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WO2008031808A2 - Composition pour huile lubrifiante - Google Patents

Composition pour huile lubrifiante Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008031808A2
WO2008031808A2 PCT/EP2007/059498 EP2007059498W WO2008031808A2 WO 2008031808 A2 WO2008031808 A2 WO 2008031808A2 EP 2007059498 W EP2007059498 W EP 2007059498W WO 2008031808 A2 WO2008031808 A2 WO 2008031808A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lubricating oil
oil
oil composition
oils
lubricating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2007/059498
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2008031808A3 (fr
Inventor
Hiroshi Kaneko
Yoshiharu Baba
Mitsuhiro Nagakari
Hirohiko Otsu
Masayoshi Osawa
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Showa Shell Sekiyu KK
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Original Assignee
Showa Shell Sekiyu KK
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Showa Shell Sekiyu KK, Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV filed Critical Showa Shell Sekiyu KK
Priority to EP07803392A priority Critical patent/EP2074202A2/fr
Priority to US12/440,718 priority patent/US20090318320A1/en
Publication of WO2008031808A2 publication Critical patent/WO2008031808A2/fr
Publication of WO2008031808A3 publication Critical patent/WO2008031808A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M141/06—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic nitrogen-containing compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
    • C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
    • C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/17—Fisher Tropsch reaction products
    • C10M2205/173—Fisher Tropsch reaction products used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/24—Epoxidised acids; Ester derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/287—Partial esters
    • C10M2207/289—Partial esters containing free hydroxy groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
    • C10M2215/08—Amides [having hydrocarbon substituents containing less than thirty carbon atoms]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
    • C10M2215/08—Amides [having hydrocarbon substituents containing less than thirty carbon atoms]
    • C10M2215/082—Amides [having hydrocarbon substituents containing less than thirty carbon atoms] containing hydroxyl groups; Alkoxylated derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/12—Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/02—Bearings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/06—Instruments or other precision apparatus, e.g. damping fluids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/12—Gas-turbines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/30—Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants

Definitions

  • This invention provides a lubricating oil compositions, among them to the generality of industrial lubricating oils using highly refined base oils, and in particular provides lubricating oil compositions used as machine oils, hydraulic oils, turbine oils, compressor oils, gear oils and bearing oils.
  • This invention aims to obtain an industrial lubricating oil which reduces the friction coefficient exhibited by the lubricating oil and which has high energy-saving properties. Also, when such a lubricating oil composition is used as a hydraulic oil in hydraulic apparatus, it will not only ensure that it is possible to control the hydraulic apparatus with good precision without giving rise to phenomena in the hydraulic cylinders such as chatter, vibration, squeaking and generation of abnormal sounds, but will also ensure that generation of rust is inhibited and so will impart good rust-preventing properties. Thus, the invention aims to obtain a lubricating oil composition of high functional efficiency which has good rust-preventing properties and is well endowed with energy-saving properties.
  • This invention is capable of obtaining a lubricating oil composition suitable as an industrial lubricating oil composition, such as in hydraulic oils, by incorporating in mineral or synthetic base oils, as additives, aspartic acid derivatives and fatty acid esters of polyhydric alcohols .
  • this invention it is possible to reduce effectively the friction losses generated in various kinds of industrial machinery, and it is possible to bring about energy savings. Also, in the case of use as a hydraulic oil, it is possible to control the hydraulic apparatus precisely by reducing the friction coefficient and so not giving rise to phenomena in the hydraulic apparatus such as chatter, vibrations, squeaking or generation of abnormal sounds. Furthermore, it is possible to obtain a lubricating oil composition well endowed with rust-preventing properties by inhibiting the generation of rust. Also, it is possible to produce a lubricating oil composition even more endowed with rust-preventing properties by not giving rise to generation of rust even if lower fatty acids such as formic acid or acetic acid are generated within the hydraulic apparatus and accumulate in the oil.
  • base oil of the present lubricating oil composition it is possible to use mineral oils and synthetic oils as normally used for lubricating oils, and in particular it is possible to use, singly or as mixtures, base oils which belong to Group I, Group II, Group III, Group IV and so on of the API (American Petroleum Institute) base oil categories.
  • Group I base oils include, for example, paraffinic mineral oils obtained by appropriate use of a suitable combination of refining processes such as solvent refining, hydrorefining, and dewaxing in respect of lubricating oil fractions obtained by atmospheric distillation of crude oil.
  • the viscosity index may be from 80 to 120 and preferably from 95 to 110.
  • the kinetic viscosity at 40 0 C is preferably from 2 to 680 mm 2 /s and even more preferably from 8 to 220 mm 2 /s.
  • the total sulphur content may be less than 700 ppm and preferably less than 500 ppm.
  • the total nitrogen content may be less than 50 ppm and preferably less than 25 ppm.
  • oils with an aniline point from 80 to 150 0 C and preferably from 90 to 120 0 C may be used.
  • Group II base oils include, for example, paraffinic mineral oils obtained by appropriate use of a suitable combination of refining processes such as hydrorefining and dewaxing in respect of lubricating oil fractions obtained by atmospheric distillation of crude oil.
  • Group II base oils refined by hydrorefining methods such as the Gulf Company method have a total sulphur content of less than 10 ppm and an aromatic content of under 5% and so are suitable for this invention.
  • the viscosity of these base oils is not specially limited, but the viscosity index may be from 90 to 125 and preferably from 100 to 120.
  • the kinetic viscosity at 4O 0 C may preferably be from 2 to 680 mm 2 /s and even more preferably from 8 to 220 mm 2 /s.
  • the total sulphur content may be less than 700 ppm, preferably less than 500 ppm and even more preferably less than 10 ppm.
  • the total nitrogen content may be less than 10 ppm and preferably less than 1 ppm.
  • oils with an aniline point from 80 to 15O 0 C and preferably from 100 to 135 0 C may be used.
  • paraffinic mineral oils manufactured by a high degree of hydrorefining in respect of lubricating oil fractions obtained by atmospheric distillation of crude oil base oils refined by the Isodewax process which dewaxes and substitutes the wax produced by the dewaxing process with isoparaffins, and base oils refined by the Mobil wax isomerisation process are suitable, for example.
  • the viscosity of these base oils is not specially limited, but the viscosity index may be from 95 to 145 and preferably from 100 to 140.
  • the kinetic viscosity at 40 0 C may preferably be from 2 to 680 mm 2 /s and even more preferably from 8 to 220 mm 2 /s.
  • the total sulphur content may be from 0 to 100 ppm and preferably less than 10 ppm.
  • the total nitrogen content may be less than 10 ppm and preferably less than 1 ppm.
  • oils with an aniline point from 80 to 150 0 C and preferably from 110 to 135 0 C may be used.
  • synthetic oils mention may be made of polyolefins, alkylbenzenes, alkylnaphthalenes, esters, polyoxyalkylene glycols, polyphenyl ethers, dialkyldiphenyl ethers, fluorine-containing compounds (perfluoropolyethers , fluorinated polyolefins) and silicone oils.
  • the above-mentioned polyolefins include polymers of various olefins or hydrides thereof. Any olefin may be used, and as examples mention may be made of ethylene, propylene, butene and ⁇ -olefins with five or more carbons. In the manufacture of polyolefins, one kind of the above-mentioned olefins may be used singly or two or more kinds may be used in combination. Particularly suitable are the polyolefins called poly- ⁇ -olefins (PAO) . These are base oils of Group IV.
  • PAO poly- ⁇ -olefins
  • the viscosity of these synthetic oils is not specially limited, but the kinetic viscosity at 40 0 C is preferably from 2 to 680 mm 2 /s and even more preferably from 8 to 220 mm 2 /s.
  • GTLs gas to liquid derived base oils
  • the viscosity of GTL derived base oils is not specially limited, but normally the viscosity index is from 130 to 180 and preferably from 140 to 175.
  • the kinetic viscosity at 4O 0 C may be from 2 to 680 mm 2 /s and even more preferably from 5 to 120 mm 2 /s.
  • the total sulphur content is also less than 10 ppm and the total nitrogen content less than 1 ppm.
  • a commercial example of such a GTL base oil is Shell XHVI (registered trademark) .
  • the amount of the above-mentioned base oil to be incorporated in the lubricating oil composition of this invention is not specially limited, but, taking as a basis the total amount of the lubricating oil composition, is preferably be at least 60% by weight, preferably at least 80% by weight, more preferably at least 90% by weight, and yet more preferably at least 95% by weight.
  • Xl and X2 are each hydrogen or from 3 to 6 carbon alkyl groups which may be the same or different, or hydroxyalkyl groups, and are preferably respectively a 2-methylpropyl group and a tertiary-butyl group.
  • X3 is an alkyl group comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, or an alkyl group having ether bonds, or a hydroxyalkyl group.
  • an octadecyl group, an alkoxypropyl group, a 3- (C6-C18) hydrocarbon oxy(C3 ⁇ C6) alkyl group and more preferably a cyclohexyloxypropyl group, a 3-octyloxypropyl group, a 3-isooctyloxypropyl group, a 3-decyloxypropyl group, a 3-isodecyloxypropyl group and a 3- (C12-C16) alkoxypropyl group are suitable.
  • X4 is a saturated or unsaturated carboxylic acid group comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, or an alkyl group comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group, or a hydroxyalkyl group.
  • a propionic acid group or a propionyl acid group is suitable.
  • the above-mentioned aspartic acid derivatives may have an acid number as determined by JIS-K2501 of from 10 to 200 mgKOH/g and preferaby from 50 to 150 mgKOH/g.
  • the amount of aspartic acid derivatives used in the lubricating oil composition is preferably from 0.01 to 5% by weight and preferably from 0.05 to 2% by weight.
  • fatty acid ester of a polyhydric alcohol it is possible to use those used in the prior art as oiliness agents, for example partial or complete esters of saturated or unsaturated fatty acids having from 1 to 24 carbons and polyhydric alcohols such as glycerol, sorbitol, alkylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol and xylidol.
  • glycerol esters include, as glycerol esters, glycerol monolaurylate, glycerol monostearate, glycerol monopalmitate, glycerol monooleate, glycerol dilaurylate, glycerol distearate, glycerol dipalmitate and glycerol dioleate.
  • sorbitol esters mention may be made of sorbitol monolaurylate, sorbitol monopalmitate, sorbitol monostearate, sorbitol monooleate, sorbitol dilaurylate, sorbitol dipalmitate, sorbitol distearate, sorbitol dioleate, sorbitol tristearate , sorbitol trilaurylate, sorbitol trioleate and sorbitol tetraoleate .
  • Alkylene glycol esters include ethylene glycol monolaurylate, ethylene glycol monostearate, ethylene glycol monooleate, ethylene glycol dilaurylate, ethylene glycol distearate, ethylene glycol dioleate, propylene glycol monolaurylate, propylene glycol monostearate, propylene glycol monooleate, propylene glycol dilaurylate, propylene glycol distearate and propylene glycoldioleate .
  • neopentyl glycol esters mention may be made of neopentyl glycol monolaurylate, neopentyl glycol monostearate, neopentyl glycol monooleate, neopentyl glycol dilaurylate, neopentyl glycol distearate and neopentyl glycol dioleate.
  • Trimethylolpropane esters include trimethylolpropane raonolaurylate, trimethylolpropane monostearate, trimethylolpropane monooleate, trimethylolpropane dilaurylate, trimethylolpropane distearate, trimethylolpropane dioleate and trimethylolpropane monolaurylate .
  • Pentaerythritol esters include pentaerythritol monostearate, pentaerythritol monolaurylate, pentaerythritol monooleate, pentaerythritol dilaurylate, pentaerythritol distearate, pentaerythritol dioleate and dipentaerythritol monooleate.
  • fatty acid esters of polyhydric alcohols it is preferable to use partial esters of polyhydric alcohols and unsaturated fatty acids.
  • These fatty acid esters of polyhydric alcohols are preferably used in the lubricating oil composition to the amount of approximately from 0.01 to 5% by weight and more preferably to the amount of approximately from 0.05 to 2% by weight. If the amount used is outside the above- mentioned range, the effect of reducing the friction coefficient may be diminished.
  • the above-mentioned epoxy compounds may be manufactured by epoxidising, for example, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, linseed oil, castor oil, coconut oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, sunflower oil, rice bran oil, safflower oil, beef tallow and pork tallow, and mention may be made of epoxidised fatty acid glycerides such as epoxidised rapeseed oil, epoxidised soybean oil, epoxidised linseed oil, epoxidised castor oil and epoxidised safflower oil.
  • epoxidised fatty acid glycerides such as epoxidised rapeseed oil, epoxidised soybean oil, epoxidised linseed oil, epoxidised castor oil and epoxidised safflower oil.
  • Epoxidised fatty acid esters are also suitable as epoxy compounds.
  • Epoxidised forms of esters of rapeseed oil, soybean oil, linseed oil, castor oil, coconut oil, palm oil palm kernel oil, sunflower oil, rice bran oil, safflower oil, beef tallow, pork tallow and fatty acids derived from plant oils with Cl ⁇ C8 alcohols are also suitable.
  • rapeseed oil fatty acid isobutyl ester.
  • the essential constituents of rapeseed oil fatty acids are fatty acids having 18 carbons with oleic acid 63%, linolic acid 20% and linolenic acid 8%.
  • epoxy compounds are known as plasticisers and stabilisers for rubbers and plastics, and the amount of epoxy compound to be incorporated in the lubricating oil may be from 0.01 to 5% by weight, more preferably from 0.01 to 2% by weight, and yet more preferably from 0.01 to 1% by weight.
  • R 1 denotes a straight-chain saturated or unsaturated alkyl group with from 6 to 30 carbons, and n is an integer 1 or 2) .
  • the alkyl amines shown by the above-mentioned General Formula (2) include, as primary amines, those shown by General Formula (3) below. (Formula 3)
  • X5 denotes an alkyl group or an alkenyl group with from 1 to 30 carbons .
  • laurylamine coconut amine, n-tridecylamine, myristylamine, n-pentadecylamine, n-palmitylamine, n- heptadecylamine, n-stearylamine, isostearylamine, n- nonadecylamine, n-eicosylamine, n-heneicosylamine, n- docosylamine, n-tricosylamine, n-pentacosylamine, oleylamine, beef tallow amine, hydrogenated beef tallow amine and soybean amine.
  • the number of carbons in X5 are preferably from 8 to 24, and more preferably from 12 to 18.
  • X5 may be a straight-chain aliphatic, a branched-chain aliphatic or a tertiary alkyl group.
  • secondary amines mention may be made of dilaurylamine, dicoconut amine, di-n- tridecylamine, di-n-myristylamine, di-n-pentadecylamine, di-n-palmitylamine, di-n-heptadecylamine, di-n- stearylamine, diisostearylamine, di-n-nonadecylamine, di- n-eicosylamine, di-n-heneicosylamine, di-n-docosylamine, di-n-tricosylamine, di-n-pentacosylamine, dioleylamine, di-beef tallow amine, di-hydrogenated beef tallow amine and di-soybean amine.
  • the aliphatic amines may also be the amines shown by General Formula (4) below. (Formula 4)
  • X6 denotes an alkyl group or an alkenyl group with from 1 to 30 carbons .
  • the number of carbons in X6 are preferably from 8 to 24, and more preferably from 12 to 18.
  • X7 denotes an alkylene group with from 1 to 12 carbons .
  • the number of carbons in X7 are preferably from 1 to 8 , and more preferably from 2 to 4.
  • propylenediamines such as N- octyl-1, 3-propylenediamine, N-nonyl-1, 3 -propylenediamine, N-decyl-1 , 3-propylenediamine, N-undecyl-1, 3- propylenediamine, N-lauryl-1, 3-propylenediamine, N- tridecyl-1, 3-propylenediamine, N-myristyl-1, 3- propylenediamine, N-tetradecyl-1, 3-propylenediamine, N- pentadecyl-1, 3-propylenediamine, N-palmityl-1, 3- propylenediamine, N-heptadecyl-1, 3-propylenediamine, N- oleyl-1,3 -propylenediamine , N-stearyl-1,3- propylenediamine, N-isostearyl-1, 3-propylenediamine, N-
  • butylenediamines such as N-octyl-1,4- butylenediamine, N-nonyl-1, 4-butylenediamine, N-decyl- 1, 4-butylenediamine, N-undecyl-1, 4-butylenediamine, N- lauryl-1, 4-butylenediamine, N-tridecyl-1, 4- butylenediamine, N-myristyl-1, 4-butylenediamine, N- tetradecyl-1, 4-butylenediamine, N-pentadecyl-1, 4- butylenediamine, N-palmityl-1, 4-butylenediamine, N- heptadecyl-1, 4-butylenediamine, N-oleyl-1, 4- butylenediamine, N-stearyl-1, 4-butylenediamine, N- isostearyl-1 , 4-butylenediamine, N-nona
  • X8 denotes an alkyl group or an alkenyl group with from 1 to 30 carbons .
  • the number of carbons in X8 are preferably from 1 to 20, and more preferably from 1 to 8 or from 12 to 18.
  • X9 denotes an alkyl group, an alkylene group or a hydroxyalkyl group with from 1 to 20 carbons.
  • the number of carbons in X9 are preferably from 1 to 8 or from 12 to 18.
  • Examples of cases where X8 is a methyl group include dialkyl methylamines such as dioctyl methylamine, dinonyl methylamine, didecyl methylamine, diundecyl methylamine, dilauryl methylamine, ditridecyl methylamine, dimyristyl methylamine, ditetradecyl methylamine, dipentadecyl methylamine, dipalmityl methylamine, diheptadecyl methylamine, dioleyl methylamine, distearyl methylamine, diisostearyl methylamine, dinonadecyl methylamine, dieicosyl methylamine, di-coconut methylamine, di-beef tallow methylamine, di-hydrogenated beef tallow methylamine and di-soybean methylamine.
  • dialkyl methylamines such as dioctyl methylamine, dinonyl methylamine, didecy
  • examples of cases where X9 is a methyl group include alkyl dimethylamines such as octyl dimethylamine, nonyl dimethylamine, decyl dimethylamine, undecyl dimethylamine, lauryl dimethylamine, tridecyl dimethylamine, myristyl dimethylamine, tetradecyl dimethylamine, pentadecyl dimethylamine, palmityl dimethylamine, heptadecyl dimethylamine, oleyl dimethylamine, stearyl dimethylamine, isostearyl dimethylamine, nonadecyl dimethylamine, eicosyl dimethylamine, coconut dimethylamine, beef tallow dimethylamine, hydrogenated beef tallow dimethylamine and soybean dimethylamine .
  • alkyl dimethylamines such as octyl dimethylamine, nonyl dimethylamine, decyl dimethylamine, undecyl dimethylamine, lauryl dimethylamine, tridecyl dimethylamine
  • examples of cases where X9 is a hydroxyalkyl group include N-alkyl diethanolamines such as N-octyl diethanolamine, N-nonyl diethanolamine, N- decyl diethanolamine, N-undecyl diethanolamine, N- lauryl diethanolamine, N-tridecyl diethanolamine, N-myristyl diethanolamine, N-tetradecyl diethanolamine, N-pentadecyl diethanolamine, N-palmityl diethanolamine, N-heptadecyl diethanolamine, N-oleyl diethanolamine, N-stearyl diethanolamine, N- isostearyl diethanolamine, N-nonadecyl diethanolamine, N-eicosyl diethanolamine, N-coconut diethanolamine, N-beef tallow diethanolamine, N- hydrogenated beef tallow diethanolamine and N-soybean diethanolamine, and also N-alkyl diethanol
  • At least one of these aliphatic amines selected from the above-mentioned groups may be used in the lubricating oil composition in the amount of approximately from 0.005 to 5% by weight and preferably in the amount of approximately from 0.01 to 1% by weight.
  • various additives Mention may be made of anti-oxidants , metal deactivators, extreme-pressure additives, oiliness improvers, defoaming agents, viscosity index improvers, pour-point depressants, detergent dispersants, rust-preventatives, demulsifiers and so on, as well as other known lubricating oil additives.
  • anti-oxidants used in this invention those used in lubricating oils are preferred for practical use, and mention may be made of phenolic anti-oxidants, phosphorus-type anti-oxidants, amine-type anti-oxidants and sulphur-type anti-oxidants. These anti-oxidants may be used singly or in combinations of several within the range of from 0.01 to 5.0 parts by weight in respect of 100 parts by weight of the base oil.
  • dialkyl-diphenylamines such as p, p' -dioctyl-diphenylamine (Nonflex OD-3, made by Seiko Chemical Ltd), p,p ' -di- ⁇ -methylbenzyl-diphenylamine and N-p-butylphenyl-N-p 1 -octylphenylamine, monoalkyldiphenylamines such as mono-t-butyldiphenylamine and monooctyldiphenylamine, bis (dialkylphenyl) amines such as di (2 , 4-diethylphenyl) amine and di (2 -ethyl-4- nonylphenyl) amine, alkylphenyl-1-naphthylamines such as octyl-phenyl-1-naphthylamine and N-t-dode
  • dialkyl sulphides such as didodecyl sulphide and dioctadecyl sulphide
  • thiodipropionate esters such as didodecyl thiodipropionate, dioctadecyl thiodipropionate, dimyristyl thiodipropionate and dodecyloctadecyl thiodipropionate
  • 2- mercaptobenzoimidazole 2- mercaptobenzoimidazole .
  • Phenolic anti-oxidants include 2-t-butylphenol, 2-t- butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-t-butyl-5-methylphenol, 2,4-di-t- butylphenol, 2 , 4-dimethyl-6-t-butylphenol, 2-t-butyl-4- methoxyphenol , 3-t-butyl-4-methoxyphenol, 2,5-di-t- butylhydroxon (Antage DBH, made by Kawaguchi Chemical Industry Co.
  • triarylphosphites such as triphenylphosphite and tricresylphosphite
  • trialkylphosphites such as trioctadecylphosphite and tridecylphosphite
  • tridodecyltrithiophosphite examples of phosphorus -type anti-oxidants.
  • alkyldiothio alkyldiothio-benzoimidazoles such as 2- (octyldithio) - benzoimidazole, 2- (decyldithio) -benzoimidazole and 2-
  • indazole indazole derivatives which are toluindazoles such as 4-alkyl- indazoles and 5-alkyl-indazoles
  • benzothiazole and benzothiazole derivatives which are 2- mercaptobenzothiazole derivatives (Thiolite B-3100, made by Chiyoda Chemical Industries Ltd.)
  • 2-mercaptobenzothiazole derivatives Thiolite B-3100, made by Chiyoda Chemical Industries Ltd.
  • alkykldithio benzothiazoles such as 2- (hexyldithio) benzothiazole and 2-
  • benzooxazole derivates which are 2- (alkyldithio) benzooxazoles such as
  • metal deactivators may be used, in respect of 100 parts by weight of the base oil, singly or in combinations of several, within the range of from 0.01 to 0.5 parts by weight.
  • phosphorus compounds In order to impart anti-wear properties and extreme- pressure properties to the lubricating oil composition of this invention, it is possible to add phosphorus compounds .
  • phosphorus compounds suitable for this invention mention may be made of phosphate esters, acidic phosphate esters, amine salts of acidic phosphate esters, chlorinated phosphate esters, phosphite esters, phosphorothionates, zinc dithiophosphates, esters of dithiophosphates and alkanols or polyether-type alcohols or derivatives thereof, phosphorus-containing carboxylic acids and phosphorus-containing carboxylic acid esters.
  • These phosphorus compounds may be used, in respect of 100 parts by weight of the base oil, singly or in combinations of several, within the range of from 0.01 to 2 parts by weight.
  • tributyl phosphate tripentyl phosphate, trihexyl phosphate, triheptyl phosphate, trioctyl phosphate, trinonyl phosphate, tridecyl phosphate, triundecyl phosphate, tridodecyl phosphate, tritridecyl phosphate, tritetradecyl phosphate, tripentadecyl phosphate, trihexadecyl phosphate, triheptadecyl phosphate, trioctadecyl phosphate, trioleyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, tri(iso- propylphenyl) phosphate, triallyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphpate, trixylenyl phosphate, cresyldiphenyl phosphate and xylenyldipheny
  • acidic phosphate esters mention may be made of monobutyl acid phosphate, monopentyl acid phosphate, monohexyl acid phosphate, monoheptyl acid phosphate, monononyl acid phosphate, monodecyl acid phosphate, monoundecyl acid phosphate, monododecyl acid phosphate, monotridecyl acid phosphate, monotetradecyl acid phosphate, monopentadecyl acid phosphate, monohexadecyl acid phosphate, monoheptadecyl acid phosphate, monooctadecyl acid phosphate, monooleyl acid phosphate, dibutyl acid phosphate, dipentyl acid phosphate, dihexyl acid phosphate, diheptyl acid phosphate, dioctyl acid phosphate, dinonyl acid phosphate, didecyl acid
  • amine salts of acidic phosphate esters mention may be made of the methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, butylamine, pentylamine, hexylamine, heptylamine, octylamine, dimethylamine, diethylamine, dipropylamine, dibutylamine, dipentylamine, dihexylamine, diheptylamine, dioctylamine, trimethylamine, triethylamine, tripropylamine, tributylamine, tripentylamine, trihexylamine, triheptylamine and trioctylamine salts of the previously mentioned acid phosphate esters.
  • phosphite esters mention may be made of dibutyl phosphite, dipentyl phosphite, dihexyl phosphite, diheptyl phosphite, dioctyl phosphite, dinonyl phosphite, didecyl phosphite, diundecyl phosphite, dioleyl phosphite, diphenyl phosphite, dicresyl phosphite, tributyl phosphite, tripentyl phosphite, trihexyl phosphite, triheptyl phosphite, trioctyl phosphite, trinonyl phosphite, tridecyl phosphite, triundecyl phosphite, trioleyl pho
  • tributyl phosphorothionate tripentyl phosphorothionate, trihexyl phosphorothionate, triheptyl phosphorothionate, trioctyl phosphorothionate, trinonyl phosphorothionate, tridecyl phosphorothionate, triundecyl phosphorothionate, tridodecyl phosphorothionate, tritridecyl phosphorothionate, tritetradecyl phosphorothionate, tripentadecyl phosphorothionate, trihexadecyl phosphorothionate, triheptadecyl phosphorothionate, trioctadecyl phosphorothionate, trioleyl phosphorothionate, triphenyl phosphorothionate, tricresyl phosphorothionate,
  • zinc dialkyly dithiophosphates As examples of the above-mentioned zinc dithiophosphates, mention may be made in general of zinc dialkyly dithiophosphates, zinc diaryl dithiophosphates and zinc arylaklyl dithiophosphates.
  • zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates where the alkyl groups of the zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates have primary or secondary alkyl groups of from 3 to 22 carbons or alkylaryl groups substituted with alkyl groups of from 3 to 18 carbons may be used.
  • dialkyl dithiophosphates mention may be made of zinc dipropyl dithiophosphate, zinc dibutyl dithiophosphate, zinc dipentyl dithiophosphate, zinc dihexyl dithiophosphate, zinc diisopentyl dithiophosphate, zinc diethylhexyl dithiophosphate, zinc dioctyl dithiophosphate, zinc dinonyl dithiophosphate, zinc didecyl dithiophosphate, zinc didoecyl dithiophosphate, zinc dipropylphenyl dithiophosphate, zinc dipentylphenyl dithiophosphate, zinc dipropylmethylphenyl dithiophosphate, zinc dinonylphenyl dithiophosphate and zinc didodecylphenyl dithiophosphate .
  • pour-point depressants and viscosity-index improvers may also be added to the lubricating oil composition of this invention.
  • viscosity- index improvers mention may be made of non-dispersant type viscosity-index improvers such as polymethacrylates and olefin polymers such as ethylene-propylene copolymers, styrene-diene copolymers, polyisobutylene and polystyrene, and dispersant type viscosity- index improvers where nitrogen-containing monomers have been copolymerised with these.
  • the amount to be added they may be used in the range of from 0.05 to 20 parts by weight in respect of 100 parts by weight of the base oil.
  • pour-point depressants mention may be made of polymethacrylate-type polymers.
  • amount to be added they may be used in the range of from 0.01 to 5 parts by weight in respect of 100 parts by weight of the base oil.
  • defoaming agents may also be added.
  • defoaming agents suitable for this invention mention may be made of organosilicates such as dimethylpolysiloxane, diethylsilicate and fluorosilicone, and non-silicone type defoaming agents such as polyalkylacrylates .
  • organosilicates such as dimethylpolysiloxane, diethylsilicate and fluorosilicone
  • non-silicone type defoaming agents such as polyalkylacrylates .
  • the amount to be added they may be used, singly or in combinations of several, in the range of from 0.0001 to 0.1 parts by weight in respect of 100 parts by weight of the base oil.
  • demulsifiers suitable for this invention mention may be made of those in the known art normally used as additives for lubricating oils. As regards the amount to be added, they may be used in the range of from 0.0005 to 0.5 parts by weight in respect of 100 parts by weight of the base oil. Examples
  • Base Oil 1 A paraffinic mineral oil obtained by appropriate use of a suitable combination of refining processes such as hydrocracking and dewaxing in respect of a lubricating oil fraction obtained by atmospheric distillation of crude oil, and classified as Group II according to the API (American Petroleum Institute) base oil classification.
  • Base Oil 2 A paraffinic mineral oil obtained by appropriate use of a suitable combination of refining processes such as hydrocracking and dewaxing in respect of a lubricating oil fraction obtained by atmospheric distillation of crude oil, and classified as Group III according to the API (American Petroleum Institute) base oil classification.
  • Base Oil 3 A GTL base oil synthesised by the Fischer-Tropsch method, and classified as Group III according to the API (American Petroleum Institute) base oil classification.
  • API American Petroleum Institute
  • Base Oil 3 A GTL base oil synthesised by the Fischer-Tropsch method, and classified as Group III according to the API (American Petroleum Institute) base oil classification.
  • Base Oil 4 A synthetic oil/poly- ⁇ -olefin with the general name PAO6 , and classified as Group IV according to the API (American Petroleum Institute) base oil classification.
  • API American Petroleum Institute
  • Base Oil 4 A synthetic oil/poly- ⁇ -olefin with the general name PAO6 , and classified as Group IV according to the API (American Petroleum Institute) base oil classification.
  • Base Oil 5 A paraffinic mineral oil obtained by appropriate use of a suitable combination of refining processes such as dewaxing in respect of a lubricating oil fraction obtained by atmospheric distillation of crude oil, and classified as Group I according to the API (American Petroleum Institute) base oil classification.
  • Additive Bl Pentaerythritol monooleate
  • Additive B2 Glycerol monooleate
  • Additive C Epoxidised rapeseed oil fatty acid isobutyl ester (2-6)
  • Additive Dl coconut amine (the main constituent being dodecylamine)
  • Friction coefficient is not more than 0.135: 0 (Excellent)
  • Friction coefficient is from 0.136 to 0.145:
  • Friction coefficient 0.146 or more:
  • test oil 300 ml was taken and put in a container installed in a constant- temperature bath. It was agitated at a speed of 1000 turns per minute. When the temperature reached 60 0 C, an iron test specimen was inserted into the oil and 30 ml of artificial sea water was also added. Keeping the temperature at 6O 0 C, agitation was continued for 48 hours . Then the specimen was removed and assessed visually for occurrence of any rust. Rust prevention tests with inclusion of formic acid
  • test oil 300 ml was taken and put in a container installed in a constant- temperature bath. It was agitated at a speed of 1000 turns per minute. When the temperature reached 6O 0 C, an iron test specimen was inserted into the oil and 30 ml of artificial sea water plus 0.1 ml of formic acid were also added. Keeping the temperature at 60 0 C, agitation was continued for 24 hours. Then the specimen was removed and assessed visually for occurrence of any rust.
  • the lubricating oil compositions which used an aspartic acid derivative (Additive A) and a polyhydric alcohol ester (Additive B) together and further had a fatty acid amine (Additive D) added also had an excellent (0) friction coefficient, this being low, and they scored a pass in the rust- prevention tests, no rust occurring in artificial sea water.
  • the lubricating oil compositions of Examples 1 to 10 could thus be confirmed as having brought about a reduction in the friction coefficient and an improvement in rust-preventing properties.
  • the lubricating oil composition shown for Example 11 which used an aspartic acid derivative (Additive A) , a polyhydric alcohol ester (Additive B) and an epoxy compound (Additive C) together, had an excellent (0) friction coefficient, this being low, and it scored a pass in both the rust-prevention tests, no rust occurring in artificial sea water or in the more severe case of artificial sea water with inclusion of formic acid, so that excellent results had evidently been obtained.
  • the lubricating oil compositions of Examples 12 to 16 which used an aspartic acid derivative (Additive A) , a polyhydric alcohol ester (Additive B) , an epoxy compound (Additive C) and a fatty acid amine (Additive D) together added to Base Oils 1 to 4 , also had an excellent (0) friction coefficient, this being low, and scored a pass in both the rust-prevention tests, no rust occurring in artificial sea water or in the more severe case of artificial sea water with inclusion of formic acid, so that excellent friction-coefficient reducing effects and rust-preventing properties had evidently been obtained.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

L'objectif de l'invention est d'obtenir une composition pour une huile lubrifiante qui présente de bonnes propriétés de prévention contre la rouille dans des compositions d'huile lubrifiante, notamment des huiles lubrifiantes industrielles contenant des huiles de base très raffinées, et en particulier des huiles pour machines, des huiles hydrauliques, des huiles pour turbines, des huiles pour compresseurs, des huiles d'engrenage, et des huiles d'articulation, et qui présente également d'excellentes caractéristiques de réduction d'énergie grâce à un coefficient de friction faible. A cet effet, un dérivé d'acide aspartique et un ester d'acide gras d'un alcool polyhydrique sont utilisés en tant qu'additifs dans une huile de base par exemple une huile minérale ou un type d'huile synthétique. Grâce à cela, on obtient une composition d'huile lubrifiante présentant d'excellentes propriétés anti-rouille, un coefficient de friction réduit, et d'excellentes propriétés de réduction d'énergie. Elle convient également à des huiles lubrifiantes industrielles. Grâce à l'ajout d'un composé époxy et d'un amine d'acide gras, on obtient une composition d'huile lubrifiante présentant des propriétés anti-rouille et des propriétés de réduction d'énergie.
PCT/EP2007/059498 2006-09-11 2007-09-11 Composition pour huile lubrifiante Ceased WO2008031808A2 (fr)

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CN105038921A (zh) * 2015-06-26 2015-11-11 吴强 一种轴承润滑油

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US8413745B2 (en) 2009-08-11 2013-04-09 Baker Hughes Incorporated Water-based mud lubricant using fatty acid polyamine salts and fatty acid esters
CN102021051A (zh) * 2009-09-18 2011-04-20 泷住武司 油水燃料的乳化添加剂
CN102127485B (zh) * 2010-01-12 2014-12-31 Nok克鲁勃株式会社 润滑油组合物
JP5943252B2 (ja) * 2012-07-30 2016-07-05 昭和シェル石油株式会社 内燃機関用潤滑油組成物
BR112015011005A2 (pt) 2012-11-16 2017-08-15 Basf Se Composição lubrificante, e, métodos para lubrificar um sistema compreendendo uma vedação de fluoropolímero e para uso de um composto de epóxido
EP2966153B1 (fr) * 2013-03-08 2018-12-05 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd Utilisation d'une composition d'huile lubrifiante
US10689593B2 (en) * 2014-08-15 2020-06-23 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Low viscosity lubricating oil compositions for turbomachines
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CN110079375B (zh) * 2019-04-15 2022-10-18 北京雅士科莱恩石油化工有限公司 一种螺杆压缩机油及其制备方法

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CN105038921A (zh) * 2015-06-26 2015-11-11 吴强 一种轴承润滑油
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CN105038921B (zh) * 2015-06-26 2017-07-04 壁虎科技发展有限公司 一种轴承润滑油

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US20090318320A1 (en) 2009-12-24

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