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WO2008107679A1 - Élément de barrière anti-déflagrations - Google Patents

Élément de barrière anti-déflagrations Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008107679A1
WO2008107679A1 PCT/GB2008/000764 GB2008000764W WO2008107679A1 WO 2008107679 A1 WO2008107679 A1 WO 2008107679A1 GB 2008000764 W GB2008000764 W GB 2008000764W WO 2008107679 A1 WO2008107679 A1 WO 2008107679A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
barrier
barrier element
components
wall
component
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/GB2008/000764
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Paul Archer-Simms
Luke David Vardy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DEFENDER INTERNATIONAL Ltd
Original Assignee
DEFENDER INTERNATIONAL Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DEFENDER INTERNATIONAL Ltd filed Critical DEFENDER INTERNATIONAL Ltd
Publication of WO2008107679A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008107679A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H11/00—Defence installations; Defence devices
    • F41H11/08—Barbed-wire obstacles; Barricades; Stanchions; Tank traps; Vehicle-impeding devices; Caltrops
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/013—Mounting or securing armour plates
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/02—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
    • E01F15/08—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks
    • E01F15/081—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks characterised by the use of a specific material
    • E01F15/083—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks characterised by the use of a specific material using concrete
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/02—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
    • E01F15/08—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks
    • E01F15/081—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks characterised by the use of a specific material
    • E01F15/086—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks characterised by the use of a specific material using plastic, rubber or synthetic materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/02—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
    • E01F15/08—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks
    • E01F15/088—Details of element connection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D5/00—Safety arrangements
    • F42D5/04—Rendering explosive charges harmless, e.g. destroying ammunition; Rendering detonation of explosive charges harmless
    • F42D5/045—Detonation-wave absorbing or damping means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a barrier assembly for the protection of personnel and property against attack and more particularly to a modular barrier assembly formed of barrier elements adapted to attenuate or eliminate the effects of an adjacent explosion or forced vehicle entry.
  • the invention further relates to a method of assembling barrier elements and a method of forming a barrier assembly or enclosure utilising the barrier elements.
  • barriers may also be used for the protection of strategic installations, such as military encampments and supply depots, buildings such as police barracks, prisons, seats of government and embassies, and national infrastructure including power generation plants, petro-chemical works, telecommunication centres and the media.
  • strategic installations such as military encampments and supply depots, buildings such as police barracks, prisons, seats of government and embassies, and national infrastructure including power generation plants, petro-chemical works, telecommunication centres and the media.
  • strategic installations such as military encampments and supply depots, buildings such as police barracks, prisons, seats of government and embassies, and national infrastructure including power generation plants, petro-chemical works, telecommunication centres and the media.
  • national infrastructure including power generation plants, petro-chemical works, telecommunication centres and the media.
  • barrier assemblies made from concrete block elements have well-appreciated disadvantages including those associated with rapidity of deployment and the possibility of fragmentation causing secondary collateral damage to buildings, equipment and injury to personnel. Additionally, there is a problem of ricochet with small arms munitions and shrapnel.
  • Geotextile bags can be used to speed up this operation, however, they require a metal frame to hold open during filling and the frame is an integral part of the final barrier.
  • One of the major advantages of sand bags is that there is no ricochet or harmful secondary material thrown off upon impact, however, with the integral frames, metal fragments can be ejected from the barrier causing collateral damage.
  • Attenuating media is intended to -A- include the singular and is directed to any material that provides the required reduction or elimination of the effects of incident ballistics, blast forces or radiation energy.
  • the specific examples of water, sand, concrete or lead are not intended to be limiting and it should be appreciated that other suitable materials are or may become available.
  • the description of the present invention is directed to blast defence barriers, the invention is not so limited and may be used for defining an area or enclosure within which personnel and certain property or materials may be retained or protected or from which attack or unwanted intrusion may be excluded, at least to some degree.
  • a defence barrier element comprising:
  • base and top components are operationally coupled to each of the walls so as to form a self-supporting hollow barrier element
  • barrier element defines an enclosed chamber within which attenuating media is operationally disposed.
  • the walls and base and top components of the barrier element are integrally formed, wherein at least one of said walls and top components has at least one aperture defined therein so as to allow the passage of attenuating media into said chamber.
  • This first construction of the invention provides a barrier element which is immediately ready for deployment and is sufficiently light so at to be manually manoeuvred into position.
  • the attenuating media is added by opening an aperture and filling the chamber, thus providing ballast to the element to resist movement under impact and to enhance the ballistic proofing and blast attenuating or mitigating characteristics of the barrier element.
  • rota- moulding a rotational moulding technique
  • the front, rear and side walls are integrally formed with one of said base component and top component, so as to form an open-mouthed container defining the chamber therein, the barrier element being so sized and shaped as to be nestable for storage and transportation.
  • the barrier element has either an open top portion or an open base portion which, in a storage or transportation mode, receives a second barrier element which in turn receives another barrier element, and so on.
  • the base component In an operational mode either the base component is located in the required position and an open base barrier element is coupled thereto or an open top barrier
  • the chamber is filled with the selected attenuatin ⁇ g& m • edia.
  • the front, rear and side walls are integrally formed as a tubular body to which base and top components are subsequently attached.
  • the barrier element is constructed from separate front, rear and side wall components and base and top components, each of which may be flat-packed for storage and transportation.
  • the top component is nestable within the base component.
  • each of the components of the barrier element is formed from a plastics or a thermoplastics material having impact characteristics designed to attenuate and propagate the effects of ballistic materials and blast waves impacting thereon.
  • the components are manufactured from medium or high-density polyethylene or polypropylene which optionally include reinforcing materials therein, for example, polyaramid fibres.
  • a bladder for filling with an attenuating material, most preferable water, so as to increase substantially the inertia of the barrier element.
  • a honeycomb or similar structure is disposed within the chamber so as to provide cells for said attenuating media.
  • the structure further mitigates blast and ballistic effects and reduces fragmentation of a solid attenuating medium.
  • the honeycomb or similar structure may be selected from the following forms: a series of vertically disposed columns having a substantially .constant cross- sectional profile; a thin metal or plastics material mesh; a plurality of discrete cells each individually tillable or pre-filled with attenuating media; and an open- celled foam material.
  • a ballistic deflection or blast attenuation surface is located to abut the front wall component to provide protection thereto and optionally a further ballistic deflection or blast attenuation surface is located to abut the rear wall component of the barrier element.
  • the front wall component of the barrier element is so shaped as to provide a ballistic deflection surface angled to reduce substantially the impact force incident on the barrier element as a whole.
  • the rear wall of the barrier element may be profiled to attenuate or slow down incident ballistics ideally without ricochet or fragmentation.
  • the rear wall may also be so shaped as to provide an elevated platform for personnel within an enclosure formed by a barrier wall assembly.
  • Additional ballistic deflection or blast attenuation surfaces may be added to the front and optionally the rear wall components.
  • the or each ballistic deflection or blast attenuation surface is disposed in a ramped position against said front and/or rear wall components.
  • a first side wall is provided with an external concave profile and the corresponding opposite side wall is provided with an external convex profile, the profiles being of a radius to abut or interact with the side wall of an adjacent barrier element and to provide sufficient overlap of barrier wall material without exposing '"weak points".
  • the interaction of adjacent convex and concave side ' wall profiles allows a barrier wall assembly to be shaped at will and to form enclosures.
  • the base component may also be used as a top component; the profile of the front wall can be inverted and used as a rear wall; and the first side wall, having an external concave profile, may be used also as the second side wall, where an internal convex profile of said first side wall, corresponding to the external concave profile, becomes the external convex profile of the second side wall.
  • a method of assembling a barrier element comprising;
  • the method includes filling said chamber with attenuating media.
  • the method comprises:
  • a base component having coupling elements for engaging front, rear and side walls, such that when in position the front wall faces the direction of a perceived threat
  • top component or cap to the open mouth of the chamber and receiving or otherwise engaging with coupling means of the front, rear and side wall components of the barrier element and trapping the lugs, hooks or straps of the bag or bladder so as to ensure it remains suspended within the chamber thereof.
  • the base component may be secured to the operational surface.
  • the operational surface may be prepared or conditioned before the or each base component is positioned thereon.
  • the operational surface is prepared or conditioned so that the base component lies substantially horizontally to ensure the or each barrier element is substantially vertical in use.
  • the method includes securing a ballistic deflection or blast attenuation surface to the front wall component and optionally to the rear wall component of said barrier element.
  • a barrier wall assembly formed using a plurality of barrier elements, said barrier elements comprising a front wall and a rear wall spaced therefrom by two side walls to form a hollow body and base and top components profiled to engage each of the walls, so as to form self-supporting hollow barrier elements, wherein the barrier elements define a series of enclosed chambers within which attenuating media is operationally disposed and
  • each barrier element is positioned as a discrete element which abuts an adjacent barrier element, the shape of the barrier element overlapping with the shape of the adjacent element to provide said continuity of protection along the length of the barrier wall assembly.
  • each barrier element of the assembly may be erected ⁇ and positioned against an adjoining barrier element facilitates rapid deployment of a barrier wall assembly.
  • each barrier element comprises a plurality of inter-engaging components, whereby selected components from one barrier element are coupled to corresponding components of an adjacent barrier element so that said adjacent barrier elements are locked together in a barrier wall assembly.
  • the wall assembly is particularly suitable as a barrier to protect personnel and equipment from incident ballistics and against the effects of incident or adjacent explosions and may be used as an anti-ramming wall to prevent ingress of land vehicle borne bomb ' attacks. Further applications include as a shield against low- level radiation of the kind encountered, for example, in the decommissioning of nuclear power plants.
  • a barrier wall assembly may be used as a detonation separator being operationally disposed between fuel or munitions dumps, aircraft or used for any other scenario where ignition may be triggered by deliberate or accidental ignition of an adjacent source.
  • a method of forming, a barrier wall assembly so as to form a wall or enclosure comprising: positioning a plurality of barrier element base components such that base component profiles, corresponding to the profiles of side wall components, are closely abutting the adjacent base component so that the desired shape of the barrier wall assembly is at least partially mapped out;
  • the method includes filling said chambers with attenuating media.
  • the method comprises:
  • each barrier element is positioned as a discrete element which abuts an adjacent barrier element, the shape of the barrier element overlapping with the shape of the adjacent element to provide continuity of protection along the length of the barrier wall assembly.
  • each barrier element is positioned with respect to an adjacent one so as to be angularly displaceable relative to the other along the curved surface of the respective side walls.
  • each barrier element is connected via connecting means to an adjacent element.
  • At least one groove is optionally provided parallel to the arcuate length of the curved wall (that is, parallel to the ground or surface on which the barrier elements are located) to receive a connecting runner.
  • the connecting runner is preferably slideably received in the groove formed in the side wall of the barrier element.
  • the barrier elements are connectable to one another in a side-by-side relationship and are angularly displaceable relative to one another along said connecting runner parallel to the plane of the surface on which they are located.
  • the connecting runner has an arcuate portion complementary in shape to the groove in which it is received.
  • the connecting runner may be elongate and conveniently extends an arcuate length commensurate with the depth of the barrier from front wall to rear wall.
  • the method comprises:
  • said front, rear and side wall components being located so as to couple successive adjacent base components and define chambers which overlie at least one of said base components.
  • the barrier wall assembly is formed using a plurality of inter- engaging components without relying on the formation of discrete barrier elements.
  • the attenuating media comprises sand which may be operationally loaded into the chamber of a barrier element via the open-mouth thereof when, the top component is not in place or via an aperture disposed in said top component.
  • the attenuating media comprises water.
  • the attenuating media comprises wet sand.
  • An aperture may be provided in the side or rear walls to allow the attenuating media to escape on decommissioning the barrier wall assembly.
  • a bag or bladder is suspended in the chamber for sealingly retaining the attenuating media.
  • the bag or bladder provides a simple and convenient way of retaining water or similar liquid attenuating media within the barrier chamber without leaking and can be retrieved for subsequent use.
  • a food-grade bag ma ⁇ ' be used so that potable water is stored within the chamber for emergency or relief use.
  • the attenuating material is concrete.
  • a lining membrane is provided within the barrier chamber to prevent concrete adhering to the components of the barrier.
  • the base component may be secured to the operational surface.
  • the operational surface ma)' be prepared or conditioned before the or each base , component is positioned thereon.
  • the operational surface is prepared or conditioned so that the base component lies substantially horizontally to ensure the or each barrier element is substantial I)' vertical in use.
  • staging means may be provided on which the base component is located so as to ensure the barrier element is disposed in a substantially vertical orientation.
  • the staging means which may comprise a material mat or wedge portions, allows adjacent barrier elements to be in close abutment along the full height of the respective side wall components.
  • An anchor member may be provided for restricting movement of the barrier element relative to a surface on which it is located.
  • the anchor member may comprise at least one sheet of non- slip material affixed to the barrier so as to engage said surface.
  • the anchor member may further or optionally comprise at least one ground- engaging anchor adapted to fix the base component in position.
  • the or each ground-engaging anchor may comprise a spike or auger member.
  • the base component is provided with one or more apertures through which the or each ground-engaging anchor passes, thereby fixing said base component to the ground.
  • the barrier element components include means for securely fastening each component to its adjacent component. This arrangement ensures the barrier element is self-supporting and can be moved as a single unit.
  • each barrier element has at least one attachment member, which may be a lifting eye, so that any suitable lifting means can be attached to said barrier element.
  • a barrier wall assembly as described enables significant flexibility of deployment.
  • Each individual barrier element component is relatively light and a barrier element can be sited and assembled manually by as few as one person.
  • a mechanical lifting means can be used to deploy assembled barrier elements into a wall assembly.
  • the attenuating medium loaded within the chamber of the barrier element is normally sufficient to provide the ballast required to hold the element in position, even against impact. If the ballast provided is not sufficient to prevent moveraent of the barrier when in use, then alternative ballast material can be used, for example, wet sand, concrete or any other suitably dense material.
  • Figure 1 is a side elevation of a first embodiment of blast defence barrier element, comprising front, rear and side walls retained between a ground engaging base component and a top component, each interlocking to form the blast defence barrier element in its operational mode;
  • Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view of the first embodiment of blast defence barrier element, illustrating the interconnecting arrangement of the front, rear and side walls to the base and top components;
  • Figures 3a to 3d are a top plan view, a front elevation, a side elevation and a perspective view, respectively of the barrier element, together with further step- height barrier elements having a cross-sectional profile substantially similar to the top component of the blast defence barrier element;
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of a barrier wall assembly comprising blast defence barrier elements and step-height barrier elements, arranged so that side walls of successive barrier elements abut one another to present a substantially continuous barrier wall assembly;
  • Figures 5a to 5f are perspective views of a base component, a front wall component, a rear wall component, first side wall component, a second side wail component and a top component of a second embodiment of blast defence barrier element;
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of the second embodiment of barrier element in an operational mode but with its top component removed to illustrate a chamber therein to be filled with weighting or blast attenuating media;
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of a barrier wall assembly comprising blast barrier elements of the second embodiment, arranged as a corner section of a wail, and having components removed so as to illustrate the location of liners within the chambers for containing the weighting or blast attenuating media;
  • Figures 8a to Sf are a top perspective view, a cross-sectional side elevation and. a detailed view of the cross-sectional side elevation of a dual purpose base and top component; a perspective view of a dual purpose front and rear wall component; a perspective view of a dual purpose side wall component and a bottom perspective view of a blast attenuating surface of a third embodiment of blast defence barrier element;
  • Figures 9a to 9d are views of additional components for constructing step-height barrier elements including: a perspective view of a dual purpose front and rear wall component; a perspective view of a dual purpose side wall component; a top perspective view of a first upper intermediate component for use with discrete barrier element formation; and a top perspective view of a second upper intermediate component for use with formation of inter-engaging barrier elements; 1 and
  • Figure 10 is a perspective view of a barrier wall assembly comprising blast defence barrier element components and step-height barrier element components, arranged so that successive components interlock with corresponding adjacent components to form chambers defined over one or more adjacent base components to present a substantially continuous barrier wall assembly.
  • the barrier element 1 comprises six major components which, when assembled together, form a barrier element having an enclosed chamber C.
  • the barrier element 1 comprises a ground- engaging base component 2, a front wall 3, a rear wall 4, a concave first side wall 5, a convex second side wall 6 and a top component 7, each of which have profiled portions adapted to engage with adjacent components so that the element is self-supporting.
  • the components are fabricated? using ballistic and blast resistant or attenuating materials selected from any one or more of a number of suitable materials known to those skilled in the art, including plastics materials, such as polyethylene or polypropylene, and composite materials, including those incorporating high tensile strength polyaramid fibres, for example, Kevlar TM.
  • the base component 2 is formed as a tray having peripheral walls 10 and lands 11 so sized and shaped as to retain the correspondingly shaped engaging portions of the front, rear and side wall components 3,4,5,6.
  • the peripheral walls 10 and lands 11 corresponding to the front and rear walls 3,4 are parallel to one another and spaced apart by arcuate sections of the peripheral walls and lands corresponding to the spaced apart side walls 5,6.
  • the side wall radii are chosen as being equal for engaging and moving against abutting barrier elements.
  • the front wall component 3 includes an external blast face 4 upon which expected projectile impact or blast force is incident.
  • the front wall component 3 includes side wall engagement profiles 15 along each of its upright edges and lower and upper locating tabs 16,17 for abutting and engaging with the base and top components 2,7, respectively.
  • the rear wall component 4 is of similar size and shape to the front wall component 3 and includes a major face which optionally includes recesses such as hand and foot holds. Optionally or additionally, the rear wall component includes a platform on which a person may stand. As will be described hereinbelow, the reai- lace component may also be designated as an incident blast face or may comprise materials adapted to absorb incident projectiles or shrapnel, lessening the risk of injury from ricochet and rebound.
  • the rear wall component 4 also is provided with side wall engagement profiles 20 along its upright edges and lower and upper locating tabs 23,24 for engaging with the base and top components respectively.
  • the first and second side walls 5,6 are formed ideally of the same material as the front and rear walls 3,4 and include front and rear wall engagement profiles 26 along each of their upright edges. Each side wall also includes lower and upper locating tabs 29,30 for abutting and engaging with the base and top components 2,7, respectively.
  • the first side wall 5 is profiled to present a concave major outer surface and the second side wall 6 is correspondingly profiled to present a convex major outer surface.
  • the radii of these surfaces are chosen as being equal so that the concave side wall of a one barrier element receives, in an abutting arrangement, the convex side wall of an adjacent barrier element, as will be described in more detail with respect to Figure 4.
  • the top component 7 is of a similar configuration to that of the base component 2 but of smaller dimension corresponding to the distance between the front and rear walls 3,4 and is adapted to receive the upper engagement tabs 17,24,30 of the front, rear and side walls 3,4,5.6.
  • the top component is also provided with a second "inner” peripheral wall (not shown) spaced from the "Outer" peripheral wall 32, so that the upper engagement tabs 17,24,30 are constrained therebetween.
  • the barrier components may be stored as a kit of parts so that individual barrier elements may be taken from storage and assembled one at a time, however, where there is a requirement for multiple barrier elements to be erected, the barrier components may be stored for transportation in multiples so as to maximise storage space.
  • a barrier element 1 may be erected by a single person, although ' the job is more easily accomplished with two. Assembly is commenced by positioning the base component 2 in the required position and setting it substantially horizontally.
  • This may be accomplished by either fixing the base component on ' a hard horizontal plane, such as pavement, or positioning it in relatively soft material, such as sand, and manipulating or "bedding in” the base until it is substantially horizontal. Measurement may be taken by spirit level or, in an un-illustrated embodiment, a pair of securely bonded spirit level vials are secured in the lands 11 of one of the shaped peripheral walls 10 for engaging the front and rear components and in the lands 11 of one of the shaped engaging peripheral walls 10 for engaging the side wall components, to provide immediate visual indication that the base is horizontal.
  • One or more holes 34 may be provided in the inner tray portion of the base component 2 so that ground engaging spikes or threaded auger elements (not shown) can be used to secure the base component to the ground.
  • staging mats or wedges may be used to ensure horizontal orientation.
  • the remaining assembly of the barrier element is exceptionally straightforward.
  • each of the front, rear and side walls include engagement profiles 15,20,26 along each of their upright edges, so as to secure each wall component to their adjacent wall component, visual inspection of the respective engagement profiles will indicate the most appropriate form of assembly. In most instances, it will be preferable to erect one of the side walls 5,6 which, due to their convex or concave shape, will stay in an upright position when positioned in the base component.
  • Either the rear wall 4 or front wall 3 is then positioned in the base 2 and its engagement profile 15,20 is received by or couples with the engagement profile 26 Of the side wall which, being disposed at substantially 90° to one another, are together again self-supporting.
  • the second one of the side walls is then put in position so that it's base engaging profile 29 engages the corresponding profile 10, 1 1 of the base component 2 and it's edge profile 26 couples with the corresponding edge profile 15,20 of said rear or 'front wall.
  • the other of said rear or front walls is then brought into position and either coupled with the upright edge profiles 26 of the spaced apart side walls and slid downwardly so that it's base engaging profile 16,23 locks with the corresponding edge profile 10,1 1 of the base component 2 or said remaining one of the rear and front walls is coupled to the upright edge profile 26 of one of the side walls and to the base component before being manipulated so as to engage the upright edge profile 26 of the other side wall to form an open- mouthed chamber C.
  • the upper locating tabs 17,24,30 of each of the front, rear and side walls protrude from the respective wall components and are arranged to be sliding received between the outer and inner 32 peripheral walls of the top component 7 which is positioned to close the open- mouthed chamber C.
  • the chamber C Before the top component 7 is put in position, the chamber C is filled with attenuating or blast mitigating media which can be selected from a number of convenient materials including, for example, water, sand or concrete. Each medium can present it's own set of challenges, however, sand or water tend to be the most readily available blast attenuating media in most environments. WiLh sand, the chamber C can be filled manually or by tipping bucket loads into the open mouth via a powered lifting means, such as a conveyor arrangement or, most conveniently, a general purpose work vehicle, for example, a tractor or digger.
  • a powered lifting means such as a conveyor arrangement or, most conveniently, a general purpose work vehicle, for example, a tractor or digger.
  • lining material may be used to separate the base, front, rear and side wall components from the concrete which is poured into said open-mouthed chamber C.
  • the top and wall components of barrier element may be removed without the . concrete adhering to them and, advantageously, the resultant moulded concrete shape maybe used as a barrier element in it's own right.
  • Water may also be used as an attenuating medium, however, unless the respective base front, rear side walls and top components are sealingly engaged to one another, the water will leak out of the barrier element or, over time, with evaporate from the chamber C.
  • Attenuating media can be used accordingly to the application considered.
  • water ma be substituted for a liquid having a higher density or better blast energy mitigating properties or radiation absorbing characteristics.
  • Further materials or arrangements of material may be placed in the chamber, including lead composite material plates disposed parallel to the front wall component or honeycomb or cell stmctures within which different media may be located.
  • a media containing bag is positioned within the chamber and filled in situ. Where water is used as the attenuating medium, the bag may be sealed to prevent evaporation.
  • the media containing bags are food-grade bags so that potable water is stored within the barrier elements and can be used if other stocks become depleted.
  • the media containing bags are retained in position by providing loops or straps thereon for engaging with the upper locating tabs 17,24,30 or slots cut therein of at least one of said front, rear and side walls 3,4,5,6.
  • the bags are held in an open-mouthed configuration using said locating tabs.
  • Figures 3a to 3d schematically illustrates a completed barrier element 1, including additional step-height barrier units 50 which, essentially comprise mini barrier elements which can be formed as solid units, open tubular constructions, open- , mouthed containers or as elements assembled from individual components in a manner similar to that of the preferred embodiments of barrier element described herein.
  • the step-height barrier units 50 normally have a cross-sectional profile identical to that of the top lid component 7 of the barrier element and may be provided to add significantly to the height of a barrier wall assembly, such as that illustrated in Figure 4.
  • the step-height units 50 may simply sit on the top component 7, on each other or may be fixed in position by a locking mechanism (not shown).
  • a unitary open tubular step-height unit having an end profile adapted to engage or receive the upper locating tabs 17,24,30 of the barrier element walls, may be positioned in place of the barrier lid component 7 which may be used to close the upper open end of said open step-height unit.
  • an open-mouthed. step-height unit is placed on the open mouth of the barrier element chamber or the open end of said open tubular step-height unit.
  • step-height unit is formed as a unitary body, it can be hollow with apertures for filling and emptying. Where the unit is a solid unit, it must of sufficient density to attenuate blast effects while being resistant to movement. With open or assembled step-height units, appropriately sized media containing bags are provided. These bags either sit loose into the step-height units or are secured therein as described hereinabove.
  • locking mechanisms are optionally provided for securing each of the components together and for securing step-height units to the assembled barrier element or to one another.
  • plastics material over- lever lockin x ga devices are used.
  • the lid component 7 and/or the ' uppermost surface 52 of a step-height unit may be provided with threaded holes 54 for receiving a lifting eye, so that complete barrier elements (with or without step-height units) can be lifted and placed in position by a mechanical lifting means.
  • gripping bars are moulded into the upper regions of the front and rear wall components for receiving lifting hooks or straps.
  • a barrier wall assembly comprising a plurality of barrier elements 1 , including step-height barrier units 50, which have been placed in close abutment to one another so as to form a substantially impermeable wall.
  • said barrier elements interlock to provide stability, strength and flexibility to the barrier wall assembly.
  • the barrier wall assembly may be formed in a wide range of shapes, including enclosures-.- This is of particular relevance for protecting buildings, troop encampments, gun emplacement, ammunition stores and fuel dumps.
  • the barrier wall assembly may be formed around, for example, containment vessels or a collection of barrels filled with low-grade nuclear . waste awaiting transport for reprocessing or burial.
  • the second embodiment of blast defence barrier element 100 comprises a gromid- engaging base component 102, a front wall 103, a rear wall 104, a concave first side wall 105, a convex second side wall 106 and a top component 107, each of which have profiled portions adapted to engage with adjacent components so that the element is self-supporting and which forms a barrier element having an enclosed chamber C.
  • the components are again fabricated using blast resistant or attenuating materials selected from any one or more of a number of suitable materials known to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, manufacturing techniques may be one or more of the many techniques available to the skilled addressee, including rotational moulding and, in the case of constant cross-sectional components, such as the front, reai- and side wall components, extrusion.
  • the base component 102 is formed as a block having a pair of rectangular receivers 110 for receiving correspondingly shaped engaging portions of the front and rear wall components 103, 104. Further circular receivers 111 are provided to engage with lower locating tabs of the side wall components 105, 106.
  • the front wall component 103 includes an external blast face 114 upon which expected projectile impact or blast force is incident.
  • the blast face 114 is ideally integral, however, a separate blast face attachable to the front wall component 103 and rear wall component 104 is realisable and thus facilitates the manufacture by extrusion of the front and rear wall component 103,104.
  • a separate blast face 114 also allows for more convenient storage and transportation.
  • the front wall component 103 further includes side wall engagement profiles 115 along each of its upright edges' and lower and upper locating tabs 116, 117 for abutting and engaging with the base and top components 102, 107, respectively.
  • the rear wall component 104 is of similar size and shape to the front wall component 103.
  • the rear face component may also be designated as an incident blast face and is optionally provided with a blast face portion.
  • the rear wall component 104 includes side wall engagement profiles 120 along it's upright edges and lower and upper locating tabs 123,1.24 for coupling with corresponding receivers in the top and base components.
  • the first and second side walls 105,106 are formed ideally of the same material as the front and rear walls 103,104 and include front and rear wall engagement profiles 126 along each of their upright edges.
  • Each side wall also includes lower and upper locating tabs 129,130 for abutting and engaging with the base and top components 102,107, respectively.
  • the top component 107 is configured to sit onto the upper edges of the front, real- and side wall components 103,104,105,106 and is provided with a number of receivers 132 configured to align with the upper locating tabs 117,124, 130 of said front, rear and side walls.
  • a barrier element 100 may be erected by a single person. Assembly is commenced by positioning the base component 102 in the required position and setting it substantially horizontally. One or more holes (not shown) may be provided in the base component 102 so that ground engaging spikes or threaded auger elements can be used to secure the base to the ground. Staging mats or wedges may also be used. As each of the front, rear and side walls 102,103,104,105 include engagement profiles 115,120,126 along each of their upright edges, so as to secure each wall component to their adjacent wall component, visual inspection of the respective engagement profiles will again indicate the most appropriate form of assembly.
  • the edge profiles 115,120 of the front and rear walls 103,104 are trapped by the edge profiles 126 of the side wall components 105,106 when the barrier element 100 is assembled. Thus, assembly will often begin with one of either the front or rear walls 103, 104. It is suggested that the front wall component 103 and blast face 114 is first fixed to the base component 102 by inserting the lower locating tab 116 of said front wall 102 into the corresponding receiver 1 10 in the base 102. As the blast face 114 has a ground- engaging surface approximately in line with the ground-engaging surface of the base 102, the front wall component 103 is self-supporting in most circumstances.
  • a first one of the two side ' walls components 105,106 is then fitted by coupling the upright edge profile 126 to the corresponding edge profiles 115 of the front wall component and inserting the lower locating tab 129 thereof into the corresponding receiver 11 1 in the base component 102.
  • the reai- or front wall component 104 is then brought into position and coupled with the upright edge profile of the selected side wall and the lower locating tab 123 locks with the corresponding receiver 110 in the base component 102.
  • the remaining one of the side walls 105,106 is positioned against the upright edge profiles 115,120 of the front and rear walls before being manipulated or slid downwardly so that the lower locating tab 129 thereof engages the corresponding receiver 111 in the base component 102 to form an open- mouthed chamber C.
  • the upper locating tabs 117,124,130 of each of the front, rear and side walls protrude from the respective wall components and are arranged to be sliding received within the corresponding shaped receivers 132 of the top component 107 which is positioned to close the chamber C.
  • barrier elements may be positioned to form a wall or enclosure and may be disposed in arrangements such as that illustrated in Figure 7, so as to round a comer without presenting a "weak point".
  • the chamber C is ideally filled with attenuating media.
  • a sealing arrangement may allow for water to be used without leaking, however, the preferred arrangement is to use a media containing bag B, as illustrated in Figure 7.
  • a plurality of tab engaging straps S is fixed to the upper region of the bag B to prevent it collapsing into the chamber C.
  • a port P is provided in the bag to allow the bag to be filled and
  • the bag B may also be provided with internal chambers to prevent explosive dispersal of attenuating media in the event of wall penetration or blast rupture.
  • the invention is intended to encompass in its remit, unitary hollow blast defence barrier elements defining a chamber therein for filling with attenuating media.
  • a shaped body formed by a rotational moulding technique is provided with filling and, optionally, draining holes for the attenuating media, irrespective of whether water, sand, concrete or any other medium is chosen.
  • any appropriate manufacturing techniques may be applied, however, some constructions are more appropriate to particular techniques. For example, where the front, rear and side walls are formed as a single tubular body, extrusion would be a convenient manufacturing process.
  • an interior cell-like (honeycomb) structure could be extruded with the body, thus providing a means • of using different attenuating media within a barrier element without mixing them. It is thought that a cellular structure within the barrier element chamber provides enhanced blast mitigation or attenuation.
  • the barrier element may also be made as an open-mouthed container with either the base component or the top component omitted.
  • Each arrangement will have its own advantages and disadvantages, primarily relating to the ease with which the base component may be secured to the ground and the manner in which the chamber is filled.
  • An open-mouthed construction also raises the issue of nesting for storage and transportation. Where the barrier element has a consistent cross- sectioned profile, nesting is not an option, however, certain constructions of barrier element will allow this.
  • the barrier elements are provided in pairs, the first being larger than the second barrier element so that in a storage or transportation mode, the second barrier element is nestable within the first.
  • the barrier elements have concave or converse side walls, as with the illustrated embodiments, the radii of said walls remains constant but the width of the front, rear and . side walls are reduced. This allows for a barrier wall assembly to be constructed as before with every alternate element in the wall being slightly recessed, when viewed from the front or the rear.
  • the barrier element components may be formed with a single wall thickness or
  • the wall thickness is usually in the region of 10mm. Double skinned wall components will have thicknesses ranging from 5mm to 10mm, with 6mm being typical.
  • the current exemplary material for said wall components is medium-density polyethylene.
  • step-height units having shaped receivers can be used to support roof truss elements to which roof plates may be secured.
  • roof plates are ideally formed from the barrier element material and provide protection from sniper fire and shrapnel.
  • the roof plates are particularly useful where a cordon or corridor is provided for protecting personnel, "VIPs" or witnesses walking from one safe environment to another, for example, from an armoured vehicle to a building.
  • a third embodiment of blast defence barrier element 200 is formed from as few as three separate components, that is, a dual purpose base and top component 202, a dual purpose front and rear wall component 203 and a dual purpose side wall component 205.
  • the components are again fabricated using blast resistant Or attenuating materials selected from any one or more of a number of suitable materials known to those skilled in the art.
  • the components are double-skinned, blow moulded components, however, other manufacturing techniques are available to the skilled addressee.
  • the base component 202 is formed as a shaped platform having a first pair of receiving apertures 210 for receiving frusto-conically shaped locators of the front wall components 203 and a second pair for the rear wall component.
  • a series of three receiving apertures 211 is provided to locate a side wall component 205 at a number of different positions along the base component, as will be described in more detail hereinbelow.
  • the underside of the base component has corresponding side wall and front and real' wall receives therein, as illustrated in Figure 8b. This allows the base component 202 to act also as a top component.
  • the front wall component 203 includes side wall engagement profiles 215 along each of its upright edges and lower and upper locating tabs 216, 217 for engaging with corresponding receivers 210 of the base and top components 202.
  • the front wall component 203 is shaped so that it can be inverted to form the rear wall component also.
  • the side wall component 205 also has a dual purpose in that it can present a concave major outer surface when positioned at a corresponding -concaved edge profile of the base component 202 and a converse major outer surface at the opposite corresponding convex edge profile of the base component and includes lower and upper locators 229, 230 for engaging with the corresponding receivers 210 of the base and top components.
  • the side wall component 205 also includes front and rear wall engagement profiles 226 on the concave surface thereof and further front and rear wall engaging profile 227 on the convex surface thereof.
  • the blast deflection or attenuating surface 214 comprises an additional optional component having a substantially triangular cross-section. This component can be placed before the front and rear walls 203 to provide ballistic and blast protection thereto.
  • the deflection surface 214 is secured to the base component 202 by trapping a rectangular projection 235 within the receiving slot 213 of said base component 202.
  • a discrete barrier element 200 from these components, the following steps are made: if deflection or attenuating surfaces 214 are required these are positioned on the selected surface so that the projections thereof are trapped within the receiving slots 213 before a base component 202 is located on said surface and optionally secured thereto; a first side wall component 205 defining an outer concave surface is secured to the base 202 by engaging frusto-conical locators 229 into corresponding receivers 21 1 in the base component along its corresponding concave edge.
  • a front wall component is then positioned either as the front wall or as the rear wall of the barrier element 200 by securing locator tabs 216 into the corresponding receivers 210 of the base component 202 and a side wall engaging profile 215 into the corresponding receiver profiles 227 of the side wall.
  • the other of said front or rear walls is then positioned.
  • the convex second side wall 206 is then secured to the base component and to the front and rear walls by inserting the locator tabs 229 into the corresponding receivers 21 1 along the converse edge of the base component and receiving the front and rear wall engagement profiles 215.
  • a second base component 202 is then utilised as a top component by positioning it over the open-mouthed container thus formed, and engaging the respective upper locating tabs 217, 230 of the front, real" and side wall components in the corresponding receiver apertures 210, 211 to form a barrier element having an enclosed chamber C.
  • step-height barrier units 250 may be added to the discrete barrier elements 200 by adding a dual purpose front and rear wall component 253 and a dual purpose side wall component 255 to the existing barrier element 200 by coupling the step-height components 253, 255 to the top component 202 thereof and completing the unit by adding a further top component 202 thereto.
  • intermediate component 260 as shown in Figure 9c is used in place of the top component 202 of the barrier element 200 and the dual purpose step-height wall components 253, 255 are secured to the intermediate component. Additional step-height units may be built up in this way before the increasingly large chamber C is closed using a top component 202.
  • a barrier wall assembly may be constructed substantially as described hereinabove with respect to the fist and second embodiments. Accordingly, a barrier wall assembly may be formed as an enclosure or of any convenient shape.
  • a series of base components 202 are set down and deflection surfaces 214 fitted, as required.
  • a first side wall component is slotted into the receivers adjacent the concave edge of the base portion and front and rear wall components 203 are secured thereto by coupling the edge profiles 215 thereof in the slotted receiving profiles 227 of the side wall 205.
  • the second side wall component is then fitted and receives the front and rear edge wall profiles 215 in the inner slotted profile 226 to complete the open-mouthed container configuration.
  • Subsequent front and rear wall components are used to form additional open-mouthed containers which can then be closed by placing top components thereon. It will be appreciated that as each additional container is formed, it will be offset with respect to the base and top components.
  • Step-height barrier units 250 may also be formed in the same manner as the above barrier elements 200.
  • substantially U-shaped intermediate component 270 as shown in Figure 9d, is used in preference to the intermediate component 260 having a substantially identical peripheral profile to that of the base or top component 202.
  • the U-shaped intermediate component includes a coupling profile 272 at the end of each leg of the U-shape and corresponding profile receivers 274 on the convex edge thereof so the component may be coupled to an adjacent one in a barrier wall assembly.
  • a barrier wall assembly comprises a plurality of barrier elements 200 and step-height barrier units 250.
  • Each barrier element comprises a base component 202, front and rear wall components 203 and side wall components 205 to define a chamber C.
  • Step-height units 250 comprise U- shaped intermediate components 270 which operationally couple the front, rear and side walls components of the barrier elements to the corresponding front, rear 253 and side 255 wall components of the step-height units 250 which are capped off by top components 202.
  • Deflective surfaces 214 are also positioned along the front wall side of the barrier.
  • the chamber C is ideally filled with attenuating media.
  • a sealing arrangement may allow for water to be used without leaking, however, the preferred arrangement is to use a media-containing bag B.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un élément de barrière anti-déflagrations (1,100,200) et sur un ensemble en étant formé assurant la déviation, l'atténuation ou la réduction d'effets de souffle et la protection de personnel et de biens, d'attaques balistiques et des effets de ricochet et de rebond. Un tel ensemble comprend plusieurs éléments barrières (1,100,200) comprenant chacune une chambre close en C remplie de moyens d'atténuation des explosions. Dans une exécution préférée, les éléments de barrière anti-déflagrations (1,100,200) sont constitués de composants indépendants (2,3,4,5,6,7; 102,103,104,105,106,107; 202,203,205) relativement légers et faciles à stocker, transporter et ériger. Des sacs doublés B sont fixés et remplis in situ après l'érectionpour empêcher les fuites de moyens d'atténuation hors des chambres. Les éléments barrières (1,100,200) sont particulièrement utiles pour la construction de murs barrières anti-déflagrations, anti-impacts, pour passages protégés, anti-collisions, anti-radiations, et de séparation de détonations.
PCT/GB2008/000764 2007-03-06 2008-03-06 Élément de barrière anti-déflagrations Ceased WO2008107679A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0704288.0 2007-03-06
GB0704288A GB2447233A (en) 2007-03-06 2007-03-06 Blast defence barrier

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008107679A1 true WO2008107679A1 (fr) 2008-09-12

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2008/000764 Ceased WO2008107679A1 (fr) 2007-03-06 2008-03-06 Élément de barrière anti-déflagrations

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GB (1) GB2447233A (fr)
WO (1) WO2008107679A1 (fr)

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GB2598908B (en) * 2020-09-17 2023-05-10 Andrew Stone Mark Hostile vehicle mitigation system
DE102021001652A1 (de) 2021-03-29 2022-09-29 Bundesrepublik Deutschland, vertr. durch das Bundesministerium der Verteidigung, vertr. durch das Bundesamt für Ausrüstung, Informationstechnik und Nutzung der Bundeswehr Fahrzeugpanzerung
US20230358511A1 (en) * 2022-05-09 2023-11-09 Advanced Blast Protection Systems, LLC, dba SALERIA Systems and methods for protection against blast and ballistic threats

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Also Published As

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GB2447233A (en) 2008-09-10
GB0704288D0 (en) 2007-04-11

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