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WO2008031632A1 - Émetteur haute fréquence et procédé d'exploitation correspondant - Google Patents

Émetteur haute fréquence et procédé d'exploitation correspondant Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2008031632A1
WO2008031632A1 PCT/EP2007/008299 EP2007008299W WO2008031632A1 WO 2008031632 A1 WO2008031632 A1 WO 2008031632A1 EP 2007008299 W EP2007008299 W EP 2007008299W WO 2008031632 A1 WO2008031632 A1 WO 2008031632A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
frequency transmitter
transmitter
frequency
transmitter according
receiver circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2007/008299
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Niedermayer
Robert Hahn
Stephan Guttowski
Rolf Thomasius
Haiko Morgenstern
Kai Schrank
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Technische Universitaet Berlin
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Technische Universitaet Berlin
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Technische Universitaet Berlin, Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV filed Critical Technische Universitaet Berlin
Priority to DE112007002159T priority Critical patent/DE112007002159A5/de
Publication of WO2008031632A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008031632A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/02—Transmitters
    • H04B1/04—Circuits

Definitions

  • Radio frequency transmitter and method for its operation
  • the present invention relates to high-frequency transmitters, which are preferably designed as wireless energy self-sufficient systems and have digital circuits for data processing and flow control.
  • the present invention has the object to provide a high-frequency transmitter, which can be operated as a self-sufficient energy system even in long-term operation and still operates with a relatively small size with relatively high transmission power.
  • the high-frequency transmitter contains an energy converter for supplying energy to the high-frequency transmitter, a logic module connected to a receiver circuit for sequential control of the high-frequency transmitter, and a high-frequency transmission stage for radio communication.
  • the energy converter is at least partially formed for non-electrical control signals or signals as input element for generating electrical input signals for the receiver circuit.
  • non-electrical signals or input signals can be used (that is, for example, light, mechanical vibration / vibration, sound, temperature changes, etc.). These effects are then used in the corresponding energy converter of the energy supply, also the non-electrical signals are also used as a source of information. For this purpose, a further processing to an electrical
  • the activation or adjustment of system parameters supported by the energy converter can reduce the power consumption.
  • the transmitted signals can also serve for wireless charging, so that the extended configuration functionality does not have to be included in the energy budget (ie, the signal sequences of the input signal used for the control can even be used for energy in the energy converter).
  • This enables extremely low-power systems with a particularly long service life or with a smaller energy storage unit or a smaller energy converter.
  • a lower weight or a higher mechanical robustness is achieved. This allows safe operation in harsh environments with high accelerations.
  • several different precautions are preferably to be taken.
  • the receiver circuit evaluates a specific sequence of current or voltage levels
  • the signal to be received with the energy converter in the sense of a high selectivity compared to the typical environmental parameters is preferably suitably adapted.
  • this may mean covering a small area with optical films or with an optical coating in order to allow only a certain spectrum as a signal for activation or configuration.
  • a specific cutout can increase the sensitivity of certain harmonics, which then trigger activation or configuration.
  • the energy converter converts the signals to be received as current or voltage amplitudes.
  • simple modulation schemes and decoding methods are used to implement the evaluation circuit, so that, for example, threshold value detectors in conjunction with delay elements achieve a particularly high-performance decoding of specific instruction sequences.
  • Another aspect of the invention is a method for operating the high-frequency transmitter according to the invention, wherein the sequence control of the high-frequency transmitter by special pulse sequences in the form of light pulses, vibrations and / or temperature changes can be influenced.
  • the radio power of the high-frequency transmitter is between 1 and 100 milliwatts, preferably between 1 and 10 milliwatts.
  • the total volume of the high-frequency transmitter is preferably less than 1 cubic centimeter, more preferably less than 100 cubic millimeters, and most preferably less than 64 cubic millimeters.
  • the comparatively high transmission power in such a small volume is achieved primarily by the synergy of the energy converter, which is also designed as an input element for generating input signals for the receiver circuit and is also designed to generate energy.
  • the energy converter which is also designed as an input element for generating input signals for the receiver circuit and is also designed to generate energy.
  • Radio frequency transmitter is preferably operated in interval mode, i. that periodically or on request, the high-frequency transmission stage comes into action.
  • the high-frequency transmission stage can determine specific measured values of a sensor for detecting
  • data determined by the sensors can also be intermediately stored in a data memory, wherein the data memory is connected to the logic module of the
  • Radio frequency transmitter is connected.
  • the receiver circuit may be provided with a so-called "wake-up circuit 11. This makes it possible that strong radio signals are sent on request and In other stand-by mode, the radio-frequency transmitter can be operated with a very low power consumption, which is, for example, more than covered by the energy converter during operation.
  • the evaluation circuit can be realized for example in a simple manner with a threshold detection in conjunction with delay elements.
  • the high-frequency transmitter can be designed in different ways or with different complexity. Required is at least one radio frequency transmission stage for radio communication. In a further embodiment, however, it is also possible to provide a high-frequency receiver stage. This is useful, for example, if larger control sequences are to be sent to the high-frequency transmitter (of course only after activation by a specific pulse sequence, which was sent to the energy converter). Such a high-frequency receiver stage can also be useful for "forwarding" certain signals in a network.
  • the radio-frequency transmitter usually has a radio-transmission circuit which is provided with a micro-antenna for transmitting and receiving radio signals.
  • the high-frequency transmitter will usually have a preferably electrochemical energy store, wherein the energy store is at least indirectly connected to the energy converter.
  • the energy converter preferably contains photoelectric elements for evaluating light pulses by the receiver circuit. These photoelectric elements can be formed, for example, as a solar cell, which is preferably partially covered with an optoelectronic element. see coating and / or foil is occupied (such a coating or foil serves primarily to improve the selectivity by filtering certain wavelengths).
  • Another advantage of using solar cells is that they can be mounted on the outside of the high-frequency transmitter (the high-frequency transmitter is preferably approximately cube-shaped) and here also serve for the vertical contacting of the individual modules.
  • the material of the solar cells (such as amorphous silicon gallium arsenide, cadmium telluride) is deposited in the vapor phase on carrier material.
  • a layer thickness of 1 to 10 micrometers makes sense here.
  • a device area is used of semiconductor material (from a microchip or ceramic substrate, such as a sensor or quartz) on which the solar cells are directly deposited.
  • solar cell is applied as a flexible film.
  • solar cells are applied to film material such as polyimide (PI), benzocyclobutene (BCB) with a thickness of, for example, 50 micrometers and further processed as a flexible component.
  • film material such as polyimide (PI), benzocyclobutene (BCB) with a thickness of, for example, 50 micrometers and further processed as a flexible component.
  • the solar cell is provided as a flexible film with "printed circuit board functionality".
  • This film substrate can also Ladder cables for vertical contacting of individual modules of the example cube-shaped high-frequency transmitter contained.
  • a piezoelectric element for evaluating vibration sequences can be provided by the receiver circuit.
  • the piezoelectric element can, for example, also have cutouts for detecting specific harmonics of the piezoelectric element in order to increase the selectivity of the signal sequences which, for example, are to activate a specific sequence of the high-frequency transmitter.
  • a further advantageous embodiment provides that the energy converter identifies at least one electromagnetic element for evaluating electromagnetic pulses.
  • thermoelectric element for the evaluation of temperature changes by the receiver circuit.
  • an activation of these otherwise inert components but for example by means of applied "freeze spray” (for example, starting from liquid nitrogen) readily possible.
  • the receiver circuit of the high-frequency transmitter can be designed such that system functions can be triggered and / or synchronized by the logic module due to specific input signals or that the receiver circuit of the high-frequency transmitter is configured in such a way that that the input signals can cause a change of system parameters.
  • the high-frequency transmitter or a plurality of high-frequency transmitters can be programmed by certain pulse sequences, which are recorded by the energy converter, wirelessly.
  • the present invention does not relate to RFID technology, the typical feature of which is to use electromagnetic waves (electrical signals) from a base station as an energy source as well as for communication.
  • the energy converter referred to here converts non-electrical energy (in the form of sound, vibrations, temperature changes or light) into electrical energy or non-electrical environment signals for the receiver circuit into electrical signals.
  • Favorable here is the energy self-sufficient and small concept, so that sizes of less than 1 cm 3 are easy to produce.
  • the "wake-up circuit" according to the invention is hardly relevant for use in transponders, but important for the functionality of radio sensor nodes in the context of the present invention.
  • the invention relates to energy converters for
  • Energy supply from high-frequency transmitters whereby the energy converters can not convert electrical energy from the environment into electrical energy (however, an additional rather energy converter, for example, an electromagnetic table energy or electrical energy immediately provides).
  • the energy converter may, for example, have photoelectric elements in order to convert light energy into electrical energy and at the same time in conjunction with the receiver circuit and the logic module to be able to evaluate light pulses for controlling the radio transmitter. It is also advantageous that the energy converter has piezoelectric, electrostatic or electromagnetic elements in order to convert vibrations into electrical energy and, at the same time, in conjunction with the receiver circuit and logic module, to be able to evaluate vibrations in specific sequences and frequencies for controlling the radio transmitter.
  • thermoelectric elements in order to convert heat differences into electrical energy and at the same time, in conjunction with the receiver circuit and the logic module, to be able to evaluate temperature changes in a certain range and duration for controlling the radio transmitter.
  • the radio-frequency transmitter has a data memory which is connected to the logic module and / or contains one or more sensors for detecting environmental conditions whose measurement results can be transmitted by the radio-frequency transmitter and / or which has a radio-frequency receiver stage which is temporary can process larger amounts of data and allows operation in wireless networks. It is also important for the method according to the invention that the non-electrical signals in the form of light pulses, vibrations, sound and / or temperature changes from an external device
  • the radio frequency transmitter can be controlled specifically.
  • this targeted control is of course not meant that is disturbed by very strong vibrations of the functional sequence of the high-frequency transmitter so that this is considered changed, but it is hereby a targeted control (for example, an increased transmission or switching to a sleep mode) sought .
  • the non-electrical signals from the external device can be used to switch the radio-frequency transmitter from a power-saving mode into a specific operating mode, to trigger a synchronization of the radio-frequency transmitter or to allow a configuration of the operating modes of the radio-frequency transmitter.
  • Figure 1 The general structure of the energy self-sufficient system with energy converter and integrated activation or configuration functionality
  • FIG. 1 shows the general structure of the energy self-sufficient system with energy converter and integrated activation or configuration functionality.
  • the energy converter shown on the left side which can be embodied, for example, as a solar cell, converts ambient energy in the form of light into electrical energy both in a photovoltaic manner.
  • corresponding activation or configuration signals in the form of a specific sequence of light flashes can be picked up by the energy converter and of course also contribute to the energy balance.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of a high-frequency transmitter according to the invention.
  • the high-frequency transmitter 1 has an energy converter 2, which shows photoelectric elements for the evaluation of light pulses by the receiver circuit.
  • the photoelectric element is in this case formed as a solar cell (or as a 6 ⁇ 3 array of solar cells).
  • One of these single cells is preferably with an optical coating and / or a film, the filtering of the light achieved thereby increases the selectivity between the input signal to be detected (an intended sequence of light pulses) and the usual light which extends over the entire surface of the solar cells
  • the energy converter 2 is connected on the one hand to the energy store 7 and also to a logic subassembly 3.
  • the logic board 3 is connected to a receiver circuit.
  • This receiver circuit evaluates the input from the energy converter 2 input signal.
  • the receiver circuit in this case has a "wake-up circuit". This ensures that in "idle mode"("stand-bymode") a minimum energy consumption of the high-frequency transmitter is given or that it runs fully self-sufficient energy. After activation, for example, by a predetermined sequence of light pulses, the receiver circuit is "woken up" and the radio frequency transmitter is fully operational.
  • the receiver circuit of the high-frequency transmitter can be configured such that, due to specific input signals, system function can be triggered and / or synchronized by the logic module or the input signals can cause a change of system parameters of the high-frequency transmitter.
  • the logic module 3 is in turn connected to a temperature sensor 8, which measures the ambient temperature.
  • the read signals of the temperature sensor are stored on demand via a data memory 4 also connected to the logic module.
  • measured temperature values of the temperature sensor 8 can be transmitted via a radio transmission circuit 5, which belongs to the logic module 3 and transmitted via a microantenna 6, a corresponding quartz 9 is on the surface of the essential cube-shaped high-frequency transmitter to the left of the buffer capacitor 10, which is in communication with the energy storage given.
  • the illustrated high-frequency transmitter 1 which can take other forms, for example, in the present case has a total volume of about 64 cubic millimeters, the radio power of the high-frequency transmitter is about 5 milliwatts.
  • the high-frequency transmitter shown in FIG. 2 thus contains a high-frequency transmitter 1: an energy converter 2 for supplying energy to the high-frequency transmitter, a logic module 3 connected to a receiver circuit for sequencing the high-frequency transmitter, and a high-frequency transmission stage for radio communication, wherein the energy converter 2 is at least partially formed as an input element for generating input signals for the receiver circuit.
  • This high-frequency transmitter can be operated so that the sequence control of the high-frequency transmitter can be influenced by special pulse sequences in the form of light pulses.
  • a main application of the high-frequency transmitter shown in FIG. 2 is, for example, the temperature measurement or the measurement of a temperature field with a plurality of such high-frequency transmitters.
  • corresponding high-frequency transmitters are mounted, for example, on an engine test bench on an engine block.
  • the change in the temperature field over time should be determined. This is done by targeting the temperature at different times.
  • the activation of the radio frequency transmitter for the desired measured values are obtained by generating a predetermined sequence of light flashes within the space in which the test stand is constructed. This results in a simultaneous reading of the corresponding signals from the temperature sensor 8 or the data memory 4, which are then forwarded via a radio transmission circuit 5 and the micro-antenna 6 to a receiving station.
  • Cabling which may also be susceptible to heat or build up a disturbing electric field, have become dispensable.
  • the transmission of the measuring signals is carried out by the micro-antenna 6, the energy requirement is covered by the energy converter 2 (solar cells), so that no cables are necessary.
  • Another area in which high-frequency transmitters according to the invention are applicable is, for example, the tire pressure measurement.
  • the same components are used as described above, but instead of an energy converter 2 in the form of solar cells preferably a piezoelectric element, which gains energy through vibration applied.
  • an air pressure measuring sensor is provided. This ensures that, on the one hand, there is continuous charging of the energy store 7 due to the inevitably occurring vibrations during rotation of the tire in a motor vehicle.
  • a special vibration sequence is additionally exerted on the piezoelectric element by a control unit of the motor vehicle, so that it is activated to output the measured value and the Values of the air pressure sensor via the micro-antenna 6 is sent to the control unit of the motor vehicle for checking sufficient air pressure.
  • An improvement in the selectivity of the targeted vibration sequence for activation and "normal" vibrations within the tire operation can be achieved in that the piezoelectric element has special recesses so that it develops additional resonances at certain overshoots. Now, if a corresponding frequency is generated by the control unit of the motor vehicle, a high selectivity can be displayed.
  • this may also contain a high-frequency receiver stage, which also receive additional radio signals after activation of the high-frequency transmitter by a corresponding input signal of the energy converter (in the context of this application is always preferred with radio meant high-frequency electromagnetic radiation).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un émetteur haute fréquence et un procédé permettant de le faire fonctionner. Ledit émetteur haute fréquence (1) comprend: un convertisseur d'énergie (2) pour alimenter l'émetteur haute fréquence en énergie, un bloc de composants logique (3) relié à un circuit récepteur, pour assurer la commande d'exploitation de l'émetteur haute fréquence, ainsi qu'un étage émetteur haute fréquence pour la radiocommunication. Pour les signaux de commande non électriques, le convertisseur d'énergie (2) se présente au moins par endroits sous forme d'élément d'entrée pour produire des signaux d'entrée électriques pour le circuit récepteur.
PCT/EP2007/008299 2006-09-15 2007-09-14 Émetteur haute fréquence et procédé d'exploitation correspondant Ceased WO2008031632A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE112007002159T DE112007002159A5 (de) 2006-09-15 2007-09-14 Hochfrequenzsender sowie Verfahren zu dessen Betrieb

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006044015.3 2006-09-15
DE200610044015 DE102006044015A1 (de) 2006-09-15 2006-09-15 Hochfrequenzsender sowie Verfahren zu dessen Betrieb

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008031632A1 true WO2008031632A1 (fr) 2008-03-20

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2007/008299 Ceased WO2008031632A1 (fr) 2006-09-15 2007-09-14 Émetteur haute fréquence et procédé d'exploitation correspondant

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (2) DE102006044015A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008031632A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2698609A1 (fr) * 2012-08-13 2014-02-19 Alcatel Lucent Dispositif et procédé de détection sans fil

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19826513A1 (de) * 1998-06-15 1999-12-23 Siemens Ag Automatisierungssystem mit Funksensor
DE10025561A1 (de) * 2000-05-24 2001-12-06 Siemens Ag Energieautarker Hochfrequenzsender
DE10150128A1 (de) * 2001-10-11 2003-04-30 Enocean Gmbh Drahtloses Sensorsystem
US20050182927A1 (en) * 2004-02-13 2005-08-18 Tri-D Systems, Inc. Multi-function solar cell in authentication token

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10158442B4 (de) * 2001-12-01 2004-11-25 Atmel Germany Gmbh Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung für eine kontaktlose Datenübertragung
DE102004018555B4 (de) * 2004-03-25 2007-10-11 Atmel Germany Gmbh Verfahren zur Datenkommunikation zwischen einer Basisstation und einem Transponder, Basisstation zur Datenkommunikation sowie Datenkommunikationssystem
DE102004062364A1 (de) * 2004-12-13 2006-06-14 Atmel Germany Gmbh Verfahren zur drahtlosen Datenübertragung

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19826513A1 (de) * 1998-06-15 1999-12-23 Siemens Ag Automatisierungssystem mit Funksensor
DE10025561A1 (de) * 2000-05-24 2001-12-06 Siemens Ag Energieautarker Hochfrequenzsender
DE10150128A1 (de) * 2001-10-11 2003-04-30 Enocean Gmbh Drahtloses Sensorsystem
US20050182927A1 (en) * 2004-02-13 2005-08-18 Tri-D Systems, Inc. Multi-function solar cell in authentication token

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2698609A1 (fr) * 2012-08-13 2014-02-19 Alcatel Lucent Dispositif et procédé de détection sans fil
WO2014026755A3 (fr) * 2012-08-13 2014-04-24 Alcatel Lucent Procédé et dispositif de détection sans fil
US20150222964A1 (en) * 2012-08-13 2015-08-06 Alcatel Lucent Wireless sensing device and method
CN104870944A (zh) * 2012-08-13 2015-08-26 阿尔卡特朗讯 无线感测装置及方法
CN110057436A (zh) * 2012-08-13 2019-07-26 阿尔卡特朗讯 无线感测装置及方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102006044015A1 (de) 2008-03-27
DE112007002159A5 (de) 2009-07-09

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