[go: up one dir, main page]

WO2008144220A1 - Batte à paroi unique comprenant une fibre structurelle de verre e - Google Patents

Batte à paroi unique comprenant une fibre structurelle de verre e Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2008144220A1
WO2008144220A1 PCT/US2008/062786 US2008062786W WO2008144220A1 WO 2008144220 A1 WO2008144220 A1 WO 2008144220A1 US 2008062786 W US2008062786 W US 2008062786W WO 2008144220 A1 WO2008144220 A1 WO 2008144220A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fibers
ball bat
oriented
longitudinal axis
lamina
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2008/062786
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
William B. Giannetti
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Easton Sports Inc
Original Assignee
Easton Sports Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Easton Sports Inc filed Critical Easton Sports Inc
Publication of WO2008144220A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008144220A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B59/00—Bats, rackets, or the like, not covered by groups A63B49/00 - A63B57/00
    • A63B59/50—Substantially rod-shaped bats for hitting a ball in the air, e.g. for baseball
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B59/00—Bats, rackets, or the like, not covered by groups A63B49/00 - A63B57/00
    • A63B59/50—Substantially rod-shaped bats for hitting a ball in the air, e.g. for baseball
    • A63B59/54—Substantially rod-shaped bats for hitting a ball in the air, e.g. for baseball made of plastic
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2102/00—Application of clubs, bats, rackets or the like to the sporting activity ; particular sports involving the use of balls and clubs, bats, rackets, or the like
    • A63B2102/18—Baseball, rounders or similar games
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2102/00—Application of clubs, bats, rackets or the like to the sporting activity ; particular sports involving the use of balls and clubs, bats, rackets, or the like
    • A63B2102/18—Baseball, rounders or similar games
    • A63B2102/182—Softball
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2209/00—Characteristics of used materials
    • A63B2209/02—Characteristics of used materials with reinforcing fibres, e.g. carbon, polyamide fibres
    • A63B2209/023—Long, oriented fibres, e.g. wound filaments, woven fabrics, mats

Definitions

  • Hollow baseball and Softball bats typically exhibit a "trampoline effect" when striking a baseball or softball.
  • This trampoline effect is a direct result of the transfer of potential energy, which is stored in the local bat hoop mode as deformation, back to the ball in the form of kinetic energy.
  • the trampoline effect is substantially optimized when the transfer of energy incurs minimal losses. This occurs when the ball is struck such that the strain recovery of the hoop mode barrel wall is in phase with the strain recovery of the ball. Under such conditions, maximum kinetic energy transfer to the ball may be realized.
  • the efficiency of this energy transfer to the ball can be measured as a coefficient of restitution (COR). The COR is determined by dividing the post impact ball velocity by the incident ball velocity, which represents the efficiency of energy transfer between the bat and the ball.
  • Double-wall or multi-wall bat barrels have been developed in an effort to increase barrel performance, while maintaining an overall wall thickness that provides sufficient barrel durability.
  • Multi-wall bats expand the amount of deflection possible relative to a single-wall design by increasing the barrel compliance, specifically by reducing the hoop (radial) stiffness of the bat barrel. While multi-wall bats have generally been successful, they are typically more expensive to manufacture than single-wall bats. Thus, when budget or selling price is a controlling factor, single-wall bats may be desirable.
  • Single-wall composite bats would not perform well or be durable enough to justify investing significant time in their development.
  • Single-wall bats have recently been developed, however, that include one or more polymer composite materials reinforced by three- dimensional fibers, such as woven or braided glass fibers.
  • An example of a single-wall ball bat 5 including three-dimensional fibers 8 is shown in Figs. 1 and 1A.
  • a single-wall ball bat is made up of a series of layers or plies of unidirectional, two-dimensional, structural fibers.
  • the plies are optionally layered upon each other in a lamina structure in which the fibers in one ply are oriented at opposing angles to the fibers in one or more neighboring plies.
  • Low tensile modulus, two-dimensional E-glass fibers, oriented to provide desired durability, may optionally be used to construct at least a substantial portion of the barrel or other regions of the ball bat.
  • Fig. 1 is a side-sectional view of a prior art single-wall ball bat including three-dimensional fiber layers.
  • Fig. 1A is a partial magnified view of the three-dimensional fiber layers of the prior art ball bat shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 2 is a side-sectional view of a single-wall ball bat including two- dimensional fiber layers.
  • Fig. 2A is a partial magnified view of the two-dimensional fiber layers of the ball bat shown in Fig. 2, according to one embodiment.
  • Fig. 3 is a partial magnified side view of the two-dimensional fiber layers shown in Fig. 2A.
  • Fig. 3A is a magnified side view of a series of lamina sets of the two-dimensional fiber layers shown in Fig. 3.
  • a baseball or softball bat 10 hereinafter collectively referred to as a "ball bat” or “bat,” includes a handle 12, a barrel 14, and a transition region 16 or tapered section joining the handle 12 to the barrel 14.
  • the free end of the handle 12 includes a knob 18 or similar structure.
  • the barrel 14 is preferably closed off by a suitable cap, plug, rollover, or other end closure 20.
  • the end closure 20 may be attached via press fit or adhesive, or by threading, pinning, or by another suitable method.
  • the interior of the bat 10 is preferably hollow, allowing the bat 10 to be relatively lightweight so that ball players may generate substantial bat speed when swinging the bat 10.
  • the ball bat 10 preferably has an overall length of 20 to 40 inches, or 26 to 34 inches.
  • the overall barrel diameter is preferably 2.0 to 3.0 inches, or 2.25 to 2.75 inches.
  • Typical bats have diameters of 2.25, 2.625, or 2.75 inches. Bats having various combinations of these overall lengths and barrel diameters, as well as any other suitable dimensions, are contemplated herein.
  • the specific preferred combination of bat dimensions is generally dictated by the user of the bat 10, and may vary greatly between users. Thus, the ball bat 10 may have greater or lesser dimensions than those described.
  • the entire ball bat 10 may be formed as "one piece” or two or more pieces, such as separate handle and barrel pieces.
  • a one-piece bat design generally refers to the barrel 14, the transition region 16, and the handle 12 of the ball bat 10 having no gaps, inserts, jackets, or bonded structures that act to appreciably thicken the barrel wall(s).
  • the distinct laminate layers are preferably integral to the barrel structure so that they all act in unison under loading conditions.
  • the layers of the bat 10 are preferably co-cured, and are therefore not made up of a series of connected tubes (e.g., inserts or jackets) that each have a separate wall thickness at the ends of the tubes.
  • the bat barrel 14 is preferably a single-wall structure made up of a series of layers 22 or plies of unidirectional, structural fibers.
  • the fibers are preferably two-dimensional, meaning they are not woven or braided, and do not intersect the cylindrical plane of the ball bat 10.
  • the unidirectional, structural fibers are preferably embedded in a resin matrix of epoxy, vinyl ester, polyester, urethane, nylon, or any other suitable resin.
  • the fibers may optionally be pre-impregnated with the resin matrix material.
  • a substantial percentage of the fibers in the bat barrel 14 preferably have a low tensile Young's modulus so that the single-wall barrel 14 is able to impart significant energy to a ball when the barrel 14 strikes the ball.
  • E-glass fibers which may have a tensile Young's modulus of approximately 9.5-11 msi, or 10.5 msi, may be used to construct at least a substantial portion of the barrel 14 or other bat regions.
  • E-glass composite structures typically exhibit excellent damping properties relative to graphite and metal dominated structures, due to E-Glass's relatively low tensile Young's modulus.
  • the ball bat 10 when a significant portion of the ball bat 10 is constructed using E-Glass fibers, the ball bat 10 exhibits favorable vibration damping characteristics.
  • at least 50%, or 50-60%, or 60-70%, or 70- 80%, or 80-90%, or 90-100% of the fibers in the bat barrel 14 comprise E-glass fibers.
  • the remaining barrel layers may include structural fibers of glass, graphite, boron, carbon, aramid (e.g., Kevlar®), ceramic, quartz, metallic, and/or any other suitable structural fibrous materials.
  • the barrel 14 or ball bat 10 includes 50-90% E-glass fibers and 10-50% graphite fibers.
  • fiber layers 22 in the barrel 14 are preferably laid upon each other such that the fibers in neighboring layers are oriented at opposing angles to one another to form a lamina structure.
  • the lamina structure may include one or more lamina sets 30, each including a pair of layers 22, with a first layer 32 including fibers oriented at a positive angle and a second layer 34 including fibers oriented at an opposing negative angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the ball bat 10. Multiple lamina sets 30 may be laid upon one another to form the desired barrel thickness.
  • the positive angle at which the fibers in the first layer 32 are oriented is equal to or substantially equal to the absolute value of the negative angle at which the fibers in the second layer 34 are oriented.
  • the fibers in the first layer 32 in a lamina set may be oriented at 30°, 45°, or 60°
  • the fibers in the second layer 34 in the lamina set may be oriented at a corresponding -30°, -45°, or -60°, respectively, relative to the longitudinal axis of the ball bat 10.
  • the fibers in the first and second layers within a given lamina set 30 may of course be oriented at any other suitable angles.
  • the positive angle at which the fibers in the first layer 32 are oriented is equal to or approximately equal to the absolute value of the negative angle at which the fibers in the second layer 34 are oriented.
  • a substantial percentage of the E-glass fibers in the bat barrel 14 are preferably oriented at +/- 60° or greater relative to the longitudinal axis of the ball bat 10. Orienting the E-glass fibers in this manner provides increased radial strength to the barrel 14. As a result, complex three-dimensional fiber configurations are not required to provide desired durability. In one embodiment, at least 50%, or 50-90%, or 60-80% of the E-glass fibers in the bat barrel 14 are oriented at +/- 60° or greater relative to the longitudinal axis of the ball bat 10. [0030] In another embodiment, the positive and negative fiber orientations in at least 50% of the lamina sets 30 in the barrel 14 are the same as one another.
  • the first and second fiber orientations in one lamina set are the same as the first and second fiber orientations in the other lamina sets in the group.
  • the fibers in the first and second layers may be oriented at 60° and -60°, respectively.
  • the handle 12 and the transition region 16 may be made up of the same or different materials than those used to construct the barrel 14.
  • the handle 12 or transition region 16 may be made up of composite layers including fibers of glass (e.g., E-glass), graphite, boron, carbon, aramid (e.g., Kevlar®), ceramic, metallic, quartz, and/or any other suitable structural fibrous materials.
  • Each composite ply in the barrel 14, handle 12, or transition region 16 preferably has a thickness of approximately 0.002 to 0.060 inches, or 0.005 to 0.008 inches. Any other suitable ply thickness may alternatively be used.
  • the handle 12 or the transition region 16 may alternatively be made of a metal, such as aluminum alloy. Combinations of one or more composite materials and metals may also be used in one or more regions of the ball bat 10.
  • the ball bat 10 may be manufactured using any of a variety of processes, including resin transfer molding, compression molding, hand laying- up, filament winding, or any other suitable process.
  • a robust manufacturing process such as bladder molding, for example, in which the ball bat 10 is formed around a solid mandrel or tool and then subsequently withdrawn and replaced with an inflatable bladder, may also be used to construct the ball bat 10.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une batte à paroi unique constituée d'une série de couches ou plis de fibres structurelles unidirectionnelles et bidimensionnelles. Les plis sont facultativement disposés en couches les uns sur les autres selon une structure stratifiée dans laquelle les fibres d'un pli sont orientées sur des angles opposés par rapport aux fibres dans un ou plusieurs plis voisins. Des fibres de verre E bidimensionnelles à module de traction bas, orientées pour fournir une durabilité souhaitée, peuvent être utilisées pour construire une partie importante du corps cylindrique ou d'autres zones de la batte.
PCT/US2008/062786 2007-05-16 2008-05-06 Batte à paroi unique comprenant une fibre structurelle de verre e Ceased WO2008144220A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/749,575 US20080287228A1 (en) 2007-05-16 2007-05-16 Single wall ball bat including e-glass structural fiber
US11/749,575 2007-05-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008144220A1 true WO2008144220A1 (fr) 2008-11-27

Family

ID=40028076

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2008/062786 Ceased WO2008144220A1 (fr) 2007-05-16 2008-05-06 Batte à paroi unique comprenant une fibre structurelle de verre e

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20080287228A1 (fr)
TW (1) TW200848124A (fr)
WO (1) WO2008144220A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9186562B1 (en) 2012-01-24 2015-11-17 Plasticomp, Inc. Sports gear achieving specified performance criteria and the corresponding methods of making
US11471736B2 (en) 2016-03-04 2022-10-18 Bauer Hockey, Llc 3D braiding materials and 3D braiding methods for sporting implements
CA3109972C (fr) 2016-03-04 2023-12-12 Bauer Hockey Ltd. Materiau de tissage 3d et procede de tissage 3d destines a du materiel sportif
US20200246665A1 (en) * 2019-02-01 2020-08-06 Michael Teperson Softball throwing and pitching spin trainer

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4848745A (en) * 1986-06-04 1989-07-18 Phillips Petroleum Company Fiber reinforced article
US6322463B1 (en) * 1999-07-07 2001-11-27 Composites Design Services, Llc Method of tuning a bat and a tuned bat

Family Cites Families (36)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3129003A (en) * 1960-09-29 1964-04-14 Mueller Perry Co Inc Ball bat with reinforced handle
US3830496A (en) * 1971-10-14 1974-08-20 Amf Corp Bat
JPS5536346B2 (fr) * 1973-03-22 1980-09-19
US4025377A (en) * 1974-03-14 1977-05-24 Yukio Tanikawa Method of producing a baseball bat
US4092025A (en) * 1976-05-19 1978-05-30 Aikoh Co., Ltd. Baseball bat made of fiber-reinforced plastics
US4505479A (en) * 1982-12-28 1985-03-19 Souders Roger B Weighted bat with weight securing means
US5364095A (en) * 1989-03-08 1994-11-15 Easton Aluminum, Inc. Tubular metal ball bat internally reinforced with fiber composite
US5114144A (en) * 1990-05-04 1992-05-19 The Baum Research & Development Company, Inc. Composite baseball bat
JPH057640A (ja) * 1990-11-15 1993-01-19 Mizuno Corp バツト及びその製造方法
US5303917A (en) * 1992-04-13 1994-04-19 Uke Alan K Bat for baseball or softball
CA2123531C (fr) * 1993-05-14 1999-12-28 Michael D. Eggiman Baton de softball
US5395108A (en) * 1994-01-19 1995-03-07 Easton Aluminum, Inc. Simulated wood composite ball bat
US6352485B1 (en) * 1994-08-12 2002-03-05 Advanced Composites, Inc. Fiber reinforced molded products and processes
US5651740A (en) * 1994-10-24 1997-07-29 Munoz; John A. Foamed core products and method
US6139451A (en) * 1996-06-03 2000-10-31 Hillerich & Bradsby Co. Reinforced wood bat
US5676610A (en) * 1996-12-23 1997-10-14 Hillerich & Bradsby Co. Bat having a rolled sheet inserted into the barrel
US6053828A (en) * 1997-10-28 2000-04-25 Worth, Inc. Softball bat with exterior shell
US6755757B2 (en) * 1998-03-18 2004-06-29 Ce Composites Baseball Inc. Composite over-wrapped lightweight core and method
US6042493A (en) * 1998-05-14 2000-03-28 Jas. D. Easton, Inc. Tubular metal bat internally reinforced with fiber and metallic composite
CA2306036C (fr) * 1998-10-19 2003-10-14 Mizuno Corporation Baton de baseball ou de softball
US6776735B1 (en) * 1998-12-14 2004-08-17 Reichhold, Inc. Baseball bat
US6036610A (en) * 1999-03-01 2000-03-14 Anderson-Bridges Interests, Inc. Reinforced baseball bat
US6238309B1 (en) * 1999-07-19 2001-05-29 Joe M. Sample Break resistant ball bat
US6497631B1 (en) * 1999-09-15 2002-12-24 Wilson Sporting Goods Co. Ball bat
US6808464B1 (en) * 1999-12-03 2004-10-26 Thu Van Nguyen Reinforced-layer metal composite bat
US6461260B1 (en) * 2000-05-15 2002-10-08 Worth, Inc. Composite wrap bat
US6482114B1 (en) * 2000-07-03 2002-11-19 Wilson Sporting Goods Co. Bat and method of manufacturing
US20040209716A1 (en) * 2001-01-19 2004-10-21 Miken Composites, Llc. Composite softball bat with inner sleeve
US6485382B1 (en) * 2001-03-09 2002-11-26 Sam Chen Bat having fiber/resin handle and metal hitting member and method of making
US20040198539A1 (en) * 2002-02-21 2004-10-07 Sutherland Terrance W. Polymer composite bat
US6723012B1 (en) * 2002-02-21 2004-04-20 Ce Composites Baseball, Inc. Polymer composite bat
US6743127B2 (en) * 2002-04-02 2004-06-01 Wilson Sporting Goods Co. Bat with composite handle
US6764419B1 (en) * 2003-01-03 2004-07-20 Jas D. Easton, Inc. Composite baseball bat having an interface section in the bat barrel
CN100404088C (zh) * 2003-09-17 2008-07-23 张荣士 复合式棒球棒
US6929573B1 (en) * 2004-03-10 2005-08-16 Jung-Shih Chang Bat for baseball
US7384354B2 (en) * 2006-11-16 2008-06-10 Easton Sports, Inc. Single wall ball bat including quartz structural fiber

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4848745A (en) * 1986-06-04 1989-07-18 Phillips Petroleum Company Fiber reinforced article
US6322463B1 (en) * 1999-07-07 2001-11-27 Composites Design Services, Llc Method of tuning a bat and a tuned bat

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
TW200848124A (en) 2008-12-16
US20080287228A1 (en) 2008-11-20

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US7384354B2 (en) Single wall ball bat including quartz structural fiber
US7699725B2 (en) Layered composite material bat
CN101156983B (zh) 具有单一中空主管体的复合球棒
US6764419B1 (en) Composite baseball bat having an interface section in the bat barrel
JP5855861B2 (ja) 分離した近位部材及び遠位部材を有するバレル部を含むボールバット
JP5080886B2 (ja) ゴルフクラブシャフト
US20040209716A1 (en) Composite softball bat with inner sleeve
US8376881B2 (en) Ball bat including multiple failure planes
US7909713B2 (en) Shaft for a sports stick such as a hockey stick
US20080287228A1 (en) Single wall ball bat including e-glass structural fiber
JP4107475B2 (ja) 繊維強化複合材料用の補強繊維
JP5230835B1 (ja) バドミントンラケットに用いられるシャフトを製造する方法
JP2004298357A (ja) ゴルフシャフト
JP2004081230A (ja) ゴルフクラブシャフト
CN114765962A (zh) 用于体育活动的轴杆
JP2013116208A (ja) ゴルフクラブシャフト及びゴルフクラブ
AU2003300281B2 (en) Ball bat with a strain energy optimized barrel
JP5426909B2 (ja) 管状体
JP2007117306A (ja) ゴルフクラブシャフト
JP2008154866A (ja) ゴルフクラブシャフト
US12172061B2 (en) Shaped pre-preg composite layer bat
JP7779128B2 (ja) シャフト及びその製造方法
JPH11254562A (ja) 管状体およびプリプレグ
US20170080307A1 (en) Ball bat body
US20130130846A1 (en) Sporting implement formed with a melt-processable structural binder

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 08747721

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 08747721

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1