WO2008113928A2 - Method an apparatus for providing nitrogen - Google Patents
Method an apparatus for providing nitrogen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008113928A2 WO2008113928A2 PCT/FR2008/050262 FR2008050262W WO2008113928A2 WO 2008113928 A2 WO2008113928 A2 WO 2008113928A2 FR 2008050262 W FR2008050262 W FR 2008050262W WO 2008113928 A2 WO2008113928 A2 WO 2008113928A2
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- nitrogen
- customer
- threshold
- nitrogen gas
- liquid
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/044—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a single pressure main column system only
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04254—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using the cold stored in external cryogenic fluids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
- F25J3/04812—Different modes, i.e. "runs" of operation
- F25J3/04836—Variable air feed, i.e. "load" or product demand during specified periods, e.g. during periods with high respectively low power costs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
- F25J2210/42—Nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
- F25J2245/42—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
- F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
- F25J2250/42—One fluid being nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/10—Mathematical formulae, modeling, plot or curves; Design methods
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/62—Details of storing a fluid in a tank
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for supplying nitrogen. It is common to provide a nitrogen customer by means of a gas generating apparatus, such as a cryogenic air distillation apparatus, as well as a storage of nitrogen which provides nitrogen gas which supplies the customer. when the cryogenic apparatus is out of order and / or fails to produce all the required flow rate.
- a gas generating apparatus such as a cryogenic air distillation apparatus
- the gas generator apparatus is operated only when it is more economical than using a gas storage (in gaseous or liquid form) to provide a customer.
- a gas generator A in particular for the units present on the site of a customer, is generally coupled to a "bulk” emergency supply means B ( liquid with evaporator or gas).
- the generator is always able to supply the customer via lines C, E.
- the means of emergency supply starts and transfers nitrogen via the lines D E.
- the generator is down, the emergency supply means takes over.
- the generator In this operating mode, the generator is running regardless of the customer's consumption. In the phases of low consumption of the customer compared to the nominal of the generator, the energy consumption and therefore the production cost are not optimal.
- FIG. 3 This operation according to the prior art is illustrated in FIG. 3.
- the customer consumes 20 Nm 3 / h of nitrogen, this flow being supplied entirely by distillation of air in a single-column, bubbled separation apparatus.
- the output of the apparatus increases accordingly to 40 and then 100 Nm 3 / h at the times 10 hours and 20 hours respectively.
- the separation device continues to produce its maximum flow rate of 100 Nm 3 / h, the remainder being supplied by nitrogen spraying stored to produce a flow rate of 50 Nm 3 / h.
- a method of supplying nitrogen by means of an apparatus for producing nitrogen gas by separation of air and by vaporization of liquid nitrogen in which: a) if the needs the customer's nitrogen gas is below a first threshold, the customer is provided with nitrogen exclusively by vaporization of liquid nitrogen b) if the customer's nitrogen gas requirements are greater than a second threshold, the second threshold being higher than the first threshold the customer is provided with nitrogen at least partially by the nitrogen generating apparatus.
- the customer's nitrogen requirements exceed a third threshold, higher than the second threshold, the customer is partially supplied by the nitrogen generator and partly by liquid nitrogen spraying;
- the customer's needs are between the second and the third threshold and the customer is provided solely by the nitrogen generator;
- the customer is provided with nitrogen only by the nitrogen generator
- At least one of the first, second and third thresholds is variable according to the price of electricity and / or the price of liquid nitrogen and / or the amount of liquid nitrogen in a storage connected to the vaporization means and / or the rate of change of the amount of liquid nitrogen in the storage;
- the nitrogen generating apparatus produces nitrogen gas with a substantially constant flow rate and a) if the customer's nitrogen gas requirements are lower than the substantially constant flow rate, the excess nitrogen gas portion is discharged to the atmosphere and the remaining nitrogen gas is sent to the customer b) if the customer's nitrogen gas requirements are greater than or equal to the substantially constant flow rate, all the nitrogen gas flow is sent to the customer
- the apparatus for producing nitrogen gas is a cryogenic air distillation apparatus and optionally liquid nitrogen is sent to the apparatus for producing nitrogen gas to participate in maintaining it in cold.
- a device for supplying nitrogen gas comprising an apparatus for producing nitrogen gas by separation of air, a liquid nitrogen vaporizer, a storage, means for supplying the liquid nitrogen, liquid nitrogen vaporizer by the storage, means for sending nitrogen gas from the production apparatus to the customer, means for sending nitrogen gas from the vaporizer to the customer and means for regulating at least one of the flow rates nitrogen gas sent to the customer according to the price of electricity and / or the price of liquid nitrogen and / or the amount of liquid nitrogen in the storage and / or the rate of change of the quantity of liquid nitrogen in the storage.
- the apparatus for producing nitrogen gas is a cryogenic air distillation apparatus.
- Figure 2 illustrates a nitrogen supply apparatus according to the invention.
- Figure 4 is a graph illustrating the mode of operation of this apparatus with the method according to the invention.
- the generator When its demand exceeds a certain value, the generator erases the "bulk” supply. This value is defined so that the cost of Generation by the generator becomes more economical than “bulk” supply. It depends on the cost of energy and the cost of bulk.
- the "bulk” completes the production of the generator to provide the customer.
- the customer consumes 20 Nm 3 / h of nitrogen, this flow being supplied entirely by vaporization of nitrogen coming from a storage (or possibly by the arrival of nitrogen gas from network).
- the customer's consumption then increases to 40 Nm 3 / h at 10 o'clock, the nitrogen vaporization stops completely, the production of the distillation apparatus consequently starts at 40 Nm 3 / h and reaches 100 Nm 3 / h after 8 pm
- the separation device continues to produce its maximum flow rate of 100 Nm 3 / h, the rest being supplied by vaporization of nitrogen stored to produce a flow rate of 50 Nm 3 / h.
- the nitrogen production by vaporization stops and the production of nitrogen by the distillation apparatus is lowered to 80 Nm 3 / h. Then to track the customer's consumption, the production level of the device is reduced to 40 Nm 3 / h. Beyond this value, the air distillation is stopped and to provide the low consumption of the customer at 20 Nm 3 / h, the vaporization of liquid nitrogen is restarted.
- the air separation apparatus can produce, for values between 40 and 100 Nm 3 / h, the exact consumption desired according to the invention.
- a complete set 6 comprises a storage of liquid nitrogen 1 and at least the cold box 9 of the cryogenic generator.
- the gas generator is constituted by a simple air separation column, inside a cold box 9, producing nitrogen gas 11 at the top of the column.
- An expander 7 placed on the pipe 3 of liquid expands the liquid intended for the vaporizer 5.
- An optional connection of liquid nitrogen 8 to the cold box 9 of the cryogenic generator at least partially ensures the maintenance of cold generator by biberonnage.
- the storage is also connected to the vaporizer 5 by the pipe 3.
- the vaporizer is connected to the customer via a pipe 18.
- liquid 3 is withdrawn from the storage 1, is expanded in the expander 7, and then vaporized (and warmed to room temperature) in the vaporization system 5.
- the cold box 9 does not does not work.
- the gas from the cold box 9 is sent into the customer network through line 11. No liquid flow from the storage is vaporized in the vaporizer 5.
- the gas is produced both by vaporization of nitrogen storage and by distillation, the two flow rates being mixed downstream of the vaporizer 5 (or possibly upstream as described in the patent application FR0752579 filed January 9, 2007).
- the gas from the cold box 9 is sent in the customer network through the pipe 11. No liquid flow from the storage is vaporized in the vaporizer 5. Between 60 and 70 hours time of Figure 4, the liquid 3 is withdrawn from the storage 1, expanded in the expander 7, and then vaporized (and warmed to room temperature) in the vaporization system 5. The cold box 9 does not work.
- the air separation apparatus produces a fixed flow with a nominal pressure of 8.3 barg (8.6 barg maxi). There is no reduced running and the air compressor of the distillation apparatus is at a fixed speed).
- the generator will be shut down if the flow actually supplied to the customer by the generator is below a threshold of flow deemed uneconomical depending on the cost of liquid nitrogen and electrical energy (for example, 20% of the nominal flow).
- This stop threshold can be parameterized via HMI.
- the discharge rate to the atmosphere is estimated using the fact that it is a function of the CV of the valve, its opening, the pressure PT, and the temperature of the gas. We then deduce the actual flow supplied by the generator to the customer, by difference of the nominal output rate of the generator and the discharge rate to the atmosphere.
- the start-up of the generator can be made necessary when the storage contains only a small amount of liquid (for example 10% of the maximum level) in the storage to increase the duration of supply to the customer (via the generator).
- the consumption of liquid nitrogen is then limited to the bottle-feeding (if there is one).
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Abstract
Description
Procédé et appareil de fourniture d'azote Method and apparatus for supplying nitrogen
La présente invention est relative à un procédé et à un appareil de fourniture d'azote. Il est commun de fournir un client en azote au moyen d'un appareil générateur de gaz, tel qu'un appareil cryogénique de distillation d'air, ainsi qu'un stockage d'azote qui fournit de l'azote gazeux qui fournit le client quand l'appareil cryogénique est en panne et/ou n'arrive pas à produire tout le débit requis.The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for supplying nitrogen. It is common to provide a nitrogen customer by means of a gas generating apparatus, such as a cryogenic air distillation apparatus, as well as a storage of nitrogen which provides nitrogen gas which supplies the customer. when the cryogenic apparatus is out of order and / or fails to produce all the required flow rate.
Selon l'invention l'appareil générateur de gaz est mis en marche uniquement lorsque cela est plus économique que d'utiliser un stockage de gaz (sous forme gazeuse ou liquide) pour fournir un client.According to the invention the gas generator apparatus is operated only when it is more economical than using a gas storage (in gaseous or liquid form) to provide a customer.
Comme montré à la Figure 1 , selon l'art antérieur, un générateur de gaz A, en particulier pour les unités présentes sur le site d'un client, est généralement couplé à un moyen de fourniture de secours B de type « vrac » (liquide avec évaporateur ou gaz).As shown in FIG. 1, according to the prior art, a gas generator A, in particular for the units present on the site of a customer, is generally coupled to a "bulk" emergency supply means B ( liquid with evaporator or gas).
Le générateur est toujours en état de fournir le client via les conduites C, E. Lorsque le client consomme plus que le nominal (100 %), le moyen de fourniture de secours se met en route et transfère de l'azote via les conduites D,E. De même, lorsque le générateur est en panne, le moyen de fourniture de secours prend le relais.The generator is always able to supply the customer via lines C, E. When the customer consumes more than the nominal (100%), the means of emergency supply starts and transfers nitrogen via the lines D E. Similarly, when the generator is down, the emergency supply means takes over.
Dans ce mode de fonctionnement, le générateur est en marche quelle que soit la consommation du client. Dans les phases de faible consommation du client par rapport au nominal du générateur, la consommation énergétique et donc le coût de production ne sont pas optimaux.In this operating mode, the generator is running regardless of the customer's consumption. In the phases of low consumption of the customer compared to the nominal of the generator, the energy consumption and therefore the production cost are not optimal.
Ce fonctionnement selon l'art antérieur est illustré à la Figure 3. Au temps 0, le client consomme 20 Nm3/h d'azote, ce débit étant fourni entièrement par distillation d'air dans un appareil de séparation à simple colonne biberonné. Au fur et à mesure que la consommation du client augmente, la production de l'appareil augmente en conséquence à 40 et ensuite 100 Nm3/h aux temps 10 heures et 20 heures respectivement. Or, quand la consommation du client atteint 150 Nm3/h, l'appareil de séparation continue de produire son débit maximal de 100 Nm3/h, le reste étant fourni par vaporisation d'azote stocké pour produire un débit de 50 Nm3/h.This operation according to the prior art is illustrated in FIG. 3. At time 0, the customer consumes 20 Nm 3 / h of nitrogen, this flow being supplied entirely by distillation of air in a single-column, bubbled separation apparatus. As the customer's consumption increases, the output of the apparatus increases accordingly to 40 and then 100 Nm 3 / h at the times 10 hours and 20 hours respectively. When the customer's consumption reaches 150 Nm 3 / h, the separation device continues to produce its maximum flow rate of 100 Nm 3 / h, the remainder being supplied by nitrogen spraying stored to produce a flow rate of 50 Nm 3 / h.
Quand la consommation réduit à 80 Nm3/h à l'instant 50 heures, la production d'azote par vaporisation s'arrête et la production d'azote par l'appareil de distillation est rabaissée à 80 Nm3/h. Ensuite pour suivre la consommation du client, le niveau de production de l'appareil est réduit à 40 et ensuite 20 Nm3/h.When the consumption reduces to 80 Nm 3 / h at the instant 50 hours, the nitrogen production by vaporization stops and the production of nitrogen by the distillation apparatus is lowered to 80 Nm 3 / h. Then to track the consumption of the customer, the level of production of the apparatus is reduced to 40 and then 20 Nm 3 / h.
Selon un objet de l'invention, il est prévu un procédé de fourniture d'azote au moyen d'un appareil de production d'azote gazeux par séparation d'air et par vaporisation d'azote liquide dans lequel : a) si les besoins du client en azote gazeux sont inférieurs à un premier seuil, le client est fourni en azote exclusivement par vaporisation d'azote liquide b) si les besoins du client en azote gazeux sont supérieurs à un deuxième seuil, le deuxième seuil étant supérieur au premier seuil, le client est fourni en azote au moins partiellement par l'appareil de production d'azote.According to one object of the invention, there is provided a method of supplying nitrogen by means of an apparatus for producing nitrogen gas by separation of air and by vaporization of liquid nitrogen in which: a) if the needs the customer's nitrogen gas is below a first threshold, the customer is provided with nitrogen exclusively by vaporization of liquid nitrogen b) if the customer's nitrogen gas requirements are greater than a second threshold, the second threshold being higher than the first threshold the customer is provided with nitrogen at least partially by the nitrogen generating apparatus.
Selon d'autres objets de l'invention :According to other objects of the invention:
- si les besoins du client en azote dépassent un troisième seuil, supérieur au deuxième seuil, le client est fourni partiellement par l'appareil de production d'azote et partiellement par vaporisation d'azote liquide ;- if the customer's nitrogen requirements exceed a third threshold, higher than the second threshold, the customer is partially supplied by the nitrogen generator and partly by liquid nitrogen spraying;
- les besoins du client sont entre le deuxième et le troisième seuil et le client est fourni uniquement par l'appareil de production d'azote ;- the customer's needs are between the second and the third threshold and the customer is provided solely by the nitrogen generator;
- si les besoins du client en azote gazeux sont supérieurs au deuxième seuil, le client est fourni en azote uniquement par l'appareil de production d'azote ;- if the customer's nitrogen gas requirements are higher than the second threshold, the customer is provided with nitrogen only by the nitrogen generator;
- au moins un des premier, deuxième et troisième seuils est variable selon le prix de l'électricité et/ou le prix de l'azote liquide et/ou la quantité d'azote liquide dans un stockage relié au moyen de vaporisation et/ou la vitesse de modification de la quantité d'azote liquide dans le stockage ;- at least one of the first, second and third thresholds is variable according to the price of electricity and / or the price of liquid nitrogen and / or the amount of liquid nitrogen in a storage connected to the vaporization means and / or the rate of change of the amount of liquid nitrogen in the storage;
- si les besoins du client en azote gazeux sont supérieurs au deuxième seuil ou supérieurs au deuxième seuil mais inférieurs au troisième seuil, l'appareil de production d'azote produit de l'azote gazeux avec un débit sensiblement constant et a) si les besoins du client en azote gazeux sont inférieurs au débit sensiblement constant, la partie excédentaire d'azote gazeux est rejetée à l'atmosphère et le reste d'azote gazeux est envoyé au client b) si les besoins du client en azote gazeux sont supérieurs ou égaux au débit sensiblement constant, tout le débit d'azote gazeux est envoyé au client- if the customer's nitrogen gas requirements are greater than the second threshold or greater than the second threshold but lower than the third threshold, the nitrogen generating apparatus produces nitrogen gas with a substantially constant flow rate and a) if the customer's nitrogen gas requirements are lower than the substantially constant flow rate, the excess nitrogen gas portion is discharged to the atmosphere and the remaining nitrogen gas is sent to the customer b) if the customer's nitrogen gas requirements are greater than or equal to the substantially constant flow rate, all the nitrogen gas flow is sent to the customer
- l'appareil de production d'azote gazeux est un appareil de distillation cryogénique d'air et éventuellement de l'azote liquide est envoyé à l'appareil de production d'azote gazeux pour participer à son maintien en froid.- The apparatus for producing nitrogen gas is a cryogenic air distillation apparatus and optionally liquid nitrogen is sent to the apparatus for producing nitrogen gas to participate in maintaining it in cold.
Selon un autre objet de l'invention, il est prévu un appareil de fourniture d'azote gazeux comprenant un appareil de production d'azote gazeux par séparation d'air, un vaporiseur d'azote liquide, un stockage, des moyens pour alimenter le vaporiseur en azote liquide par le stockage, des moyens pour envoyer de l'azote gazeux de l'appareil de production au client, des moyens pour envoyer de l'azote gazeux du vaporiseur au client et des moyens pour réguler au moins un des débits d'azote gazeux envoyé au client en fonction du prix de l'électricité et/ou du prix de l'azote liquide et/ou de la quantité d'azote liquide dans le stockage et/ou de la vitesse de modification de la quantité d'azote liquide dans le stockage.According to another object of the invention, there is provided a device for supplying nitrogen gas comprising an apparatus for producing nitrogen gas by separation of air, a liquid nitrogen vaporizer, a storage, means for supplying the liquid nitrogen, liquid nitrogen vaporizer by the storage, means for sending nitrogen gas from the production apparatus to the customer, means for sending nitrogen gas from the vaporizer to the customer and means for regulating at least one of the flow rates nitrogen gas sent to the customer according to the price of electricity and / or the price of liquid nitrogen and / or the amount of liquid nitrogen in the storage and / or the rate of change of the quantity of liquid nitrogen in the storage.
Eventuellement l'appareil de production d'azote gazeux est un appareil de distillation cryogénique d'air.Optionally, the apparatus for producing nitrogen gas is a cryogenic air distillation apparatus.
L'invention sera maintenant décrite en plus de détail en se référant aux figures.The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the figures.
La figure 2 illustre un appareil de fourniture d'azote selon l'invention. La figure 4 est un graphique illustrant la mode d'opération de cet appareil avec le procédé selon l'invention.Figure 2 illustrates a nitrogen supply apparatus according to the invention. Figure 4 is a graph illustrating the mode of operation of this apparatus with the method according to the invention.
Selon cette invention, il est proposé d'inverser la philosophie actuelle. Le client est en base fourni par le moyen de fourniture de secours « vrac ».According to this invention, it is proposed to reverse the current philosophy. The customer is in base provided by the means of providing "bulk" relief.
Lorsque sa demande dépasse une certaine valeur, le générateur efface la fourniture « vrac ». Cette valeur est définie de façon à ce que le coût de production par le générateur devienne plus économique que la fourniture « vrac ». Elle dépend du coût de l'énergie et du coût du vrac.When its demand exceeds a certain value, the generator erases the "bulk" supply. This value is defined so that the cost of Generation by the generator becomes more economical than "bulk" supply. It depends on the cost of energy and the cost of bulk.
Au delà de la capacité de production du générateur, le « vrac » vient compléter la production du générateur pour fournir le client.Beyond the generating capacity of the generator, the "bulk" completes the production of the generator to provide the customer.
Ainsi comme on voit sur la figure 4, au temps 0, le client consomme 20 Nm3/h d'azote, ce débit étant fourni entièrement par vaporisation d'azote provenant d'un stockage (ou éventuellement par arrivée d'azote gazeux provenant d'un réseau). La consommation du client augmente ensuite à 40 Nm3/h à 10 heures, la vaporisation d'azote s'arrête complètement, la production de l'appareil de distillation commence en conséquence à 40 Nm3/h et atteint 100 Nm3/h après 20 heures. Or, quand la consommation du client atteint 150 Nm3/h, l'appareil de séparation continue de produire son débit maximal de 100 Nm3/h, le reste étant fourni par vaporisation d'azote stocké pour produire un débit de 50 Nm3/h. Quand la consommation réduit à 80 Nm3/h à l'instant 50 heures, la production d'azote par vaporisation s'arrête et la production d'azote par l'appareil de distillation est rabaissée à 80 Nm3/h. Ensuite pour suivre la consommation du client, le niveau de production de l'appareil est réduit à 40 Nm3/h. Au-delà de cette valeur, la distillation d'air est arrêtée et pour fournir la consommation basse du client à 20 Nm3/h, la vaporisation d'azote liquide est remise en marche.Thus, as can be seen in FIG. 4, at time 0, the customer consumes 20 Nm 3 / h of nitrogen, this flow being supplied entirely by vaporization of nitrogen coming from a storage (or possibly by the arrival of nitrogen gas from network). The customer's consumption then increases to 40 Nm 3 / h at 10 o'clock, the nitrogen vaporization stops completely, the production of the distillation apparatus consequently starts at 40 Nm 3 / h and reaches 100 Nm 3 / h after 8 pm However, when the customer's consumption reaches 150 Nm 3 / h, the separation device continues to produce its maximum flow rate of 100 Nm 3 / h, the rest being supplied by vaporization of nitrogen stored to produce a flow rate of 50 Nm 3 / h. When the consumption reduces to 80 Nm 3 / h at the instant 50 hours, the nitrogen production by vaporization stops and the production of nitrogen by the distillation apparatus is lowered to 80 Nm 3 / h. Then to track the customer's consumption, the production level of the device is reduced to 40 Nm 3 / h. Beyond this value, the air distillation is stopped and to provide the low consumption of the customer at 20 Nm 3 / h, the vaporization of liquid nitrogen is restarted.
Selon l'invention, l'appareil de séparation d'air peut produire, pour des valeurs entre 40 et 100 Nm3/h, la consommation exacte souhaitée selon l'invention. Comme illustré à la Figure 2, un ensemble complet 6 comprend un stockage d'azote liquide 1 et au moins la boite froide 9 du générateur cryogénique.According to the invention, the air separation apparatus can produce, for values between 40 and 100 Nm 3 / h, the exact consumption desired according to the invention. As illustrated in FIG. 2, a complete set 6 comprises a storage of liquid nitrogen 1 and at least the cold box 9 of the cryogenic generator.
Le générateur de gaz est constitué par une simple colonne de séparation d'air, à l'intérieur d'une boîte froide 9, produisant de l'azote gazeux 11 en tête de colonne. Un détendeur 7 placé sur la conduite 3 de liquide détend le liquide destiné au vaporiseur 5. Une connexion optionnelle d'azote liquide 8 vers la boîte froide 9 du générateur cryogénique assure au moins partiellement le maintien en froid du générateur par biberonnage.The gas generator is constituted by a simple air separation column, inside a cold box 9, producing nitrogen gas 11 at the top of the column. An expander 7 placed on the pipe 3 of liquid expands the liquid intended for the vaporizer 5. An optional connection of liquid nitrogen 8 to the cold box 9 of the cryogenic generator at least partially ensures the maintenance of cold generator by biberonnage.
Le stockage est également relié au vaporiseur 5 par la conduite 3. Le vaporiseur est relié au client via une conduite 18.The storage is also connected to the vaporizer 5 by the pipe 3. The vaporizer is connected to the customer via a pipe 18.
Entre les temps 0 et 10 heures de la Figure 4, du liquide 3 est soutiré du stockage 1 , est détendu dans le détendeur 7, puis vaporisé (et réchauffé à la température ambiante) dans le système de vaporisation 5. La boîte froide 9 ne fonctionne pas. Entre les temps 10 et 30 heures, le gaz provenant de la boîte froide 9 est envoyé dans le réseau client à travers la conduite 11. Aucun débit liquide provenant du stockage n'est vaporisé dans le vaporiseur 5.Between the times 0 and 10 hours of Figure 4, liquid 3 is withdrawn from the storage 1, is expanded in the expander 7, and then vaporized (and warmed to room temperature) in the vaporization system 5. The cold box 9 does not does not work. Between 10 and 30 hours, the gas from the cold box 9 is sent into the customer network through line 11. No liquid flow from the storage is vaporized in the vaporizer 5.
Entre les temps 30 et 40 heures, le gaz est produit à la fois par vaporisation d'azote du stockage et par distillation, les deux débits étant mélangés en aval du vaporiseur 5 (ou éventuellement en amont comme décrit dans la demande de brevet FR0752579 déposée le 9 janvier 2007).Between the times 30 and 40 hours, the gas is produced both by vaporization of nitrogen storage and by distillation, the two flow rates being mixed downstream of the vaporizer 5 (or possibly upstream as described in the patent application FR0752579 filed January 9, 2007).
Entre les temps 40 et 60 heures, le gaz provenant de la boîte froide 9 est envoyé dans le réseau client à travers la conduite 11. Aucun débit liquide provenant du stockage n'est vaporisé dans le vaporiseur 5. Entre les temps 60 et 70 heures de la Figure 4, du liquide 3 est de nouveau soutiré du stockage 1 , détendu dans le détendeur 7, puis vaporisé (et réchauffé à la température ambiante) dans le système de vaporisation 5. La boîte froide 9 ne fonctionne pas.Between the times 40 and 60 hours, the gas from the cold box 9 is sent in the customer network through the pipe 11. No liquid flow from the storage is vaporized in the vaporizer 5. Between 60 and 70 hours time of Figure 4, the liquid 3 is withdrawn from the storage 1, expanded in the expander 7, and then vaporized (and warmed to room temperature) in the vaporization system 5. The cold box 9 does not work.
Selon une variante de l'invention, l'appareil de séparation d'air produit un débit fixe avec une pression nominale de 8.3 barg (8.6 barg maxi). Il n'y a pas de marche réduite et le compresseur d'air de l'appareil de distillation est à vitesse fixe).According to a variant of the invention, the air separation apparatus produces a fixed flow with a nominal pressure of 8.3 barg (8.6 barg maxi). There is no reduced running and the air compressor of the distillation apparatus is at a fixed speed).
Si le client ne prend pas tout l'azote produit par l'appareil, une partie de l'azote est jetée à l'atmosphère, via un déverseur ou une vanne de régulation FV. Ceci permet de limiter la pression de la colonne (pression réseau N2) à une valeur limite (PSH, autour de 7.9 barg), sans devoir décharger le compresseur. Si le client a une consommation en pic, le surplus de débit vient du stockage 1 via un détendeur de liquide 7 (ouverture vers 7.4 barg), ce qui permet de maintenir la pression dans le réseau client.If the customer does not take all the nitrogen produced by the device, a part of the nitrogen is thrown into the atmosphere, via an overflow or an FV control valve. This makes it possible to limit the pressure of the column (mains pressure N2) to a limit value (PSH, around 7.9 barg), without having to unload the compressor. If the customer has a peak consumption, the excess flow comes from storage 1 via a liquid expander 7 (opening to 7.4 barg), which maintains the pressure in the customer network.
• Mise en route : le client est fourni en liquide. • Si la baisse de niveau du stockage LT s'effectue à une vitesse supérieure à un équivalent de débit de production jugé économique en fonction du coût de l'azote liquide et de l'énergie électrique (par exemple, 20% du débit nominal), le générateur est mis en route. Ce seuil de mise en route pourra être paramétré via NHM. On pourra faire une moyenne glissante sur une à quelques heures pour estimer le débit moyen de consommation, de façon à obtenir une lecture lisible et fiable de la baisse de niveau.• Getting started: the customer is supplied with cash. • If the level of LT storage declines at a rate greater than a production flow equivalent deemed economically based on the cost of liquid nitrogen and electrical energy (eg, 20% of nominal flow) , the generator is started. This start-up threshold can be set via NHM. A sliding average of one to a few hours can be used to estimate the average rate of consumption, so as to obtain a readable and reliable reading of the level drop.
• Si la consommation du client baisse fortement, le générateur sera arrêté si le débit effectivement fourni au client par le générateur est inférieur à un seuil de débit jugé non économique en fonction du coût de l'azote liquide et de l'énergie électrique (par exemple, 20% du débit nominal). Ce seuil d'arrêt pourra être paramétrable via IHM.• If the customer's consumption falls sharply, the generator will be shut down if the flow actually supplied to the customer by the generator is below a threshold of flow deemed uneconomical depending on the cost of liquid nitrogen and electrical energy (for example, 20% of the nominal flow). This stop threshold can be parameterized via HMI.
On estime le débit rejeté à l'atmosphère en utilisant le fait que celui-ci est fonction du Cv de la vanne, de son ouverture, de la pression PT, et de la température du gaz. On en déduit alors le débit effectivement fourni par le générateur au client, par différence du débit nominal de production du générateur et du débit rejeté à l'atmosphère.The discharge rate to the atmosphere is estimated using the fact that it is a function of the CV of the valve, its opening, the pressure PT, and the temperature of the gas. We then deduce the actual flow supplied by the generator to the customer, by difference of the nominal output rate of the generator and the discharge rate to the atmosphere.
La mise en route du générateur, même en cas de consommation basse, peut être rendue nécessaire quand le stockage ne contient que peu de liquide (par exemple 10% du niveau maximal) dans le stockage pour augmenter la durée de fourniture au client (via le générateur). La consommation d'azote liquide est alors limitée au biberonnage (s'il y en a). The start-up of the generator, even in case of low consumption, can be made necessary when the storage contains only a small amount of liquid (for example 10% of the maximum level) in the storage to increase the duration of supply to the customer (via the generator). The consumption of liquid nitrogen is then limited to the bottle-feeding (if there is one).
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009551936A JP2010521642A (en) | 2007-02-28 | 2008-02-18 | Method and apparatus for providing nitrogen |
| EP08762110A EP2129983A2 (en) | 2007-02-28 | 2008-02-18 | Method an apparatus for providing nitrogen |
| US12/528,713 US20110132035A1 (en) | 2007-02-28 | 2008-02-18 | Method And Apparatus For Providing Nitrogen |
| CN200880006178XA CN101711336B (en) | 2007-02-28 | 2008-02-18 | Method an apparatus for providing nitrogen |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0753567 | 2007-02-28 | ||
| FR0753567A FR2913104B1 (en) | 2007-02-28 | 2007-02-28 | PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING NITROGEN. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2008113928A2 true WO2008113928A2 (en) | 2008-09-25 |
| WO2008113928A3 WO2008113928A3 (en) | 2010-03-11 |
Family
ID=38752525
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2008/050262 Ceased WO2008113928A2 (en) | 2007-02-28 | 2008-02-18 | Method an apparatus for providing nitrogen |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20110132035A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2129983A2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2010521642A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101711336B (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2913104B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2008113928A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5425612B2 (en) * | 2009-12-24 | 2014-02-26 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | Ozone gas concentrator |
| FR3069237B1 (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2019-08-23 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION OF NITROGEN, PARTICULARLY FOR A TRANSPORT VESSEL OF LIQUEFIED GAS |
| CN116105074B (en) * | 2022-12-07 | 2024-03-08 | 北京航天试验技术研究所 | High-pressure nitrogen gas supply device and control method thereof |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2129115B (en) * | 1982-10-27 | 1986-03-12 | Air Prod & Chem | Producing gaseous nitrogen |
| JP2873473B2 (en) * | 1989-11-07 | 1999-03-24 | 株式会社大分サンソセンター | Air liquefaction separation method |
| FR2660741A1 (en) * | 1990-04-10 | 1991-10-11 | Air Liquide | PROCESS AND PLANT FOR GENERATING GASEOUS NITROGEN AND CORRESPONDING NITROGEN SUPPLY SYSTEM THEREFOR. |
| JP3220755B2 (en) * | 1991-09-27 | 2001-10-22 | 日本酸素株式会社 | Air liquefaction separation method and apparatus |
| DE4135302A1 (en) * | 1991-10-25 | 1993-04-29 | Linde Ag | DEVICE FOR LOW TEMPERATURE DISPOSAL OF AIR |
| JPH0829055A (en) * | 1994-07-13 | 1996-02-02 | Toshiba Corp | Operation control device for oxygen production plant |
| JPH1144470A (en) * | 1997-07-24 | 1999-02-16 | Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd | Simultaneous supply of fresh water and cold water |
| FR2784308B1 (en) * | 1998-10-09 | 2001-11-09 | Air Liquide | GAS SEPARATION PROCESS AND PLANT WITH PRODUCTION OF A VARIABLE GAS FLOW |
| JP4450503B2 (en) * | 2000-12-14 | 2010-04-14 | 日本エア・リキード株式会社 | Product gas backup device |
| FR2842124B1 (en) * | 2002-07-09 | 2005-03-25 | Air Liquide | METHOD FOR CONDUCTING AN ELECTRIC POWER GAS-GENERATING PLANT AND THIS PRODUCTION PLANT |
| CN1223786C (en) * | 2002-12-20 | 2005-10-19 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Gasification device for cold storage type low-temperature liquid |
| FR2872262B1 (en) * | 2004-06-29 | 2010-11-26 | Air Liquide | METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR PROVIDING SUPPORT OF A PRESSURIZED GAS |
| US7249470B2 (en) * | 2005-04-07 | 2007-07-31 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Method of controlling liquid production utilizing an expert system controller |
-
2007
- 2007-02-28 FR FR0753567A patent/FR2913104B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-02-18 US US12/528,713 patent/US20110132035A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-02-18 WO PCT/FR2008/050262 patent/WO2008113928A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2008-02-18 JP JP2009551936A patent/JP2010521642A/en active Pending
- 2008-02-18 EP EP08762110A patent/EP2129983A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-02-18 CN CN200880006178XA patent/CN101711336B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2129983A2 (en) | 2009-12-09 |
| FR2913104B1 (en) | 2009-11-27 |
| US20110132035A1 (en) | 2011-06-09 |
| WO2008113928A3 (en) | 2010-03-11 |
| CN101711336B (en) | 2012-09-05 |
| CN101711336A (en) | 2010-05-19 |
| JP2010521642A (en) | 2010-06-24 |
| FR2913104A1 (en) | 2008-08-29 |
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