WO2008035487A1 - Rotor of motor - Google Patents

Abstract

A rotor (14) of a motor for a vehicle having a flux generation member generating by adding up a plurality of magnet fluxes corresponding to a plurality of sets of magnet each having a different number of poles, characterized in that the flux is generated to be offset partially between respective magnet fluxes corresponding to the plurality of sets (N, S) of magnet, low flux magnets (N1-N3, S1-S6) are arranged such that the quantity of flux becomes smaller at the position where the flux is offset than at the position where the flux is not offset, or a flux generation member from which the magnet is removed is provided. An auxiliary magnet for reinforcing and concentrating flux convergence may be arranged in a space from where the magnet is removed.

Description

 Specification

 Electric motor rotor

 Technical field

 [0001] The present invention relates to a rotor of an electric motor.

 Background art

 [0002] In recent years, electric motors that are widely used in automobiles have severe demands for miniaturization and efficiency for automobiles and applications. Currently, many automobiles equipped with electric motors for running are hybrid cars that run by combining engine output and motor output, and many have two electric motors for generators and motors. As a means for realizing the miniaturization and high efficiency of such a hybrid automobile motor, the present applicant has developed a composite current type two-rotor motor (refer to Patent Document 1!).

 [0003] According to the present invention, it is possible to independently rotate two rotors by feeding one composite current, which is a composite of currents corresponding to two rotors, to one stator, It is possible to generate two separate output 'torques with one motor body, and the average value of the current applied to the stator for both rotors simply gives the current to the two motors. There is an effect that the loss due to the current lower than the average value is reduced.

 [0004] On the other hand, it is conceivable to install an auxiliary magnetic pole in order to increase the magnet torque (Patent Document 2). In this case, however, a place for installing the auxiliary magnetic pole, that is, a magnet space is newly secured. There was a need.

 Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent No. 3480301 (paragraphs 0010,0011, Fig. 1)

 Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-347121

 Disclosure of the invention

However, the electric motor in the above-described invention assumes that the output destination is only a tire (wheel), for example, in the case of a wheel-in motor in which the electric motor is mounted inside the tire in an automobile or the like. Therefore, two output shafts are unnecessary and redundant. There are also problems such as the need for a mechanism that combines two output shafts into a single shaft. When two separate motors are combined and the torque of two motors is mechanically combined, two motors Since there is a housing, it cannot be downsized. In addition, simply increasing the size of a “normal conventional motor” to increase the motor torque has problems such as an increase in the motor housing and an increase in current loss. That is, there is a demand for the development of a rotor for a rotating electric machine that has a smaller current loss and is further miniaturized.

 [0006] In view of the above problems, the present invention integrates a plurality of rotors (a plurality of magnets included therein) having a different number of pole pairs into a single physique. Provided is a motor rotor that is reduced in size and has low current loss.

 That is, the rotor of the electric motor of the present invention that solves the above-described problems is obtained by adding together a plurality of magnet magnetic fluxes corresponding to a plurality of magnet sets each having a different number of magnetic poles. A magnetic flux generating member disposed in one rotor to be generated, wherein the magnetic flux is generated so as to cancel a part of the magnetic flux between each of the magnet magnetic fluxes corresponding to the set of the plurality of magnets. The place where this is done (referred to as the flux noria part) is characterized in that a low-flux magnet is placed or the magnet is removed so that the amount of magnetic flux is reduced compared to the place where the magnetic flux is not canceled.

 [0008] Further, a magnet magnetized so that the magnetic flux is concentrated in a portion where the magnetic flux is increased by the addition of the magnetic flux of the magnetic flux tl is arranged in the space from which the magnet that solves the above-described problems is removed. ^^ The magnetic flux concentration effect may be enhanced while effectively using the space where the magnet is removed.

 That is, the rotor of the electric motor according to the first aspect of the invention generates magnetic flux that generates a magnetic flux equivalent to a magnet magnetic flux obtained by adding together the magnetic fluxes of a plurality of magnet sets each having a different number of magnetic poles. The member is a member that generates a magnetic flux corresponding to the combined magnetic flux so as to superimpose and cancel the magnet magnetic flux of the set of the plurality of magnets, and the portion where the magnetic flux is canceled is compared with the portion where the magnetic flux is not canceled. A low-flux magnet is arranged or the magnet is removed to reduce the amount of magnetic flux.

 [0010] In addition, the rotor of the electric motor of the second invention has two sets of the plurality of magnets, and the magnetic flux of the number of magnetic pole components of each set (that is, the arrangement of the magnets constituting each set) is predetermined. The phase difference is provided.

[0011] Further, in the rotor of the electric motor according to the third aspect of the invention, the predetermined phase difference energizes a stator winding constituting the electric motor (based on a combination of the number of magnetic poles of the plurality of magnet sets). The absolute peak value of the winding current is set to be minimum.

 [0012] Further, in the rotor of the electric motor according to the fourth aspect of the invention, the predetermined phase difference energizes a stator winding constituting the electric motor (based on a combination of the number of magnetic poles of the plurality of magnet sets). It is characterized in that the average value of the absolute value of the winding current is set to be minimum.

 [0013] Further, in the rotor of the electric motor according to the fifth aspect of the invention, the predetermined phase difference energizes the stator windings constituting the electric motor (based on the combination of the number of magnetic poles of the plurality of magnet sets). The effective value of the winding current is set to be a minimum.

 [0014] Further, in the rotor of the electric motor of the sixth invention, the predetermined phase difference is based on the two magnet magnetic fluxes (based on the combination of the number of magnetic poles of the plurality of magnet sets) corresponding to the two sets of magnets. It is characterized in that the peak value of the magnetic flux summing up is set to be the minimum.

 [0015] Further, in the rotor of the electric motor according to the seventh aspect of the invention, the predetermined phase difference constitutes the electric motor when the rotor rotates (based on a combination of the number of magnetic poles of the plurality of magnet sets). It is characterized in that it is set so that the peak value of the induced voltage generated in the stator winding is minimized.

 [0016] In addition, the rotor of the electric motor of the eighth invention configures the electric motor so that the predetermined phase difference is based on a combination of the number of magnetic poles of the plurality of magnet sets when the rotor rotates. It is characterized in that it is set so that the peak value of the induced voltage generated in the stator winding is maximized.

 [0017] Further, in the rotor of the electric motor according to the ninth aspect of the invention, the magnetic flux generating member (that is, the magnet constituting the set of the plurality of magnets in this member) is at least one set of the set of the plurality of magnets. The corresponding magnet magnetic flux is formed so as to be distributed in a sinusoidal shape in the circumferential direction of the rotor.

[0018] For example, the surface shape of at least one of the plurality of magnet sets facing the stator constituting the electric motor (that is, when cut by a plane perpendicular to the axis of the electric motor) A magnet set that assumes that the cross-sectional shape is an arc shape whose diameter is smaller than the radius from the rotor axis for each magnetic pole with respect to the circumferential direction of the rotor. By combining the surface of the magnet and the combined surface shape (this shape itself becomes a curve), the magnetic flux can be distributed in a sinusoidal shape in the circumferential direction of the rotor easily and simply. [0019] Also, in the rotor of the electric motor of the tenth invention, there is a difference between the magnetic pole force d-axis inductance and the q-axis inductance in at least one of the plurality of sets of magnets in the magnetic flux generating member. It is arranged so that it occurs.

 [0020] Further, in the rotor of the electric motor according to an eleventh aspect of the invention, the magnetic flux generating member is a permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet is constituted by a first permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet. The permanent magnet has a residual magnetic flux density and a Z or coercive force larger than that of the second permanent magnet (that is, the first permanent magnet having a high residual magnetic flux density and a high coercive force, and the first permanent magnet). It is characterized by a second permanent magnet having a smaller residual magnetic flux density and coercive force than the permanent magnet).

 [0021] Further, in the rotor of the electric motor according to a twelfth aspect of the invention, the magnetic flux generating member is a permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet is constituted by a first permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet, and the second The magnet characteristics with respect to the temperature change of the second permanent magnet are more stable than those of the second permanent magnet (i.e., the magnet characteristic change with respect to the temperature change of the second permanent magnet is more stable than that of the first permanent magnet). Small).

 [0022] Further, in the rotor of the electric motor according to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, the set of the plurality of magnets includes a first magnet set having a low magnetic pole number and a second magnet set having a high magnetic pole number, When arranging the magnets constituting the first and second magnet sets, the magnets constituting the first magnet set (low magnetic pole number) and the second magnet set (high magnetic pole number) The magnets are arranged so that the magnetic flux of the first set of magnets (low magnetic pole component) is strengthened when canceling out the magnets constituting the.

 [0023] Further, in the rotor of the electric motor according to the fourteenth aspect of the invention, the set of the plurality of magnets includes a first magnet set having a low magnetic pole number and a second magnet set having a high magnetic pole number, When arranging the magnets constituting the first and second magnet sets, the magnets constituting the first magnet set (low magnetic pole number) and the second magnet set (high magnetic pole number) The magnets are arranged so that the magnetic fluxes of the magnets constituting the second set of magnets (high magnetic pole component) are strengthened when the magnets constituting the are canceled.

[0024] Further, in the rotor of the electric motor of the fifteenth aspect of the invention, the magnetic flux generating member is composed of a plurality of permanent magnets, and the circumferential length (as viewed from the rotor center) of the plurality of permanent magnets is All the same 1 (the magnet pitch of the permanent magnets is the same for all magnets).

 [0025] Further, in the rotor of the electric motor according to the sixteenth aspect of the invention, the magnetic flux generating member is composed of a plurality of permanent magnets, and the circumferential length (as viewed from the rotor center) of the plurality of permanent magnets is It differs depending on the magnet (the magnet pitch of the permanent magnet is configured with a different length depending on the magnet).

 [0026] Further, in the rotor of the electric motor according to the seventeenth aspect of the invention, the magnetic flux generating member is composed of a plurality of permanent magnets, and the thickness of the plurality of permanent magnets (as viewed from the rotor center) in the radial direction is It is characterized by being different depending on the magnet (that is, the magnet thickness in the radial direction varies depending on the magnet).

 [0027] Further, the rotor of the electric motor according to the eighteenth aspect of the present invention is the rotation of an electric motor in which magnets magnetized so that the magnetic flux is concentrated on the portion where the magnetic flux is increased tl by the addition of the magnetic flux to the portion where the magnet is removed. Characterized by a child.

[0028] Further, the rotor of the electric motor according to the nineteenth aspect of the invention is characterized in that one or more magnets magnetized so that the magnetic flux is concentrated on the portion where the magnetic flux is increased tl by the sum of the magnetic flux at the portion where the magnet is removed. It features a motor rotor that is arranged so that the magnetic flux is concentrated depending on the magnetic direction.

[0029] Further, the rotor of the electric motor of the twentieth invention is characterized in that the magnetized magnet is a rotor of the electric motor such that the magnetic flux is concentrated by the installation angle of one or more magnets.

[0030] Further, the rotor of the electric motor of the twenty-first invention is characterized in that the magnetized magnet is a rotor of the electric motor in which the magnetic flux is concentrated by combining two or more vectors.

[0031] Further, the rotor of the electric motor of the twenty-second invention is an electric motor rotor in which the magnetized magnet concentrates the magnetic flux by one or more magnets and one or more flux noria. And

 As described above, the solving means of the present invention has been described as an apparatus, but the present invention can also be realized as a method substantially corresponding to these, and the scope of the present invention includes these as well. It was understood that

 Brief Description of Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an electric motor using a rotor according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The

[2] It is a rotor generation explanatory diagram of the first embodiment.

 FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a composite state of two sine waves.

圆 4] It is an explanatory diagram of changes in the peak 'average value etc. due to two sine wave composites.

[5] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an electric motor using the rotor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

 FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a rotor according to a second embodiment.

[7] FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of changes in the peak value of the magnetic flux in the second embodiment.

[8] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an electric motor using a rotor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

 FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a rotor according to a third embodiment.

[10] FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of changes in the induced voltage peak value in the third embodiment.

[11] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an electric motor using a rotor (modified example) according to a third embodiment.

圆 12] It is explanatory drawing of the rotor (modification) of 3rd Example.

13] A sectional view showing the configuration of an electric motor using a rotor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

 FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of a rotor according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 15] A sectional view showing the configuration of an electric motor using a rotor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

 FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of a rotor according to a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an electric motor using a rotor according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

 FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a linear arrangement of a magnet arrangement in which a magnet with a high magnetic pole number (4 poles) (virtual rotor) is combined with a magnet region with a low magnetic pole number (2 poles) and an electrical angle of one cycle.

[19] FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an electric motor using a rotor according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

[Figure 20] Magnet with low magnetic pole number (2 poles) and electrical angle of 1 period, magnet with high magnetic pole number (4 poles) It is the figure which represented the magnet arrangement | positioning which combined the virtual rotor) with the linear model.

 FIG. 21 is a view showing only the mechanical angle 120 degrees of the rotor of FIG. 17 (an example in which the width is changed).

 FIG. 22 is a view showing only the mechanical angle 120 degrees of the rotor of FIG. 17 (example in which the thickness is changed).

 FIG. 23 is a cross sectional explanatory view schematically showing a configuration of a rotor and a stator of an electric motor according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

 24 is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing an example of another magnetization direction in the magnet of FIG.

 FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional explanatory view schematically showing a configuration of a rotor and a stator of a motor having a four-pole pair of rotors in a 12-slot stator.

 FIG. 26 is an explanatory cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a rotor and a stator of a motor having an 8-pole rotor in a 12-slot stator.

 FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional explanatory view schematically showing a configuration of a rotor and a stator of a motor in which a 4-pole rotor and an 8-pole rotor are superimposed.

 FIG. 28 schematically shows a configuration of a rotor and a stator of an electric motor according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention. (A) is a cross-sectional explanatory view when the magnet is arranged on the surface. (B) is a diagram illustrating the magnet. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram when embedded.

 FIG. 29 schematically shows a configuration of a rotor and a stator of an electric motor according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram when magnets are arranged on the surface, and (b) is a diagram illustrating magnets. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram when embedded.

 FIG. 30 schematically shows a configuration of a rotor and a stator of an electric motor according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention. (A) is a cross-sectional explanatory view when the magnet is arranged on the surface. (B) is a diagram illustrating the magnet. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram when embedded.

 BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

 [0035] First Example

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an electric motor using a rotor according to a first embodiment of the present invention. First, the configuration will be described. Reference numeral 11 denotes a stator, which is composed of 18 divided cores 12, and each of the 18 divided cores 12 is wound with winding wires 13 in a concentrated manner. In this shoreline, 3 pieces arranged every 6 pieces are 1 set (total 6 sets) Connected in series or in parallel, one of which is connected to one of the other phases as a neutral point

The other is inside an inverter (not shown), and is connected to the P side / Ν side of the power supply line via a switching element. This inverter is configured to control 6 phases. Note that this stator can be applied to the same operating force S even with a core that is not divided by the force described by the divided core, or the present invention can be applied to a slotless motor. Also, the shoreline is applicable not only to concentrated winding but also to distributed ridges.

[0036] 14 is a rotor, and in this embodiment, the rotor 14 includes three negative pole magnets N1 to N3 and six negative pole magnets S1 to S6, and these magnets are connected to a three pole pair. It functions as two sets of magnets with two types of pole pairs, six pole pairs. The two sets of magnets in this case are conceptual and have three poles for one current that makes up the combined current supplied to the stator windings that are not clearly separated. Means that there is one set of magnets that behave as a set of pairs of magnets, and one set of magnets that behaves as a set of six pole pairs for the other current that makes up the composite current The magnets S1 to S6 and Nl to 3 function as both sets of magnets at the same time. This will be described in detail with reference to FIG. In the following, for convenience of drawing and explanation, the rotor magnets are shown as N poles and S poles. * The explanation will be made, but it should be noted that the operation and effect of the invention are the same even if the configuration and arrangement of NS poles are reversed. I want to be.

 [0037] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the rotor generation of the first embodiment. (A) in FIG. 2 is a rotor of an electric motor having a two-rotor structure. The rotor has 6 pole pairs of magnets. FIG. 2B shows the magnets arranged in two layers on the surface of the inner rotor. A slight phase adjustment is made at the time of arrangement, and the details will be described later. As shown in Fig. 2 (B), the rotor 14A has two types of magnets (N pole and S pole) with different magnetization directions in contact with each other at several positions. As is well known, when magnets with different magnetization directions are bonded together, the magnets are equivalent if they have the same magnetic force.

[0038] Fig. 2 (C) shows the removal of the partial force magnet with magnets with different magnetizations seen in the radial direction. This rotor 14 has N pole magnets N1 to N3, Includes S-pole magnets S1-S6. As a result, the rotor 14 that generates the composite magnetic flux CF of the three-pole pair and the six-pole pair as shown by a curved line is completed. Note that the inner rotor and outer rotor are integrated. Even in the configuration of Fig. 2 (B), the motor functions. That is, the rotor 14A is a rotor having a configuration in which the first rotor of the inner rotor and the second rotor of the outer rotor are integrated together. The present invention is further directed to the configuration of FIG. 2 (C) in which an unnecessary magnet is removed, which is an improvement to such a configuration, and the torque is improved by reducing the inertia of the deleted magnet. This has the effect of reducing the weight of the motor and reducing the cost of the deleted magnet.

 In FIG. 2 (C), the area from which unnecessary magnets are removed is a space, and air occupies the area. However, the area occupied by air does not pass magnetic flux and functions. Really. That is, it is necessary to place a member other than a material that can easily pass magnetic flux such as iron in this area from which the magnet has been removed, but space (air) is usually sufficient. Of course, there is a saddle member that can pass magnetic fluxes other than air in that area.

 [0040] FIG. 3 shows each current of a sine wave (amplitude 1) for driving a rotor having 3 pole pairs and 6 pole pairs, and each waveform as an example of a composite current obtained by combining these currents. When both are combined, it is easy to imagine that the waveform changes depending on the phase of both, and the peak of the absolute value, the average value of the absolute value, and the mean square value are shown when the phase is changed. These are (A), (B), and (C) in Figure 4. When this sine wave composite is applied to a current that generates rotating magnetic flux, the peak of the absolute value is related to the switching element capacity of the inverter, and the average value of the absolute value is a constant voltage drop. Power element (IGBT, etc.) that is a component • It is related to the loss of the diode, etc., and the mean square value is related to the loss with a constant resistance such as a winding.

[0041] Looking at this figure, when the phase difference between the two is 0 (or 30 °), the absolute value peak and the average value of the absolute value are minimized, and the mean square value is constant regardless of the phase. I understand. In each figure, the sum of the values obtained for the 3-pole pair and the 6-pole pair is shown by separate lines, and it can be seen that both are smaller when combined. Therefore, if the current is controlled so as to have the phase difference SO, it can be said that the switching element capacity, the loss of the IGBT, etc., the loss of the resistance are all favorable conditions. In order for the current to be in this condition, the magnetic flux generated by the rotor must be shifted by 1Z4 period for each of the 3-pole and 6-pole pairs. The pole pair is 15 °, so it is sufficient to deviate by 15 °. Therefore, in Fig. 2 (B), the two magnets are overlapped so that their ends are 15 °. The structure is such that the loss is the least.

 [0042] If this phase difference is used for the purpose of relaxing the magnetic saturation of the magnetic field of the rotor, it is conceivable to apply the above configuration with the phase difference of 0 to the rotor magnet. . As for the phase difference, there is an optimum phase difference depending on the purpose as described above, and each is set.

 Next, the operation will be described. As described above, a 6-phase inverter is connected to the stator, and it is sufficient if current is applied so as to generate a composite sinusoidal magnetic flux corresponding to the rotor magnetic field of 3 pole pairs and 6 pole pairs. ,. The current command is rotated according to the position of the rotor in the same way as a normal motor. However, this motor generates a composite magnetic flux corresponding to both pole pairs. For, a sine wave of 3 cycles is generated. Therefore, the inverter is considered as 6 phases, and the current value at each position obtained by dividing 1 cycle of the sine wave into 6 is calculated as the command value of each phase. On the other hand, a 6-pole pair of magnets generates a 6-cycle sine wave, so the current command value at the position where the 1-cycle sine wave is divided into 3 parts is obtained. The command values for the second and fifth phases and the third and sixth phases are used. After this, the command values of the 3-pole pair and 6-pole pair are added together to perform current control as the command value of the 6-phase inverter. This causes the rotor to generate torque and rotate.

 Next, the effect will be described. Torque is generated by the above operation. Torque is generated by the interaction of field magnetic flux (magnetic flux generated by the rotor) and current magnetic flux (rotating magnetic flux generated by the stator). It is generated according to the fundamental wave component (in this example, 3 pole pair and 6 pole pair). In this example, since the magnetic flux obtained by combining sine waves with amplitude 1 is generated, the fundamental wave component is naturally amplitude 1, so that for an electric motor that is rotated alone with amplitude 1 It is theoretically possible to generate almost twice the torque with a single motor.

 [0045] Further, since the loss generated by the current flowing at that time is smaller than the sum of the average value of the combined current as described above, the square average, and the single average value, the loss is clear. small. From the above, it is possible to obtain the effect that a motor of one physique generates approximately two torques while the loss due to current is smaller than that of two motors.

[0046] Second Example FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an electric motor using a rotor according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a 12-slot 6-phase stator 21 is combined with a 2-pole / 4-pole pair rotor. The stator 21 has 12 cores 22 and 12 windings 23. The rotor 24Α in FIG. 6 is equivalent to the rotor 24 in FIG. The magnets provided in the rotor 24 are two negative magnets N21 and N22, and two negative S magnets S21 and S22. Fig. 7 shows the peak values of the magnetic flux of the magnet when the two-pole pair and the four-pole pair of magnetic flux with amplitude 1 are combined and the phase of both is changed as in the first embodiment. From Fig. 7, when the phase difference between the two is 0 ° (45 °, 90 °), the peak value of the magnetic flux is minimum. By minimizing the magnetic flux peak, an electric motor that is less likely to cause magnetic saturation can be realized. For this reason, in Fig. 6, the end of the magnet is overlapped so as to be 0 °, and after that, the same process as in Example 1 (removing unnecessary magnets) is performed, and finally, as shown in Fig. 5. A rotor structure is obtained.

Third embodiment

FIGS. 8 to 12 are diagrams related to the third embodiment, in which a 2-pole / 6-pole pair rotor is combined with an 18-slot 9-phase stator. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an electric motor using a rotor according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The stator 31 has 18 cores 32 and 18 windings 33. The rotor 34A in FIG. 9 is equivalent to the rotor 34 in FIG. The magnets provided on the rotor 34 are four N-pole magnets N31 to N34 and four S-pole magnets S21 to S34. Fig. 10 shows the peak value of the induced voltage when the magnetic flux of amplitude 1 of 2 pole pairs and 6 pole pairs is combined and the phase of both is changed as in the first embodiment. From Fig. 10, the peak value of the induced voltage is maximized when the phase difference between the two is 0 ° (60 °), and the peak value of the induced voltage is minimized when it is 30 ° (90 °). Maximizing the peak value of the induced voltage makes it possible to increase the torque of the motor, and conversely, minimizing the peak value of the induced voltage enables high rotation speed of the motor. For this reason, in FIG. 9, the end of the magnet (the contact portion of the magnets with different magnetic poles), that is, the phase zero point is set to overlap with each other, and the phase difference is set to 0 °. The rotor structure shown in Fig. 8 is obtained through the same process. In addition, in Fig. 12, the end of the magnet is overlapped so that it is 30 °, and the rotor structure of Fig. 11 is obtained. The stator 41 has 18 cores 42 and 18 windings 43. The rotor 44A in FIG. 12 is equivalent to the rotor 44 in FIG. The magnets provided on the rotor 44 are two N-pole magnets N41 N42, S magnets with two S poles, S41 and S42.

 [0048] Fourth embodiment

 13 and 14 are diagrams related to the fourth embodiment, and the basic configuration is the same as that of FIG. 5 of the second embodiment. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an electric motor using a rotor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The stator 51 has 12 cores 52 and 12 windings 53. The rotor 54A in FIG. 14 is equivalent to the rotor 54 in FIG. The magnets provided on the rotor 54 are four N-pole magnets N51 to N54 and four S-pole magnets S51 to S54. The difference from the second embodiment is the magnet surface shape. The magnet surface in the second embodiment has a circular arc shape that is concentric with the rotor shaft center. In this embodiment, the surface of the 4-pole pair magnet is larger than the radius of the rotor shaft center force as shown in FIG. It has an arc shape with a small diameter. The rotor structure shown in FIG. 13 can be obtained by adding the two-pole / four-pole pairs shown in FIG. 14 through the same process as in Example 1. In this rotor structure, the magnetic flux corresponding to the 4-pole pair of magnets has a substantially sinusoidal shape, so that unnecessary cogging torque with less harmonic magnetic flux can be reduced. In this embodiment, only one of the two magnetic poles can have a sinusoidal shape. Both magnetic poles can have a sinusoidal shape.

 [0049] Fifth embodiment

 15 and 16 are diagrams relating to the fifth embodiment, and the basic configuration is the same as that of FIG. 5 of the second embodiment. FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an electric motor using a rotor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. The stator 61 has twelve cores 62 and twelve winding wires 63. The rotor 64A in FIG. 16 is equivalent to the rotor 64 in FIG. The magnets provided in the rotor 64 are two N-pole magnets N61 and N62, and two S-pole magnets S61 and S62. The difference from the second embodiment is that there is a gap between adjacent magnets. The magnet according to the second embodiment is arranged with no gap between adjacent magnets. The magnet according to the second embodiment has an interval of 22.5 degrees between adjacent magnets as shown in FIG. In the meantime, an iron core member such as a laminated steel plate is arranged. These are added together and the rotor structure shown in FIG. 15 is obtained through the same process as in the first embodiment. In this arrangement, there is a difference between the d-axis inductance and q-axis inductance of each magnetic pole, so reluctance torque can be obtained in addition to the magnet torque.

[0050] Sixth embodiment (configuration in which the magnetic flux on the low magnetic pole number side is emphasized) 17 and 18 are diagrams related to the sixth embodiment. FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an electric motor using a rotor according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention. The stator 71 is composed of 18 cores 72 and 18 windings 73, and the windings 73 are wound around the 18 divided cores 72 in a concentrated manner. Three of the windings are arranged in every 6 pieces, and one set (total 6 sets) is connected in series or in parallel, and one of them is connected to one of the other phases as a neutral point The other is connected to the P side and Ν side of the power supply line via a switching element inside an inverter (not shown). As described above, this inverter is configured to control six phases. Although this stator is described with a divided core, it is well known that the same operation can be performed with a core that is not divided. The shoreline is applicable not only to concentrated winding but also to distributed ridges.

 [0051] In this embodiment, the rotor 74 has two types of pole pairs: a three-pole pair and a six-pole pair. The force by which the permanent magnet is disposed on the surface of the rotor 74 will be described with reference to some permanent magnets 75a to 75d as an example. Permanent magnets 75a and 75b are magnets that have the same magnetization direction and are magnetized so as to generate magnetic flux as indicated by arrows AR1 and AR2 by urging outwardly the center CTR force of rotor 74. On the other hand, the permanent magnets 75c and 75d are magnets that have the same magnetization direction and are magnetized so as to generate magnetic flux as indicated by arrows AR3 and AR4 from the outside toward the center CTR of the rotor 74. . The length of the arrow AR1-4 line mimics the magnitude of the magnetic flux. Therefore, normally, if the magnetization directions of the former and the latter are reversed, magnetic fluxes in the opposite direction are generated in the former and the latter.

[0052] The permanent magnets 75a and 75c and the permanent magnets 75b and 75d are composed of the same magnet, and the magnetic flux strength of the permanent magnets 75a and 75c is larger. Figure 17 shows the shape of a surface magnet, but the same applies to an embedded magnet-shaped rotor. By the way, the permanent magnets 75a and 75c are composed of rare earth magnets having both excellent coercive force and residual magnetic flux density, and the permanent magnets 75b and 75d have either one of coercive force and residual magnetic flux density than the permanent magnets 75a and 75c. Or both are composed of inferior magnets. As an example, neodymium magnets can be considered for the permanent magnets 75a and 75b, and neodymium magnets, ferrite magnets, alnico magnets, etc., which are inferior to the permanent magnets 75a and 75b, can be applied to the permanent magnets 75b and 75d. . Therefore, the cost of an expensive neodymium magnet can be reduced as compared with a conventional rotor. Then like this The reason for the magnet arrangement will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

 FIG. 18 shows a magnet considered in the present invention when a magnet (virtual rotor) having a high magnetic pole number (4 poles) is combined with a magnet region having a low magnetic pole number (2 poles) and an electrical angle of 1 period. It is the figure which represented arrangement | positioning with the linear model, and is a development view along the circumference of a rotor. Figure 18 (a) shows a virtual rotor with a low number of magnetic poles (two poles) before combination. Figure 18 (b) shows a virtual rotor with a high number of magnetic poles (4 poles) before combination. The number in the permanent magnet indicates the magnitude of the magnetic flux of the magnet, and the figure indicates the polarity of the magnet (that is, the magnetic flux indicates whether the central force also goes to the outside or to the center). In Fig. 18, the magnetic flux on the 2 pole side is set large, so when combined, the permanent magnets 75a and 75b and the permanent magnets 75c and 75d are arranged next to each other, and the magnetic flux waveform has components on the 2 pole side. The configuration is easily emphasized.

 [0054] Seventh embodiment (configuration in which the magnetic flux on the high magnetic pole number side is emphasized)

 FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an electric motor using a rotor according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention. The stator 81 is composed of 18 cores 82 and 18 windings 83, and the windings 83 are concentrated around the 18 divided cores 82. In this embodiment, the rotor 84 has two types of pole pairs: a 3-pole pair and a 6-pole pair. Permanent magnets are arranged on the surface of the rotor 84, and the configuration will be described with some permanent magnets 85a to 85d as an example. The difference between the seventh embodiment and the sixth embodiment is that in the seventh embodiment, the magnetic flux on the high magnetic pole number side is easily emphasized, and the permanent magnets 85a, 85d, 85b, 85c The adjacent magnetic force arrows AR5, AR8, AR6, and AR7 are configured to alternately switch the direction of magnetic flux. Fig. 20 shows a combination of magnet sets in which the direction of magnetic flux generation alternates for each magnet.

 [0055] Fig. 20 shows a magnet considered in the present invention when a magnet (virtual rotor) having a high magnetic pole number (4 poles) is combined with a magnet region having a low magnetic pole number (2 poles) and an electrical angle of 1 period. It is the figure which represented arrangement | positioning with the linear model, and is a development view along the circumference of a rotor. Since the magnetic flux on the 4-pole side is set large, when combined, the permanent magnets 85a and 85d and the permanent magnets 85c and 85b are arranged next to each other, and the magnetic flux waveform emphasizes the 4-pole side component. Easy configuration.

[0056] In FIGS. 18 and 20, the two-pole and four-pole magnet phases used in the combination are one type of force, and various magnets can be obtained using the same concept even when these magnets have an arbitrary phase difference. Arrangement Can be considered. In this example, the combination of the number of poles according to force, which explains the combination of two and four poles, can be considered similarly.

 [0057] The permanent magnets 75a to 75d and 85a to 85d need not have the same magnet width. Fig. 21 shows a diagram in which only the mechanical angle of 120 degrees of the rotor in Fig. 17 is taken out (example in which the width is changed). The permanent magnets 75a and 75c and the permanent magnets 75b and 75d are the same type of magnet, the permanent magnets 75a and 75c have the maximum magnet width Wa, and the permanent magnets 75b and 75d have the maximum magnet width Wb. By changing the length of the width Wa and the width Wb, the magnetic flux level (strength) of the number of magnetic poles constituting them can be changed. “Width ^^^ Width ^^!)” Increases the magnetic flux on the 2-pole side, and “width Wa and width Wb” increases the magnetic flux on the 4-pole side.

 Similarly, the magnet thicknesses of the permanent magnets 75a to 75d need not be the same. FIG. 22 shows a diagram in which only the mechanical angle of 120 degrees of the rotor of FIG. 17 is taken out (example in which the thickness is changed). The permanent magnets 75a and 75c and the permanent magnets 75b and 75d are the same type of magnet. The maximum magnet thickness of the permanent magnets 75a and 75c is Ta, and the maximum magnet thickness of the permanent magnets 75b and 75d is Tb. Magnets such as Alnico have low holding power, so if the magnet thickness is too thin, it will be easy to demagnetize, and it is necessary to set the magnet thickness according to the respective magnet characteristics. Moreover, since the magnetic flux can be increased by increasing the magnet thickness to some extent, the magnetic flux levels of the 2-pole and 4-pole can be changed. However, it is well known that even if the magnet thickness is increased too much, the magnetic flux density is gradually saturated and the magnetic resistance increases, so that no effect is obtained.

Next, the operation of the electric motor according to the sixth and seventh embodiments will be described. A 6-phase inverter is connected to the stator as described above, and it is sufficient to apply current to generate a composite sinusoidal magnetic flux corresponding to the rotor magnetic field of 3 pole pairs and 6 pole pairs. ,. The current command is rotated according to the position of the rotor in the same way as a normal motor. However, this motor generates a composite magnetic flux corresponding to both pole pairs. Therefore, the inverter is considered to have 6 phases, and the current value at each position obtained by dividing one cycle of the sine wave into 6 is calculated as the command value for each phase. On the other hand, for a 6-pole pair, a 6-cycle sine wave is generated, so it is obtained as a current command value at a position where one sine wave cycle is divided into 3 parts, and the 6-phase inverter first, fourth, The command values for Phases 2 and 5 and Phases 3 and 6 are used. After this, the command values of the 3 pole pair and 6 pole pair are added together to control the current as the command value of the 6-phase inverter. This As a result, the rotor generates torque and rotates.

 Next, effects of the electric motors according to the sixth and seventh embodiments will be described. Torque is generated by the above operation, but torque is the force generated by the interaction of field magnetic flux (magnetic flux generated by the rotor) and current magnetic flux (rotational magnetic flux generated by the stator). It is generated according to wave components (in this example, 3 pole pairs and 6 pole pairs). In Example 1 of this time, torque that is the sum of torques of 3 poles and 6 poles is generated. In the conventional rotor, all the magnets in one rotor use magnets having the same characteristics, but in the present invention, the magnet characteristics are low! Can be generated. Furthermore, since the loss generated by the current flowing at that time is smaller than the sum of the absolute value average and the square average of the combined current as described above, and the single average value, the loss is clearly small. From the above, it is possible to obtain the effect of generating a torque equivalent to two motors with one electric motor and having a smaller loss than that of two electric motors.

 [0061] (Eighth embodiment)

 FIGS. 23 to 27 are cross-sectional explanatory views schematically showing the configurations of the rotor and the stator of the electric motor according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 24 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing another example of the magnetization direction in the magnet of FIG. In addition, the arrow in a figure has shown the magnetization direction of the magnet, and it is the same also in another figure.

 [0062] As shown in Fig. 23, the electric motor 10 is a composite magnetic flux motor having a rotor 94 that generates a magnetic flux corresponding to a plurality of different magnetic pole numbers, and reduces the magnetic flux by adding the magnetic flux. A magnet 112 made up of magnets 112a and 112b having a magnetization direction is arranged in the flux noria part which is a part!

[0063] The magnet 112 arranged in the flux noria part is magnetized so that the magnetization direction is one direction or more in multiple directions so that the magnetic flux is concentrated in the direction of the magnetic flux increasing part by the sum of the magnetic fluxes. ing. As shown in FIG. 24, the magnetization direction of the magnet 112 is not a single angle, but a single direction may be formed by a set of multidirectional magnetic fluxes having a plurality of different tilt angles (see arrows in the figure). good. As a result, the simple arrangement of the magnet 112 can improve the torque without newly securing a magnet installation space, or can generate an equivalent torque with a small amount of magnetism. [0064] The electric motor 10 as the composite magnetic flux motor has a configuration in which a 4-pole rotor and an 8-pole rotor are overlapped.

 FIG. 25 is an explanatory cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a rotor and a stator of an electric motor having a 4-pole pair of rotors in a 12-slot stator. FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional explanatory view schematically showing a configuration of a rotor and a stator of an electric motor having an 8-pole pair of rotors in a 12-slot stator. FIG. 27 is an explanatory cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a rotor and a stator of an electric motor in which a 4-pole rotor and an 8-pole rotor are superimposed.

 [0066] As shown in FIG. 25, the electric motor 10 is a low magnetic pole number electric motor having a stator 91 having 12 slots 91a and a rotor 104 in which four pole pairs of magnets 115 are arranged. As shown, the electric motor 10 is a high magnetic pole number electric motor having a stator 91 having twelve slots 91a and a rotor 114 in which eight pole pairs of magnets 115 are arranged. As shown in FIG. 27, the electric motor 10 having a configuration in which the four-pole rotor 104 of the electric motor 10 (see FIG. 25) and the eight-pole rotor 114 of the electric motor 10 (see FIG. 26) are overlapped. In the rotor radial direction of the rotor 124, the portion where the different poles overlap is regarded as the flux noria portion 120a. This is because the portion where the different polarities overlap in the rotor radial direction is canceled by the opposite magnetization directions.

 That is, in the electric motor 10 which is a composite magnetic flux motor having a configuration in which a 4-pole pair rotor and an 8-pole pair rotor are superposed, a flux NOROR portion which is a magnetic flux reduction portion by the combined magnetic flux of the rotor 94 is provided. A magnet 11 2 (see 023, 24) composed of magnets 112a and 112b magnetized so that the magnetic flux is concentrated in the direction of the magnetic flux increasing part by the sum of the magnet magnetic flux adjacent to this part Has been.

[0068] In this way, the electric motor 10 that generates the magnetic flux obtained by combining the sine waves generates the magnetic flux corresponding to the different number of magnetic poles on the surface. One or both of a rotor 94 having a generating member and a stator 91 to which a current is applied so that a plurality of current magnetic fields corresponding to the number of magnetic poles can be combined and rotated. In order to concentrate the magnetic flux on the flux barrier part where the magnetic flux decreased due to the sum of the magnet magnetic flux of the rotor 94, and on the part where the magnetic flux increased due to the sum of the magnetic flux! Place magnet 12 magnetized on [0069] That is, at least a part of the part regarded as a flux barrier part, which is a magnetic flux decreasing part due to the sum of the magnet magnetic fluxes, is concentrated in the direction of the magnetic flux increasing part due to the sum of the magnet magnetic fluxes adjacent to this part. By replacing the magnet with the magnet, the torque can be improved without newly securing a magnet installation space, or the equivalent torque can be generated with a small magnet amount.

 [0070] As described above, since the auxiliary magnetic pole is arranged in the region (the magnetic flux blank region necessary for producing the composite magnetic flux) without arranging the magnet in the first place, the space efficiency due to the arrangement of the auxiliary magnetic pole is poor. Never do. In other words, the combination of the composite magnetic flux rotor and the auxiliary magnetic pole motor must be secured for the auxiliary magnetic pole motor, and a magnet installation space inevitably exists, which is disadvantageous for the auxiliary magnetic pole motor. Since it does not occur, it is more effective.

 [0071] (Ninth embodiment)

 FIG. 28 schematically shows a configuration of a rotor and a stator of an electric motor according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention. (A) is a cross-sectional explanatory view when the magnet is arranged on the surface, and (b) is a diagram of the magnet. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram when embedded. As shown in FIG. 28, the electric motor 10 has a magnetic flux in the direction of the magnetic flux increasing portion due to the sum of the magnetic fluxes in the flux noria portion 120a (see FIG. 27) that is the magnetic flux decreasing portion due to the sum of the magnetic fluxes of the rotor 134. The magnet 127 with one or more installation angles is arranged so that can be concentrated. Other configurations and operations are the same as those of the motor 10.

 That is, in the electric motor 10, at least a part of the portion regarded as the flats barrier portion 126a, which is a magnetic flux reduction portion by the magnetic flux summation of the rotor 134, is added to the magnetic flux increase portion by the magnetic flux summation adjacent to this portion. The magnets 127a and 127b (see FIG. 28) installed at angles at which magnetic flux concentrates in the direction are replaced with magnets 27 that are also configured.

 [0073] Thus, if a magnet with a general shape is used as the magnet 127, the torque can be improved at low cost without newly securing a magnet installation space, or the equivalent torque can be reduced with a small amount of magnet. Can be generated.

 [0074] (Tenth embodiment)

FIG. 29 schematically shows the configuration of the rotor and stator of the electric motor according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention. It is shown schematically, (a) is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram when magnets are arranged on the surface, and (b) is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram when magnets are embedded and arranged. As shown in FIG. 29, the electric motor 10 has a magnetic flux concentrated in the direction of the magnetic flux increasing portion 120a (see FIG. 27), which is the magnetic flux decreasing portion due to the sum of the magnetic fluxes of the rotor 144. Two or more magnets 132 are arranged so that a composite vector can be formed.

 That is, in the electric motor 10, at least a part of the portion of the rotor 144 that is considered to be a flux noria part, which is a magnetic flux reduction part by the sum of magnet magnetic fluxes, is directed to the direction of the magnetic flux increase part by the sum of the magnet magnetic fluxes adjacent to this part. A plurality of magnets 132a, 132b, 132c that form a composite magnetic flux vector that concentrates the magnetic flux on the magnet (this f row is ί, 3 even) can be replaced.

 [0076] Thereby, since the surface area of the magnet can be increased, the torque can be further improved without newly securing a magnet installation space, or the equivalent torque can be generated with a small magnet amount. .

 [0077] (Eleventh embodiment)

 FIG. 30 schematically shows a configuration of a rotor and a stator of an electric motor according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram when magnets are arranged on the surface, and (b) is a magnet FIG. As shown in FIG. 30, in the electric motor 10, the magnetic flux is concentrated in the direction of the magnetic flux increasing portion due to the sum of the magnetic fluxes in the flux noria portion (see FIG. 27), which is the magnetic flux decreasing portion due to the sum of the magnetic fluxes of the rotor 154. One or more magnets 137 and one or more flux barrier portions 138 are arranged.

 That is, in the electric motor 10, at least a part of the portion of the rotor 154, which is regarded as a flattened barrier portion, which is a magnetic flux decreasing portion due to the sum of the magnetic fluxes of the rotor, Are replaced by magnets 137a and 137b in which magnetic flux is concentrated, and a flux noor part 138 located on the outer peripheral side of both magnets 137a and 137b.

 [0079] This makes it possible to improve the torque with a simple arrangement of magnets and at a low cost if a magnet having a general shape is used, and without securing a new magnet installation space, or equivalently. Torque can be generated with a small amount of magnet.

[0080] As described above, the electric motor according to the present invention includes a rotor having a magnetic flux generating member for generating a magnetic flux corresponding to a plurality of different magnetic poles on its surface, and the plurality of magnets. At least one of the stators to which a current can be applied so that a plurality of current magnetic fields corresponding to the number of poles can be rotated and rotated is provided, and the magnetic flux is reduced at the portion where the magnetic flux is reduced by adding the magnetic flux. The magnets are magnetized so that the magnetic flux concentrates on the part where the magnetic flux is increased by adding together!].

 [0081] That is, by replacing part or all of the flux noria part, which is a magnetic flux decrease part due to the sum of magnet magnetic fluxes, with a magnet, and concentrating the magnetic flux in the direction of the magnetic flux increase part due to the sum of magnet magnetic fluxes, The torque can be improved without securing a new space, and further downsizing can be realized.

 [0082] Further, the magnetic flux of the magnet disposed in at least a part of the portion where the magnetic flux is reduced due to the sum of the magnetic fluxes is concentrated on the portion where the magnetic flux is increased due to the sum of the magnet magnetic fluxes according to one or more magnetization directions. ing. In other words, by replacing a part or all of the flux barrier part, which is the magnetic flux decrease part due to the sum of the magnet magnetic fluxes, with a magnet magnetized so that the magnetic flux concentrates in the direction of the magnetic flux increase part due to the sum of the magnet magnetic fluxes, With a simple magnet arrangement, torque can be improved without newly securing a magnet installation space, or equivalent torque can be generated with a small amount of magnet.

 [0083] In addition, the magnetic flux of the magnet disposed in at least a part of the portion where the magnetic flux is reduced due to the sum of the magnetic fluxes is concentrated on the portion where the magnetic flux is increased due to the sum of the magnetic flux depending on the installation angle of one or more magnets. ing. In other words, by replacing a part or all of the flux noria part, which is a magnetic flux decrease part due to the sum of magnet magnetic fluxes, with a magnet having an installation angle so that the magnetic flux concentrates in the direction of the magnetic flux increase part due to the sum of magnet magnetic fluxes, If a magnet having a general shape is used, the torque can be improved at a low cost without newly securing a magnet installation space, or an equivalent torque can be generated with a small amount of magnet.

[0084] In addition, the magnetic flux of the magnet arranged at least in a portion where the magnetic flux is reduced due to the sum of the magnetic fluxes is concentrated on the portion where the magnetic flux is increased due to the sum of the magnetic fluxes by vector synthesis of two or more magnetic fluxes. Yes. In other words, by replacing some or all of the flux barrier part, which is the magnetic flux decrease part due to the sum of the magnet magnetic fluxes, with a plurality of magnets that create a composite magnetic flux vector that concentrates the magnetic flux in the direction of the magnetic flux increase part due to the sum of the magnet magnetic fluxes. In order to increase the surface area of the magnet, the torque is further improved without securing a new magnet installation space. Or an equivalent torque can be generated with a small amount of magnets.

 [0085] In addition, the magnetic flux of the magnet disposed in at least a part of the portion where the magnetic flux is reduced due to the sum of the magnetic fluxes is combined with one or more magnets and one or more flux cores << It concentrates on the part that increased. In other words, by replacing part or all of the flux noria part, which is the magnetic flux decrease part due to the sum of the magnet magnetic fluxes, with the magnet and flux noria so that the magnetic flux concentrates in the direction of the magnetic flux increase part due to the sum of the magnet magnetic fluxes, With a simple arrangement and the use of a magnet with a general shape, the cost can be reduced and the torque can be improved without securing a new magnet installation space, or equivalent torque can be generated with a small amount of magnetism. Can be made.

 [0086] Although the present invention has been described based on the drawings and examples, it should be noted that those skilled in the art can easily make various variations and modifications based on the present disclosure. Therefore, it should be noted that these variations and modifications are included in the scope of the present invention. For example, the functions included in each member, each method, each step, etc. can be rearranged so that there is no logical contradiction, and multiple members, means, steps, etc. can be combined or divided into one It is possible to do. In addition, although the embodiment has been described in the form in which the rotor is provided with the permanent magnet, the present invention can also be realized with an electromagnet. In the embodiments, two sets of magnets have been described. However, the present invention can achieve the same effect even with three or more sets of magnets. In addition, for convenience of drawing and explanation, the rotor magnet is shown as N pole and S pole.-There is an example described. Note that it is similar. Furthermore, the N-pole and S-pole magnets are oriented in the direction of the magnetic field force. Magnets whose magnetization directions are in the radial direction (in the opposite direction) so that they are in the radial direction of the rotor center. (Slave side), S pole is arranged outside (stator side). Further, in some embodiments, the magnet is a force using the magnetizing direction arranged in the radial direction. The arrangement is not limited to this arrangement, and if the magnetic field lines are almost in the radial direction, there is no problem. Even a magnet arrangement.

 Industrial applicability

[0087] According to the first invention, a part of the plurality of magnet magnetic fluxes are generated so as to cancel each other, and the portion where the magnetic flux is canceled is arranged with a small amount of the magnetic flux generating member, or the magnet is deleted. , The amount of expensive permanent magnets used can be reduced. In addition, this configuration uses a magnetic flux generating member that generates a plurality of magnet magnetic fluxes corresponding to a plurality of magnet sets each having a different number of magnetic poles. Of course, it is possible to reduce the loss due to the loss compared to the case where the two rotors are rotated independently. Furthermore, the weight of the rotor itself is reduced by reducing the number of magnets at the magnetic flux canceling position, and it is further effective in improving the torque by reducing the inertia of the deleted magnet and reducing the weight of the motor. Even when an electromagnet is used, similar effects such as cost reduction, torque improvement, and motor weight reduction can be obtained.

 [0088] Further, according to the second invention, the peak of the winding current is obtained by providing a predetermined phase difference in the magnetic flux of each magnetic pole number component (that is, between each set of magnets generating each magnetic flux). Any one of the value, magnetic flux peak value, and induced voltage peak value can be set to a desired value. According to the third aspect of the invention, the absolute peak value of the winding current flowing through the stator winding of the motor is minimized, which is advantageous in reducing the switching element capacity of the inverter. . Further, according to the fourth invention, since the average value of the absolute value of the winding current flowing through the stator winding of the motor is minimized, it is possible to reduce the loss of the IGBT or the diode that causes a constant voltage drop. It will be advantageous.

 [0089] According to the fifth aspect of the invention, the effective value of the winding current flowing through the stator winding of the motor is minimized, which is advantageous in reducing the copper loss generated in the winding. In addition, according to the sixth aspect of the invention, the peak value of the magnetic flux obtained by adding the two magnet magnetic fluxes is minimized, which is advantageous in suppressing the occurrence of magnetic saturation. Further, according to the seventh aspect, since the peak value of the induced voltage generated in the stator winding of the motor is minimized, the motor can be rotated at high speed. Further, according to the eighth invention, the peak value of the induced voltage generated in the stator winding of the motor is maximized, so that the torque of the motor can be increased.

 [0090] According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, the magnetic flux generating member (that is, the magnet constituting the set of the plurality of magnets in the member) corresponds to at least one set of the plurality of magnet sets. Are distributed in a sine wave pattern in the circumferential direction of the rotor, which reduces the harmonic component of the magnetic flux compared to the case where an arc-shaped magnetic flux generating member concentric with the rotor axis is disposed. In addition, the cogging torque can be reduced.

[0091] At least one of the plurality of magnet sets constitutes the electric motor. The surface shape facing the stator (that is, the cross-sectional shape when cut by a plane perpendicular to the axis of the motor) is separated from the rotor axis for each magnetic pole in the circumferential direction of the rotor. By combining a magnet set that assumes an arc shape with a diameter smaller than the radius with another normal surface-shaped magnet set and a combined cross-sectional shape (this shape itself becomes a curve) It is possible to distribute magnetic flux in a sinusoidal shape in the circumferential direction of the rotor easily and simply.

 [0092] Further, according to the tenth invention, at least one of the plurality of magnetic poles is arranged so that a difference occurs between the d-axis inductance and the q-axis inductance, so that the reluctance torque can be obtained. In addition to the effects of claims 1 to 10, the torque can be increased without increasing the number of magnetic flux generating members.

 [0093] Further, according to the eleventh to eighteenth inventions, there is provided a rotor that can easily generate composite magnetic flux (it is not a mere gap, and can control passing magnetic flux), and can generate composite magnetic flux at low cost. It becomes possible to do.

 [0094] Further, according to the eleventh invention, a magnetic flux waveform can be distorted to generate a plurality of order component magnetic fluxes. According to the twelfth aspect of the invention, the magnetic flux waveform can be distorted to generate a plurality of order component magnetic fluxes, and demagnetization is not caused even when the rotor becomes hot. A rotating electrical machine can be realized. Further, according to the thirteenth invention, it is possible to realize a rotating electrical machine that emphasizes the magnetic flux of the order component on the low magnetic pole number side. Further, according to the fourteenth aspect, a rotating electrical machine in which the magnetic flux of the order component on the high magnetic pole number side is emphasized can be realized. According to the fifteenth invention, the eleventh to fourteenth inventions can be realized and magnets having the same volume may be prepared. In addition, according to the sixteenth invention, the content ratio of the fundamental wave and the harmonic component of the magnetic flux can be changed by changing the magnet pitch (the circumferential length of each magnet). According to the seventeenth invention, the eleventh to fourteenth inventions can be realized and magnets having the same volume may be prepared. Further, according to the eighteenth to twenty-second inventions, the magnetized magnet placed in the portion from which the magnet has been removed concentrates the magnetic flux in the portion where the magnetic flux has been increased by the addition of the magnetic flux of the magnet. The torque can be improved without securing a new value, and further downsizing can be realized.

Claims

 The scope of the claims  [1] Magnetic flux for a single rotor that generates a magnetic flux equivalent to a magnetic flux obtained by adding together the magnetic fluxes of a plurality of magnet sets with different numbers of magnetic poles arranged around each rotor of a plurality of rotors Compared to a location where a magnetic flux corresponding to a combined magnetic flux generated by superimposing and canceling the magnet magnetic flux of the set of the plurality of magnets is generated and the magnetic flux is canceled is not canceled. A rotor for an electric motor, wherein a low-flux magnet is arranged or a magnet is removed so as to reduce the amount of magnetic flux.  [2] In the rotor of the electric motor according to claim 1,  There are two sets of the plurality of magnets, and a predetermined phase difference is provided in the magnetic flux of the magnetic pole number component of each set. [3] In the rotor of the electric motor according to claim 2,  The motor rotor according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined phase difference is set so that a peak value of an absolute value of a winding current flowing through a stator winding constituting the motor is minimized. [4] In the rotor of the electric motor according to claim 2,  The electric motor rotor according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined phase difference is set such that an average value of absolute values of a winding current flowing through a stator winding constituting the electric motor is minimized. [5] In the rotor of the electric motor according to claim 2,  The electric motor rotor according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined phase difference is set so that an effective value of a winding current flowing through a stator winding constituting the motor is minimized. [6] In the rotor of the electric motor according to claim 2,  The electric motor rotor according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined phase difference is set such that a peak value of a magnetic flux obtained by adding two magnetic fluxes corresponding to the two sets of magnets is minimized. [7] In the rotor of the electric motor according to claim 2,  The electric motor rotor, wherein the predetermined phase difference is set so that a peak value of an induced voltage generated in a stator winding constituting the electric motor when the rotor rotates is minimized.  [8] In the rotor of the electric motor according to claim 2, The predetermined phase difference is a stator winding that constitutes the electric motor when the rotor rotates. The rotor of the electric motor is characterized in that the peak value of the induced voltage generated in the motor is set to a maximum.  In the rotor of the electric motor according to any one of claims 1 to 8,  The rotor of an electric motor, wherein the magnetic flux generating member is formed such that a magnet magnetic flux corresponding to at least one of the plurality of magnets is distributed in a sine wave shape in a circumferential direction of the rotor.  In the rotor of the electric motor according to any one of claims 1 to 8,  The rotor of the electric motor, wherein the magnetic poles in at least one of the plurality of magnets in the magnetic flux generating member are arranged so that a difference occurs between the d-axis inductance and the q-axis inductance. .  In the rotor of the electric motor according to claim 1,  The magnetic flux generating member is a permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet is constituted by a first permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet, and the residual magnetic flux density and Z or coercive force of the first permanent magnet are the second permanent magnet. An electric motor rotor characterized by being larger than that of a permanent magnet. In the rotor of the electric motor according to claim 1,  The magnetic flux generating member is a permanent magnet, the permanent magnet is composed of a first permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet, and the second permanent magnet has a magnet characteristic with respect to a temperature change of the second permanent magnet. An electric motor rotor characterized by being more stable than that of the motor. In the rotor of the electric motor according to claim 1,  The plurality of magnet sets are composed of a first magnet set having a low number of magnetic poles and a second magnet set having a high number of magnetic poles, and the magnets constituting the first and second magnet sets are arranged respectively. In doing so, when canceling out the magnets constituting the first magnet set and the magnets constituting the second magnet set, the magnets are arranged so that the magnetic flux of the first magnet set is strengthened. An electric motor rotor characterized by being arranged.  In the rotor of the electric motor according to claim 1, The plurality of magnet sets are composed of a first magnet set having a low number of magnetic poles and a second magnet set having a high number of magnetic poles, and the magnets constituting the first and second magnet sets are arranged respectively. In doing so, a magnet constituting the first magnet set and a magnet constituting the second magnet set are provided. A rotor for an electric motor, wherein magnets are arranged so that magnetic fluxes of magnets constituting the second magnet set are strengthened when canceling. [15] In the rotor of the electric motor according to claim 1,  The rotor of an electric motor, wherein the magnetic flux generating member is composed of a plurality of permanent magnets, and the circumferential lengths of the plurality of permanent magnets are all the same. [16] In the rotor of the electric motor according to claim 1,  The rotor of an electric motor, wherein the magnetic flux generating member is composed of a plurality of permanent magnets, and the circumferential lengths of the plurality of permanent magnets differ depending on the magnets. [17] In the rotor of the electric motor according to claim 1,  The rotor of an electric motor, wherein the magnetic flux generating member is composed of a plurality of permanent magnets, and the thicknesses of the plurality of permanent magnets in the radial direction differ depending on the magnets.  [18] The rotor of the electric motor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the magnet is magnetized so that the magnetic flux is concentrated at a portion where the magnetic flux is increased by adding the magnetic flux to the portion where the magnet is removed! An electric motor rotor. [19] The rotor of the electric motor according to claim 18, wherein the magnetized magnet is configured such that magnetic flux concentrates in one or more magnetization directions. [20] The rotor of the electric motor according to claim 18, wherein the magnetized magnet concentrates magnetic flux depending on an installation angle of one or more magnets. 21. The electric motor rotor according to claim 18, wherein the magnetized magnet is configured such that magnetic flux is concentrated by combining two or more vectors thereof. 22. The rotor of an electric motor according to claim 18, wherein the magnetized magnet is configured such that magnetic flux is concentrated by one or more magnets and one or more fluxno << rears.