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WO2008031810A2 - Compressor plant - Google Patents

Compressor plant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008031810A2
WO2008031810A2 PCT/EP2007/059502 EP2007059502W WO2008031810A2 WO 2008031810 A2 WO2008031810 A2 WO 2008031810A2 EP 2007059502 W EP2007059502 W EP 2007059502W WO 2008031810 A2 WO2008031810 A2 WO 2008031810A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
turbine
compressor
steam
gas turbine
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2007/059502
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2008031810A3 (en
Inventor
Hans-Gerd Kölscheid
Klaus Peters
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to US12/310,928 priority Critical patent/US20120324861A1/en
Priority to EP07820112.6A priority patent/EP2061954B1/en
Priority to JP2009527801A priority patent/JP5241719B2/en
Publication of WO2008031810A2 publication Critical patent/WO2008031810A2/en
Publication of WO2008031810A3 publication Critical patent/WO2008031810A3/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to NO20091367A priority patent/NO339430B1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/064—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle in combination with an industrial process, e.g. chemical, metallurgical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0281—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc. characterised by the type of prime driver, e.g. hot gas expander
    • F25J1/0282—Steam turbine as the prime mechanical driver
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0281—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc. characterised by the type of prime driver, e.g. hot gas expander
    • F25J1/0283—Gas turbine as the prime mechanical driver
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0285—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings
    • F25J1/0287—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings including an electrical motor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0289—Use of different types of prime drivers of at least two refrigerant compressors in a cascade refrigeration system

Definitions

  • the invention relates to compression plant, as used in particular for gas liquefaction.
  • a disadvantage of the known state of the art is that the overall efficiency of the systems is limited to the possibilities of the individual process.
  • the efficiencies of gas turbines are about 40%, of steam turbines about 45% and of electrical machines (such as electric motors) about 98%.
  • gas turbine gas turbine
  • steam turbine steam turbine
  • the efficiency for power generation can amount to a maximum of 60% with today's technology.
  • a complicated circuit technology is required to transmit the generated electric power to the electric machine or to the electric motor.
  • transmission losses in a system that converts electric power in one frequency converter from one frequency range to another are also not negligible. The transmission losses may be, for example, up to about 5%.
  • the electric machines or electric motors drive a compressor, e.g. can be used as a compressor of a gas liquefaction plant.
  • a gas liquefaction plant is e.g. as LNG
  • Plant (Liquified Natural Gas).
  • natural gas is cooled to approximately 0 C -16O.
  • the natural gas becomes liquid and is (smaller volume) easier to handle transport (usually in special transport devices).
  • the compressors have the task of operating media, usually compress operating gases that can absorb heat during a later expansion. This heat is withdrawn from the natural gas in the so-called "cold box" of the LNG plant, and the natural gas is cooled in this way, whereby the operating medium or operating gas is compressed and expanded again and again in a cycle.
  • the compressors are usually supplied by the o.g. Driven electric motor, so that there are significant (transmission) losses, since the electricity to be generated for the electric motor is generated either by the gas process or the steam process, and because the electric motor must drive the compressor.
  • the invention has the object to improve a compacting system of the type mentioned by simple means to the effect that the efficiency is improved while harmful emissions are reduced.
  • gas turbines and steam turbines are each used separately to each drive the at least one compressor directly, so without the interposition of an electrical machine or an electric motor.
  • the exhaust gas of the gas turbine can be used to a steam generating plant, preferably to fire a waste heat boiler, which in turn generates the steam required for the steam turbine.
  • a gas and steam process gas and steam process
  • each gas turbine drives at least one compressor directly.
  • the steam turbine can have a high-pressure part, a medium-pressure part and / or a low-pressure part, wherein a steam turbine with all three above-mentioned pressure parts is preferably provided.
  • the steam passes, for example, first into the high-pressure part, from there into the medium-pressure part and then into the low-pressure part, behind which the at least one compressor is arranged.
  • the arrangement of the compressor behind the low pressure part is not limited to this arrangement. It is possible that the compressor is arranged, for example between the turbine sections or on the high pressure side.
  • the at least one gas turbine and / or the steam turbine are each assigned a plurality of compressors, which are connected in series with the at least one compressor or connected in parallel thereto.
  • the at least one compressor, a generator or an electric machine or an electric motor is connected downstream, for example, to drive other machines.
  • the at least one of the gas turbine associated compressor and the gas turbine have a common shaft, so that the efficiency is further improved.
  • two separate shaft parts of the respective component may be provided, which are interconnected by suitable means.
  • a common shaft may be provided.
  • the at least one of the steam turbine associated compressor and the steam turbine may have a common shaft, which of course also separate shaft parts as mentioned above are possible.
  • the respective compressor which is driven directly by the gas turbine or the steam turbine, for example, as a compressor of a gas liquefaction plant, e.g. a LNG plant.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a compaction system.
  • FIG. 1 shows a compression system 1, which has at least one gas turbine 2 and a steam turbine 3. In the illustrated embodiment, by way of example, three gas turbines 2 are provided.
  • the exhaust gases of the gas turbine 2 fire a
  • Steam generating plant 4 which is designed as a waste heat boiler.
  • the steam generated in the steam generating plant 4 is supplied to the steam turbine 3 and drives it.
  • the illustrated gas turbine 2 is a starter helper motor generator (SHMG) 10 assigned.
  • the Starter Helper Motor Generator (SHMG) 10 can be used both as a helper motor (auxiliary motor) and as a generator.
  • the starter is in Understand the meaning of the invention such that the engine - as in a car engine - is the starter, and ensures to bring the gas turbine to a speed that the gas turbine is able to operate the shaft train alone.
  • gas turbine 2 gas turbine 2
  • steam turbine 3 steam turbine 3
  • gas and steam process gas and steam process
  • the steam turbine 3 has a high-pressure part 6, a medium-pressure part 7 and a low-pressure part 8.
  • Both the at least one gas turbine 2 and the steam turbine 3 are each assigned at least one compressor 9.
  • the respective compressors 9 are each directly connected to the at least one gas turbine 2 and the steam turbine 3, wherein the at least one of the steam turbine 3 associated compressor 9 is disposed behind the low pressure part 8 of the steam turbine 3.
  • Each of the at least one gas turbine 2 and the steam turbine 3 associated compressor 9 are each driven directly from the gas turbine 2 and the steam turbine 3, without the interposition of an electric machine or an electric motor, the gas turbines, however, the starter helper motor generator (SHMG ) 10 is assigned.
  • SHMG starter helper motor generator
  • one or more compressors 9, an electric machine or an electric motor and / or a generator may be connected downstream.
  • the positioning of the compressor 9 in the shaft strands should not be limited to the disclosed position, but may be made variable.
  • the gas turbine 2 it is possible for the gas turbine 2 to have at least one compressor 9 and the at least one gas turbine 2 to have a common shaft (line 11).
  • the respective compressor 9 can, for example, compress an operating medium or an operating gas so that the operating medium can absorb heat during a later expansion. It is conceivable, for example, that the compressed in the respective compressor 9 operating medium of a gas liquefaction plant, for example, a LNG plant (Liquefied Natural Gas) is supplied to cool natural gas.
  • a gas liquefaction plant for example, a LNG plant (Liquefied Natural Gas) is supplied to cool natural gas.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a compressor plant with at least one gas turbine (2) which comprises a gas turbine compressor and with a steam turbine (3), wherein a steam generation plant (4) which is assigned to the gas turbine (2) is operated with exhaust gases of the gas turbine (2), such that the steam generated in the steam generation plant (4) drives the steam turbine (3). Conventional compressor plants have a poor level of efficiency. Here, the invention remedies this in that the combination of the gas turbine (2) and the steam turbine (3) is assigned at least one additional compressor (9) for compressing a process medium, which compressor (9) is connected directly to the gas turbine (2) and/or the steam turbine (3) such that the assigned compressor (9) can in each case be driven directly by the gas turbine (2) and/or the steam turbine (3).

Description

Beschreibungdescription

Verdichtungsanlagecompressor plant

Die Erfindung betrifft Verdichtungsanlage, wie sie insbesondere zur Gasverflüssigung eingesetzt wird.The invention relates to compression plant, as used in particular for gas liquefaction.

Bekannt ist, entweder Gasturbinen oder Dampfturbinen beispielsweise zur Stromerzeugung für elektrische Antriebsmaschinen bzw. Elektromotoren für den Antrieb vonIt is known, either gas turbines or steam turbines, for example, to generate electricity for electric drive machines or electric motors for the drive of

Kompressoren bzw. Verdichtern einzusetzen. Nachteilig bei dem bekannten Stand der Technik ist, dass sich der Gesamtwirkungsgrad der Anlagen auf die Möglichkeiten des Einzelprozesses beschränkt. Dabei liegen die Wirkungsgrade von Gasturbinen etwa bei 40%, von Dampfturbinen etwa bei 45% und von elektrischen Arbeitsmaschinen (z.B. Elektromotoren) etwa bei 98%. Bei den elektrischen Arbeitsmaschinen bzw. den Elektromotoren ist allerdings zu berücksichtigen, dass der Strom, den diese benötigen von einem Gasprozess (Gasturbine) , einem Dampfprozess (Dampfturbine) oder durch eine Kombination beider Prozesse bereitgestellt werden muss. Der Wirkungsgrad für die Stromerzeugung kann dabei mit der heutigen Technik maximal 60% betragen. Weiter ist eine komplizierte Schaltungstechnik erforderlich, um den erzeugten elektrischen Strom zur elektrischen Arbeitsmaschine bzw. zum Elektromotor zu übertragen. Weiter sind Übertragungsverluste bei einem System, das elektrische Energie in einem Frequenzumrichter von einem Frequenzbereich in einen anderen umzusetzen hat ebenfalls nicht vernachlässigbar. Die Übertragungsverluste können beispielsweise bis zu etwa 5% betragen.Use compressors or compressors. A disadvantage of the known state of the art is that the overall efficiency of the systems is limited to the possibilities of the individual process. The efficiencies of gas turbines are about 40%, of steam turbines about 45% and of electrical machines (such as electric motors) about 98%. In the case of electric machines or electric motors, however, it must be taken into consideration that the power they require must be provided by a gas process (gas turbine), a steam process (steam turbine) or by a combination of both processes. The efficiency for power generation can amount to a maximum of 60% with today's technology. Next, a complicated circuit technology is required to transmit the generated electric power to the electric machine or to the electric motor. Further, transmission losses in a system that converts electric power in one frequency converter from one frequency range to another are also not negligible. The transmission losses may be, for example, up to about 5%.

Die elektrischen Arbeitsmaschinen bzw. die Elektromotoren treiben beispielsweise einen Verdichter an, der z.B. als Verdichter einer Gasverflüssigungsanlage einsetzbar ist. Eine solche Gasverflüssigungsanlage ist z.B. als LNG-For example, the electric machines or electric motors drive a compressor, e.g. can be used as a compressor of a gas liquefaction plant. Such a gas liquefaction plant is e.g. as LNG

Anlage (Liquified Natural Gas) bekannt. Hierbei wird Erdgas bis auf ca. -16O0C abgekühlt. Dabei wird das Erdgas flüssig und ist (kleineres Volumen) dann auch leichter zu transportieren (üblicherweise in speziellen Transportvorrichtungen) . Die Verdichter haben dabei die Aufgabe Betriebsmedien, üblicherweise Betriebsgase zu verdichten, die bei einer späteren Expansion Wärme aufnehmen können. Diese Wärme wird dem Erdgas in der so genannten „Cold Box" der LNG-Anlage entzogen, und das Erdgas auf diese Weise abgekühlt. Das Betriebsmedium bzw. Betriebsgas wird dabei in einem Kreislauf immer wieder verdichtet und entspannt.Plant (Liquified Natural Gas). Here, natural gas is cooled to approximately 0 C -16O. The natural gas becomes liquid and is (smaller volume) easier to handle transport (usually in special transport devices). The compressors have the task of operating media, usually compress operating gases that can absorb heat during a later expansion. This heat is withdrawn from the natural gas in the so-called "cold box" of the LNG plant, and the natural gas is cooled in this way, whereby the operating medium or operating gas is compressed and expanded again and again in a cycle.

Die Verdichter werden üblicherweise von dem o.g. Elektromotor angetrieben, so dass hier erhebliche (Übertragungs) Verluste entstehen, da der für den Elektromotor zu erzeugende Strom entweder von dem Gasprozess oder dem Dampfprozess erzeugt wird, und da der Elektromotor den Verdichter antreiben muss.The compressors are usually supplied by the o.g. Driven electric motor, so that there are significant (transmission) losses, since the electricity to be generated for the electric motor is generated either by the gas process or the steam process, and because the electric motor must drive the compressor.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde eine Verdichtungsanlage der Eingangs genannten Art mit einfachen Mitteln dahingehend zu verbessern, dass der Wirkungsgrad verbessert und gleichzeitig schädliche Emissionen reduziert werden.The invention has the object to improve a compacting system of the type mentioned by simple means to the effect that the efficiency is improved while harmful emissions are reduced.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe durch eine Verdichtungsanlage mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.According to the invention the object is achieved by a compression system with the features of claim 1.

Vorteilhaft werden Gasturbinen und Dampfturbinen jeweils separat dazu benutzt jeweils den zumindest einen Verdichter direkt anzutreiben, also ohne Zwischenschaltung einer elektrischen Arbeitsmaschine bzw. eines Elektromotors. Dies führt zu einer Wirkungsgradverbesserung, da die Energieübertragung sowohl von der Gasturbine als auch der Dampfturbine zu dem jeweils zugeordneten zumindest einen Verdichter auf direktem Wege erfolgt, und soAdvantageously, gas turbines and steam turbines are each used separately to each drive the at least one compressor directly, so without the interposition of an electrical machine or an electric motor. This leads to an improvement in efficiency, since the energy transfer takes place both directly from the gas turbine and the steam turbine to the respectively assigned at least one compressor, and so on

Umwandlungsverluste, wie sie bei der Erzeugung von Strom und Antrieb von Verdichtern mittels elektrischer Arbeitsmaschinen bzw. Elektromotoren auftritt, zu vermeiden. Damit wird aber auch gleichzeitig eine Reduzierung schädlicher Emissionen wie z.B. C02-Emissionen erreicht, was insbesondere in Hinsicht auf den Handel bzw. den Erwerb von Emissionsrechten vorteilhaft ist. Denn wer weniger Emissionen ausstößt, muss auch weniger Emissionsrechte erwerben.Conversion losses, as occurs in the production of electricity and drive of compressors by means of electric machines or electric motors to avoid. At the same time, however, a reduction of harmful emissions such as C0 2 emissions is achieved, which is especially true with regard to trade and the acquisition of emission rights is advantageous. Because who emits less emissions, must also acquire fewer emission rights.

Dies ist umso vorteilhafter, als das Abgas der Gasturbine dazu verwendet werden kann eine Dampferzeugungsanlage, bevorzugt einen Abhitzekessel zu befeuern, der wiederum den für die Dampfturbine benötigten Dampf erzeugt. Insofern ist es zweckmäßig im Sinne der Erfindung, wenn die Gasturbine und die Dampfturbine miteinander zu einem Gas- und Dampfprozess (GuD-Prozess) kombiniert werden. Natürlich können mehrere Gasturbinen an einen Abhitzekessel angeschlossen sein, wobei dann zweckmäßiger Weise auch jede Gasturbine jeweils zumindest einen Verdichter direkt antreibt. Die Dampfturbine kann einen Hochdruckteil, einen Mitteldruckteil und/oder einen Niederdruckteil aufweisen, wobei bevorzugt eine Dampfturbine mit allen drei oben genannten Druckteilen vorgesehen ist. Aus dem Abhitzekessel gelangt dabei der Dampf beispielhaft zunächst in den Hochdruckteil, von dort in den Mitteldruckteil und anschließend in den Niederdruckteil, hinter dem der zumindest eine Verdichter angeordnet ist. Natürlich ist die Anordnung des Verdichters hinter dem Niederdruckteil nicht auf diese Anordnung beschränkt. Möglich ist, dass der Verdichter beispielsweise zwischen den Teilturbinen oder auf der Hochdruckseite angeordnet ist.This is all the more advantageous as the exhaust gas of the gas turbine can be used to a steam generating plant, preferably to fire a waste heat boiler, which in turn generates the steam required for the steam turbine. In this respect, it is expedient for the purposes of the invention, when the gas turbine and the steam turbine are combined with each other to a gas and steam process (gas and steam process). Of course, several gas turbines may be connected to a waste heat boiler, then expediently each gas turbine drives at least one compressor directly. The steam turbine can have a high-pressure part, a medium-pressure part and / or a low-pressure part, wherein a steam turbine with all three above-mentioned pressure parts is preferably provided. From the waste heat boiler, the steam passes, for example, first into the high-pressure part, from there into the medium-pressure part and then into the low-pressure part, behind which the at least one compressor is arranged. Of course, the arrangement of the compressor behind the low pressure part is not limited to this arrangement. It is possible that the compressor is arranged, for example between the turbine sections or on the high pressure side.

Um den Wirkungsgrad weiter zu verbessern, ist es vorteilhaft im Sinne der Erfindung, wenn der zumindest einen Gasturbine und/oder der Dampfturbine jeweils mehrere Verdichter zugeordnet sind, die mit dem zumindest einen Verdichter in Reihe geschaltet oder parallel dazu geschaltet sind.To further improve the efficiency, it is advantageous for the purposes of the invention if the at least one gas turbine and / or the steam turbine are each assigned a plurality of compressors, which are connected in series with the at least one compressor or connected in parallel thereto.

Denkbar ist, dass dem zumindest einen Verdichter ein Generator oder eine elektrische Arbeitsmaschine bzw. ein Elektromotor nachgeschaltet ist, um z.B. andere Maschinen anzutreiben . Günstig im Sinne der Erfindung ist, wenn der zumindest eine der Gasturbine zugeordnete Verdichter und die Gasturbine eine gemeinsame Welle aufweisen, so dass der Wirkungsgrad weiter verbessert wird. Natürlich können auch zwei getrennte Wellenteile der jeweiligen Komponente vorgesehen sein, welche mit geeigneten Mitteln miteinander verbunden sind. Auch wenn einen Mehrzahl von Verdichtern in Reihe geschaltet sind, kann einen gemeinsame Welle vorgesehen sein. Natürlich können auch der zumindest eine der Dampfturbine zugeordnete Verdichter und die Dampfturbine eine gemeinsame Welle aufweisen, wobei selbstverständlich auch getrennte Wellenteile wie oben genannt möglich sind.It is conceivable that the at least one compressor, a generator or an electric machine or an electric motor is connected downstream, for example, to drive other machines. Favorable in the context of the invention is when the at least one of the gas turbine associated compressor and the gas turbine have a common shaft, so that the efficiency is further improved. Of course, two separate shaft parts of the respective component may be provided, which are interconnected by suitable means. Although a plurality of compressors are connected in series, a common shaft may be provided. Of course, the at least one of the steam turbine associated compressor and the steam turbine may have a common shaft, which of course also separate shaft parts as mentioned above are possible.

Der jeweilige Verdichter, welcher direkt von der Gasturbine bzw. der Dampfturbine angetrieben ist kann beispielsweise als Verdichter einer Gasverflüssigungsanlage, z.B. einer LNG- Anlage eingesetzt werden.The respective compressor, which is driven directly by the gas turbine or the steam turbine, for example, as a compressor of a gas liquefaction plant, e.g. a LNG plant.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen und der folgenden Figurenbeschreibung offenbart. Es zeigt die einzigeFurther advantageous embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the subclaims and the following description of the figures. It shows the only one

Fig. 1 eine Prinzipdarstellung einer Verdichtungsanlage.Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a compaction system.

Figur 1 zeigt eine Verdichtungsanlage 1, die zumindest eine Gasturbine 2 und eine Dampfturbine 3 aufweist. In dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel sind beispielhaft drei Gasturbinen 2 vorgesehen.FIG. 1 shows a compression system 1, which has at least one gas turbine 2 and a steam turbine 3. In the illustrated embodiment, by way of example, three gas turbines 2 are provided.

Die Abgase der Gasturbine 2 befeuern eineThe exhaust gases of the gas turbine 2 fire a

Dampferzeugungsanlage 4, welche als Abhitzekessel ausgeführt ist. Der in der Dampferzeugungsanlage 4 erzeugte Dampf wird der Dampfturbine 3 zugeführt und treibt diese an.Steam generating plant 4, which is designed as a waste heat boiler. The steam generated in the steam generating plant 4 is supplied to the steam turbine 3 and drives it.

Den dargestellten Gasturbinen 2 ist ein Starter-Helpermotor- Generator (SHMG) 10 zugeordnet. Der Starter-Helpermotor- Generator (SHMG) 10 kann sowohl als Helpermotor (Hilfsmotor) als auch als Generator eingesetzt werden. Der Starter ist im Sinne der Erfindung derart zu verstehen, dass der Motor - ähnlich wie bei einem Automotor - den Anlasser darstellt, und dafür Sorge trägt, die Gasturbine auf eine Drehzahl zu bringen, dass die Gasturbine dazu in der Lage ist, den Wellenstrang allein zu betreiben.The illustrated gas turbine 2 is a starter helper motor generator (SHMG) 10 assigned. The Starter Helper Motor Generator (SHMG) 10 can be used both as a helper motor (auxiliary motor) and as a generator. The starter is in Understand the meaning of the invention such that the engine - as in a car engine - is the starter, and ensures to bring the gas turbine to a speed that the gas turbine is able to operate the shaft train alone.

In der in Figur 1 dargestellten beispielhaften Verdichtungsanlage 1 ist der Gasprozess (Gasturbine 2) und der Dampfprozess (Dampfturbine 3) zu einem Gas- und Dampfprozess (GuD-Prozess) kombiniert.In the exemplary compression plant 1 shown in FIG. 1, the gas process (gas turbine 2) and the steam process (steam turbine 3) are combined to form a gas and steam process (gas and steam process).

Die Dampfturbine 3 gemäß dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel weist einen Hochdruckteil 6, einen Mitteldruckteil 7 und einen Niederdruckteil 8 auf.The steam turbine 3 according to the illustrated embodiment has a high-pressure part 6, a medium-pressure part 7 and a low-pressure part 8.

Sowohl der zumindest einen Gasturbine 2 als auch der Dampfturbine 3 ist jeweils zumindest ein Verdichter 9 zugeordnet. Die jeweiligen Verdichter 9 sind jeweils direkt mit der zumindest einen Gasturbine 2 und der Dampfturbine 3 verbunden, wobei der zumindest eine der Dampfturbine 3 zugeordnete Verdichter 9 hinter dem Niederdruckteil 8 der Dampfturbine 3 angeordnet ist. Die jeweils der zumindest einen Gasturbine 2 und der Dampfturbine 3 zugeordneten Verdichter 9 werden so jeweils direkt von der Gasturbine 2 und der Dampfturbine 3, ohne Zwischenschaltung einer elektrischen Arbeitsmaschine bzw. eines Elektromotors angetrieben, wobei den Gasturbinen allerdings der Starter- Helpermotor-Generator (SHMG) 10 zuzuordnen ist.Both the at least one gas turbine 2 and the steam turbine 3 are each assigned at least one compressor 9. The respective compressors 9 are each directly connected to the at least one gas turbine 2 and the steam turbine 3, wherein the at least one of the steam turbine 3 associated compressor 9 is disposed behind the low pressure part 8 of the steam turbine 3. Each of the at least one gas turbine 2 and the steam turbine 3 associated compressor 9 are each driven directly from the gas turbine 2 and the steam turbine 3, without the interposition of an electric machine or an electric motor, the gas turbines, however, the starter helper motor generator (SHMG ) 10 is assigned.

Nicht dargestellt ist in dem Ausführungsbeispiel zu Figur 1, dass einem oder mehreren Verdichtern 9 eine elektrische Arbeitsmaschine bzw. ein Elektromotor und/oder ein Generator nachgeschaltet sein kann. Selbstverständlich soll die Positionierung des Verdichters 9 in den Wellensträngen nicht auf die offenbarte Position beschränkt sein, sondern kann variabel gestaltet werden. Möglich ist, dass der der Gasturbine 2 zumindest eine Verdichter 9 und die zumindest eine Gasturbine 2 eine gemeinsame Welle (Linie 11) aufweisen. Weiter können der zumindest eine der Dampfturbine 3, bzw. dessen Niederdruckteil 8 zugeordnete Verdichter 9 und dieNot shown in the embodiment of Figure 1 that one or more compressors 9, an electric machine or an electric motor and / or a generator may be connected downstream. Of course, the positioning of the compressor 9 in the shaft strands should not be limited to the disclosed position, but may be made variable. It is possible for the gas turbine 2 to have at least one compressor 9 and the at least one gas turbine 2 to have a common shaft (line 11). Next, the at least one of the steam turbine 3, and its low-pressure part 8 associated compressor 9 and the

Dampfturbine 3 bzw. Niederdruckteil 8 eine gemeinsame Welle 12 aufweisen.Steam turbine 3 and low pressure part 8 have a common shaft 12.

Der jeweilige Verdichter 9 kann beispielsweise eine Betriebsmedium bzw. ein Betriebsgas verdichten, so dass das Betriebsmedium bei einer späteren Expansion Wärme aufnehmen kann. Denkbar ist beispielsweise, dass das in dem jeweiligen Verdichter 9 verdichtete Betriebsmedium einer Gasverflüssigungsanlage, zum Beispiel einer LNG- Anlage (Liquified Natural Gas) zugeführt wird um Erdgas abzukühlen . The respective compressor 9 can, for example, compress an operating medium or an operating gas so that the operating medium can absorb heat during a later expansion. It is conceivable, for example, that the compressed in the respective compressor 9 operating medium of a gas liquefaction plant, for example, a LNG plant (Liquefied Natural Gas) is supplied to cool natural gas.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims 1. Verdichtungsanlage, insbesondere zur Gasverflüssigung, mit zumindest einer Gasturbine (2), welche einen Gasturbinenverdichter umfasst, und mit einer Dampfturbine (3), wobei eine der Gasturbine (2) zugeordnete Dampferzeugungsanlage (4) mit Abgasen der Gasturbine (2) betrieben wird, so dass der in der Dampferzeugungsanlage (4) erzeugte Dampf die Dampfturbine (3) antreibt, wobei der Kombination aus Gasturbine (2) und der Dampfturbine (3) mindestens ein zusätzlicher Verdichter (9) zur Verdichtung eines Prozessmediums zugeordnet ist, der direkt mit der Gasturbine (2) und/oder der Dampfturbine (3) verbunden ist, so dass der zugeordnete Verdichter (9) jeweils direkt von der Gasturbine (2) und/oder der Dampfturbine (3) antreibbar ist.1. Compaction plant, in particular for gas liquefaction, with at least one gas turbine (2), which comprises a gas turbine compressor, and with a steam turbine (3), wherein one of the gas turbine (2) associated steam generating plant (4) with exhaust gases of the gas turbine (2) is operated in that the steam generated in the steam generating plant (4) drives the steam turbine (3), wherein the combination of gas turbine (2) and the steam turbine (3) is associated with at least one additional compressor (9) for compressing a process medium which is directly associated with the gas turbine (2) and / or the steam turbine (3) is connected, so that the associated compressor (9) in each case directly from the gas turbine (2) and / or the steam turbine (3) is drivable. 2. Verdichtungsanlage nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass sowohl der Gasturbine (2) als auch der Dampfturbine (3) jeweils zumindest ein zusätzlicher Verdichter (9) zugeordnet ist, die jeweils direkt mit der Gasturbine (2) und der Dampfturbine (3) verbunden sind, so dass die jeweils zugeordneten Verdichter (9) jeweils direkt von der Gasturbine (2) und der Dampfturbine (3) antreibbar sind.2. Compaction system according to claim 1, characterized in that both the gas turbine (2) and the steam turbine (3) each having at least one additional compressor (9) is assigned, each directly connected to the gas turbine (2) and the steam turbine (3) are, so that the respective associated compressor (9) in each case directly from the gas turbine (2) and the steam turbine (3) are drivable. 3. Verdichtungsanlage nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass der Gasturbine (2) und/oder der Dampfturbine (3) jeweils mehrere Verdichter (9) zugeordnet sind, die direkt von der jeweiligen Turbine (2; 3) antreibbar sind. 3. Compaction plant according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the gas turbine (2) and / or the steam turbine (3) are each associated with a plurality of compressors (9) which are directly from the respective turbine (2, 3) can be driven. 4. Verdichtungsanlage nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass dem zumindest einen Verdichter (9) eine elektrische Arbeitsmaschine und/oder ein Generator nachgeschaltet ist .4. Compaction plant according to claim 1, 2 or 3, d a d u r c h e c e n e c e s in that there is connected downstream of the at least one compressor (9) an electric working machine and / or a generator. 5. Verdichtungsanlage nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass der zumindest eine der Gasturbine (2) zugeordnete Verdichter (9) und die Gasturbine (2) eine gemeinsame Welle aufweisen.5. Compaction plant according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one of the gas turbine (2) associated compressor (9) and the gas turbine (2) have a common shaft. 6. Verdichtungsanlage nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass der zumindest eine der Dampfturbine (3) zugeordnete Verdichter (9) und die Dampfturbine (3) eine gemeinsame Welle aufweisen.6. Compaction plant according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one of the steam turbine (3) associated compressor (9) and the steam turbine (3) have a common shaft. 7. Verdichtungsanlage nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass die Dampferzeugungsanlage (4) als Abhitzekessel ausgeführt ist.7. Compaction plant according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the steam generating plant (4) is designed as a waste heat boiler. 8. Verdichtungsanlage nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass der jeweils der Gasturbine (2) und Dampfturbine (3) zugeordnete zumindest eine Verdichter (9) als Verdichter (9) einer Gasverflüssigungsanlage einsetzbar ist . 8. A compression plant according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gas turbine (2) and steam turbine (3) associated at least one compressor (9) is used as a compressor (9) of a gas liquefaction plant.
PCT/EP2007/059502 2006-09-15 2007-09-11 Compressor plant Ceased WO2008031810A2 (en)

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US12/310,928 US20120324861A1 (en) 2006-09-15 2007-09-11 Compression Installation
EP07820112.6A EP2061954B1 (en) 2006-09-15 2007-09-11 Lng-system in combination with gas- and steam-turbines
JP2009527801A JP5241719B2 (en) 2006-09-15 2007-09-11 Compression equipment
NO20091367A NO339430B1 (en) 2006-09-15 2009-04-02 Compressor stations

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EP06019355A EP1903189A1 (en) 2006-09-15 2006-09-15 LNG-System in combination with gas- and steam-turbines
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CN101517202A (en) 2009-08-26
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US20120324861A1 (en) 2012-12-27
RU2441988C2 (en) 2012-02-10
WO2008031810A3 (en) 2008-09-25
NO339430B1 (en) 2016-12-12
JP5241719B2 (en) 2013-07-17
EP2061954A2 (en) 2009-05-27
EP1903189A1 (en) 2008-03-26
JP2010503790A (en) 2010-02-04

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