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WO2008016690A2 - Tissus ayant des structures de tricot présentant des propriétés auxétiques et vêtements formés à partir de ceux-ci - Google Patents

Tissus ayant des structures de tricot présentant des propriétés auxétiques et vêtements formés à partir de ceux-ci Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2008016690A2
WO2008016690A2 PCT/US2007/017278 US2007017278W WO2008016690A2 WO 2008016690 A2 WO2008016690 A2 WO 2008016690A2 US 2007017278 W US2007017278 W US 2007017278W WO 2008016690 A2 WO2008016690 A2 WO 2008016690A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fabric
auxetic
garment
knit structure
portions
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2007/017278
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2008016690A3 (fr
Inventor
Michael Starbuck
Cander Anad Subhash
Naveen Ravirala
Kim Lesley Alderson
Andrew Alderson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HBI Branded Apparel Enterprises LLC
Original Assignee
HBI Branded Apparel Enterprises LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by HBI Branded Apparel Enterprises LLC filed Critical HBI Branded Apparel Enterprises LLC
Publication of WO2008016690A2 publication Critical patent/WO2008016690A2/fr
Publication of WO2008016690A3 publication Critical patent/WO2008016690A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B21/06—Patterned fabrics or articles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B23/00—Uppers; Boot legs; Stiffeners; Other single parts of footwear
    • A43B23/02—Uppers; Boot legs
    • A43B23/0205—Uppers; Boot legs characterised by the material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B23/00—Uppers; Boot legs; Stiffeners; Other single parts of footwear
    • A43B23/02—Uppers; Boot legs
    • A43B23/0245—Uppers; Boot legs characterised by the constructive form

Definitions

  • the present disclosure is related to knit structures for fabrics. More particularly, the present disclosure is related to fabrics having knit structures that exhibit auxetic properties and garments formed thereby.
  • Such garments can often include one or more support and/or shaping areas.
  • the shaping and/or supporting functions of such garments have been achieved using various combinations of elastic members, foam members, support structures, such as underwires, and the like.
  • a fabric comprising a knit structure having a geometric shape imparting an auxetic property to the fabric due to rotation of one or more portions of the knit structure.
  • a fabric comprising a knit structure having a triangular lattice shape that imparts an auxetic property to the fabric.
  • a garment comprising a fabric having a knit structure that imparts an auxetic property to the fabric due to rotation of one or more portions of the knit structure.
  • a garment comprising a fabric with a triangular lattice knit structure that imparts an auxetic property to the fabric.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates materials having positive and negative Poisson's ratios under out-of-plane bending
  • FIG. 2 illustrates materials having positive and negative Poisson's ratios under in-plane tension
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a typical warp knit fabric
  • FIG. 4 is a micrograph of a first embodiment of a fabric according to the present disclosure in a relaxed or normal state;
  • FIG. 5 is a close up micrograph of a portion of the fabric of FIG. 4 having the approximate geometric knit structure of a single repeat unit superimposed thereon;
  • FIG. 6A illustrates the approximate geometric structure of the single repeat unit of FIG. 5 in the relaxed state
  • FIG. 6B illustrates the approximate geometric structure of the single repeat unit of FIG. 5 in the deformed state
  • FIG. 7A illustrates a tessellating pattern of the repeat unit of 6A
  • FIG 7B illustrates a tessellating pattern of the repeat unit of 6B
  • FIG. 8 is a graph plotting changes in width and length of the fabric of FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 9 is a graph plotting transverse strain data to longitudinal strain data of the.fabric of FIG. 4.
  • materials in 'plate' form generally adopt a saddle- shape curvature when exposed to out of plane bending as a result of the positive Poisson's ratio.
  • materials having a positive Poisson's ratio when exposed to in-plane forces, namely when placed in tension in the y- direction, contract in a direction transverse (e.g., the x-direction) to the direction of the tensile load. It has been determined by the present disclosure that fabrics exhibiting the aforementioned properties (e.g., saddle curvature and positive Poisson's contraction) can, when used to form a garment, reduce the fit of the garment.
  • the present disclosure provides fabrics having knit structures that exhibit auxetic properties.
  • Materials having "auxetic" properties are those materials that have a zero or negative Poisson's ratio.
  • An example of a material have a negative Poisson's ratio is discussed in detail with respect to FIGS 1B and 2B.
  • materials having auxetic properties when subject to out of plane bending, undergo dome-shape curvature.
  • a relatively stiff garment having the auxetic knit structures of the present disclosure when exposed to out-of-plane forces due to body movements, retains a better fit to the body as compared to those having the positive Poisson's ratio as in FIG. 1A.
  • the present disclosure provides fabrics having a knit structure such that, when the used in a garment, naturally adopts to the doubly-curved human form yet also have the ability to grow or shrink in all directions simultaneously.
  • auxetic behavior is believed to arise due to the interplay between the geometric structure of the material and one or more mechanisms with which the geometrical structure deforms.
  • the geometric structure is a re-entrant honeycomb and the mechanism with which this structure deforms is rotation or hinging of the walls or ribs of the honeycomb.
  • the table below provides a summary of the main structures and deformation mechanisms that are believed to give rise to auxetic behavior contemplated for use in knit structures by the present disclosure.
  • fabrics having knit structures according to the present disclosure are described as warp knit fabrics.
  • the fabrics of the present disclosure can be any knit fabric such as, but not limited to, weft knit fabrics.
  • Typical warp knit fabric as illustrated in FIG. 3, has a series of courses and a series of wales. Each course is a row of loops or stitches running across the width of the knit fabric as shown in FIG. 3A. Each wale is a column of loops or stitches running along the length (e.g., warp direction) of the knit fabric as shown in FIG. 3B.
  • Knit structure 12 includes loops or stitches to form a triangular lattice structure 14 (only one illustrated).
  • triangular lattice structures are believed to exhibit auxetic properties via both the rib rotation and deformation mechanisms. Specifically, triangular lattice structures are believed to exhibit auxetic properties via rib hinging, rib flexure, rib stretching, and any combinations thereof.
  • Triangular lattice structure 14 has an internal angle ⁇ and an external angle ⁇ . Internal angle ⁇ is the angle between a centerline 16 and a side 18, while external angle ⁇ is the angle between the centerline and an end 20.
  • external angle ⁇ is between greater than about zero degrees and less than about ninety degrees.
  • first direction 22 as shown in FIGS. 6B and 7B
  • the ends 20 of triangular lattice structure 14 hinge so that external angle ⁇ increases but remains less than about 90 degrees.
  • triangular lattice structure 14 deforms by hinging to expand in a second direction 24, where the second direction is about normal to the first direction 22.
  • Triangular lattice structure 14 is illustrated in FlG. 7 in tessellated form, namely formed into a mosaic with a plurality of the triangular lattice structures 14.
  • Triangular lattice structure 14 in FIG. 7B having a deformed cell structure due to the application of tension 22 has undergone expansion both along the direction of the applied tension (e.g., first direction 22) and transverse to the direction of the applied tension (e.g., second direction 24) with respect to the relaxed tessellated structure in FIG. 7A.
  • triangular lattice structure 14 is auxetic when deformation is due to the rotation of the ribs 18, 20 making up the structure.
  • triangular lattice structure 14 is oriented so that centerline 16 is approximately normal to the warp direction.
  • auxetic properties of fabric 10 were characterized using combined mechanical testing and vtdeoextensometry.
  • fabric 10 was knitted on a warp knitting machine to include triangular lattice structure 14 and heat set. Fabric 10 was then cut into swaths of about 15 centimeters (cm) long by about 5 cm wide. The swaths were cut at about 45° to the warp direction.
  • FIG. 8 shows the width and length videoextensometry data for the fabric of FIG. 4 when subject to tensile load application along a direction that is at -45° to the warp direction.
  • FIG. 8 shows that, as the fabric is pulled to increase in length, it expands (increases in width) and, therefore, possesses negative Poisson's ratio behavior.
  • ⁇ is the strain
  • I and I 0 are the length and original length, respectively, in the direction of interest.
  • the Poisson's ratio vy which determines the change in width (along the transverse j direction) for stretching along the i direction is defined by:
  • the transverse and longitudinal strains were plotted against each other, with the slope of the resultant graph being, by definition, equal to -Vr 1 , where i is the direction of loading and j is the width direction.
  • the resultant strains were plotted and are shown in FIG. 9.
  • the data in FIG. 8 contain the derived strains for the average of all 10 transverse sections measured during the test.
  • knit fabrics having knit structures according to the present disclosure are provided that display the auxetic (zero or negative Poisson's ratio) property.
  • auxetic knit structure 12 is a triangular lattice structure 14.
  • fabric 10 it is contemplated by the present disclosure for fabric 10 to have auxetic knit structure 12 with any structure sufficient to impart the desired auxetic property.
  • auxetic knit structure 12 it is contemplated by the present disclosure for auxetic knit structure 12 to have a geometric shape that is selected from the group consisting of a re-entrant honeycomb, a star network, a re-entrant rhombic dodecahedron, a triangular lattice, rotating squares, rotating triangles, rotating tetrahedra, a chiral honeycomb, interlocked hexagons, interlocked quadrilaterals, interlocked triangles, and any combinations thereof.
  • auxetic knit structure 12 having any structure sufficient to impart the desired auxetic property by any desired mechanism.
  • auxetic knit structure 12 can exhibit auxetic properties via the rotation mechanism, the deformation mechanism, the translation mechanism, and any combinations thereof.
  • auxetic knit structure 12 can exhibit auxetic properties via rib hinging, flexure, rib stretching, and any combinations thereof.
  • fabric 10 it is contemplated by the present disclosure for fabric 10 to have yarns made of natural fibers, synthetic fibers, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, it is contemplated by the present disclosure fabric 10 to have yarns made of auxetic fibers themselves, such as are disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 6,878,320, the contents of which are incorporated by reference herein. In these embodiments, fabric 10 can exhibit auxetic (zero or negative Poisson's ratio) properties not only based on the knit structure, but also due to the yarn itself.
  • fabrics according to the present disclosure find use in the manufacture of garments such as, but not limited to, a brassiere, a panty, a camisole, a bathing suit, a pair of pantyhose, a leotard, a retention bandage, a support device, a compression bandage, and others.
  • fabric 10 can form a portion of the garment or can be used to form all of the garment.
  • Fabric 10 can form all or part of various apparel garments such as: a moldable part of the garment such as, a bra cup; a figure control garment such as a foundation garment or corset; thermal-wear, where a volume of air can be trapped-i ⁇ by the auxetic fabric property for insulation; and others.
  • fabric 10 can form all or part of various medical garments such as: retention bandages; compression bandages; seamless shaped body garments for wounds suffered due to burns; and others.
  • fabrics according to the present disclosure can be knit on many commercially available circular knitting machines, which knit the fabric into a seamless tube.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un tissu qui comprend une structure de tricot ayant une forme géométrique conférant une propriété auxétique au tissu en raison de la rotation d'une ou de plusieurs parties de la structure de tricot. Sous certains aspects, le tissu comprend une structure de tricot ayant une forme de réseau triangulaire qui confère une propriété auxétique au tissu.
PCT/US2007/017278 2006-08-02 2007-08-02 Tissus ayant des structures de tricot présentant des propriétés auxétiques et vêtements formés à partir de ceux-ci Ceased WO2008016690A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/497,994 2006-08-02
US11/497,994 US20080011021A1 (en) 2006-06-27 2006-08-02 Fabrics having knit structures exhibiting auxetic properties and garments formed thereby

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008016690A2 true WO2008016690A2 (fr) 2008-02-07
WO2008016690A3 WO2008016690A3 (fr) 2008-10-23

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US (1) US20080011021A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2592853A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008016690A2 (fr)

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WO2010125397A1 (fr) * 2009-05-01 2010-11-04 Global Composites Group Tissu tricoté auxétique
CN102729948A (zh) * 2012-07-17 2012-10-17 大连理工大学 一种车用安全带织带
CN104911804A (zh) * 2015-07-06 2015-09-16 江南大学 一种负泊松比二维经编织物及其织造方法
CN106012271A (zh) * 2016-08-03 2016-10-12 江南大学 一种具有负泊松比效应经编间隔织物的制备方法
US9475257B2 (en) 2012-02-28 2016-10-25 The Hong Kong Research Institute Of Textiles And Apparel Limited Three dimensional negative poisson'S ratio spacer knitted fabric and method for making the same
CN109869431A (zh) * 2019-03-25 2019-06-11 长沙理工大学 一种具有负泊松比特性的三维抗冲击材料
CN110524960A (zh) * 2019-08-07 2019-12-03 东华大学 一种非对称性高缓冲柔性功能拉胀复合材料及其制备方法
CN110629375A (zh) * 2019-09-26 2019-12-31 江南大学 一种负泊松比织物及其制备方法
CN110645298A (zh) * 2019-09-17 2020-01-03 吉林大学 一种具有双重保护的双平台填充结构
WO2022006920A1 (fr) * 2020-07-09 2022-01-13 中山大学 Structure tridimensionnelle à cellules multiples ayant un coefficient de poisson réglable et un coefficient de dilatation thermique réglable
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010125397A1 (fr) * 2009-05-01 2010-11-04 Global Composites Group Tissu tricoté auxétique
US9475257B2 (en) 2012-02-28 2016-10-25 The Hong Kong Research Institute Of Textiles And Apparel Limited Three dimensional negative poisson'S ratio spacer knitted fabric and method for making the same
CN102729948A (zh) * 2012-07-17 2012-10-17 大连理工大学 一种车用安全带织带
CN104911804A (zh) * 2015-07-06 2015-09-16 江南大学 一种负泊松比二维经编织物及其织造方法
CN106012271A (zh) * 2016-08-03 2016-10-12 江南大学 一种具有负泊松比效应经编间隔织物的制备方法
CN109869431A (zh) * 2019-03-25 2019-06-11 长沙理工大学 一种具有负泊松比特性的三维抗冲击材料
CN110524960A (zh) * 2019-08-07 2019-12-03 东华大学 一种非对称性高缓冲柔性功能拉胀复合材料及其制备方法
CN110524960B (zh) * 2019-08-07 2021-10-01 东华大学 一种非对称性高缓冲柔性功能拉胀复合材料及其制备方法
CN110645298A (zh) * 2019-09-17 2020-01-03 吉林大学 一种具有双重保护的双平台填充结构
CN110645298B (zh) * 2019-09-17 2020-07-03 吉林大学 一种具有双重保护的双平台填充结构
CN110629375A (zh) * 2019-09-26 2019-12-31 江南大学 一种负泊松比织物及其制备方法
CN118639385A (zh) * 2020-07-01 2024-09-13 阿迪达斯股份公司 拉胀制品
WO2022006920A1 (fr) * 2020-07-09 2022-01-13 中山大学 Structure tridimensionnelle à cellules multiples ayant un coefficient de poisson réglable et un coefficient de dilatation thermique réglable

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