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WO2008012390A1 - Chaudière à énergie solaire - Google Patents

Chaudière à énergie solaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008012390A1
WO2008012390A1 PCT/ES2007/000462 ES2007000462W WO2008012390A1 WO 2008012390 A1 WO2008012390 A1 WO 2008012390A1 ES 2007000462 W ES2007000462 W ES 2007000462W WO 2008012390 A1 WO2008012390 A1 WO 2008012390A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tower
collectors
solar
boiler
fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/ES2007/000462
Other languages
English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
José María MARTÍNEZ-VAL PEÑALOSA
Alberto ABÁNADES VELASCO
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Universidad Politecnica de Madrid
Original Assignee
Universidad Politecnica de Madrid
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Universidad Politecnica de Madrid filed Critical Universidad Politecnica de Madrid
Publication of WO2008012390A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008012390A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
    • F03G6/065—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means having a Rankine cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/006—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method using solar heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/20—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S2023/87—Reflectors layout
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines

Definitions

  • the invention is framed in the field of solar energy utilization in order to heat materials, typically fluids, to very high temperature, possibly with phase change, particularly boiling.
  • the invention falls within the scope of installations based on concentration of sunlight through optical reflection systems, to focus it on a more or less wide area in which the desired heating occurs.
  • the invention is located in systems with one, or several, central towers, in which the heating zones are located, with concentrated sunlight proceeding from the reflection of several conveniently orientable mirrors , which are deployed in what is called the heliostat field.
  • the invention focuses on the geometric and physical arrangement of the absorbing collectors of concentrated sunlight, and therefore also affects, or conditions, the heliostat orientation system along of the diurnal and seasonal evolution of the sun.
  • the entire tower was covered with absorbed tubes of concentrated solar radiation, in such a way that at any moment there was a part of the tower that acted as an active collecting element, and the rest would be useless for that purpose.
  • a major drawback of that invention was that the heating surface was much smaller than the total cooling surface (thermal losses) by convection and radiation from the entire tower lining.
  • the control of the inclination of the heliostats to obtain high concentration values of sunlight can be done by various methods, such as that of the patent PCTYIL96 / 00018, of A. Yogrev and V. Krupkin, in which it seeks to maximize energy concentrated in a small receiver volume, which acts as a true solar oven.
  • This solar oven idea is the common and dominant in all concentration tower configurations, such as those existing in the Almer ⁇ a Solar Platform (CIEMAT, Spain) in the National Solar Thermal Test Facility of the Sandia National Laboratory of Albuquerque (New Mexico, USA), in the Barstow Center (California) belonging to the US DOE, as well as the prototype thermoelectric power plant under construction in Seville (SOLUCAR, Abengoa).
  • CIEMAT Almer ⁇ a Solar Platform
  • Castow Center California
  • the invention is based on using the entire height of a reception tower of sunlight reflected with concentration, so that the illuminated wall of the tower, on which the appropriate collectors are arranged, acts in a manner similar to how a Conventional vertical tube boiler, although in the conventional case the smoke-tube convection has a very important role, and in the case of this invention the thermal load is produced by the incident radiation on the active side of the tower.
  • the tower therefore has an elementary structural mission that is to give mechanical consistency to the structure, and to support the active elements thereof, which are described in more detail in subsequent drawings.
  • the fundamental active elements of this invention are the sensors located at the width and height of the tower, within which the fluid to be heated circulates to boiling conditions.
  • the separation boiler of the liquid-vapor phase is located, from which the recirculation of the liquid phase falls, and from which the separated steam emerges above.
  • the specific aspect of this invention is that a solar superheat receiver is available in the upper part of the tower, until it is finished, so that a totally dry and superheated steam is reached, with the advantage that this reports from the point of view of the thermodynamic cycle in which the energy of said steam has to be exploited.
  • the tower is presented with a flat active facade, it could be circular or with a certain curvature, to accommodate it as efficiently as possible to the reception of the reflected sunlight.
  • a fundamental issue in this invention is that the reflection heliostats of sunlight are not oriented exclusively towards the upper area of the tower where the solar collector (or solar oven) is located in conventional installations, but that the heliostats focus their reflected light towards different heights of the tower, being able to adjust the monitoring control of each heliostat, or group of heliostats, to make the thermal radiation with the necessary intensity at each height influence the tower collector.
  • the tower Given the cross-sectional and height dimensions that the tower can have, there is enough surface to be able to concentrate the sunlight from a given heliostat field, and achieve the best exergy conversion conditions of the initial solar radiation into superheated steam of the working fluid.
  • heating must occur gradually, and depending on the film coefficient of the working fluid inside the tower collectors. This will depend on the thermodynamic conditions that the fluid has at each height.
  • the optimum performance will be achieved by adapting the radiation intensity to the cooling conditions, to effect the transmission of energy in optimal conditions, with a minimum temperature jump. This also avoids mechanical stress problems due to strong thermal gradients.
  • the recirculation of the liquid phase that occurs from the boiler to the foot of the tower through the non-active part of the tower, or inside, allows the flow of fluid that rises through the active part to reach these conditions suitable for the boiling heat transmission, combining good cooling of the solar collector with the generation of the steam flow required for the power sought in the installation.
  • Said recirculation can be modified by means of a recirculation pump at the foot of the recirculation column, which will appropriately modify the contribution of the main fluid that comes from the thermodynamic cycle of expansion and condensation of the generated steam.
  • the fluid is driven from the supply line by the pump, 4, which drives it towards the active part of the tower with its collectors, 2. Said drive is complemented with that provided with the recirculation pump, 5, located at the foot of the recirculation drop column or columns 6.
  • control of the conditions in the boiler allows monitoring of power in the demand of the thermodynamic cycle, which however is not the object of the invention, which is limited to providing the steam to be exploited thermodynamically.
  • the columns and pipes of said systems should be conveniently insulated or heat-insulated, as shown in the insulating layer, 12.
  • the tower may have its proper structural foundation, 13, just like heliostats, but this does not specifically pertain to the invention, which focuses on the arrangement of solar panels across the active wall of the tower.
  • Said panels may have a different type of configuration, particularly with regard to the channeling of the ascending fluid, which can go through independent pipes, or in a wide conduit that covers the entire cross section available for the passage of the fluid.
  • FIG. 2 a cross-section of a possible arrangement of the collector of the active part of the tower is shown, in which it would correspond to the structural part, 1, on which the collector assembly, which decomposes into the following elements: an absorbent plate, 2, of low emissivity for the predictable operating temperatures of the installation, and of very high absorbency for the typical wavelengths of solar radiation.
  • the absorbent panel In order to avoid convection cooling of the surrounding air, the absorbent panel would be within a vacuum area limited by a transparent window, 14.
  • the glass of said window would be chosen in its characteristics such that it would be of high transparency for the photons. typical of sunlight, and yet, backscatter the photons characteristic of the radiation emission of the panel, 2, with temperatures characteristic of the application in question (typically hundreds of K or even 1,000 K). This greenhouse effect created within the absorption cell will minimize thermal losses from the active face of the panel.
  • an insulator, 15, will be available that will minimize the passage of heat from the fluid channel, 7, to the tower and its components.
  • a matter of particular relevance in the active part of the panel, 2 is the accommodation of the expansions that may suffer between the mounting temperature or ambient temperature and the operating temperatures, including the possible overpower conditions that are anticipated.
  • the collector of said active part will have to settle on the lateral surface of the tower or on the insulator, 15, so that dilations can be allowed, and for this the flat part must be coupled to a semi-circumferential strap, 16 , with turning point to be welded both to the collector at one end and to the surface of the tower or to the insulator, at the other end.
  • the active manifold, 2 is composed of a set of tubes joined together by an absorbent plate, of features similar to those of the tubes, all embedded in the interior of the absorbent cell, confined between the transparent window, 14, and the rear insulating wall, 15.
  • the active manifold, 2 is composed of a set of tubes joined together by an absorbent plate, of features similar to those of the tubes, all embedded in the interior of the absorbent cell, confined between the transparent window, 14, and the rear insulating wall, 15.
  • the invention can be materialized on various types of tower, and for a wide variety of heliostat fields, since the requirements imposed on their control for solar tracking would be absolutely ordinary.
  • the specific aspect of the invention would be the arrangement of the panels across the width and height of the concentration tower, in such a way that during the ascent of the working fluid through the interior of the solar collectors the partial boiling of the same took place.
  • conventional materials such as copper, aluminum or steel can be used, although the decreasing thermal conductivity in the indicated materials must be taken into account. In this sense it is essential to have a coating specific, which can also be ordinary in the current solar industry, with high absorbency for sunlight, and low emisivity for thermal radiation of the panels (corresponding to the operating temperature, several hundred K, and even 1,000 K) .
  • the assembly would be on the active wall of the tower, injecting the ascending fluid into the boiler, which would be mounted as a floating head on the ascending duct of the working fluid.
  • the invention could therefore be implemented in any of the existing towers with heliostat fields, however, requiring their refocusing to aim with the rays reflected at the appropriate height of the tower in each case, adapting the power density incident in each sector of the collecting tower, in order to maximize the exergy performance in steam production and in its reheating, for which an adequate sectorial direction of the heliostat field would have to be carried out.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une chaudière à énergie solaire qui consiste à placer des collecteurs d'absorption de lumière solaire réfléchie concentrée, sur toute la hauteur et la largeur d'une tour centrale dans un champ d'héliostats, de manière que ces collecteurs occupent la majeure partie de la façade active de la tour, avec pour objectif de produire de manière efficace et avec le moins de pertes exergétiques possible, l'ébullition du fluide thermodynamique qui circule à l'intérieur des panneaux, produisant de la vapeur surchauffée à la sortie de la tour, dont l'ensemble de tuyauteries inclut la recirculation de la phase liquide du fluide.
PCT/ES2007/000462 2006-07-28 2007-07-26 Chaudière à énergie solaire Ceased WO2008012390A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ESP200602052 2006-07-28
ES200602052A ES2272194A1 (es) 2006-08-28 2006-08-28 Caldera de energia solar.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008012390A1 true WO2008012390A1 (fr) 2008-01-31

Family

ID=38325003

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/ES2007/000462 Ceased WO2008012390A1 (fr) 2006-07-28 2007-07-26 Chaudière à énergie solaire

Country Status (2)

Country Link
ES (1) ES2272194A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008012390A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009129167A3 (fr) * 2008-04-16 2010-06-24 Alstom Technology Ltd Générateur de vapeur solaire
EP2218978A1 (fr) 2009-02-17 2010-08-18 Cockerill Maintenance & Ingéniérie Echangeur de chaleur en drapeau.
WO2012052588A1 (fr) 2010-10-20 2012-04-26 Abengoa Solar New Technologies, S.A. Configuration de récepteur de tour pour hautes tensions
WO2013004869A1 (fr) 2011-07-05 2013-01-10 Abengoa Solar New Technologies, S. A. Récepteur pour une installation thermosolaire et installation thermosolaire comprenant un tel récepteur
US11560449B2 (en) 2005-04-22 2023-01-24 Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation Biomass-resource-derived polyester and production process thereof

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8893714B2 (en) * 2009-02-12 2014-11-25 Babcock Power Services, Inc. Expansion joints for panels in solar boilers

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4136674A (en) * 1977-07-28 1979-01-30 A. L. Korr Associates, Inc. System for solar radiation energy collection and conversion
US4245618A (en) * 1978-10-10 1981-01-20 The Babcock & Wilcox Co. Vapor generator
EP1066688A1 (fr) * 1998-12-31 2001-01-10 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Decodeur a commande de gain dans un systeme de communications mobiles
DE10248064A1 (de) * 2002-10-11 2004-04-22 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Solar-Receivervorrichtung und Verfahren zur solarthermischen Erhitzung eines Wärmeaufnahmemediums
ES2222838A1 (es) * 2002-08-29 2005-02-01 Deutsches Zentrum Fuer Luft-Und Raumfahrt E.V. Receptor de radiacion solar para central termica solar.

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4485803A (en) * 1982-10-14 1984-12-04 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Solar receiver with interspersed panels

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4136674A (en) * 1977-07-28 1979-01-30 A. L. Korr Associates, Inc. System for solar radiation energy collection and conversion
US4245618A (en) * 1978-10-10 1981-01-20 The Babcock & Wilcox Co. Vapor generator
EP1066688A1 (fr) * 1998-12-31 2001-01-10 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Decodeur a commande de gain dans un systeme de communications mobiles
ES2222838A1 (es) * 2002-08-29 2005-02-01 Deutsches Zentrum Fuer Luft-Und Raumfahrt E.V. Receptor de radiacion solar para central termica solar.
DE10248064A1 (de) * 2002-10-11 2004-04-22 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Solar-Receivervorrichtung und Verfahren zur solarthermischen Erhitzung eines Wärmeaufnahmemediums

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11560449B2 (en) 2005-04-22 2023-01-24 Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation Biomass-resource-derived polyester and production process thereof
WO2009129167A3 (fr) * 2008-04-16 2010-06-24 Alstom Technology Ltd Générateur de vapeur solaire
CN102046969A (zh) * 2008-04-16 2011-05-04 阿尔斯托姆科技有限公司 太阳能蒸汽发生器
US8607567B2 (en) 2008-04-16 2013-12-17 Alstom Technology Ltd Solar steam generator
EP2218978A1 (fr) 2009-02-17 2010-08-18 Cockerill Maintenance & Ingéniérie Echangeur de chaleur en drapeau.
WO2010094618A1 (fr) 2009-02-17 2010-08-26 Cockerill Maintenance & Ingenierie Échangeur de chaleur en drapeau
WO2012052588A1 (fr) 2010-10-20 2012-04-26 Abengoa Solar New Technologies, S.A. Configuration de récepteur de tour pour hautes tensions
WO2013004869A1 (fr) 2011-07-05 2013-01-10 Abengoa Solar New Technologies, S. A. Récepteur pour une installation thermosolaire et installation thermosolaire comprenant un tel récepteur

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2272194A1 (es) 2007-04-16

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