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WO2008152494A2 - Plant for the production of energy from the waste deriving from processing of rice - Google Patents

Plant for the production of energy from the waste deriving from processing of rice Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008152494A2
WO2008152494A2 PCT/IB2008/001534 IB2008001534W WO2008152494A2 WO 2008152494 A2 WO2008152494 A2 WO 2008152494A2 IB 2008001534 W IB2008001534 W IB 2008001534W WO 2008152494 A2 WO2008152494 A2 WO 2008152494A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vapour
combustion
fluid
combustion unit
plant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IB2008/001534
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2008152494A3 (en
Inventor
Tullio Caselli
Ibrahim Gulyurtlu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shap Corp Srl
Original Assignee
Shap Corp Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shap Corp Srl filed Critical Shap Corp Srl
Publication of WO2008152494A2 publication Critical patent/WO2008152494A2/en
Publication of WO2008152494A3 publication Critical patent/WO2008152494A3/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/006—General arrangement of incineration plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/04—Heat supply by installation of two or more combustion apparatus, e.g. of separate combustion apparatus for the boiler and the superheater respectively
    • F22B31/045—Steam generators specially adapted for burning refuse
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/30—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a fluidised bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/10—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of field or garden waste or biomasses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/50—Fluidised bed furnace
    • F23G2203/503—Fluidised bed furnace with two or more fluidised beds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
    • F23G2206/20—Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation
    • F23G2206/203—Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation with a power/heat generating installation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/70—Incinerating particular products or waste
    • F23G2900/7012—Incinerating rice or grain husks, hulls or bran
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a plant for the production of energy from the waste deriving from processing of rice.
  • the waste deriving from processing of rice is basically constituted by chaff and husks.
  • the husks consist in the coating membrane of the grain of rice, whilst the chaff is the powdery part of the outer layers of the grain of rice .
  • the aim of the present invention is to provide a plant for the production of energy, the technical characteristics of which will enable use as fuel of different types of waste deriving from processing of rice that present characteristics of combustion different from one another.
  • Forming the subject of the present invention is a plant for the production of electrical energy characterized in that it comprises a fluid-bed combustor, a water/vapour recirculation line, a line for conveying the exhaust gases of the fluid-bed combustor, a vaporizer, and a turbine connected to a current generator and driven by the vapour produced; said fluid-bed combustor comprising a first combustion unit in which a fuel with low calorific value is burnt, and a second combustion unit in which a fuel with high calorific value is burnt and which is separated from said first combustion unit by means of a wall made of refractory material such that the two forms of combustion do not interfere with one another.
  • At least one vaporizer element is housed inside said second combustion unit .
  • Designated as a whole by 1 in the figure is the plant that forms the subject of the present invention.
  • the plant 1 comprises a fluid-bed combustor 2, a water/vapour- recirculation line 3, a line for conveying the exhaust gases 4 of the fluid-bed combustor 2, a vaporizer 5, water/vapour- heating means 6, and a turbine 7 connected to a current generator 8 and driven by the vapour produced.
  • the fluid-bed combustor presents a series of characteristics of combustion such as to guarantee low levels of emission and hence a modest environmental impact.
  • the advantageous characteristics peculiar to fluid-bed combustion regard an extremely extensive surface for combustion and heat exchange due to the turbulence generated by the fluid bed, a good contact between the combustion air and the fuel due to the intense mixing generated in the fluid bed, a high thermal capacity of the sand bed in proportion to the amount of fuel fed, and an optimal combustion of the effluents thanks to the free space at the top of the bed in which the combustion of the gases that have been generated during the process is completed.
  • fuel for ignition it is possible to use heavy oil, propane or natural gas, whilst the sand may be of the river-silica type, unground and dry with an average grain size of 0.32 mm.
  • the fluid-bed combustor 2 comprises a first combustion unit 9 in which the chaff is burnt, and a second combustion unit 10 in which the husks are burnt.
  • the two combustion units 9 and 10 are separated from one another by a wall 11 made of refractory material .
  • each of the combustion units 9 and 10 basically comprises a combustion chamber 12, a combustion-air supply system 13, a secondary-air supply system 14, a reservoir 15 for storage of the fuel, such as chaff or husks, a fuel-supply system 16, a system for extraction of the ashes 17, and injection-ignition means (not illustrated and described in detail in so far as they are known) .
  • Each of the combustion-air supply systems 12 comprises an auxiliary burner 18.
  • the fluid-bed combustor 2 enables combustion of two different fuels, such as husks and chaff, without the two forms of combustion interfering with one another.
  • the two combustion units 9 and 10 operate at two different temperatures.
  • the two fuels are supplied to the fluid-bed combustor 2 only when the bed acquires the temperature envisaged by use of the auxiliary- fuel, which is supplied to the combustion-air supply system 11 and comprises primary air for fluidification of the sand bed.
  • the temperature of the bed is controlled in order to ensure that the temperature of melting of the ashes is not reached.
  • the vaporizer 5 is housed in the second combustion unit 10 and is connected to a water/vapour reservoir 19 for taking the water therefrom and introducing therein the vapour produced.
  • the water/vapour-heating means 6 comprise a first economizer 20 operating with the exhaust gases coming from the first combustion unit 9, a second economizer 21, and a superheater 22 both operating with the exhaust gas coming from the second combustion unit 10.
  • the first and second economizers 20 and 21 bring the water to a temperature close to boiling point
  • the superheater 22 brings the vapour coming from the water/vapour reservoir 19 to a design temperature .
  • the exhaust-gas conveying line 4 comprises a first set of cyclone filters 23a for collection of the particulate matter present in the exhaust gases of the first combustion unit 9, and a second set of cyclone filters 23b for the collection of the particulate matter present in the exhaust gases of the second combustion unit 10.
  • the exhaust-gas conveying line 4 is connected to the secondary-air supply systems 14 of the two respective combustion units 9 and 10, and moreover comprises a disposal assembly 24 (known and not described in detail) .
  • the vaporization-water recirculation line 3 comprises a condenser 25 and a water-treatment assembly 26 set in sequence downstream of the turbine 7.
  • the combustion of the chaff produces an exhaust gas at a temperature lower than that of the gas produced by the combustion of the husks.
  • the exhaust gas coming from the combustion of the chaff is used for a first heating of the vaporization water by means of the first economizer 20, whilst the exhaust gas coming from the combustion of the husks is used both for a more intense heating of the vaporization water by means of the second economizer 21 and for raising the temperature of the vapour by means of the superheater 22.
  • Both of the exhaust gases are introduced into the atmosphere after being treated by the disposal assembly 24.
  • vapour is appropriately heated by means of the superheater 22 and conveyed into the turbine 7 for the production of electrical energy by means of the generator 8.
  • the vapour that has come out of the turbine 7 is brought to the liquid state by means of the condenser 25, and the water that derives therefrom starts the heating treatment again from the first economizer 20.
  • the plant according to the present invention enables simultaneous exploitation as fuel of the waste materials deriving from processing of rice that present different characteristics of combustion, thus guaranteeing a better and more efficient use of renewable sources for the production of energy.
  • the plant according to the present invention can use also fuel different from husks and chaff and fuel that in any case presents different characteristics of combustion.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

A plant (1) for the production of electrical energy comprising a fluid-bed combustor (2), a water/vapour- recirculation line (3), a line for conveying the exhaust gases (4) of the fluid- bed combustor (2), a vaporizer (5), and a turbine (7) connected to a current generator (8) and driven by the vapour produced. The fluid-bed combustor (2) comprises a first combustion unit (9) in which a fuel with low calorific value is burnt, and a second combustion unit (10) in which a fuel with high calorific value and separate from said first combustion unit (9) is burnt by means of a wall (11) made of a refractory material such that the two forms of combustion do not interfere with one another.

Description

"PLANT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ENERGY FROM THE WASTE DERIVING FROM PROCESSING OF RICE"
TECHNICAL FILED
The present invention relates to a plant for the production of energy from the waste deriving from processing of rice.
BACKGROUND ART
As it is known, the problems regarding the availability and cost of traditional energy sources have given increasing impulse to the search for new energy sources, in particular renewable energy sources .
In this context, as renewable energy source, waste deriving from processing of rice has been considered.
The waste deriving from processing of rice is basically constituted by chaff and husks. The husks consist in the coating membrane of the grain of rice, whilst the chaff is the powdery part of the outer layers of the grain of rice .
These two types of waste present a different nature that prevents simultaneous use thereof as fuel. In particular, the two types of waste have different calorific values and different characteristics of combustion.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The aim of the present invention is to provide a plant for the production of energy, the technical characteristics of which will enable use as fuel of different types of waste deriving from processing of rice that present characteristics of combustion different from one another.
Forming the subject of the present invention is a plant for the production of electrical energy characterized in that it comprises a fluid-bed combustor, a water/vapour recirculation line, a line for conveying the exhaust gases of the fluid-bed combustor, a vaporizer, and a turbine connected to a current generator and driven by the vapour produced; said fluid-bed combustor comprising a first combustion unit in which a fuel with low calorific value is burnt, and a second combustion unit in which a fuel with high calorific value is burnt and which is separated from said first combustion unit by means of a wall made of refractory material such that the two forms of combustion do not interfere with one another.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least one vaporizer element is housed inside said second combustion unit .
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
The following non-limiting example is provided for illustrative purposes to enable a better understanding of the invention, with the aid of the figure of the annexed drawing, which illustrates in schematic form the plant according to the present invention.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Designated as a whole by 1 in the figure is the plant that forms the subject of the present invention.
The plant 1 comprises a fluid-bed combustor 2, a water/vapour- recirculation line 3, a line for conveying the exhaust gases 4 of the fluid-bed combustor 2, a vaporizer 5, water/vapour- heating means 6, and a turbine 7 connected to a current generator 8 and driven by the vapour produced.
As it will be known to a person skilled in the branch, the fluid-bed combustor presents a series of characteristics of combustion such as to guarantee low levels of emission and hence a modest environmental impact. As it is known, the advantageous characteristics peculiar to fluid-bed combustion regard an extremely extensive surface for combustion and heat exchange due to the turbulence generated by the fluid bed, a good contact between the combustion air and the fuel due to the intense mixing generated in the fluid bed, a high thermal capacity of the sand bed in proportion to the amount of fuel fed, and an optimal combustion of the effluents thanks to the free space at the top of the bed in which the combustion of the gases that have been generated during the process is completed. In particular, as fuel for ignition it is possible to use heavy oil, propane or natural gas, whilst the sand may be of the river-silica type, unground and dry with an average grain size of 0.32 mm.
The fluid-bed combustor 2 comprises a first combustion unit 9 in which the chaff is burnt, and a second combustion unit 10 in which the husks are burnt. The two combustion units 9 and 10 are separated from one another by a wall 11 made of refractory material .
In particular, each of the combustion units 9 and 10 basically comprises a combustion chamber 12, a combustion-air supply system 13, a secondary-air supply system 14, a reservoir 15 for storage of the fuel, such as chaff or husks, a fuel-supply system 16, a system for extraction of the ashes 17, and injection-ignition means (not illustrated and described in detail in so far as they are known) .
Each of the combustion-air supply systems 12 comprises an auxiliary burner 18.
The fluid-bed combustor 2 according to the present invention enables combustion of two different fuels, such as husks and chaff, without the two forms of combustion interfering with one another. In particular, the two combustion units 9 and 10 operate at two different temperatures. The two fuels are supplied to the fluid-bed combustor 2 only when the bed acquires the temperature envisaged by use of the auxiliary- fuel, which is supplied to the combustion-air supply system 11 and comprises primary air for fluidification of the sand bed. The temperature of the bed is controlled in order to ensure that the temperature of melting of the ashes is not reached. In order to ensure a complete combustion, in each of the two combustion units 9 and 10 it is envisaged to introduce further air over the bed through the secondary-air supply system 14.
The vaporizer 5 is housed in the second combustion unit 10 and is connected to a water/vapour reservoir 19 for taking the water therefrom and introducing therein the vapour produced.
The water/vapour-heating means 6 comprise a first economizer 20 operating with the exhaust gases coming from the first combustion unit 9, a second economizer 21, and a superheater 22 both operating with the exhaust gas coming from the second combustion unit 10. In particular, the first and second economizers 20 and 21 bring the water to a temperature close to boiling point, and the superheater 22 brings the vapour coming from the water/vapour reservoir 19 to a design temperature .
The exhaust-gas conveying line 4 comprises a first set of cyclone filters 23a for collection of the particulate matter present in the exhaust gases of the first combustion unit 9, and a second set of cyclone filters 23b for the collection of the particulate matter present in the exhaust gases of the second combustion unit 10. The exhaust-gas conveying line 4 is connected to the secondary-air supply systems 14 of the two respective combustion units 9 and 10, and moreover comprises a disposal assembly 24 (known and not described in detail) .
The vaporization-water recirculation line 3 comprises a condenser 25 and a water-treatment assembly 26 set in sequence downstream of the turbine 7. The combustion of the chaff produces an exhaust gas at a temperature lower than that of the gas produced by the combustion of the husks. For this reason, the exhaust gas coming from the combustion of the chaff is used for a first heating of the vaporization water by means of the first economizer 20, whilst the exhaust gas coming from the combustion of the husks is used both for a more intense heating of the vaporization water by means of the second economizer 21 and for raising the temperature of the vapour by means of the superheater 22. Both of the exhaust gases are introduced into the atmosphere after being treated by the disposal assembly 24.
Once production of vapour by means of the vaporizer 5 has been obtained, the vapour is appropriately heated by means of the superheater 22 and conveyed into the turbine 7 for the production of electrical energy by means of the generator 8. The vapour that has come out of the turbine 7 is brought to the liquid state by means of the condenser 25, and the water that derives therefrom starts the heating treatment again from the first economizer 20.
As emerges clearly from the above description, the plant according to the present invention enables simultaneous exploitation as fuel of the waste materials deriving from processing of rice that present different characteristics of combustion, thus guaranteeing a better and more efficient use of renewable sources for the production of energy.
As emerges from what is specified in the claims, the plant according to the present invention can use also fuel different from husks and chaff and fuel that in any case presents different characteristics of combustion.

Claims

C L A I M S
1. A plant (1) for the production of electrical energy, characterized in that it comprises: a fluid-bed combustor (2) ; a water/vapour-recirculation line (3); a line for conveying the exhaust gases (4) of the fluid-bed combustor (2) ; a vaporizer (5) ; and a turbine (7) , which is connected to a current generator (8) and driven by the vapour produced; said fluid-bed combustor (2) comprising a first combustion unit (9) in which a fuel with low calorific value is burnt, and a second combustion unit (10) in which a fuel with high calorific value is burnt and which is separated from said first combustion unit (9) by means of a wall (11) made of refractory material such that the two forms of combustion will not interfere with one another.
2. The plant (1) for the production of electrical energy according to Claim 1, characterized in that said vaporizer (5) is housed in the second combustion unit (10) and is connected to a water/vapour reservoir (19) for taking the water therefrom and introducing the vapour produced therein.
3. The plant (1) for the production of electrical energy according to Claim 1 or Claim 2 , characterized in that it comprises water/vapour-heating means (6) .
4. The plant (1) for the production of electrical energy according to Claim 3 , characterized in that said water/vapour- heating means (6) comprise at least one economizer (20) operating with the exhaust gas coming from the fluid-bed combustor (2) and designed to raise the temperature of the water, and a superheater (22) operating with the exhaust gas coming from the fluid-bed combustor (2) and designed to raise the temperature of the vapour produced by said vaporizer (5) .
5. The plant (1) for the production of electrical energy according to Claim 4, characterized in that said water/vapour- heating means (6) comprise a first economizer (20) operating with the exhaust gas coming from the first combustion unit (9) , and a second economizer (21) operating with the exhaust gas coming from the second combustion unit (10) ; and in that said superheater (22) functions with the exhaust gas coming from the second combustion unit (10) .
PCT/IB2008/001534 2007-06-15 2008-06-13 Plant for the production of energy from the waste deriving from processing of rice Ceased WO2008152494A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITBO20070421 ITBO20070421A1 (en) 2007-06-15 2007-06-15 PLANT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ENERGY FROM WASTE OF RICE PROCESSING
ITBO2007A000421 2007-06-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008152494A2 true WO2008152494A2 (en) 2008-12-18
WO2008152494A3 WO2008152494A3 (en) 2009-07-23

Family

ID=39942944

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2008/001534 Ceased WO2008152494A2 (en) 2007-06-15 2008-06-13 Plant for the production of energy from the waste deriving from processing of rice

Country Status (2)

Country Link
IT (1) ITBO20070421A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2008152494A2 (en)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1217518A (en) * 1958-03-11 1960-05-04 Sulzer Ag Steam power plant equipped with a forced passage steam generator and a steam engine with at least two stages
NL227073A (en) * 1958-03-12
DE3338107A1 (en) * 1982-11-30 1984-05-30 BBC Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie., Baden, Aargau Coal-fired power station with fluidised-bed furnace
GB2144835B (en) * 1983-08-05 1986-07-30 Energy Equip Fluidised bed combustors
US5678497A (en) * 1996-04-30 1997-10-21 Foster Wheeler Energy International, Inc. Apparatus for distributing secondary air into a large scale circulating fluidized bed
JPH109545A (en) * 1996-06-26 1998-01-16 Babcock Hitachi Kk Waste-burning boiler
FI113562B (en) * 2002-05-24 2004-05-14 Kvaerner Power Oy Power boiler and method for burning fuel in a boiler

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2008152494A3 (en) 2009-07-23
ITBO20070421A1 (en) 2008-12-16

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