate starter for the internal combustion engine, this function is used when starting the vehicle of the electric used for traction

Antriebsmaschine mit übernommen. Darüber hinaus kann auf das Getriebe oder Teile des Getriebes verzichtet werden, wenn die elektrischen Antriebe des Fahrzeugs in der Form von Radnabenmotoren ausgebildet sind.Drive machine with taken over. In addition, the transmission or parts of the transmission can be dispensed with if the electric drives of the vehicle are designed in the form of wheel hub motors.

Neben der voranstehend beschriebenen seriellen Hybridkonfiguration, bei der die Verbrennungskraftmaschine im Fahrzeug lediglich mittelbar, das heißt über eine Konvertierung der mechanischen in elektrische Energie, zum Vortrieb des Fahrzeugs verwendet wird, besteht eine alternative Gestaltung eines Hybridantriebs darin, die Verbrennungskraftmaschine und die elektrische Antriebsmaschine parallel anzuordnen. Hierunter wird verstanden, dass sowohl die Verbrennungskraftmaschine wie auch die elektrische Antriebsmaschine mechanische Energie in den Antriebsstrang einleiten. Je nach Betriebssituation können hierbei die Verbrennungskraftmaschine und die elektrische Antriebsmaschine gemeinsam arbeiten. Dies wird typischerweise bei einer hohen Momentanforderung, insbesondere beim Beschleunigen, der Fall sein.In addition to the above-described serial hybrid configuration, in which the internal combustion engine in the vehicle only indirectly, that is, via a conversion of mechanical into electrical energy used to propel the vehicle, an alternative design of a hybrid drive is to arrange the internal combustion engine and the electric drive machine in parallel , This is understood to mean that both the internal combustion engine and the electric drive engine introduce mechanical energy into the drive train. Depending on the operating situation, the internal combustion engine and the electric drive machine can work together here. This will typically be the case with a high moment request, especially during acceleration.

Darüber hinaus kann jede der Antriebsmaschinen gemäß ihrer Systemcharakteristik verwendet werden. Demnach wird die elektrische Antriebsmaschine, welche bereits bei geringen Drehzahlen ein hohes Drehmoment abgibt, für das Anfahren verwendet. Für hohe Drehzahlen ist wiederum die Verbrennungskraftmaschine der elektrischen Antriebsmaschine überlegen, so dass vorteilhafterweise im Bereich hoher Fahrtgeschwindigkeiten die Verbrennungskraftmaschine ausschließlich zum Antrieb verwendet wird. Der parallele Hybridantrieb erlaubt die vollständige Abschaltung der Verbrennungskraftmaschine, beispielsweise im Schleppbetrieb oder bei einem vollständig geladenen Energiespeicher. Zusätzlich kann insbesondere für den langsamen Fahrbereich, bei dem der elektrische Antrieb die Hauptantriebslast trägt, die Verbrennungskraftmaschine möglichst energieeffizient betrieben werden. Hierbei kommt eine Zylinderabschaltung oder ein Ventilbetrieb nach dem Adkinson-Zyklus in Betracht.In addition, each of the drive machines can be used according to their system characteristics. Accordingly, the electric drive machine, which emits a high torque even at low speeds, used for starting. For high speeds, in turn, the internal combustion engine of the electric drive machine is superior, so that advantageously in the range of high speeds, the internal combustion engine is used exclusively for driving. The parallel hybrid drive allows the complete shutdown of the internal combustion engine, for example, in towing or a fully charged energy storage. In addition, especially for the slow driving range, in which the electric drive, the main drive load contributes, the internal combustion engine are operated as energy efficient as possible. In this case, a cylinder shutdown or a valve operation after the Adkinson cycle into consideration.

Das deutsche Gebrauchsmuster DE 201 17 410 111 beschreibt eine elektro- mechanische Getriebebaueinheit für ein Hybridfahrzeug, bei welcher der elektrische Getriebezweig parallel zum mechanischen Getriebezweig angeordnet ist.The German utility model DE 201 17 410 111 describes an electromechanical transmission unit for a hybrid vehicle, in which the electrical transmission branch is arranged parallel to the mechanical transmission branch.

Hybridfahrzeuge umfassend eine Kombination einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine und einer elektrischen Antriebsmaschine führen zwar bei stark zyklischen Lastprofilen zu einer deutlichen Reduktion des Kraftstoffverbrauchs, in einer Größenordnung von etwa 30-40 % im Vergleich zu Fahrzeugen, deren Antrieb ausschließlich über eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine erfolgt. Eine weitergehende Einsparung fossiler Energieträger bei gleich bleibender Fahrleistung wird jedoch im Hinblick auf die Ressourcenschonung und zum Erreichen zukünftiger Schadstoffemissionsgrenzwerte gefordert.Although hybrid vehicles comprising a combination of an internal combustion engine and an electric drive engine lead to a significant reduction in fuel consumption in strongly cyclical load profiles, on the order of about 30-40% compared to vehicles whose drive takes place exclusively via an internal combustion engine. However, a further saving of fossil fuels with consistent driving performance is required with regard to the conservation of resources and the achievement of future pollutant emission limits.

Ein Hybridfahrzeug, bei welchem ein elektrischer Generator mittels einer Dampfturbine angetrieben wird, wird in der Patentschrift DE 41 28 297 C1 beschrieben. Der dort vorgeschlagene Aufbau ist jedoch komplex, damit anfällig für Störungen und vergleichsweise aufwändig.A hybrid vehicle in which an electric generator is driven by means of a steam turbine is described in the patent DE 41 28 297 C1. However, the structure proposed there is complex, so prone to interference and comparatively expensive.

Ein Verfahren zur Nutzung der Abwärmeenergie einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine, bei welchem mittels einer thermodynamischenA method for using the waste heat energy of an internal combustion engine, wherein by means of a thermodynamic

Expansionsmaschine ein Generator zur Stromerzeugung angetrieben wird, wird in der europäischen Patentanmeldung EP 0 045 843 A2 beschrieben. Auch der dort beschriebene Aufbau ist komplex und aufwändig in seiner Ansteuerung.Expansionsmaschine a generator for power generation is driven, is described in the European patent application EP 0 045 843 A2. The structure described there is complex and complex in its control.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Antrieb für ein Fahrzeug, umfassend eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine, so weiterzuentwickeln, dass die zum Betrieb der Verbrennungskraftmaschine verwendeten fossilen Energieträger möglichst effizient ausgenutzt werden und ein Fahrzeug resultiert, welches sich durch einen niedrigen Kraftstoffverbrauch und geringe Schadstoffemissionen auszeichnet. Der Antrieb soll sich ferner durch einen geringen notwendigen Bauraum und einen robusten und verlässlichen Aufbau auszeichnen.The object of the invention is to further develop a drive for a vehicle, comprising an internal combustion engine, such that the fossil energy carriers used to operate the internal combustion engine exploited as efficiently as possible and results in a vehicle, which is characterized by low fuel consumption and low pollutant emissions. The drive should also be characterized by a small space requirement and a robust and reliable structure.

Die erfindungsgemäße Aufgabe wird durch einen Fahrzeugantrieb mit dem Merkmalen des Anspruches 1 gelöst. In den abhängigen Ansprüchen sind vorteilhafte und besonders zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung angegeben.The object of the invention is achieved by a vehicle drive with the features of claim 1. In the dependent claims advantageous and particularly expedient embodiments of the invention are given.

Erfindungsgemäß wird der Abgasstrom der Verbrennungskraftmaschine aus der Antriebseinheit zum Betrieb eines Dampfkreisprozesses verwendet, durch welchen über einen elektrischen Generator, der von einem Expander in der Dampfkreisprozessvorrichtung angetrieben wird, elektrische Energie erzeugt und über eine elektrische Antriebsmaschine, die die Verbrennungskraftmaschine in der Antriebseinheit zu einem Hybridantrieb ergänzt, in die Traktion für den Fahrzeugvortrieb eingeleitet wird. Demnach kann erfindungsgemäß die ansonsten ungenutzte Abwärme aus der Verbrennungskraftmaschine wenigstens teilweise wieder zurückgewonnen und zusätzlich der an sich bekannte Hybridantrieb, welcher bereits zu einer Kraftstoffreduktion führt, dazu eingesetzt werden, um auf möglichst einfach Art und Weise, das heißt mit den ohnehin vorhandenen Fahrzeugkomponenten, die in der Dampfkreisprozessvorrichtung erzeuge Energie wiederzuverwenden.According to the exhaust gas flow of the internal combustion engine from the drive unit is used to operate a steam cycle process, which generates electrical energy via an electric generator, which is driven by an expander in the Dampfkreisprozessvorrichtung, and via an electric drive machine, the internal combustion engine in the drive unit to a hybrid drive added, is introduced into the traction for vehicle propulsion. Accordingly, according to the invention, the otherwise unused waste heat from the internal combustion engine at least partially recovered and in addition the known hybrid drive, which already leads to a fuel reduction, are used in the simplest possible way, that is with the already existing vehicle components, the in the steam cycle process device, generate energy to reuse.

Die durch diese Maßnahme für den Fahrzeugvortrieb zusätzlich genutzte Energiequelle erlaubt es darüber hinaus, das Energiemanagement für ein Hybridfahrzeug zu vereinfachen, das heißt ausgehend von der systeminhärenten Trägheit des Dampfkreisprozesses, welche eine Energiezwischenpufferung ermöglicht, kann der der elektrischen Antriebsmaschine zugeordnete Energiespeicher entsprechend kleiner bauend ausgebildet werden. Dies führt zu einer Reduktion des Gesamtgewichts der Antriebseinheit, beziehungsweise zu einer Kompensation des Zusatzgewichts aufgrund der erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Dampfkreisprozessvorrichtung.The energy source additionally used by this measure for the vehicle propulsion also makes it possible to simplify the energy management for a hybrid vehicle, that is, starting from the system inherent inertia of the steam cycle process, which enables an energy buffering, the energy storage associated with the electric drive machine can be designed correspondingly smaller , This leads to a reduction of the total weight of the drive unit, or to a compensation of the additional weight due to the Dampfkreisprozessvorrichtung used in the invention.

Das Konzept einer Abgaswärmerückgewinnung über einen Dampfkreisprozess und die Umwandlung der im Kreisprozess erzeugten mechanischen Energie in elektrische Energie kann mit unterschiedlichen Hybridantrieben kombiniert werden, das heißt es kommen hierfür serielle oder parallele Hybridantriebe in Betracht oder die Verwendung einer elektrischen Antriebsmaschine, die lediglich zur Unterstützung des verbrennungskraftbasierten Haupantriebs dient.The concept of exhaust heat recovery via a steam cycle process and the conversion of mechanical energy generated in the cycle process into electrical energy can be combined with different hybrid drives, that is, for this purpose, serial or parallel hybrid drives or the use of an electric drive machine, which only support the combustion-based Main drive serves.

Erfindungsgemäß wird ein leistungsverzweigter Hybridantrieb vorgesehen, und zwar ein solcher Hybridantrieb, bei dem die elektrische Antriebsmaschine in einem Leistungszweig eines leistungsverzweigten elektromechanischen Getriebes integriert wird. Ein solches nach dem Differenzialwandlerprinzip arbeitendes Getriebe, umfassend - in Traktionsrichtung gesehen - ein Verteilergetriebe, zurAccording to the invention, a power-split hybrid drive is provided, specifically such a hybrid drive, in which the electric drive machine is integrated in a power branch of a power-split electromechanical transmission. Such according to the differential transducer principle working gear, comprising - seen in the traction direction - a transfer case, the

Leistungsverzweigung auf wenigstens einen mechanischen und wenigstens einen elektrischen Nebenzweig und die Zusammenführung der Leistungszweige über ein Summiergetriebe, erlaubt eine steuerungstechnisch einfache Kombination einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine mit einer elektrischen Antriebsmaschine, da aufgrund der Getriebecharakteristik für den niederen Drehzahlbereich eine höhere Gewichtung auf dem elektrischen Leistungszweig liegt, während für hohe Drehzahlen die Leistung im Wesentlichen mechanisch übertragen wird, das heißt eine das Verteilergetriebe antreibende Verbrennungskraftmaschine wird die Haupttraktionslast übernehmen. Wird nun erfindungsgemäß über eine Dampfkreisprozessvorrichtung Energie aus dem Abgasstrom derPower split to at least one mechanical and at least one electrical branch and the merger of the power branches via a summing, allows a control technically simple combination of an internal combustion engine with an electric drive machine, because due to the transmission characteristics for the low speed range, a higher emphasis on the electrical power branch, while high speeds, the power is transmitted substantially mechanically, that is, a transfer case driving the internal combustion engine will take over the main traction load. Is now according to the invention via a steam cycle process energy from the exhaust stream of

Verbrennungskraftmaschine zurückgewonnen, so folgt eine energieeffiziente Einheit, welche sich durch eine gute Steuerbarkeit auszeichnet. Darüber hinaus kann ein Getriebe nach dem Differenzialwandlerprinzip in koaxialer Bauweise ausgeführt sein, so dass das kleinbauende Getriebe einen hinreichenden Bauraum zur Aufnahme der erfindungsgemäß zusätzlich vorgesehenen Dampfkreisprozessvorrichtung freilässt. Die koaxiale Bauweise kann beispielsweise dadurch erreicht werden, dass mittels der elektrischen Antriebsmaschine eine Hohlwelle angetrieben wird, welche eine mechanisch durch die Verbrennungskraftmaschine angetriebene Welle, insbesondere Vollwelle, in Umfangsrichtung umschließt und koaxial zu dieser angeordnet ist. Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist ferner eine zweite Hohlwelle vorgesehen, welche die durch die Verbrennungskraftmaschine angetriebene Welle ebenfalls koaxial umschließt und über welche ein elektrischer Generator mittels der Verbrennungskraftmaschine angetrieben wird. Im Einzelnen wird hierzu noch mit Bezug auf die Figur 2 eingegangen.Recuperated internal combustion engine, this is followed by an energy-efficient unit, which is characterized by good controllability. In addition, a transmission can be designed according to the differential converter principle in a coaxial design, so that the small-sized transmission leaves sufficient space for receiving the additionally provided in accordance with the invention Dampfkreisprozessvorrichtung. The coaxial design can for example be achieved by means of the electric drive machine, a hollow shaft is driven, which encloses a mechanically driven by the internal combustion engine shaft, in particular solid shaft in the circumferential direction and is arranged coaxially thereto. According to an advantageous embodiment, a second hollow shaft is further provided, which also coaxially surrounds the shaft driven by the internal combustion engine and via which an electric generator is driven by means of the internal combustion engine. In detail, this will be discussed with reference to the figure 2.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand von Figuren in Form von Ausführungsbeispielen beschrieben, welche im Einzelnen Folgendes darstellen:The invention will be described below with reference to figures in the form of exemplary embodiments, which show in detail the following:

Figur 1 zeigt in schematisch vereinfachter Darstellung die Verbindung einer Dampfkreisprozessvorrichtung, welche durch Abgaswärme betrieben wird, mit einem Hybridantrieb, umfassend eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine und eine elektrische Antriebsmaschine.FIG. 1 shows, in a schematically simplified representation, the connection of a steam cycle device, which is operated by exhaust gas heat, with a hybrid drive, comprising an internal combustion engine and an electric drive machine.

Figur 2 zeigt die Verbindung einer Dampfkreisprozessvorrichtung mit einem Differentialwandlergetriebe, das von einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine angetrieben wird und welches einen elektrischen Leistungszweig mit einer elektrischen Antriebsmaschine umfasst.Figure 2 shows the connection of a Dampfkreisprozessvorrichtung with a differential converter transmission, which is driven by an internal combustion engine and which comprises an electrical power branch with an electric drive machine.

Figur 1 zeigt in schematisch vereinfachter Darstellung einen erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeugantrieb, der als Verbindung eines Hybridantriebs, das heißt einer Kombination aus einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine 1 und einer elektrischen Antriebsmaschine 3, und einer Dampfkreisprozessvorrichtung 7 besteht, wobei diese durch den Abgasstrom der Verbrennungskraftmaschine betrieben wird.Figure 1 shows a simplified schematic representation of a vehicle drive according to the invention, which consists of a hybrid drive, that is, a combination of an internal combustion engine 1 and an electric drive machine 3, and a steam cycle device 7, which is operated by the exhaust stream of the internal combustion engine.

Durch den erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeugantrieb gelingt es, ein Teil der Abwärme im Abgasstrom in elektrische Energie umzuwandeln, die wiederum über die elektrischen Komponenten im Hybridantrieb in Vortriebsenergie für das Fahrzeug umgesetzt werden kann. Im Einzelnen ist in Figur 1 der bekannte Hybridantrieb in serieller Anordnung dargestellt. Hierzu wird über eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine 1 ein elektrischer Generator 2 angetrieben, um über einen ersten Frequenzumrichter 6.1 einem Energiespeicher 5 elektrische Energie zuzuführen. Bevorzugt wird hierzu die Verbrennungskraftmaschine im Bereich des Bestpunkts, das heißt im Bereich des höchsten Wirkungsgrads, betrieben und kurze Leistungsschwankungen über den Energiespeicher 5 ausgeglichen. Zusätzlich oder alternativ zum Energiespeicher 5 kann ein Gleichspannungszwischenkreis vorgesehen werden, welcher beispielsweise aus Hochleistungskondensatoren aufgebaut ist und auf den wiederum die ein- und ausspeichernden Komponenten über Frequenzumrichter zugreifen. Einem solchen werden zur Spannungsstabilisierung Regel- und Steuereinheiten zugeordnet, die jedoch in der schematisch vereinfachten Darstellung von Figur 1 im Einzelnen nicht gezeigt sind.The vehicle drive according to the invention makes it possible to convert a portion of the waste heat in the exhaust gas stream into electrical energy, which in turn via the electrical components in the hybrid drive in propulsion energy for the vehicle can be implemented. In detail, the known hybrid drive is shown in a serial arrangement in FIG. For this purpose, an electric generator 2 is driven via an internal combustion engine 1 in order to supply electrical energy to an energy store 5 via a first frequency converter 6.1. For this purpose, the internal combustion engine is preferably operated in the region of the best point, that is to say in the region of the highest efficiency, and short power fluctuations over the energy store 5 are compensated for. In addition or as an alternative to the energy store 5, it is possible to provide a DC intermediate circuit, which is constructed, for example, from high-power capacitors and to which, in turn, the components which are to be injected and removed access via frequency converters. Such a control and control units are assigned to the voltage stabilization, which are not shown in the schematically simplified representation of Figure 1 in detail.

In der Ausgestaltung nach Figur 1 wird für den Traktionsbetrieb über den zweiten Frequenzumrichter 6.2 zum Vortrieb Energie aus dem Energiespeicher 5 entnommen und einer elektrischen Antriebseinheit 3 zugeführt. Diese ist gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung als Radnabenmotor ausgebildet, welcher einem Satz Antriebsräder 4 zugeordnet ist.In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, energy is extracted from the energy store 5 for the traction operation via the second frequency converter 6.2 for propulsion and supplied to an electric drive unit 3. This is designed according to an advantageous embodiment as a hub motor, which is associated with a set of drive wheels 4.

Die in Figur 1 gezeigte serielle Anordnung für den Hybridantrieb zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass im Wesentlichen auf mechanische Getriebe verzichtet werden kann oder diese kleinbauend den Radnabenmotoren zugeordnet sind. Gemäß einer besonders bevorzugten Ausgestaltung wird als elektrische Antriebsmaschine eine Transversalflussmaschine verwendet.The serial arrangement shown in Figure 1 for the hybrid drive is characterized by the fact that can be dispensed with essentially mechanical gear or these are assigned to the wheel hub motors kleinbauend. According to a particularly preferred embodiment, a transverse flux machine is used as the electric drive machine.

Erfindungsgemäß umfasst der Fahrzeugantrieb eineAccording to the invention, the vehicle drive comprises a

Dampfkreisprozessvorrichtung 7 mit einem einen Wärmetauscher 9 aufweisenden Verdampfer 8 für ein Betriebsmittel. Dem Wärmetauscher 9 wird der Abgasstrom aus der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 1 zugeführt, wodurch das Arbeitsmittel auf einer ersten Temperatur erhitzt und verdampft wird. Besonders bevorzugt wird dem Wärmetauscher 9 stromaufwärts zur Reinigung des Abgasstroms ein Partikelfilter 17 und/oder ein Katalysator zugeordnet.Steam cycle process device 7 with a heat exchanger 9 having evaporator 8 for a resource. The exhaust gas flow from the internal combustion engine 1 is supplied to the heat exchanger 9, whereby the working fluid is heated and evaporated at a first temperature. Particularly preferred the heat exchanger 9 upstream of the purification of the exhaust gas flow associated with a particulate filter 17 and / or a catalyst.

Zur Vervollständigung der Dampfkreisprozessvorrichtung 7 ist ein Expander 10 vorgesehen, in dem das dampfförmige Arbeitsmittel mechanische Arbeit verrichtet und abkühlt. In Stromrichtung nachfolgend wird ein Kondensator 12 zur Verflüssigung des Arbeitsmittels verwendet, wobei der Kondensator vorteilhafterweise über den Kühlkreis 13 des Fahrzeugs gekühlt wird. Über einen Arbeitsmitteltank 14 und eine Pumpe 15 wird das flüssige Arbeitsmittel zur erneuten Verdampfung dem Verdampfer 8 zugeführt.To complete the steam cycle device 7, an expander 10 is provided in which the vaporous working medium performs mechanical work and cools. In the direction of flow subsequently, a condenser 12 is used for liquefying the working fluid, wherein the condenser is advantageously cooled via the cooling circuit 13 of the vehicle. About a working fluid tank 14 and a pump 15, the liquid working fluid for re-evaporation of the evaporator 8 is supplied.

Der Dampfkreisprozess in der Dampfkreisprozessvorrichtung 7 wird mit Komponenten ausgeführt, welche entsprechend des Leistungseintrags aus dem Abgasstrom der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 1 ausgelegt sind. Beispielsweise wird als Expander 10 eine Expansionsmaschine bevorzugt, welche nach der Kolbenexpanderbauweise einen Kolbenhub über eine Taumelscheibe in eine Rotationsbewegung umsetzt. Für höhere Leistungsanforderungen kann als Expander 10 ein Kurbelwellenmotor und für besonders hohe Leistungen eine Dampfturbine verwendet werden. Auch Kreiskolbenmotoren oder Flügelzellenmotoren können für manche Anwendungen vorteilhaft sein.The steam cycle in the steam cycle device 7 is performed with components designed according to the input of power from the exhaust gas flow of the internal combustion engine 1. For example, as an expander 10, an expansion machine is preferred, which converts a piston stroke via a swash plate into a rotational movement according to the piston expansion design. For higher power requirements, a crankshaft motor can be used as expander 10, and a steam turbine for particularly high outputs. Even rotary engines or vane motors may be advantageous for some applications.

Die über den Expander 10 erzeugte mechanische Energie wird mittels eines zweiten Generators 11 , der der Dampfkreisprozessvorrichtung 7 zugeordnet ist, in elektrische Energie umgesetzt, welche wiederum bevorzugt über einen Frequenzumrichter in den Energiespeicher 5 des Hybridantriebs eingespeist wird. Diese Konvertierung der über den Dampfkreisprozess erzeugten mechanischen Leistung in eine elektrische erlaubt es, die elektrischen Komponenten im Hybridantrieb zur Energieeinleitung zu verwenden. Hierbei sind unterschiedliche Ausgestaltungen denkbar, beispielsweise ein ausschließlich der Dampfkreisprozessvorrichtung 7 zugeordneter Energiespeicher, der in seiner Auslegungscharakteristik entsprechend angepasst wird und welcher wiederum über Frequenzumrichter mit einem weiteren Energiespeicher des Hybridantriebs oder einem diesem zugeordneten Gleichspannungszwischenkreis verbunden ist. Auch eine direkte Einspeisung in einen zentralen Energiespeicher des erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeugantriebs ist denkbar.The mechanical energy generated via the expander 10 is converted by means of a second generator 11, which is associated with the steam cycle device 7, into electrical energy, which in turn is preferably fed via a frequency converter in the energy storage 5 of the hybrid drive. This conversion of the mechanical power generated via the steam cycle process into an electrical one makes it possible to use the electrical components in the hybrid drive for energy introduction. Here, different embodiments are conceivable, for example, an exclusively the steam cycle processing device 7 associated energy storage, which is adjusted according to its design characteristics and which in turn via frequency converter with a further energy storage of the hybrid drive or a DC voltage intermediate circuit associated therewith. A direct feed into a central energy storage of the vehicle drive according to the invention is conceivable.

Gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung wird auf den zweiten Generator 11 , der der Dampfkreisprozessvorrichtung 7 zugeordnet ist, verzichtet und stattdessen wird der Expander 10 der Dampfkreisprozessvorrichtung 7 mechanisch mit dem elektrischen Generator 2 des Hybridantriebs gekoppelt, das heißt neben der Krafteinleitung durch die Verbrennungskraftmaschine 1 treibt der Expander 10 den elektrischen Generator 2 des Hybridantriebs an. Eine mögliche Ausführung besteht in der Verwendung eines Summiergetriebes in Form eines Planetenradsatzes, oder auch der direkte Eintrieb in Kopplung mit dem Verbrennungsmotor oder wechselweise geschaltet über Kupplungen.According to a further embodiment, the second generator 11, which is associated with the steam cycle device 7, is dispensed with, and instead the expander 10 of the steam cycle device 7 is mechanically coupled to the electric generator 2 of the hybrid drive, that is, in addition to the introduction of force by the internal combustion engine 1 drives the expander 10 to the electric generator 2 of the hybrid drive. One possible embodiment is the use of a summation gear in the form of a planetary gear set, or the direct drive in coupling with the internal combustion engine or switched alternately via clutches.

Gemäß einer Weitergestaltung ist in der Dampfkreisprozessvorrichtung 7 eine separate Wärmequelle 16 vorgesehen. Besonders vorteilhaft ist diese als Brenner ausgestaltet, in dem der Kraftstoff der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 1 zur Erzeugung eines heißen Gasstroms verwendet wird. Die separate Wärmequelle 16 wird dazu verwendet, um den Dampfkreisprozess effizient regeln zu können und um ein Notfallsystem zu schaffen. Demnach wird zwar derAccording to a further embodiment, a separate heat source 16 is provided in the steam cycle device 7. This is particularly advantageous designed as a burner in which the fuel of the internal combustion engine 1 is used to generate a hot gas stream. The separate heat source 16 is used to efficiently control the steam cycle process and to provide an emergency system. Accordingly, although the

Hauptenergieeintrag zum Betrieb des Dampfkreisprozesses über den Abgasstrom aus der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 1 erfolgen. Gleichwohl kann es für einige Betriebssituationen notwendig sein, den Dampfkreisprozess ohne Abgasstrom zu betreiben oder dessen Energieeintrag zu erhöhen. Denkbar ist hierbei der Fall, dass die der elektrischen Antriebsmaschine 3 im Hybridantrieb zugeordnetenMain energy input to operate the steam cycle process via the exhaust stream from the internal combustion engine 1 done. Nevertheless, it may be necessary for some operating situations to operate the steam cycle process without exhaust gas flow or to increase its energy input. Conceivable here is the case that the electric drive machine 3 assigned in the hybrid drive

Energiespeicher 5 leer sind und ein Start des Fahrzeugs vollzogen werden soll. Ist der Hybridantrieb so ausgestaltet, dass auf einen separaten Anlasser mit einer Batterie verzichtet wird und stattdessen die elektrische Antriebsmaschine 3 zum Anwerfen der Verbrennungskraftmaschine beim Start des Fahrzeugs verwendet wird, so kann im Notfall durch ein Zünden des Brenners und damit ein Aktivieren der separaten Wärmequelle 16 in der Dampfkreisprozessvorrichtung 7 Energie zur Aufladung des Energiespeichers und damit zum Betrieb der elektrischen Maschine 3 erzeugt werden.Energy storage 5 are empty and a start of the vehicle is to be completed. If the hybrid drive is designed so that dispensing with a separate starter with a battery and instead the electric drive machine 3 is used for starting the internal combustion engine when the vehicle is started, then in an emergency by igniting the burner and thus activating the separate heat source 16 in the steam cycle device 7 energy to Charging the energy storage and thus to the operation of the electric machine 3 are generated.

In Figur 2 ist eine weitere Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Verbindung einer Dampfkreisprozessvorrichtung 7 betrieben mit dem Abgasstrom derFIG. 2 shows a further embodiment of the connection according to the invention of a steam cycle device 7 operated with the exhaust gas stream of FIG

Verbrennungskraftmaschine 1 und einem Hybridantrieb dargestellt. Diese ist durch eine Parallelanordnung der elektrischen Antriebsmaschine 3 und der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 1 realisiert, wobei die elektrische Antriebsmaschine 3 Teil eines elektrischen Getriebezweigs in einem nach dem Differentialwandlerprinzip arbeitenden leistungsverzweigten Getriebe ist. Dieses umfasst einen ersten mechanischen Leistungszweig 23 und einen zweiten elektrischen Leistungszweig 24. Die dargestellte Kombination zeichnet sich sowohl durch eine kompakte Baugröße als auch durch eine hohe Variabilität des Hybridantriebs aus, bei dem entweder die Verbrennungskraftmaschine 1 oder die elektrische Antriebsmaschine 3 jeweils solo zum Antrieb derInternal combustion engine 1 and a hybrid drive shown. This is realized by a parallel arrangement of the electric drive machine 3 and the internal combustion engine 1, wherein the electric drive machine 3 is part of an electrical transmission branch in a power-split transmission operating on the differential converter principle. This comprises a first mechanical power branch 23 and a second electrical power branch 24. The combination shown is characterized both by a compact size and by a high variability of the hybrid drive, in which either the internal combustion engine 1 or the electric drive machine 3 respectively for driving the

Getriebeausgangswelle A oder in Kombination verwendet werden können.Transmission output shaft A or in combination can be used.

Aufgrund der Anordnung der elektrischen Antriebsmaschine 3 in einem Nebenzweig des Leistungsverzweig ungsgetriebes besteht aufgrund der konstruktiven Ausbildung eine solche systeminhärente Übertragungscharakteristik, dass für den unteren Drehzahlbereich der elektrische Leistungszweig 24 gegenüber dem mechanischen Leistungszweig 23 stärker gewichtet ist, bei höheren Drehzahlen kehrt sich dann dieses Verhältnis um, so dass im Wesentlichen die Verbrennungskraftmaschine 1 zur Traktion verwendet wird. Über dieses Konstruktionsprinzip wird die Steuerung des erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeugantriebs vereinfacht, das heißt das Energiemanagement für den Energiespeicher 5 ist weniger komplex und kann somit leichter den Energieeintrag aus dem erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Dampfkreisprozess zum Energiespeicher 5 steuern.Due to the arrangement of the electric drive machine 3 in a secondary branch of the power split transmission due to the structural design such a system inherent transmission characteristic that is weighted more for the lower speed range of the electric power branch 24 relative to the mechanical power branch 23 at higher speeds, then reverses this ratio so that essentially the internal combustion engine 1 is used for traction. About this design principle, the control of the vehicle drive according to the invention is simplified, that is, the energy management for the energy storage 5 is less complex and thus easier to control the energy input from the steam cycle according to the invention used to the energy storage 5.

Im Einzelnen ist in Figur 2 wiederum in schematisch vereinfachter Darstellung die Verbindung der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 1 zur Dampfkreisprozessvorrichtung 7 gezeigt, wobei die Zuleitung des Abgasstroms von der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 1 zur Speisung des Dampfkreisprozesses skizziert ist. Die durch den Dampfkreisprozess gewonnene elektrische Energie wird in den Energiespeicher 5 des Hybridantriebs eingespeist. Dieser steht über einen Frequenzumrichter 6.2 mit der elektrischen Antriebsmaschine 3 in Verbindung. Diese befindet sich wie voranstehend dargestellt in einem ersten elektrischen Leistungszweig 24 eines Differentialwandlergetriebes. Zusätzlich liegt in diesem elektrischen Leistungszweig ein elektrischer Generator 2 vor, welcher wiederum über die Frequenzumrichter 6.1 , 6.2 mit der elektrischen Antriebsmaschine gekoppelt ist und diese mit elektrischer Energie während des Traktionsbetriebs versorgt. Im Fall einer Bremsung des Fahrzeugs, das heißt im Schleppmodus, kehrt sich der Kraftfluss um und die elektrische Antriebsmaschine 3 wird generatorisch betrieben, das heißt es liegt ein elektrischer Leistungsfluss über die Frequenzumrichter 6.2 zum Energiespeicher 5 vor. Neben der Bremsfunktion kann damit auch eine Rekuperation der Bewegungsenergie des Fahrzeugs vollzogen werden.In detail, the connection of the internal combustion engine 1 to the steam cycle device is again shown schematically in simplified form in FIG 7, wherein the supply line of the exhaust gas flow from the internal combustion engine 1 for feeding the steam cycle process is outlined. The electrical energy obtained by the steam cycle is fed into the energy storage 5 of the hybrid drive. This is connected via a frequency converter 6.2 with the electric drive machine 3 in combination. This is located as described above in a first electrical power branch 24 of a differential converter transmission. In addition, in this electrical power branch, an electric generator 2 is present, which in turn is coupled to the electric drive machine via the frequency converters 6.1, 6.2 and supplies them with electrical energy during traction operation. In the case of a braking of the vehicle, that is in towing mode, the power flow is reversed and the electric drive machine 3 is operated as a generator, that is, there is an electrical power flow via the frequency converter 6.2 to the energy storage 5. In addition to the braking function can thus be carried out a recuperation of the kinetic energy of the vehicle.

Angetrieben wird das Differentialwandlergetriebe 29 durch die Verbrennungskraftmaschine 1. Diese ist wenigstens mittelbar mit der Getriebeeingangswelle E verbunden. Im Einzelnen sind Zwischenkomponenten für diese Kopplung, beispielsweise Schaltkupplungen und/oder Dämpfungselemente, nicht dargestellt. Über die Getriebeeingangswelle E wird ein Verteilergetriebe 18 angetrieben, welches entsprechend der in Figur 2 gezeigten Darstellung als Planetenradsatz ausgebildet sein kann. Als Eingang wird ein Hohlrad 19 verwendet, welches die Zahnräder des Planetenradträgers 20 kämmt, der eineThe differential converter 29 is driven by the internal combustion engine 1. This is at least indirectly connected to the transmission input shaft E. Specifically, intermediate components for this coupling, such as clutches and / or damping elements, not shown. Via the transmission input shaft E, a transfer case 18 is driven, which can be designed according to the representation shown in Figure 2 as a planetary gear set. As input, a ring gear 19 is used, which meshes with the gears of the planet carrier 20, the one

Verbindung zur Getriebeausgangswelle aufweist. Diese Komponenten treiben den ersten, mechanisch Leistungszweig 23 an und ein zweiten elektrischer Leistungszweig 24 wird vom Sonnenrad 21 des Verteilergetriebes über eine Hohlwelle 22 beschickt, wobei diese wenigstens mittelbar den elektrischen Generator 2 antreibt. Über den zwischengeschalteten elektrischen Leistungsfluss wird die elektrische Antriebsmaschine 3 angetrieben, die über eine zweite Hohlwelle 25 auf den Eingang des Summiergetriebes 26 zugreift, in welchem die Zusammenführung der Leistungsflüsse der einzelnen Leistungszweige vollzogen wird.Has connection to the transmission output shaft. These components drive the first, mechanical power branch 23 and a second electrical power branch 24 is charged by the sun gear 21 of the transfer case via a hollow shaft 22, which at least indirectly drives the electric generator 2. About the intermediate electric power flow, the electric drive machine 3 is driven, which accesses via a second hollow shaft 25 to the input of the summing 26, in which the Merging the power flows of the individual power branches is completed.

Gemäß der dargestellten Ausgestaltung wird als Summiergetriebe 26 ein weiterer Planetenradsatz verwendet, wobei das Sonnenrad des Summiergetriebes 27 den Steg beziehungsweise den Planetenradträger des Summiergetriebes 28 antreibt, welcher den Ausgang des Summiergetriebes darstellt und der eine Verbindung zur Getriebeausgangswelle A aufweist. Wie in Figur 2 gezeigt, ist das Hohlrad des Planetenradsatzes des Summiergetriebes 26 festgesetzt.According to the illustrated embodiment, a further planetary gear is used as summing 26, the sun gear of the summation 27 drives the web or the planet carrier of the summation 28, which represents the output of the summing and having a connection to the transmission output shaft A. As shown in Figure 2, the ring gear of the planetary gear set of the summation 26 is fixed.

Vorzugsweise wird das Differentialwandlergetriebe 29 koaxial ausgebildet und in einer besonders bevorzugten, bauraumsparenden Gestaltung, werden das Verteilergetriebe 18 und das Summiergetriebe 26 benachbart zueinander angeordnet und bilden eine Baueinheit, wobei der elektrische Getriebezweig mit dem elektrischer Generator 2 und der elektrischen Antriebsmaschine 3 dieserPreferably, the differential converter gear 29 is formed coaxially and in a particularly preferred, space-saving design, the transfer case 18 and the summing 26 are arranged adjacent to each other and form a structural unit, wherein the electrical transmission branch with the electric generator 2 and the electric drive machine 3 of this

Baueinheit in Traktionsrichtung vor- oder nachgelagert ist. Man beachte die in der Figur 2 dargestellte Ausführung mit der Welle des ersten, mechanischen Leistungszweiges 23, welche durch die Hohlwelle 22, über welche der Generator 2 angetrieben wird und die zweite Hohlwelle 25, die durch die elektrische Antriebsmaschine 3 angetrieben wird beziehungsweise die elektrischeAssembly in upstream or downstream traction direction. Note the embodiment shown in Figure 2 with the shaft of the first, mechanical power branch 23, which is driven by the hollow shaft 22, via which the generator 2 and the second hollow shaft 25, which is driven by the electric drive machine 3 and the electric

Antriebsmaschine 3 generatorisch antreiben kann, koaxial umschlossen wird. Die beiden Hohlwellen 22 und 25 sind dabei insbesondere fluchtend zueinander angeordnet.Drive machine 3 can drive regeneratively, is enclosed coaxially. The two hollow shafts 22 and 25 are arranged in particular in alignment with each other.

Ferner weist das Differentialwandlergetriebe 29 Mittel zur Festsetzung einzelner Getriebekomponenten auf. Hierzu ist in Figur 2 die Kupplung 30 dargestellt, die es erlaubt, das Verteilergetriebe 18 festzusetzen, für den Fall, dass ein Soloantrieb rein über die elektrische Antriebsmaschine 3, gespeist durch den Energiespeicher 5, erfolgen soll.Furthermore, the differential converter 29 has means for fixing individual transmission components. For this purpose, the clutch 30 is shown in Figure 2, which allows to set the transfer case 18, in the event that a solo drive purely on the electric drive machine 3, powered by the energy storage 5, should be made.

Die bauraumsparende Anordnung aus Figur 2 lässt sich besonders vorteilhaft mit der Dampfkreisprozessvorrichtung 7 zu einer kompakten Antriebseinheit kombinieren, wobei insbesondere das Getriebekonzept die Steuerung des Hybridantriebs und damit die Eingliederung der Energieflüsse aus der Dampfkreisprozessvorrichtung 7 vereinfacht. The space-saving arrangement of Figure 2 can be particularly advantageous with the steam cycle device 7 to a compact drive unit in particular, the transmission concept simplifies the control of the hybrid drive and thus the integration of the energy flows from the steam cycle device 7.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 Verbrennungskraftmaschine1 internal combustion engine

2 elektrischer Generator2 electric generator

3 elektrische Antriebsmaschine3 electric drive machine

4 Antriebsräder4 drive wheels

5 Energiespeicher5 energy storage

6.1 , 6.2 Frequenzumrichter6.1, 6.2 Frequency converter

7 Dampfkreisprozessvorrichtung7 Steam cycle process device

8 Verdampfer8 evaporator

9 Wärmetauscher9 heat exchangers

10 Expander10 expander

11 zweiter elektrischer Generator11 second electric generator

12 Expander12 expander

13 Kühlkreis13 cooling circuit

14 Arbeitsmitteltank14 working fluid tank

15 Pumpe15 pump

16 separate Wärmequelle16 separate heat source

17 Partikelfilter17 particle filter

18 Verteilergetriebe18 transfer cases

19 Hohlrad19 ring gear

20 Planetenradträger20 planet carrier

21 Sonnenrad21 sun wheel

22 Hohlwelle22 hollow shaft

23 erster, mechanischer Leistungszweig23 first, mechanical power branch

24 zweiter, elektrischer Leistungszweig24 second, electrical power branch

25 zweite Hohlwelle25 second hollow shaft

26 Summiergetriebe26 summation gear

27 Sonnenrad des Summiergetriebes27 Sun gear of the summation gear

28 Steg28 footbridge

29 Differentialwandlergetriebe29 Differential Transmissions

30 Kupplung A Getriebeausgangswelle30 clutch A transmission output shaft

E Getriebeeingangswelle E transmission input shaft

Claims

Patentansprüche claims 1. Fahrzeugantrieb umfassend1. vehicle drive comprising 1.1 einen Hybridantrieb mit einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine (1) und wenigstens einer elektrischen Antriebsmaschine (3);1.1 a hybrid drive with an internal combustion engine (1) and at least one electric drive machine (3); 1.2 eine Dampfkreisprozessvorrichtung (7), in der ein Arbeitsmedium in einem Verdampfer (8) durch den Abgasstrom aus der Verbrennungskraftmaschine (1) verdampft wird und in einem Expander (10) mechanische Arbeit verrichtet; 1.3 der Expander (10) der Dampfkreisprozesseinrichtung (7) treibt einen elektrischen Generator (11) an, wobei die erzeugte elektrische Energie wenigstens mittelbar der elektrischen Antriebsmaschine (3) im Hybridantrieb zugeführt wird dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 1.4 die elektrische Antriebsmaschine (3) im Hybridantrieb in einem Nebenzweig eines von der Verbrennungskraftmaschine angetriebenen Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebes angeordnet ist, wobei; 1.5 das Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebe ein Verteilergetriebe (18) zur Leistungsaufteilung auf wenigstens einen ersten, mechanischen Leistungszweig (23) und wenigstens einen zweiten, elektrischen1.2 a steam cycle device (7) in which a working medium in an evaporator (8) is vaporized by the exhaust stream from the internal combustion engine (1) and performs mechanical work in an expander (10); 1.3 of the expander (10) of the steam cycle device (7) drives an electric generator (11), wherein the electrical energy generated is at least indirectly supplied to the electric drive machine (3) in hybrid drive, characterized in that 1.4 the electric drive machine (3) in the hybrid drive in a side branch of a power-split transmission driven by the internal combustion engine, wherein; 1.5 the power split transmission a transfer case (18) for power distribution to at least a first, mechanical power branch (23) and at least a second, electrical Leistungszweig (24) und ein Summiergetriebe (26) zur Zusammenführung der Leistungsflüsse der einzelnen Leistungszweige umfasst.Power branch (24) and a summing gear (26) for combining the power flows of the individual power branches comprises. 2. Fahrzeugantrieb nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verbrennungskraftmaschine (1) im Hybridantrieb einen elektrischen2. Vehicle drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the internal combustion engine (1) in the hybrid drive an electric Generator (2) antreibt, dessen elektrische Leistung wenigstens mittelbar der elektrischen Antriebsmaschine (3) zugeführt wird.Generator (2) drives, whose electrical power is at least indirectly supplied to the electric drive machine (3). 3. Fahrzeugantrieb nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebe koaxial aufgebaut ist. 3. Vehicle drive according to at least one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the power split transmission is constructed coaxially. 4. Fahrzeugantrieb nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vom elektrischen Generator (2) im Hybridantrieb erzeugte elektrische Energie in einen Energiespeicher (5) eingespeist wird, aus dem die elektrische Antriebsmaschine (3) des Hybridantriebs versorgt wird.4. Vehicle drive according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the electrical energy generated by the electric generator (2) in the hybrid drive in an energy store (5) is fed, from which the electric drive machine (3) of the hybrid drive is supplied. 5. Fahrzeugantrieb nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Energiespeicher (5) ein Gleichspannungszwischenkreis ist, der Kondensatoren als Energiespeicher umfasst und dem eine Regelungseinheit zur Spannungsstabilisierung zugeordnet ist.5. Vehicle drive according to claim 4, characterized in that the energy store (5) is a DC voltage intermediate circuit, which comprises capacitors as an energy store and is associated with a control unit for voltage stabilization. 6. Fahrzeugantrieb nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektrische Antriebsmaschine (3) des Hybridantriebs zur Beschleunigung des Fahrzeugs und insbesondere beim Anfahren verwendet wird.6. Vehicle drive according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the electric drive machine (3) of the hybrid drive for accelerating the vehicle and in particular when starting is used. 7. Fahrzeug mit einem Fahrzeugantrieb nach wenigstens einem der vorausgehenden Ansprüche. 7. Vehicle with a vehicle drive according to at least one of the preceding claims.
PCT/EP2008/003763 2007-05-11 2008-05-09 Vehicle drive Ceased WO2008138562A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007022735A DE102007022735A1 (en) 2007-05-11 2007-05-11 Vehicle drive and method of operating the same
DE102007022735.5 2007-05-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008138562A1 true WO2008138562A1 (en) 2008-11-20

Family

ID=39789669

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2008/003763 Ceased WO2008138562A1 (en) 2007-05-11 2008-05-09 Vehicle drive

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102007022735A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2008138562A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2466079A1 (en) 2010-12-15 2012-06-20 Voith Patent GmbH Frost-proof steam cycle process device and method for its operation
CN107939492A (en) * 2017-11-22 2018-04-20 北京工业大学 A kind of waste-heat recovery device available for oil-electric vehicle

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090277400A1 (en) * 2008-05-06 2009-11-12 Ronald David Conry Rankine cycle heat recovery methods and devices
DE202010003630U1 (en) 2010-03-03 2011-07-27 Technanova Gmbh Engine block as a direct heat exchanger in a steam circuit
DE102010025185A1 (en) 2010-06-26 2011-12-29 Daimler Ag Waste heat utilization device for use in piston engine of motor vehicle, has preheater arranged between compression machine and evaporator for preheating operating medium and removing heat from cooling circuit that cools engine
WO2014021714A1 (en) * 2012-08-03 2014-02-06 Aanen Arie Hybrid drive device, hybrid vehicle and hybrid motor management system
DE102012220893A1 (en) 2012-11-15 2014-05-15 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Vehicle drive, has expansion machine and rotatable drivable component drivably, permanently, switchably or time controllably connected with each other with respect to operation of drivable components
DE102013205239A1 (en) 2013-03-25 2014-09-25 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Vehicle drive with a loss-heat exploiting expansion machine and method for operating such a vehicle drive

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6202782B1 (en) * 1999-05-03 2001-03-20 Takefumi Hatanaka Vehicle driving method and hybrid vehicle propulsion system
EP1326017A1 (en) * 2000-10-10 2003-07-09 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Hybrid vehicle
US20060179819A1 (en) * 2005-02-14 2006-08-17 Sullivan John T System and method for reducing vehicle emissions and/or generating hydrogen

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3030232A1 (en) * 1980-08-09 1982-03-18 M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 8000 München DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT A METHOD FOR USING THE EXHAUST WATER ENERGY OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
DE4128297C1 (en) * 1991-08-27 1992-12-24 Manfred 4100 Duisburg De Sonntag Hybrid drive motor vehicle using IC engine and electromotor - has solar cells for charging batteries to power motor and regenerative drive in parallel with crankshaft of IC engine
JP3466513B2 (en) * 1999-08-02 2003-11-10 日産ディーゼル工業株式会社 Electric vehicle power system
DE20117410U1 (en) 2001-10-24 2002-01-31 Voith Turbo Kg Electro-mechanical gear unit and drive device with integrated electromechanical gear unit
DE10152488A1 (en) * 2001-10-24 2002-06-06 Voith Turbo Kg Drive device for vehicle, especially diesel electric drive with converter gearbox unit, has revolution rate/torque transfer, conversion device between drive motor, drive wheels or axle drive
DE102004028620B4 (en) * 2004-06-12 2008-02-21 Jungheinrich Ag Drive system for a mobile machine with driven wheels, in particular an industrial truck

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6202782B1 (en) * 1999-05-03 2001-03-20 Takefumi Hatanaka Vehicle driving method and hybrid vehicle propulsion system
EP1326017A1 (en) * 2000-10-10 2003-07-09 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Hybrid vehicle
US20060179819A1 (en) * 2005-02-14 2006-08-17 Sullivan John T System and method for reducing vehicle emissions and/or generating hydrogen

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2466079A1 (en) 2010-12-15 2012-06-20 Voith Patent GmbH Frost-proof steam cycle process device and method for its operation
CN107939492A (en) * 2017-11-22 2018-04-20 北京工业大学 A kind of waste-heat recovery device available for oil-electric vehicle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102007022735A1 (en) 2008-11-13

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2008138562A1 (en) Vehicle drive
DE102010036321B4 (en) Drive system for a hybrid vehicle and hybrid vehicle with such a drive system
DE102005034929B4 (en) Electrically adjustable gear arrangement
DE102009041207A1 (en) 8-speed hybrid transmission architectures
DE4444545B4 (en) Powertrain for a hybrid vehicle
DE102005045320A1 (en) Electrically adjustable gearbox with decoupled internal combustion engine that charges in reverse
DE102010047518A1 (en) Device for energy recovery from exhaust stream of internal combustion engine in vehicle, has working medium that is guided in closed joule-cyclic process in waste heat recovery device
DE102013113715A1 (en) Power transmission system of a hybrid electric vehicle
DE102012004600A1 (en) Waste heat recovery device for a motor vehicle
DE102012004394A1 (en) Method for operating drive device for motor vehicle, involves assigning electric machine to output shaft, where another electric machine is associated to exhaust gas turbo charger and is electrically connected with former electric machine
DE112018000751T5 (en) Fast cold start heating and energy efficiency for the powertrain of commercial vehicles
DE102005042499A1 (en) Electrically adjustable transmission with improved climbing ability
DE102021204562A1 (en) hybrid powertrain
DE102015215518A1 (en) System for recovering energy from the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine
EP2710236A2 (en) Device and method for using the waste heat of an internal combustion engine
DE102011088907A1 (en) Hybrid drive unit for vehicle, has drivable shaft that is driven by electrically operable power path, and electrically and combustion motor operable power path through intermediate clutch
EP3124778B1 (en) Device and method for a combined electrical and mechanical use of the energy of an expansion machine
DE102009045979A1 (en) Drive device for electric vehicle, has expansion machine formed as gas turbine that has combustion chamber for mixture of fresh air and solid, liquid and/or gaseous fuel, where combustion chamber is connected upstream of turbine
DE102011116425A1 (en) Range extension module for electrically operated vehicle, has generator coupled to internal combustion engine, where internal combustion engine is designed as gas turbine, and waste heat recovery circuit is thermally coupled to gas turbine
WO2008031466A1 (en) Self-sufficient energy production unit for a vehicle driven by an internal combustion engine
DE102007026264A1 (en) Hybrid vehicle, has work machine delivering torque to drive wheels in one operating condition and decoupled from wheels in another operating condition, where work machine drives electrical machine and loads on-board battery
DE102019202210A1 (en) Method and control device for operating a motor vehicle
DE102017128056A1 (en) Hybrid powertrain
DE102008060950A1 (en) Motor vehicle with a waste heat utilization device, in particular for feeding the converted into usable power waste heat in the drive of the motor vehicle
DE102013103829A1 (en) Recuperation system for a motor vehicle

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 08758447

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

DPE1 Request for preliminary examination filed after expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed from 20040101)
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 08758447

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1