WO2008154978A2 - Procédé de production d'un élément de glissement pourvu d'un revêtement structuré à base d'argent et élément de glissement obtenu par ce procédé - Google Patents
Procédé de production d'un élément de glissement pourvu d'un revêtement structuré à base d'argent et élément de glissement obtenu par ce procédé Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008154978A2 WO2008154978A2 PCT/EP2008/003045 EP2008003045W WO2008154978A2 WO 2008154978 A2 WO2008154978 A2 WO 2008154978A2 EP 2008003045 W EP2008003045 W EP 2008003045W WO 2008154978 A2 WO2008154978 A2 WO 2008154978A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- sliding element
- metal
- silver
- coated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/60—Electroplating characterised by the structure or texture of the layers
- C25D5/615—Microstructure of the layers, e.g. mixed structure
- C25D5/617—Crystalline layers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/10—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D15/00—Electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings containing embedded materials, e.g. particles, whiskers, wires
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/60—Electroplating characterised by the structure or texture of the layers
- C25D5/605—Surface topography of the layers, e.g. rough, dendritic or nodular layers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a structured coated sliding element, in particular a sliding bearing, in which metal or a metal alloy is deposited electrolytically in at least two steps on the sliding element, wherein in the first step a layer containing silver as a main component at an unusually high current density of at least 1 A / dm 2 is electrodeposited to create a microstructure of the first layer.
- Sliding elements which are subject to mechanical stresses in the form of friction must have good sliding properties, high corrosion resistance and sufficient wear resistance.
- sliding elements in particular their running surfaces, can be provided with sliding layers in the form of electrolytically deposited metals or metal alloys.
- These coatings should on the one hand have sufficient ductility and show a low embrittlement tendency, especially under load and at high temperatures, and on the other hand have a high internal strength to withstand high loads.
- DE 197 54 221 A1 describes a layered composite material whose galvanically applied sliding layer, irrespective of the copper content, does not show any embrittlement even at relatively high temperatures, wherein the layered composite material has a sliding layer with 8-30% by weight copper, 60-97% by weight tin and 0.5-10 wt% cobalt.
- the sliding properties of coated sliding elements can additionally be improved by a lubricant film.
- a lubricant film For better adhesion of this lubricant film to the surface and to achieve better emergency running properties structuring of the Running surfaces of such sliding elements are provided.
- this object is achieved by a method for producing a structured coated sliding element, wherein on a sliding element in a first step, as a main component, based on the mass, silver-containing layer is deposited electrolytically and then on the first layer in a second step Metal or metal alloy layer is deposited electrolytically, wherein the current density in the first step is at least 1 A / dm 2 .
- a coated sliding member which has a high load capacity and a good lubricant retention capability, avoiding the step of prior mechanical structuring of the surface of the sliding member to be coated.
- a coating current density suitable for the electrolyte system is generally used in order to achieve a trouble-free, uniform metal coating.
- These current densities are specific for the electrolytes and thus for the metals and metal alloys to be deposited electrolytically and are known to the person skilled in the art.
- a metal or metal deposition layer is deposited which does not have its own microstructure.
- a special microstructuring of an electrodeposited silver layer or an alloy layer containing silver as a main constituent is produced in the form of a bud-shaped and / or dendritic structure, which is followed by subsequent electrolytic deposition of a second metal - or metal alloy layer leads to a highly resilient lubricious coating.
- the second layer follows the microstructuring of the first layer, and the bud-shaped and / or dendritic structure of the first layer (base layer) thus results in a particular microstructuring of the surface of the second layer in this two-step process. to a microstructuring of the surface of the applied coating.
- this coating leads to a high wear resistance of the coated sliding element, at the same time very good lubricant retention capacity of the surface.
- the high wear resistance of the coating produced by the process according to the invention is, without being bound thereto according to the invention, due to the increase in the internal strength of the applied coating by a change in the growth direction of the crystallization of the electrodeposited silver or the electrodeposited silver alloy.
- the hydrodynamics between a sliding member thus coated and a sliding partner is positively influenced by the improvement in the constancy of the lubricant.
- the emergency running properties and the resistance of the sliding element with respect to the adhesive wear are significantly increased.
- Another advantage of the coating process according to the invention is a shortening of the process, which results in a time saving and the production costs are reduced, since the previously required, prior mechanical or chemical etching generated structuring of the sliding member to be coated is no longer required.
- a sliding element is understood to mean elements, in particular machine elements, which have a sliding surface for sliding engagement with a mating surface and are to be provided with a sliding and anti-wear layer. These may be metallic or non-metallic sliding elements. If a metal or metal alloy layer is to be deposited on a non-metallic sliding element, the sliding element is first rendered electrically conductive by applying a thin metal film.
- the coating according to the invention can be used for coating different sliding elements, for example sliding bearings, bushes cylinders, pistons, bolts, seals, Valves and Daickzylindern.
- Preferred sliding elements are sliding bearings, in particular sliding bearings for motor vehicles, for example crankshaft bearings, camshaft bearings or connecting rod bearings.
- the coating method according to the invention can be used for coating the entire surface of the sliding element or only for coating the sliding surfaces of the sliding element.
- the sliding element may already be provided with additional metal or metal alloy layers before coating with the method according to the invention.
- a plain bearing usually has the following layer structure: steel (material of the sliding bearing), bearing metal layer, optionally a dam layer, sliding layer, optionally an inlet layer.
- the bearing metal layer may be, for example, a copper alloy layer, in particular a sintered or cast copper alloy layer.
- the dam layer can serve as a diffusion barrier and the sliding layer in turn can be applied by the method according to the invention.
- the first current density for depositing a layer containing as the main constituent, based on the mass, silver is preferably at least 1.5 A / dm 2 , more preferably at least 2 A / dm 2 , even more preferably at least 3 A / dm 2, and most preferably at least 5 A / dm 2 .
- these current densities particularly favorable microstructures of the silver layer or silver-based layer are obtained, which lead to highly loadable coated sliding surfaces.
- the electrolytic deposition in the second step is preferably carried out at such a low current density that the resulting second layer of metal or a metal alloy does not have its own microstructuring.
- a structure-free or microstructure-free coating or layer is understood to mean that the metal layer or metal alloy layer does not form its own microstructure, but deposits on the surface to be coated, following the surface structure of this coated surface.
- a surface to be coated may be sandblasted and thus have a macrostructure, which then follows the coating in the electrolytic deposition without, however, additionally forming its own microstructuring.
- the second current density for depositing a tin based on the mass as the main component or bismuth-containing layer no longer 4 A / dm 2 (ampere per square decimeter), preferably not more than 3 A / dm 2 , more preferably 0.5-3 A / dm 2 and even more preferably 0.5-2.5 A. / dm 2 .
- Tin as the main constituent, based on the mass, containing layers are tin layers which consist of 100 wt .-% or nearly 100 wt .-% of tin and contain only the usual impurities and alloys whose weight fraction of tin higher than the weight fraction of the remaining Alloy components is.
- the second current density is no longer 0.9 A / dm 2 , preferably 0.3-0.75 A / dm 2 , particularly preferably 0.5-0.75 A / dm 2 .
- the second current density is no longer 7 A / dm 2 , preferably not more than 6 A / dm 2 and particularly preferably 1 -5 A / dm 2 .
- the surface structure of the coated sliding element in particular the roughness of the surface and the density of the surface structures, can be controlled via the coating current density in the first step of the electrodeposition, which influences the expression of the buds and dendrites, and the layer thicknesses of the first layer and the second layer.
- the higher the current density in the first step the greater the layer thickness of the first layer and the smaller the layer thickness of the second layer deposited there above, the rougher the preserving surface and the denser the surface structure obtained.
- the internal strength of the coating and the surface structure of the type of use of the sliding element and the lubricant to be used can be adapted.
- the internal strength and the surface structure can be increased in the direction of a high load capacity, e.g. Crankshafts of high-revving internal combustion engines or in the direction of a high mileage, at e.g. Slide bearings are optimized by truck internal combustion engines.
- Suitable coating materials for the second layer are all metals and metal alloys which have sufficient ductility and strength for the respective sliding element and its desired use.
- the first and second layers may comprise the same metal or metal alloy or different metals or metal alloys. If the first and second layers are to comprise different metals or metal alloys, the electrolyte is changed before performing the second electrodeposition step.
- Suitable metals and metal alloys for the second layer are independently aluminum, antimony, bismuth, lead, iron, gold, copper, nickel, cobalt, silver, zinc and tin and their alloys. Preference is given to tin, silver and bismuth and their alloys, in particular those containing tin, silver or bismuth as main constituents. These Materials provide highly resilient and at the same time sufficiently ductile structured coatings according to the inventive method, which are particularly suitable for plain bearings.
- tin alloys containing the metals antimony, lead, copper, silver, bismuth, cobalt and / or nickel are preferred.
- examples are tin-antimony alloys, tin-copper alloys, tin-bismuth alloys and tin-lead alloys, in particular those containing tin as the main constituent, based on the mass, and preferably additionally silver, cobalt, aluminum, iron and / or nickel.
- the tin content of the tin-based alloys is preferably 60-98% by weight.
- Tin-copper alloys with 60-98% by weight of tin and 2-40% by weight of copper and tin-copper-cobalt alloys with 60-98% by weight tin, 1 are particularly preferred according to the invention for the second layer -30% by weight of copper and 1-10% by weight of cobalt, each of which may preferably additionally contain silver, bismuth and / or nickel as alloy constituents.
- an electrolyte is understood to mean an aqueous solution whose electrical conductivity is brought about by electrolytic dissociation into ions.
- the electrolyte therefore contains the metal or metals for forming the metal alloy in the form of ions, and moreover the usual electrolyzers known to those skilled in the art, such as, for example, acids and salts and the remainder water.
- the process of the invention is preferably carried out in an electrolyte containing 80-300 g / l (grams per liter) of methanesulfonic acid. Further, it is preferred that the electrolyte contains one or more mono- or polyhydroxybenzene (s) and / or beta-naphtholethoxylate.
- a particularly preferred electrolyte for carrying out the process of this invention comprises 1-150 g / l of depositable metal or ionic depositable metals, 80-300 g / l of methanesulfonic acid, preferably 80-250 g / l of methanesulfonic acid, 1-5 g / l of mono- or Polyhydroxybenzene, 30-45 g / l Cerolyt BMM-T (company Enthone) and the remainder water. Cerolyt BMM-T is an electrolyte additive containing ß-naphthol ethoxylate as its main constituent.
- the polyhydroxybenzene the di-, tri- and tetrahydroxybenzenes are suitable, preferred are dihydroxybenzenes, among which resorcinol is particularly preferred.
- the process according to the invention can also be carried out in a cyanide electrolyte commonly used in the prior art.
- Cyanide electrolytes usually contain as main constituents of the dissolved components cyanide and hydroxide salts, in particular in the form of potassium or sodium cyanide and potassium or sodium hydroxide.
- the above-mentioned current densities for producing silver layers or silver based on the composition of layers containing as the main component are preferably selected to be about twice as high.
- the first current density for producing a layer containing as the main constituent, based on the mass, silver is therefore preferably at least 2 A / dm 2 , more preferably at least 4 A / dm 2 , even more preferably at least 8 A / dm when using a cyanide electrolyte 2, and most preferably at least 10 A / dm 2 .
- electrolytes in particular the methanesulfonic acid-containing electrolyte described above, have proven to be particularly suitable for the formation of the structuring and the internal strength of the coating according to the invention.
- the desired layer thickness can be adjusted.
- the coating time in the first step is 5 to 60 seconds and in the second step 5 to 25 minutes.
- the temperature of the electrolyte for the deposition of the metal or the metal alloy is usually 20- 90 0 C, preferably 20-50 0 C.
- the layer thickness of the first layer is preferably in the range from 0.3 to 2 ⁇ m, particularly preferably in the range from 0.5 to 1.5 ⁇ m.
- the layer thickness of the second layer deposited thereon is preferably in the range from 4 to 25 ⁇ m and particularly preferably in the range from 5 to 12 ⁇ m.
- the first and / or the second layer additionally contain solid particles.
- the invention thus relates in a preferred embodiment to a method in which solid particles are incorporated into the first and / or the second layer.
- the electrolytic deposition is carried out in the presence of solid particles.
- the solid particles are advantageously dispersed in the electrolyte.
- the solid particles deposit during deposition on unevenness of the surface and are encapsulated by the subsequently deposited metal and / or fixed to the surface.
- Hard particles of tungsten carbide, chromium carbide, aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, boron carbide and / or diamond are preferably used as solid particles.
- the grain size of the solid particles is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 5 microns.
- Diamonds are particularly preferred as solid particles, and below this, in turn, those having a size in the range of 0.25-0.4 ⁇ m are preferred. Further, alumina particles having a particle size in the range of about 0.2-5 microns are preferred. Embedded diamond particles can be formed from mono- and / or polycrystalline diamond. With polycrystalline diamond, the better results are often achieved because a polycrystalline diamond has numerous slip planes due to the many different crystals.
- the solid particles or hard material particles can also be a mixture of solid particles of different types of substances in combination.
- solid lubricant particles may additionally be contained in the layer containing solid particles, whereby the layer can be adapted to the particular application.
- solid lubricant particles for example hexagonal boron nitride, graphite and / or polymer particles, in particular of polyethylene and / or polytetrafluoroethylene, can be incorporated into the layer.
- the first and second electrolytic deposition steps may be repeated, if necessary a plurality of times, so that the first and second layers are mutually deposited. For example, in this way four, six, eight, ten or twelve layers can be deposited on each other, so that the first layer, which has a bud-shaped and / or dendritic structure, and the second layer are applied alternately on the sliding element. In this way, an optimal coating can be produced depending on the material and the desired use. In particular, by repeating the first and second steps, an even higher internal strength and thus a higher load-bearing capacity of the coating can be achieved.
- a gradient structure can be generated, for example, by coating at a current density gradient or a concentration gradient.
- a decreasing microstructure can be generated by a current density decreasing in the first step, and the microstructuring can be adapted to the material to be deposited and the desired use.
- the coating method according to the invention may be favorable, under the first layer (base layer), which has a microstructuring, for better adhesion of this first layer and / or as a diffusion barrier on the sliding element, a lower layer of metal or a metal alloy, preferably by electrolytic deposition. It is therefore preferred in accordance with the invention to electrolytically deposit an underlayer of metal or a metal alloy prior to the first step of producing the first layer.
- a diffusion barrier is particularly advantageous if the metal located under the first layer diffuses with increasing service life of the sliding element in the first layer and thereby deteriorates the properties of the sliding element. For example, copper often diffuses into over-deposited tin layers, causing brittle phases to form and the deposited tin layer can flake off.
- the underlayer tin, nickel, iron, gold, cobalt, copper and their alloys are preferred. Particularly preferred are nickel and nickel alloys, since they act excellent as diffusion barriers.
- the backsheet is typically applied using conventional techniques, i. it does not have its own microstructuring. However, it is also possible for the lower layer to be applied electrolytically at a correspondingly high current density, so that the lower layer then has its own microstructuring.
- an inlet layer can be applied over the second layer, which facilitates the running in of the sliding element.
- This may be a Wettere electrolytic deposited metal or metal alloy layer or applied by PVD or CVO process layer.
- electrolytically deposited molybdenum-based layers, PVD and CVD layers are preferred. It is therefore preferred according to the invention, following the second step for producing a second layer, to apply an inflow layer, preferably by electrolytic deposition or by a PVD or CVD method.
- a PVD layer is understood to be a layer deposited on a sliding element by PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition). PVD processes are known per se to the person skilled in the art.
- the layer starting material is vaporized by laser, ion or electron beams or by arc discharge, usually under reduced pressure at about 1-1000 Pa, and the PVD layer formed by condensation of the material vapor on the substrate. If necessary, a suitable process gas can be supplied.
- a CVD layer is understood to mean a layer deposited by CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) on a sliding element.
- CVD methods are known per se to the person skilled in the art.
- PVD or CVD layers all coatings obtainable by PVD or CVD processes are suitable according to the invention.
- Preferred PVD and CVD layers are AISn 20 Cu and AISn 2O Fe.
- the run-in layer is applied according to the invention, in a layer thickness, so that. After a certain period of use, in particular after the running-in phase, it has worn away so far that the underlying second layer, which has a structured surface, comes to light. In this way, after the removal of the upper run-in layer, at least a part of the material located in the depressions of the underlying structured layer remains, so that the surface then remains from the elevations of the structured second layer and the material of the applied run-in layer remaining in the depressions of this structured layer is formed.
- the layer thickness of the inlet layer is preferably 4-12 ⁇ m, more preferably 4-8 ⁇ m, even more preferably 5-6 ⁇ m.
- an under-run layer is also understood to mean a deposited material which completely or partially fills the valleys of the underlying structured layer and thereby completely covers or merely partially covers or merely covers the overlying structured layer completely or partially fills the valleys of the underlying structured layer without forming a continuous layer in the sense of a complete coating.
- the layer thickness in the latter case is the mean value of the height of the filling of the valleys.
- the present invention further relates to a structured coated sliding element obtainable by the method according to the invention, in particular a plain bearing, e.g. Crankshaft, camshaft or connecting rod bearings.
- a plain bearing e.g. Crankshaft, camshaft or connecting rod bearings.
- the invention thus also relates to a structured coated sliding element, having a surface comprising a first layer applied to the surface, which contains silver as the main constituent, based on the mass, and a second layer of metal or a metal alloy applied thereover, wherein the first layer has a microstructuring.
- the surface may be the entire surface of the slider or include only the sliding surface (s) of the slider.
- the second layer preferably has no own Microstructuring on.
- the second layer preferably contains tin, silver or bismuth, in particular as the main constituent, based on the composition.
- the microstructuring of the first layer is preferably bud-shaped and / or dendritic.
- the second layer follows the microstructure of the first layer and therefore has a surface microstructure.
- the invention further relates to a structured coated sliding member comprising, in addition to the first and second layers, a lower layer of metal or a metal alloy disposed below the first layer.
- the underlayer can advantageously contribute to imparting better adhesion of the first layer to the sliding element and / or serve as a diffusion barrier.
- the invention relates to a coated sliding member comprising an enema layer over the second layer in addition to the first and second layers and optionally the subbing layer described above.
- the run-in layer is preferably an electrodeposited metal or metal alloy layer, a PVD or CVD layer.
- the structured, coated sliding element according to the invention has the advantages described above in connection with the method.
- the suitable, preferred and particularly preferred embodiments described in the method according to the invention are likewise suitable, preferred and particularly preferred in the case of the coated sliding element according to the invention.
- An identical slide bearing is coated in the electrolyte having the same composition as described in the above example for 22 minutes at a current density of 0.5 A / dm 2 .
- the load capacity was tested with Underwood tests.
- a shaft with eccentric weights rotates in rigidly mounted connecting rods.
- the bearings in the connecting rods are formed by the test bearings.
- the test bearings have a wall thickness of 1, 4 mm and a diameter of 50 mm.
- the bearing width is used to set the specific load.
- the speed is 4000 revolutions / min.
- the maximum load capacity in megapascals (MPa) without sliding-layer fatigue after 250 h endurance test was measured.
- the sliding bearing coated according to the method according to the invention has a significantly improved load-bearing capacity compared with the slide bearing coated according to conventional methods. Furthermore, the plain bearing coated according to the invention exhibited a markedly improved lubricant retention capacity compared with the sliding bearing coated in the comparison test, as verified by visual inspection. This increased lubricant holding ability improves the sliding properties and the emergency running properties of the sliding bearing coated according to the invention.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention concerne un procédé de production d'un élément de glissement pourvu d'un revêtement structuré. Ce procédé comprend une première étape consistant à déposer une couche contenant de l'argent comme constituant principal, par rapport à la masse, sur un élément de glissement par voie électrolytique, ainsi qu'une deuxième étape consistant à déposer une couche de métal ou d'alliage métallique sur la première couche par voie électrolytique, la densité du courant au cours de la première étape étant supérieure ou égale à 1 A/dm2. L'invention concerne en outre un élément de glissement pourvu d'un revêtement structuré.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007028211.9 | 2007-06-20 | ||
| DE102007028211A DE102007028211A1 (de) | 2007-06-20 | 2007-06-20 | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mit Silber strukturiert beschichteten Gleitelements und danach erhältliches Gleitelement |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2008154978A2 true WO2008154978A2 (fr) | 2008-12-24 |
| WO2008154978A3 WO2008154978A3 (fr) | 2009-09-03 |
Family
ID=39591780
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2008/003045 Ceased WO2008154978A2 (fr) | 2007-06-20 | 2008-04-16 | Procédé de production d'un élément de glissement pourvu d'un revêtement structuré à base d'argent et élément de glissement obtenu par ce procédé |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE102007028211A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2008154978A2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102015104262A1 (de) * | 2015-03-20 | 2016-09-22 | Carl Zeiss Smt Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines reflektiven optischen Elements und reflektives optisches Element |
| US9850588B2 (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2017-12-26 | Rohm And Haas Electronic Materials Llc | Bismuth electroplating baths and methods of electroplating bismuth on a substrate |
| US20230304180A1 (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2023-09-28 | Rohm And Haas Electronic Materials Llc | Method of inhibiting tarnish formation and corrosion |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1048757B (fr) * | 1953-07-08 | 1959-01-15 | ||
| GB2060692B (en) * | 1979-09-28 | 1984-07-25 | Taiho Kogyo Co Ltd | Bearing of an internal combustion engine and process for producing the same |
| JPS57192257A (en) * | 1981-05-22 | 1982-11-26 | Hitachi Ltd | Manufacture of bearing construction with solid lubricant |
| JP2575814B2 (ja) * | 1988-06-14 | 1997-01-29 | 大同メタル工業 株式会社 | 多層摺動材料 |
| JP2601555B2 (ja) * | 1989-11-20 | 1997-04-16 | 大同メタル工業 株式会社 | 多層すべり軸受材 |
| DE4211642C2 (de) * | 1992-04-07 | 1997-11-13 | Braunschweiger Huettenwerk | Verfahren zum Herstellen von Gleitlager-Schichtwerkstoff oder Gleitlager-Schichtwerkstücken |
| DE4340073C2 (de) * | 1992-11-27 | 1995-07-06 | Glyco Metall Werke | Gleitelement und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
| DE19606993C1 (de) * | 1996-02-24 | 1997-04-03 | Glyco Metall Werke | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schichtwerkstoff für Gleitlager sowie ein Galvanisierbad zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens |
| US6251249B1 (en) * | 1996-09-20 | 2001-06-26 | Atofina Chemicals, Inc. | Precious metal deposition composition and process |
| DE19754221A1 (de) | 1997-12-06 | 1999-06-17 | Federal Mogul Wiesbaden Gmbh | Schichtverbundwerkstoff für Gleitlager mit bleifreier Gleitschicht |
| DE19852481C2 (de) * | 1998-11-13 | 2002-09-12 | Federal Mogul Wiesbaden Gmbh | Schichtverbundwerkstoff für Gleitelemente und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
| DE10121593A1 (de) * | 2001-05-03 | 2002-11-07 | Duralloy Ag Haerkingen | Verfahren zur Beschichtung von Werkstücken mit einem Lagermetall |
| GB2380772B (en) * | 2001-09-10 | 2004-06-09 | Daido Metal Co | Sliding member |
| DE10337029B4 (de) * | 2003-08-12 | 2009-06-04 | Federal-Mogul Wiesbaden Gmbh | Schichtverbundwerkstoff, Herstellung und Verwendung |
| JP4195455B2 (ja) * | 2005-03-25 | 2008-12-10 | 大同メタル工業株式会社 | 摺動部材 |
-
2007
- 2007-06-20 DE DE102007028211A patent/DE102007028211A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2008
- 2008-04-16 WO PCT/EP2008/003045 patent/WO2008154978A2/fr not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102007028211A1 (de) | 2008-12-24 |
| WO2008154978A3 (fr) | 2009-09-03 |
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