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WO2008129101A1 - Machine for recovering materials from waste - Google Patents

Machine for recovering materials from waste Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008129101A1
WO2008129101A1 PCT/ES2008/000258 ES2008000258W WO2008129101A1 WO 2008129101 A1 WO2008129101 A1 WO 2008129101A1 ES 2008000258 W ES2008000258 W ES 2008000258W WO 2008129101 A1 WO2008129101 A1 WO 2008129101A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
materials
screw
machine
recovery
tank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/ES2008/000258
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Antonio MARTÍNEZ TRASERRA
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Beteta Bermudez Esperanza
Original Assignee
Beteta Bermudez Esperanza
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Beteta Bermudez Esperanza filed Critical Beteta Bermudez Esperanza
Publication of WO2008129101A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008129101A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
    • B03B5/28—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation
    • B03B5/30—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation using heavy liquids or suspensions
    • B03B5/36—Devices therefor, other than using centrifugal force
    • B03B5/40—Devices therefor, other than using centrifugal force of trough type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
    • B03B5/28—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B11/00—Feed or discharge devices integral with washing or wet-separating equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
    • B03B5/48—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by mechanical classifiers
    • B03B5/52—Spiral classifiers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
    • B03B9/061—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse the refuse being industrial
    • B03B9/065—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse the refuse being industrial the refuse being building rubble
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B11/00—Feed or discharge devices integral with washing or wet-separating equipment
    • B03B2011/008—Screw dischargers

Definitions

  • the invention aims at a machine for the recovery of materials from waste, particularly waste such as debris and clearing, for use in screeds, road bases, roads, etc.
  • the Spanish utility model No. 200401407 is known for «Device for separating heterogeneous mixtures of materials according to their densities with respect to that of a fluid.».
  • This device comprises a tank in which water is preferably disposed and in which two conveyor belts are partially submerged: a first belt is used to lift from the bottom of the tank the material of higher density or decanted material and its transport to a reception area, while a second belt is used to transport float material to a reception area, the operation of the second conveyor belt being linked to the action of a motorized roller provided with radial blades and fixed to the tank, so that the rotation of the blades beats the surface of the liquid.
  • the machine for the recovery of materials from wastes such as debris object of the invention comprises a reservoir to contain a liquid, preferably water, and receive waste, all adapted so that the separation of materials takes place according to their density , the ones with the highest density being deposited at the bottom of the tank while the ones with the lowest density float in said liquid, with a device for extracting decanted materials and a device for extracting float materials.
  • the machine of the invention is characterized in that the device for extracting decanted materials comprises at least one Archimex screw arranged so that one end thereof or initial end is arranged at the bottom of the tank, so that the rotation of the screw (s ) produces the transport of the decanted materials from said bottom to a reception area of decanted materials, and because the device for extracting floated materials comprises a plurality of brushes fixed to an endless conveyor and adapted so that each of them produces the sweeping of float materials from the surface of the liquid to a reception area of float materials.
  • the characteristics described above of the machine of the invention provide an innovative solution to the previously described drawbacks presented by the known embodiments of material recovery devices.
  • the fact that the machine of the invention uses an Archimedean screw for the extraction of the bottom of the tank of decanted materials provides an extraordinary simplification of the extraction operations with respect to the use of conveyor belts, which by their very nature require of facilities of greater complexity and size.
  • the arrangement of the Archimedean screw of the machine of the invention allows the removal of decanted materials of reduced grain size, for example up to 1 mm.
  • the bottom of the tank of the machine of the invention has a configuration that, adapted to the Archimedean screw it contains, greatly facilitates cleaning and maintenance operations, since it greatly limits the accumulation of decanted materials , unlike the use of conveyor belts that, due to their configuration, prevent adequate extraction of decanted material from the bottom of the tank.
  • Also characteristic of the invention is the fact that the extraction of Terial decanted from the bottom of the tank by means of an Archimede screw allows several configurations of the machine.
  • a single Archimetic screw can be used so that its end is higher than the initial end.
  • Another possible configuration consists of a first horizontally arranged Archimex screw whose end end is coupled to the initial end of a second Archimex screw arranged so that its end end is at a higher height than that of the initial end.
  • Another possible configuration consists of a first horizontally arranged Archimex screw and a second Archimex screw arranged below the first screw, all adapted so that the second screw at its initial end receives the decanted materials transported by the first screw, its final end being higher than the initial end.
  • the general shape of the tank having its bottom has a circumferential contour and both the bottom of the tank and the housing of the Archimetic screw (s) are totally or partially covered with a highly material wear resistant due to friction.
  • the machine of the invention is also characterized in that the tank comprises an inclined load plane adapted so that from a waste loading area they slide by gravity to the interior of the tank, and a discharge plane on which the float materials are transported by sweeping and extending between the deposit and a reception area of float materials.
  • the device for extracting decanted materials allows the extraction and transport of decanted material with granulometry of approximately 1 mm to 250 mm.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of a first embodiment of the machine of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic rear view of the first embodiment of the machine of the invention
  • Figs. 3 and 4 are respective schematic representations of a second and third embodiment of the machine of the invention.
  • a first embodiment, which is the preferred embodiment, of the machine for the recovery of materials from wastes object of the invention has been schematically represented.
  • the machine of the invention comprises a tank 1, a device for extracting decanted materials 2 and a device for extracting floated materials 3, all supported by a braced frame 4.
  • the tank 1 which It is preferably constructed from sheet steel, has a general V shape with a bottom 5 of circumferential contour.
  • the tank 1 is provided with an inclined load plane 6 adapted to receive waste materials 7 from a crusher or mill, and has a slope that allows the waste materials 7 to slide through it in the direction indicated as A towards the inside of the tank 1.
  • the tank 1 is preferably filled with water 10, so that upon receiving the load of waste material 7 the low density materials, such as wood, plastics, etc., remain floating on the surface 11, hereinafter referred to as float material 8, as high density materials, such as stones, rubble, etc. they are deposited in the bottom of the tank 1, hereinafter designated as decanted material 9.
  • the device for extracting decanted material 2 comprises an Archimex screw 12 arranged in a housing 13 open at its upper part.
  • the screw 12 is driven by an assembly formed by an electric motor and a speed reducer 14, and has its initial end 15 arranged at the bottom of the tank 1, while its end end 16 is at a higher height than that of the initial end 15.
  • the initial end 15 of the Archimedean screw 12 receives the decanted material 9 and carries it in the direction indicated as B in Fig. 1 to its final end 16 where it is discharged through an opening 17 made in the housing 13, said discharge occurring in an area not shown adapted to receive the decanted material 9.
  • the bottom of the tank 1 and the bottom of the housing 13 are provided with respective coatings 18 of material highly resistant to friction wear, preferably steel material with a hardness of the order of 400 HB.
  • the device for extracting float materials 3 comprises a plurality of brushes 19 fixed transversely to an endless conveyor 20 driven by an assembly formed by an electric motor and a speed reducer 31 represented in Fig. 1, and a discharge plane 21 of float material 8 arranged coupled to the reservoir 1 and forming a certain ascending angle that places its end end 24 at a higher height than that of the initial end 25 located flush with the surface 11 of the water 10.
  • the endless conveyor 20 comprises a drive roller 22, to which said electromotor and speed reducer assembly 31 is coupled, and two guide rollers 23, all of which are adapted so that in the path followed by the brushes 19 three are defined well-defined sections: a first section parallel to the surface 11 of the water 10 of the tank 1; a second section parallel to the discharge plane 21 of float material ⁇ ; and a third section of return or closure.
  • the brushes 19 are sized so that they have an amplitude that corresponds to that of the tank 1, as shown in Fig. 1, and a height that during its passage through said first section parallel to the surface 11 of the water 10 its ends exteriors are partially submerged, while during their passage through said second section parallel to the discharge plane 21 they remain in contact with it.
  • each of the brushes 19 proceeds to the scanning of float material 8 from the surface 11 of the water 10 to the end end 24 of the discharge plane 21 where the discharge of the float material occurs in an area not shown.
  • a second embodiment of the machine of the invention is shown schematically, which differs from the first embodiment described above by the fact that it comprises a first Archimetic screw 26 arranged horizontally coupled by means of a gimbal mechanism. 27 with a second Archimetic screw 28.
  • a third embodiment of the machine of the invention is schematically represented which differs from the first embodiment described above by comprising a first horizontally arranged Archimex screw 29 and a second Archimex screw 30 arranged by under the first and adapted to receive by gravity the decanted material transported by the first screw 29.

Landscapes

  • Screw Conveyors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a machine comprising a store (1) for containing a liquid (10), preferably water, and for receiving waste (7) such as rubble, excavated material, etc., the machine being designed such that materials can be separated according to the density thereof, those with a higher density being deposited on the bottom (5) of the store (1) while those having a lower density float in the liquid. Said machine also comprises a device for extracting settled materials (2), provided with at least one Archimedes screw (12, 26, 28, 29, 30) arranged such that an end thereof or first end (15) thereof is on the bottom (5) of the store (1), and a device for extracting floating materials (3), comprising a plurality of brushes (19) fixed to a worm conveyor (20). The invention can be used for the recovery of materials to be reused in inverts or path foundations.

Description

MÁQUINA PARA LA RECUPERACIÓN DE MATERIALES A PARTIR DE DESECHOS MACHINE FOR THE RECOVERY OF MATERIALS FROM WASTE

Descripción:Description:

Sector técnico de Ia invenciónTechnical sector of the invention

La invención tiene por objeto una máquina para Ia recuperación de materiales a partir de desechos, particularmente desechos tales como escombros y desmontes, para su utilización en soleras, bases de caminos, carreteras, etc.The invention aims at a machine for the recovery of materials from waste, particularly waste such as debris and clearing, for use in screeds, road bases, roads, etc.

Antecedentes de Ia invenciónBackground of the invention

Son conocidas realizaciones de máquinas destinadas a Ia recuperación de materiales a partir de escombros. En síntesis, dichas máquinas tienen por objeto separar materiales tales como maderas y plásticos de los escombros, a fin de que el resto de mate- ríales que los componen puedan ser reutilizados.Realizations of machines for the recovery of materials from debris are known. In summary, these machines are intended to separate materials such as wood and plastics from the rubble, so that the rest of the materials that compose them can be reused.

Es conocido el modelo de utilidad español No. 200401407 por « Dispositivo para separar mezclas heterogéneas de materiales según sus densidades respecto a Ia de un fluido.» . Este dispositivo comprende una cuba en Ia que se dispone preferentemente agua y en Ia que se encuentran sumergidas parcialmente dos cintas transportadoras: una primera cinta se destina a Ia elevación desde el fondo de Ia cuba del material de mayor densidad o material decantado y su transporte hasta una zona de recepción, en tanto que una segunda cinta se destina al transporte de material flotado hasta una zona de recepción, estando vinculado el funcionamiento de Ia segunda cinta transportadora a Ia acción de un rodillo motorizado provisto de aspas radiales y fijado a Ia cuba, de modo que el giro de las palas bate Ia superficie del líquido.The Spanish utility model No. 200401407 is known for «Device for separating heterogeneous mixtures of materials according to their densities with respect to that of a fluid.». This device comprises a tank in which water is preferably disposed and in which two conveyor belts are partially submerged: a first belt is used to lift from the bottom of the tank the material of higher density or decanted material and its transport to a reception area, while a second belt is used to transport float material to a reception area, the operation of the second conveyor belt being linked to the action of a motorized roller provided with radial blades and fixed to the tank, so that the rotation of the blades beats the surface of the liquid.

Las realizaciones conocidas de máquinas como las antes descritas tienen como inconvenientes el estar constituidas por un elevado número de mecanismos que encarecen los costes de producción y mantenimiento, además de una acentuada limitación en cuanto a Ia extracción de material decantado de reducida granulometría y una confi- guración de Ia cuba que requiere el permanente acceso a su interior para operaciones de limpieza y de mantenimiento. Explicación de Ia invenciónKnown embodiments of machines such as those described above have the disadvantages of being constituted by a high number of mechanisms that increase production and maintenance costs, in addition to an accentuated limitation as regards the extraction of decanted material of reduced particle size and a confi Configuration of the tank that requires permanent access to its interior for cleaning and maintenance operations. Explanation of the invention

La máquina para Ia recuperación de materiales a partir de desechos tales como escombros objeto de Ia invención comprende un depósito para contener un líquido, preferentemente agua, y recibir desechos, todo ello adaptado de modo que se produce Ia separación de materiales en función de su densidad, depositándose los de mayor densidad en el fondo del depósito en tanto que los de menor densidad flotan en dicho líquido, disponiéndose un dispositivo de extracción de materiales decantados y un dispositivo de extracción de materiales flotados.The machine for the recovery of materials from wastes such as debris object of the invention comprises a reservoir to contain a liquid, preferably water, and receive waste, all adapted so that the separation of materials takes place according to their density , the ones with the highest density being deposited at the bottom of the tank while the ones with the lowest density float in said liquid, with a device for extracting decanted materials and a device for extracting float materials.

La máquina de Ia invención se caracteriza porque el dispositivo de extracción de materiales decantados comprende como mínimo un tornillo de Arquímides dispuesto de modo que un extremo del mismo o extremo inicial queda dispuesto en el fondo del depósito, de modo que el giro del tornillo(s) produce el transporte de los materiales decantados desde dicho fondo hasta una zona de recepción de materiales decantados, y porque el dispositivo de extracción de materiales flotados comprende una pluralidad de cepillos fijados a un transportador sinfín y adaptados de modo que cada uno de ellos produce el barrido de materiales flotados desde Ia superficie del líquido hasta una zona de recepción de materiales flotados.The machine of the invention is characterized in that the device for extracting decanted materials comprises at least one Archimex screw arranged so that one end thereof or initial end is arranged at the bottom of the tank, so that the rotation of the screw (s ) produces the transport of the decanted materials from said bottom to a reception area of decanted materials, and because the device for extracting floated materials comprises a plurality of brushes fixed to an endless conveyor and adapted so that each of them produces the sweeping of float materials from the surface of the liquid to a reception area of float materials.

Las características antes descritas de Ia máquina de Ia invención aportan una innovadora solución a los inconvenientes antes descritos que presentan las realiza- ciones conocidas de dispositivos de recuperación de materiales. En efecto, el hecho de que Ia máquina de Ia invención utilice un tornillo de Arquímides para Ia extracción del fondo de Ia cuba de materiales decantados proporciona una extraordinaria simplificación de las operaciones de extracción respecto del uso de cintas transportadoras, que por su propia naturaleza requieren de instalaciones de mayor complejidad y en- vergadura. Además Ia disposición de tornillo de Arquímides de Ia máquina de Ia invención permite Ia extracción de materiales decantados de reducida granulometría, por ejemplo de hasta 1 mm. Por otro lado, el fondo del depósito de Ia máquina de Ia invención presenta una configuración que, adaptada al tornillo de Arquímides que contiene, facilita en gran medida las operaciones de limpieza y de mantenimiento, ya que limita en gran medida Ia acumulación de materiales decantados, a diferencia del uso de cintas transportadoras que por su configuración impiden una adecuada extracción del material decantado del fondo del depósito.The characteristics described above of the machine of the invention provide an innovative solution to the previously described drawbacks presented by the known embodiments of material recovery devices. In fact, the fact that the machine of the invention uses an Archimedean screw for the extraction of the bottom of the tank of decanted materials provides an extraordinary simplification of the extraction operations with respect to the use of conveyor belts, which by their very nature require of facilities of greater complexity and size. In addition, the arrangement of the Archimedean screw of the machine of the invention allows the removal of decanted materials of reduced grain size, for example up to 1 mm. On the other hand, the bottom of the tank of the machine of the invention has a configuration that, adapted to the Archimedean screw it contains, greatly facilitates cleaning and maintenance operations, since it greatly limits the accumulation of decanted materials , unlike the use of conveyor belts that, due to their configuration, prevent adequate extraction of decanted material from the bottom of the tank.

Es también característico de Ia invención el hecho de que Ia extracción de ma- terial decantado del fondo del depósito mediante un tornillo de Arquímides permite varias configuraciones de Ia máquina. Así puede utilizarse un único tornillo de Arquímides dispuesto de modo que su extremo final está a mayor altura que Ia del extremo inicial. Otra configuración posible consiste en un primer tornillo de Arquímides dis- puesto horizontalmente cuyo extremo final está acoplado al extremo inicial de un segundo tornillo de Arquimides dispuesto de modo que su extremo final está a mayor altura que Ia del extremo inicial. Otra posible configuración consiste en un primer tornillo de Arquímides dispuesto horizontalmente y un segundo tornillo de Arquímides dispuesto por debajo del primer tornillo, todo ello adaptado de modo que el segundo tor- nillo por su extremo inicial recibe los materiales decantados transportados por el primer tornillo, quedando su extremo final a mayor altura que Ia del extremo inicial.Also characteristic of the invention is the fact that the extraction of Terial decanted from the bottom of the tank by means of an Archimede screw allows several configurations of the machine. Thus, a single Archimetic screw can be used so that its end is higher than the initial end. Another possible configuration consists of a first horizontally arranged Archimex screw whose end end is coupled to the initial end of a second Archimex screw arranged so that its end end is at a higher height than that of the initial end. Another possible configuration consists of a first horizontally arranged Archimex screw and a second Archimex screw arranged below the first screw, all adapted so that the second screw at its initial end receives the decanted materials transported by the first screw, its final end being higher than the initial end.

De acuerdo con otra característica de Ia invención, teniendo el depósito forma general de V su fondo tiene un contorno circunferencial y tanto el fondo del depósito como el del alojamiento del tornillo(s) de Arquímides están recubiertos total o parcial- mente de un material altamente resistente al desgaste por fricción.According to another feature of the invention, the general shape of the tank having its bottom has a circumferential contour and both the bottom of the tank and the housing of the Archimetic screw (s) are totally or partially covered with a highly material wear resistant due to friction.

La máquina de Ia invención también se caracteriza porque el depósito comprende un plano inclinado de carga adaptado para que desde una zona de carga de desechos éstos deslicen por gravedad hasta el interior del depósito, y un plano de descarga sobre el que son transportados los materiales flotados por barrido y que se extiende entre el depósito y una zona de recepción de materiales flotados.The machine of the invention is also characterized in that the tank comprises an inclined load plane adapted so that from a waste loading area they slide by gravity to the interior of the tank, and a discharge plane on which the float materials are transported by sweeping and extending between the deposit and a reception area of float materials.

Según otra característica de Ia invención, el dispositivo de extracción de materiales decantados permite Ia extracción y transporte de material decantado con granu- lometría de aproximadamente 1 mm hasta 250 mm.According to another characteristic of the invention, the device for extracting decanted materials allows the extraction and transport of decanted material with granulometry of approximately 1 mm to 250 mm.

Breve descripción de los dibujos.Brief description of the drawings.

En las figuras de las hojas de dibujos aparecen representados a título de ejemplo no limitativo, tres modos de realización de Ia máquina para Ia recuperación de materiales a partir de desechos objeto de Ia invención. En dichas figuras:In the figures of the drawing sheets, three embodiments of the machine for the recovery of materials from waste object of the invention are represented by way of non-limiting example. In these figures:

Ia Fig. 1, es una vista de lado esquemática de un primer modo de realización de Ia má- quina de Ia invención;Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of a first embodiment of the machine of the invention;

Ia Figs. 2 es una vista posterior esquemática del primer modo de realización de Ia máquina de Ia invención; y las Figs. 3 y 4 son respectivas representaciones esquemáticas de un segundo y tercer modo de realización de Ia máquina de Ia invención.Ia Figs. 2 is a schematic rear view of the first embodiment of the machine of the invention; and Figs. 3 and 4 are respective schematic representations of a second and third embodiment of the machine of the invention.

Descripción detallada de los ejemplos de realizaciónDetailed description of the embodiments

Como antes se ha indicado, en las Figs. 1 y 2 se ha representado esquemática- mente un primer modo de realización, que es el modo preferente de realización, de Ia máquina para Ia recuperación de materiales a partir de desechos objeto de Ia invención. La máquina de Ia invención comprende un depósito 1 , un dispositivo de extracción de materiales decantados 2 y un dispositivo de extracción de materiales flotados 3, todos ellos soportados mediante un armazón arriostrado 4. En Ia Fig. 2 se aprecia que el depósito 1, que es construido de preferencia a partir de chapa de acero, tiene forma general de V con un fondo 5 de contorno circunferencial. El depósito 1 está provisto de un plano inclinado de carga 6 adaptado para recibir materiales de desecho 7 procedentes de una machacadora o molino, y tiene una pendiente que permite que por gravedad los materiales de desecho 7 deslicen por el mismo en el sentido indicado como A hacia el interior del depósito 1. El depósito 1 es llenado preferentemente con agua 10, de modo que al recibir Ia carga de material de desecho 7 los materiales de baja densidad, como por ejemplo madera, plásticos, etc., quedan flotando en Ia superficie 11 , designándose en Io sucesivo como material flotado 8, en tanto que los materiales de alta densidad, como por ejemplo piedras, cascotes, etc. se deposi- tan en el fondo del depósito 1 , designándose en Io sucesivo como material decantado 9. En Ia Figs. 1 y 2 se aprecia que el dispositivo de extracción de material decantado 2 comprende un tornillo de Arquímides 12 dispuesto en un alojamiento 13 abierto por su parte superior. El tornillo 12 es impulsado por un conjunto formado por un electromotor y un reductor de velocidad 14, y tiene su extremo inicial 15 dispuesto en el fondo del depósito 1 , en tanto que su extremo final 16 se encuentra a mayor altura que Ia del extremo inicial 15. El extremo inicial 15 del tornillo de Arquímides 12 recibe el material decantado 9 y Io transporta en el sentido indicado como B en Ia Fig. 1 hasta su extremo final 16 donde es descargado a través de una abertura 17 practicado en el alojamiento 13, produciéndose dicha descarga en una zona no representada adaptada para recibir el material decantado 9. En las Figs. 1 y 2 se aprecia que el fondo del depósito 1 y el fondo del alojamiento 13 están provistos de respectivos recubrimientos 18 de material altamente resistente al desgaste por fricción, preferentemente material de acero con dureza del orden de 400 HB. En Ia Fig. 2 se aprecia que el dispositivo de extracción de materiales flotados 3 comprende una pluralidad de cepillos 19 fijados tranversalmente a un transportador sinfín 20 accionado mediante un conjunto formado por un electromotor y un reductor de velocidad 31 representado en Ia Fig. 1, y un plano de descarga 21 de material flotado 8 dispuesto acoplado al depósito 1 y que forma cierto ángulo ascendente que sitúa su extremo final 24 a mayor altura que Ia del extremo inicial 25 situado al ras de Ia superficie 11 del agua 10.As indicated above, in Figs. 1 and 2 a first embodiment, which is the preferred embodiment, of the machine for the recovery of materials from wastes object of the invention has been schematically represented. The machine of the invention comprises a tank 1, a device for extracting decanted materials 2 and a device for extracting floated materials 3, all supported by a braced frame 4. In Fig. 2 it can be seen that the tank 1, which It is preferably constructed from sheet steel, has a general V shape with a bottom 5 of circumferential contour. The tank 1 is provided with an inclined load plane 6 adapted to receive waste materials 7 from a crusher or mill, and has a slope that allows the waste materials 7 to slide through it in the direction indicated as A towards the inside of the tank 1. The tank 1 is preferably filled with water 10, so that upon receiving the load of waste material 7 the low density materials, such as wood, plastics, etc., remain floating on the surface 11, hereinafter referred to as float material 8, as high density materials, such as stones, rubble, etc. they are deposited in the bottom of the tank 1, hereinafter designated as decanted material 9. In Figs. 1 and 2 it can be seen that the device for extracting decanted material 2 comprises an Archimex screw 12 arranged in a housing 13 open at its upper part. The screw 12 is driven by an assembly formed by an electric motor and a speed reducer 14, and has its initial end 15 arranged at the bottom of the tank 1, while its end end 16 is at a higher height than that of the initial end 15. The initial end 15 of the Archimedean screw 12 receives the decanted material 9 and carries it in the direction indicated as B in Fig. 1 to its final end 16 where it is discharged through an opening 17 made in the housing 13, said discharge occurring in an area not shown adapted to receive the decanted material 9. In Figs. 1 and 2 it can be seen that the bottom of the tank 1 and the bottom of the housing 13 are provided with respective coatings 18 of material highly resistant to friction wear, preferably steel material with a hardness of the order of 400 HB. In Fig. 2 it can be seen that the device for extracting float materials 3 comprises a plurality of brushes 19 fixed transversely to an endless conveyor 20 driven by an assembly formed by an electric motor and a speed reducer 31 represented in Fig. 1, and a discharge plane 21 of float material 8 arranged coupled to the reservoir 1 and forming a certain ascending angle that places its end end 24 at a higher height than that of the initial end 25 located flush with the surface 11 of the water 10.

El transportador sinfín 20 comprende un rodillo impulsor 22, al que está acoplado dicho conjunto de electromotor y reductor de velocidad 31 , y dos rodillos guía 23, estan- do todo ello adaptado de modo que en el recorrido que siguen los cepillos 19 se definen tres tramos bien definidos: un primer tramo paralelo a Ia superficie 11 del agua 10 del depósito 1 ; un segundo tramo paralelo al plano de descarga 21 de material flotado δ; y un tercer tramo de retorno o cierre. Los cepillos 19 están dimensionados de modo que tienen una amplitud que se corresponde con Ia del depósito 1 , como se aprecia en Ia Fig. 1 , y una altura que durante su paso por dicho primer tramo paralelo a Ia superficie 11 del agua 10 sus extremos exteriores quedan parcialmente sumergidos, en tanto que durante su paso por dicho segundo tramo paralelo al plano de descarga 21 quedan en contacto con el mismo. Todo ello está adaptado de modo que el giro del transportador sinfín 20 en el sentido indicado como C en Ia Fig. 2, cada uno de los cepillos 19 procede al barrido de material flotado 8 desde Ia superficie 11 del agua 10 hasta el extremo final 24 del plano de descarga 21 donde se produce Ia descarga del material flotado en una zona no representada.The endless conveyor 20 comprises a drive roller 22, to which said electromotor and speed reducer assembly 31 is coupled, and two guide rollers 23, all of which are adapted so that in the path followed by the brushes 19 three are defined well-defined sections: a first section parallel to the surface 11 of the water 10 of the tank 1; a second section parallel to the discharge plane 21 of float material δ; and a third section of return or closure. The brushes 19 are sized so that they have an amplitude that corresponds to that of the tank 1, as shown in Fig. 1, and a height that during its passage through said first section parallel to the surface 11 of the water 10 its ends exteriors are partially submerged, while during their passage through said second section parallel to the discharge plane 21 they remain in contact with it. All this is adapted so that the rotation of the endless conveyor 20 in the direction indicated as C in Fig. 2, each of the brushes 19 proceeds to the scanning of float material 8 from the surface 11 of the water 10 to the end end 24 of the discharge plane 21 where the discharge of the float material occurs in an area not shown.

En Ia Fig. 3 se ha representado esquemáticamente un segundo modo de realización de Ia máquina de Ia invención que difiere del primer ejemplo de realización antes descrito por el hecho de comprender un primer tornillo de Arquímides 26 dispuesto hori- zontalmente acoplado mediante un mecanismo de cardán 27 con un segundo tornillo de Arquímides 28.In Fig. 3 a second embodiment of the machine of the invention is shown schematically, which differs from the first embodiment described above by the fact that it comprises a first Archimetic screw 26 arranged horizontally coupled by means of a gimbal mechanism. 27 with a second Archimetic screw 28.

En Ia Fig. 4 se ha representado esquemáticamente un tercer modo de realización de Ia máquina de Ia invención que difiere del primer ejemplo de realización antes descri- to por comprender un primer tornillo de Arquímides 29 dispuesto horizontalmente y un segundo tornillo de Arquímides 30 dispuesto por debajo del primero y adaptado para recibir por gravedad el material decantado transportado por el primer tornillo 29. In Fig. 4 a third embodiment of the machine of the invention is schematically represented which differs from the first embodiment described above by comprising a first horizontally arranged Archimex screw 29 and a second Archimex screw 30 arranged by under the first and adapted to receive by gravity the decanted material transported by the first screw 29.

Claims

- S -Reivindicaciones: - S-Claims: 1. Máquina para Ia recuperación de materiales a partir de desechos tales como escombros, que comprende un depósito (1) para contener un líquido (10), preferen- temente agua, y para recibir desechos (7), todo ello adaptado de modo que se produce Ia separación de materiales en función de su densidad, depositándose los de mayor densidad en el fondo (5) del depósito (1) en tanto que los de menor densidad flotan en dicho líquido, disponiéndose un dispositivo de extracción de materiales decantados (2) y un dispositivo de extracción de materiales flotados (3), que se caracteriza porque,1. Machine for the recovery of materials from wastes such as debris, comprising a reservoir (1) for containing a liquid (10), preferably water, and for receiving waste (7), all adapted so that The separation of materials is produced as a function of their density, with the highest density being deposited in the bottom (5) of the tank (1) while the ones with the lowest density float in said liquid, with a device for extracting decanted materials (2). ) and a device for extracting float materials (3), characterized in that, - el dispositivo de extracción de materiales decantados (2) comprende como mínimo un tornillo de Arquímides (12, 26, 28, 29, 30) dispuesto de modo que un extremo del mismo o extremo inicial (15) queda dispuesto en el fondo (5) del depósito (1), de modo que el giro del tornillo(s) produce el transporte de los materiales decan- tados (θ) desde dicho fondo (5) hasta una zona de recepción de materiales decantados, y porque- the device for extracting decanted materials (2) comprises at least one Archimex screw (12, 26, 28, 29, 30) arranged so that one end thereof or initial end (15) is arranged at the bottom (5 ) of the tank (1), so that the rotation of the screw (s) causes the transport of the decanted materials (θ) from said bottom (5) to a reception area of decanted materials, and because - el dispositivo de extracción de materiales flotados (3) comprende una pluralidad de cepillos (19) fijados a un transportador sinfín (20) y adaptados de modo que cada uno de ellos produce el barrido de materiales flotados (8) desde Ia superficie (11) del líquido (10) hasta una zona de recepción de materiales flotados.- the device for extracting float materials (3) comprises a plurality of brushes (19) fixed to an endless conveyor (20) and adapted so that each of them produces the sweep of float materials (8) from the surface (11 ) of the liquid (10) to a reception area of float materials. 2. Máquina para Ia recuperación de materiales según Ia reivindicación 1, que se caracteriza por comprender un tornillo de Arquímides (12) dispuesto de modo que su extremo final (16) está a mayor altura que Ia del extremo inicial (15).2. Machine for the recovery of materials according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises an Archimex screw (12) arranged so that its end end (16) is at a higher height than that of the initial end (15). 3. Máquina para Ia recuperación de materiales según Ia reivindicación 1 , que se caracteriza por comprender un primer tornillo de Arquímides (26) dispuesto hori- zontalmente cuyo extremo final está acoplado al extremo inicial de un segundo tornillo de Arquimides (28) dispuesto de modo que su extremo final está a mayor altura que Ia del extremo inicial.3. Machine for the recovery of materials according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a first Archimetic screw (26) arranged horizontally whose end end is coupled to the initial end of a second Archimetic screw (28) arranged so that its final end is higher than that of the initial end. 4. Máquina para Ia recuperación de materiales según Ia reivindicación 1 , que se caracteriza por comprender un primer tornillo de Arquímides (29) dispuesto hori- zontalmente y un segundo tornillo de Arquímides (30) dispuesto por debajo del primer tornillo (29), todo ello adaptado de modo que el segundo tornillo (30) por su extremo inicial recibe los materiales decantados transportados por el primer tornillo (29), que- dando su extremo final a mayor altura que Ia del extremo inicial.4. Machine for the recovery of materials according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a first Archimex screw (29) arranged horizontally and a second Archimetic screw (30) arranged below the first screw (29), all this adapted so that the second screw (30) at its initial end receives the decanted materials transported by the first screw (29), which- giving its final end higher than the initial end. 5. Máquina para Ia recuperación de materiales según Ia reivindicación 1 , que se caracteriza porque el dispositivo de extracción de materiales flotados (3) comprende un plano de descarga (21) sobre el que son transportados por barrido los materia- les flotados (8) y que se extiende entre el depósito (1) y una zona de recepción de materiales flotados.5. Machine for the recovery of materials according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for extracting floated materials (3) comprises a discharge plane (21) on which the floated materials (8) are transported by sweeping and that extends between the reservoir (1) and a reception area for float materials. 6. Máquina para Ia recuperación de materiales según Ia reivindicación 1 , que se caracteriza porque el depósito (1) comprende un plano inclinado de carga (6) adaptado para que desde una zona de carga de desechos éstos deslicen por gravedad hasta el interior del depósito (1).6. Machine for the recovery of materials according to claim 1, characterized in that the tank (1) comprises an inclined load plane (6) adapted so that from a waste loading area they slide by gravity to the inside of the tank (one). 7. Máquina para Ia recuperación de materiales según Ia reivindicación 1 , que se caracteriza porque teniendo el depósito (1) una sección de forma general de V su fondo (5) tiene un contorno circunferencial.7. Machine for the recovery of materials according to claim 1, characterized in that the tank (1) having a general section of V its bottom (5) has a circumferential contour. 8. Máquina para Ia recuperación de materiales según Ia reivindicación 1 , que se caracteriza porque el fondo (5) del depósito (1) y el del alojamiento(s) (13) del tor- nillo(s) de Arquímides (12) está recubierto total o parcialmente de un material altamente resistente al desgaste por fricción (18).8. Machine for the recovery of materials according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom (5) of the tank (1) and that of the housing (s) (13) of the screw (s) of Archimedes (12) is fully or partially coated with a material highly resistant to friction wear (18). 9. Máquina para Ia recuperación de materiales según Ia reivindicación 1 , que se caracteriza porque el dispositivo de extracción permite Ia extracción y transporte de material decantado (9) con granulometría de 1 mm hasta 250 mm. 9. Machine for the recovery of materials according to claim 1, characterized in that the extraction device allows the extraction and transport of decanted material (9) with granulometry of 1 mm to 250 mm.
PCT/ES2008/000258 2007-04-20 2008-04-17 Machine for recovering materials from waste Ceased WO2008129101A1 (en)

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ES200701062A ES2310474B1 (en) 2007-04-20 2007-04-20 MACHINE FOR THE RECOVERY OF MATERIALS FROM WASTE.
ESP200701062 2007-04-20

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WO2008129101A1 true WO2008129101A1 (en) 2008-10-30

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2933187A (en) * 1956-08-21 1960-04-19 Southern Lightweight Aggregate Method and apparatus for flotation separation of lightweight aggregate and product
US4617112A (en) * 1984-10-31 1986-10-14 M.A. Industries, Inc. Thermal gravity classifying apparatus and method
EP0228724A2 (en) * 1985-12-19 1987-07-15 DANECO DANIELI ECOLOGIA SpA Separator for aggregate
EP0634220A1 (en) * 1993-07-14 1995-01-18 Andreas Wagner Device for separating building rubble by the sink-float process
ES2084113T3 (en) * 1990-08-01 1996-05-01 Sviluppo Settori Impiego Srl PROCEDURE AND APPARATUS TO SEPARATE PLASTIC MATERIAL HETEROGENEO IN HOMOGENEOUS FRACTIONS.
DE19507703C1 (en) * 1995-03-04 1996-08-08 Horst Beyer Material mixt. sink-swim sepn. process and device
EP1038581A1 (en) * 1999-03-22 2000-09-27 Eco-Bat S.p.A. Equipment and process to make separations and reactions among solids in aqueous suspensions and/or among liquids and solids
ES1057852U (en) * 2004-06-10 2004-10-01 Jesus Sanchez Torres Device for separating heterogeneous mixtures of materials according to their densities relative to that of a fluid. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2933187A (en) * 1956-08-21 1960-04-19 Southern Lightweight Aggregate Method and apparatus for flotation separation of lightweight aggregate and product
US4617112A (en) * 1984-10-31 1986-10-14 M.A. Industries, Inc. Thermal gravity classifying apparatus and method
EP0228724A2 (en) * 1985-12-19 1987-07-15 DANECO DANIELI ECOLOGIA SpA Separator for aggregate
ES2084113T3 (en) * 1990-08-01 1996-05-01 Sviluppo Settori Impiego Srl PROCEDURE AND APPARATUS TO SEPARATE PLASTIC MATERIAL HETEROGENEO IN HOMOGENEOUS FRACTIONS.
EP0634220A1 (en) * 1993-07-14 1995-01-18 Andreas Wagner Device for separating building rubble by the sink-float process
DE19507703C1 (en) * 1995-03-04 1996-08-08 Horst Beyer Material mixt. sink-swim sepn. process and device
EP1038581A1 (en) * 1999-03-22 2000-09-27 Eco-Bat S.p.A. Equipment and process to make separations and reactions among solids in aqueous suspensions and/or among liquids and solids
ES1057852U (en) * 2004-06-10 2004-10-01 Jesus Sanchez Torres Device for separating heterogeneous mixtures of materials according to their densities relative to that of a fluid. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

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