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WO2008010711A1 - Système et procédé permettant d'effectuer des mesures sur une paroi d'une canalisation à l'aide d'au moins un faisceau ultrasonore - Google Patents

Système et procédé permettant d'effectuer des mesures sur une paroi d'une canalisation à l'aide d'au moins un faisceau ultrasonore Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008010711A1
WO2008010711A1 PCT/NL2007/050353 NL2007050353W WO2008010711A1 WO 2008010711 A1 WO2008010711 A1 WO 2008010711A1 NL 2007050353 W NL2007050353 W NL 2007050353W WO 2008010711 A1 WO2008010711 A1 WO 2008010711A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transducers
pipeline
path
wall
beams
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/NL2007/050353
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Reinier Antonius Parie
Thomas Theodorus Arnoldus Van Overbeek
Herman Jozef Moolenaar
Paul André de Jong
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rontgen Technische Dienst BV
Original Assignee
Rontgen Technische Dienst BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rontgen Technische Dienst BV filed Critical Rontgen Technische Dienst BV
Publication of WO2008010711A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008010711A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/043—Analysing solids in the interior, e.g. by shear waves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
    • B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
    • B06B1/0607—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements
    • B06B1/0622—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements on one surface
    • B06B1/0633—Cylindrical array
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/06—Visualisation of the interior, e.g. acoustic microscopy
    • G01N29/0654—Imaging
    • G01N29/069—Defect imaging, localisation and sizing using, e.g. time of flight diffraction [TOFD], synthetic aperture focusing technique [SAFT], Amplituden-Laufzeit-Ortskurven [ALOK] technique
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/07—Analysing solids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/221—Arrangements for directing or focusing the acoustical waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/24—Probes
    • G01N29/2481—Wireless probes, e.g. with transponders or radio links
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/26—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor
    • G01N29/262—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor by electronic orientation or focusing, e.g. with phased arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/26—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor
    • G01N29/265—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor by moving the sensor relative to a stationary material
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
    • G01N2291/023—Solids
    • G01N2291/0234—Metals, e.g. steel
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/04—Wave modes and trajectories
    • G01N2291/044—Internal reflections (echoes), e.g. on walls or defects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/10—Number of transducers
    • G01N2291/106—Number of transducers one or more transducer arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/26—Scanned objects
    • G01N2291/263—Surfaces
    • G01N2291/2636—Surfaces cylindrical from inside

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a system for performing measurements, with the aid of at least one ultrasonic beam, on a wall of a pipeline from a position in the pipeline, wherein the system is provided with a device which is arranged to be positioned in the pipeline, provided with a measuring body, which measuring body comprises a plurality of transducers for transmitting the ultrasonic waves, wherein, in use, the at least one beam has a propagation direction with a component in radial direction of the pipeline.
  • the invention further relates to a method for performing measurements, with the aid of at least one ultrasonic beam, on a wall of a pipeline from a position in the pipeline.
  • Such a system and such a method are known per se and are used for detecting defects in metal parts of the pipe wall of a pipeline, such as cracks and corrosion.
  • the system can utilize techniques to obtain information about the wall on the basis of responses of the ultrasonic beam on the wall, caused by reflections or diffractions of the ultrasonic beam on the wall.
  • the device can utilize time-of-flight diffraction (TOFD) or tandem technique.
  • TOFD time-of-flight diffraction
  • tandem technique responses are mostly received with other transducers than the transducers with which the beams were transmitted.
  • the measuring body is often designed to be rotatable relative to the pipeline, that is, rotatable relative to the remainder of the device.
  • the device is introduced into the pipeline. Then, the measuring body is rotated, so that each of the transducers transmits a beam each time in a modified direction. Thus, a ring-shaped zone is scanned. After scanning of the zone, the device can be transported further in the pipeline for subsequently scanning a next ring-shaped zone. Also, transportation through the pipeline and rotation can be carried out simultaneously, so that the pipe wall is scanned along a helix.
  • a drawback of the known device is that measuring through rotation of the measuring body in the pipeline takes relatively much time.
  • the necessity of rotating the measuring body can constitute a considerable limitation on the speed of movement of the device in axial direction, since the rotation speed is limited by technical possibilities and/or a measuring speed.
  • rotation requires much energy, which may present problems especially if the system involves a battery-supplied device.
  • the system is characterized in that the system is further provided with a control device for controlling the transducers, wherein the transducers are arranged with respect to each other such that in combination they extend distributed over at least one path, which path extends substantially in tangential direction of the pipeline around an axis which in use extends in axial direction of the pipeline, wherein the system is arranged such that, in use, in each case per transducer a beam can be formed, wherein the control device is arranged for consecutively selecting in each case at least one transducer for consecutively transmitting in each case at least one beam, wherein for transmitting beams in mutually different directions, mutually different transducers are selected.
  • the desired direction of the beam can be chosen through selection of the at least one transducer, in many cases rotation of the measuring body relative to the housing can be at least partly or wholly avoided.
  • embodiments of the system are possible whereby the measuring body, in use, does not rotate relative to the pipeline, or relative to the remainder of the system, which can be beneficial to the accuracy of the measurements.
  • the invention affords the possibility of a lower energy consumption, since no energy needs to be spent on the rotary movement of the measuring body.
  • the at least one path forms a loop closed upon itself. This is especially advantageous in detecting defects, such as cracks and corrosion, near a weld interconnecting two parts of the pipeline.
  • the device of the system can stand still at a particular position in the pipeline and perform a circumferential scan on and/or near the weld.
  • the wall can be scanned with different beams without the measuring body needing to rotate.
  • the control device is arranged, in use, to consecutively control mutually different transducers of the at least one path, for consecutively transmitting mutually different beams for screening the wall.
  • control device is arranged, in use, in each case to simultaneously control a plurality of different transducers of the at least one path, for simultaneously transmitting different beams in mutually different directions.
  • different parts of the wall can be examined simultaneously.
  • control device is arranged, in use, to consecutively control mutually different pluralities of transducers, for consecutively transmitting mutually different pluralities of beams for scanning the wall.
  • a pipeline can be scanned whereby different beams are transmitted simultaneously.
  • An advanced embodiment of the system according to the invention has the feature that the transducers extend over a plurality of such paths.
  • the control device is further arranged for transmitting beams as discussed before, per path.
  • the control device may be arranged for, per path, transmitting mutually different beams for scanning the wall; for, per path, simultaneously transmitting different beams in mutually different directions; or for, per path, transmitting mutually different pluralities of beams for scanning the wall. In this way, too, the measuring speed can be raised further.
  • a preferred embodiment of the system according to the invention is characterized in that the path is formed as a loop at least substantially closed upon itself, especially a circumferential circle at least substantially closed upon itself.
  • Such a simple setup has the advantage that use can be made of the rotation symmetry that is often present in a pipeline. If the path extends over a circle, it is possible that, in use, the transducers of the path have substantially a same distance to the inner and/or outer surface of the pipeline. Further, such an embodiment is particularly suitable for performing a scan performed by consecutive beams transmitted with the aid of the transducers in tangential direction.
  • At least one subset of the number of transducers extends over the at least one path, these transducers being each arranged for forming a beam and for receiving reflections of the at least one beam, wherein the direction of the beam has at least substantially exclusively a radial and axial component. Due to the absence of a tangential component, a measurement requires little space in tangential direction and it is possible to perform many measurements simultaneously. It is possible that a first path is provided with transducers of a first type, for instance transducers utilizing pulse echo, and/or a second path is provided with transducers of a second type, for instance transducers utilizing time-of- flight diffraction (TOFD) and/or tandem technique.
  • TOFD time-of- flight diffraction
  • the measuring body is provided with an acoustic lens for converging the at least one beam, which provides the advantage that a better focus on an area on or in the wall can be achieved.
  • Fig. 1 shows in perspective view a first embodiment of a system according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows a cross section of the device from Fig. 1 adjacent the transducers;
  • Figs. 3a-c show detailed views of the portion delineated with a broken line in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 3d shows a cross section of the device from Fig. 1 adjacent the transducers
  • Fig. 4 shows in perspective view a third embodiment of a system according to the invention.
  • Fig. 5 shows a detailed view of the longitudinal section of the device adjacent the arrows PP'.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a system S according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows a cross section of the device from Fig. 1.
  • the device 1 is situated in a pipeline 22 (shown only in Fig. 2) provided with a wall 23 with an inner surface 24 and an outer surface 26.
  • the system S comprises a device 1 which is shown in perspective view in Fig. 1.
  • the device 1 is provided with a housing 2 which, at least in this first embodiment, comprises a cylinder-shaped measuring body 4 and at the two ends 6, 8 thereof a frame, in this example in the form of a suspension 10.
  • a housing 2 which, at least in this first embodiment, comprises a cylinder-shaped measuring body 4 and at the two ends 6, 8 thereof a frame, in this example in the form of a suspension 10.
  • each of the suspensions 10 are so arranged and mounted on the measuring body 4 that the measuring body 4 can be introduced in a centered manner into a pipeline with an axial axis A.
  • each of the suspensions 10 is provided with three arms 11, with each of the arms 11 having at an end remote from an axial axis A' of the cylinder-shaped body 4 a small wheel 12 and a springing element (not shown in the drawing) situated between the axial axis A' and the wheel 12.
  • the axial axis A of the pipeline coincides in use, when the device is in the pipeline 22 to be inspected, with the axial axis A' of the device.
  • a radial direction B' of the device is defined to coincide with a radial direction B of the pipeline when the device is in the pipeline (see Fig. 2).
  • a tangential direction C of the device is defined as coinciding with a tangential direction C of the pipeline when the device is in the pipeline (see Fig. 2).
  • the three arms 11 are separated at an angular distance of approximately 120° with respect to each other through for instance bent bars 14.
  • one suspension 10 at one end 6 is staggered approximately 60° with respect to the other suspension 10 at the other end 8. The suspension being arranged in this way allows the device to be moved in axial direction of a pipeline 22 with a favorable speed of, for instance, 0.5 to 1 m/sec, while the measuring body 4 remains properly centered.
  • the path 18 is shaded in Fig. 1.
  • the number of n transducers 16i as shown in the drawing is intended only by way of illustration.
  • the transducers 16i are known per se and are each arranged for transmitting an ultrasonic beam. Further, the transducers 16i in this example are also arranged for receiving ultrasonic waves. To this end, the transducers 16i are mostly provided with a piezo crystal.
  • each transducer is arranged to generate only one beam in a predetermined fixed direction.
  • the device is settable, such that the beams adjoin each other or at least partly overlap each other at the wall of the pipeline, so that complete circumferential coverage is obtained.
  • the beams can be generated by transducers which extend in combination in tangential direction distributed over one path, which path extends in the tangential direction. More generally, it holds that by consecutively selecting different pluralities of transducers, mutually different pluralities of ultrasonic beams are transmitted for scanning the pipeline.
  • the system S is provided with a control device 20 which is communicatively connected with each of the transducers, so that with the control device 20 transducers 16i can be selected for transmitting ultrasonic beams.
  • Ultrasonic signals that are received with the transducers are supplied via the connection between the transducers and the control device to the control device for further processing. These received ultrasonic signals are transmitted beams which have been reflected on a wall of the pipeline.
  • the control system is mechanically connected with the device. However, this is not requisite; the control system may also be placed at a distance from the device, for instance outside a pipeline 22 to be inspected.
  • the control device 20 is provided with electronic components, such as for instance an electronic microprocessor and electronic memory components (not shown in the drawing). It is also possible, however, that optical components (not shown in the drawing either) form part of the control device 20.
  • control device in this embodiment is arranged for passing on received ultrasonic signals to signal processing means 21.
  • the communicative connection between the signal processing means 21 and the control device 20 is preferably wireless, but may also be realized with a cable.
  • each transducer 16i is arranged to transmit an ultrasonic beam and to receive ultrasonic waves.
  • the device is so designed that the distance between the transducers on the one hand and an axial axis A' of the device on the other hand is the same in each case.
  • the axial axis A' of the device coincides with an axial axis A of the pipeline 22.
  • this means that in use a distance d from one of the transducers 16i to the inner surface 24 of the cylinder-shaped pipeline 22 is at least substantially the same for each transducer 16i (i l,2,...n).
  • the transducers 16i are positioned with respect to each other such that in combination they extend distributed over the path 18, which path 18 extends at least substantially in tangential direction around the axial axis A' of the device.
  • the path 18 forms a loop closed upon itself, viz. a circle.
  • the cylinder-shaped measuring body 4 is further provided, at its circumference, with an acoustic lens (not shown in the drawing).
  • the lens serves for focusing the waves coming from the transducers 16i to form beams, in such a manner that with the aid of each transducer a beam can be transmitted in a particular direction.
  • Figs. 3a-c show on an enlarged scale the portion of Fig. 2 framed with the broken line I.
  • a first step is shown in Fig. 3a.
  • the control device 20 causes, with the aid of the transducer 16i, a beam Z.I, diverging in this example, to be transmitted in a direction of a nearby first part 23.1 of the wall 23.
  • the beam Z.I will have a component in radial direction B'. Reflections of the beam Z.I in this example are received with the aid of the transducer 16i. It is also possible that reflections are received by neighboring transducers such as for instance the transducers 16 n and I62. The thus received ultrasonic signals are supplied to the control unit 20 for further processing.
  • the control unit in this example sends the received ultrasonic signals on to the signal processing unit 21 which processes the signals further for analyzing the wall 23 of the pipeline 22 in a known manner.
  • a second step is shown in Fig. 3b.
  • Fig. 3b it can be seen that thereupon, in the same manner, again a beam Z.2 is formed.
  • the selected transducer 16i with the aid of which the control device 20 causes a beam Z.2, different from beam Z.I, to be transmitted is the transducer I62. Since now a different transducer has been selected, viz. the transducer I62, a beam Z.2 directed at a different location of the wall 23 is transmitted.
  • the beam Z.2 corresponds to a beam Z.I shifted in tangential direction.
  • the control device 20 therefore causes, with the aid of the transducer I62, a beam Z.2 to be transmitted in a direction of a nearby second part 23.2 of the wall 23.
  • the beam Z.2 will have a component in radial direction B'.
  • Reflections of the beam Z.2 in this example are received with the aid of the transducer I62. It is also possible that further reflections are received by neighboring transducers such as for instance the transducers 26i and 263.
  • the thus received ultrasonic signals are supplied to the control unit 20 for further processing.
  • the control unit 20 in this example sends the received ultrasonic signals on to the signal processing unit 21 which processes the signals further for analyzing the wall 23 of the pipeline 22 in a known manner.
  • FIG. 3c A third step is shown in Fig. 3c.
  • Fig. 3c it can be seen that thereupon, in the same manner, again a beam Z.3 is formed.
  • the selected transducer 16i with the aid of which the control device 20 causes a beam Z.3, different from beam Z.2, to be transmitted is the transducer I63. Since now a different transducer has been selected, viz. the transducer I63, a beam Z.3 directed at a different location of the wall 23 is transmitted.
  • the beam Z.3 corresponds to a beam Z.2 shifted in tangential direction.
  • the control device 20 therefore causes, with the aid of the transducer I63, a beam Z.3 to be transmitted in a direction of a nearby third part 23.3 of the wall 23.
  • the beam Z.3 will have a component in radial direction B'. Reflections of the beam Z.3 in this example are received with the aid of the transducer I63. It is also possible that further reflections are received by neighboring transducers such as for instance the transducers 262 and 264.
  • the thus received ultrasonic signals are supplied to the control unit 20 for further processing.
  • the control unit 20 in this example sends the received ultrasonic signals on to the signal processing unit 21 which processes the signals further for analyzing the wall 23 of the pipeline in a known manner.
  • beams can be consecutively transmitted with the aid of the other transducers of the first path 18.
  • the inner surface adjacent the path 18 can be scanned in the tangential direction C, C without the measuring body 4 needing to be rotated relative to the suspension 10 (that is, relative to the remainder of the device) or relative to the pipeline.
  • At least one transducer 16i is selected for consecutively transmitting at least one beam for measuring on a particular part of the wall of the pipeline.
  • mutually different transducers are selected for transmitting beams in mutually different directions.
  • a scan in tangential direction can be performed without the necessity for rotating the measuring body 4.
  • the scan in this example forms a loop closed upon itself.
  • the control device is therefore arranged, in use, to consecutively control mutually different transducers of the at least one path for consecutively transmitting mutually different beams for scanning the wall.
  • neighboring beams Zi and Z.i+1 adjoin or partly overlap in or near the wall of the pipeline, so that the complete wall can be scanned.
  • the wall of the pipeline can also be scanned in a different manner by selecting the transducers in a different sequential order and/or by selecting a plurality of transducers simultaneously. An example of this will now be discussed with reference to Fig. 3d.
  • the control device 20 is furthermore arranged for controlling the transducers 16i as desired, such that simultaneously by a plurality of transducers, respectively, a plurality of different beams Zi are transmitted.
  • transducers 16i,16 ⁇ i, Ie 1 Oi and I6151 are simultaneously selected for transmitting a beam with each of these transducers.
  • the beams Z.I, Z.51, Z.101 and Z.151 are transmitted as shown in Fig. 3d.
  • Reflections of the beams are measured with the aid of the transducers 16i,165i, Ie 1 Oi and l ⁇ i ⁇ i as discussed above. Also, it is possible that with the aid of the neighboring transducers I6200 and I62 reflections of the beam Z.I are measured; with the neighboring transducers I650 and I652 reflections of the beam Z.51, etc.
  • the thus received ultrasonic signals are supplied via the control unit 20 to the signal processing unit 21 as discussed above for further processing.
  • the transducers 162,1652, 16iO2 and 16 ⁇ 2 are selected for simultaneously transmitting the beams Z.2, Z.52, Z.102 and Z.152.
  • reflections are measured with the aid of for instance the transducers 162,1652, 16iO2 and 16].52 and possibly also with the aid of neighboring transducers thereof as discussed above.
  • the control device is arranged, in use, in each case to control simultaneously a plurality of different transducers of the at least one path for simultaneously transmitting different beams in mutually different directions.
  • the control device is arranged, in use, to consecutively control mutually different pluralities of transducers for consecutively transmitting mutually different pluralities of beams for scanning the wall.
  • the device 1 for instance between two circumferential scans along the loop, can be transported through the pipeline for thus scanning successive ring- shaped areas which preferably adjoin or of which neighboring ring-shaped areas partially overlap.
  • a second embodiment of the device is shown.
  • the second embodiment substantially corresponds to the first embodiment.
  • the transducers are here indicated with 16y, where j indicates the path 18i to which the transducer belongs, and i is the indication of the transducer within the path 18j.
  • One first subset of the number of transducers 16ij extends over the first path 18i.
  • the first path 18i and the third path I83 are separated from each other in axial direction A, A'.
  • the direction of the beam Z.i,2 has at least substantially exclusively a radial and axial component. This is due to the chosen direction of the transducers.
  • the axial component is in the direction of the third path.
  • the direction of the beam Z.i,2 in this embodiment is such that the beam after refraction on the inner surface 24 of the pipeline includes for instance an angle between 20° and 70°, preferably an angle between 30° and 60° and more preferably between 40° and 50° with a radial direction of the device.
  • the angle after refraction is approximately 45°.
  • a normal N to a surface of the transducers 16i,2 and 16i,3 includes an angle of (90 - 16.9) degrees with the axial direction A, A'.
  • the direction of the beam Z.i,3 has at least substantially exclusively a radial and axial component. This is due to the chosen direction of the transducers.
  • the direction of the beam Z.i,3 in this embodiment is such that the beam after refraction on the inner surface 24 of the pipeline includes for instance an angle between 20° and 70°, preferably an angle between 30° and 60° and more preferably between 40° and 50° with a radial direction of the device. In this example, the angle after refraction is approximately 45°.
  • a normal N' to a surface of the transducers 16i,4 and 16i,5 includes an angle of (90 — 11.2) degrees with the axial direction A, A'.
  • the transducers 16i,3 are arranged for receiving reflections in the wall of beams Z.i,3 transmitted by the transducers.
  • the transducers 16i,2 of the third subset may be arranged for receiving reflections of the beams Z..i,3.
  • a reflection on a fault in the wall 23 of the beam Z.1,3 will be received by the transducer 16i,3 and possibly by the neighboring transducers 16i-i,3 and 16i+i,3.
  • a reflection on the wall 23 of the beam Z.i,3 will be received by the transducer 16i,2 and possibly by the neighboring transducers 16i-i,2 and l ⁇ i+i ⁇ .
  • a beam Zi, 2 transmitted with the second subset of transducers can, upon reflection on the outer wall and a fault in the wall, be received by a transducer 16i,3 for performing a roundtrip tandem measurement, known per se.
  • the system is provided with a fourth subset of the transducers 16i,4 which extend over a fourth path I84 and with a fifth subset of transducers 16i,5 which extend over a fifth path I85.
  • the fourth and fifth paths in this example are separated from each other in axial direction A,A and are situated on either side of the first path.
  • the first, fourth and fifth paths are then situated between the second and third paths.
  • the transducers of the fourth and fifth subsets in this example are used for performing so-called time-of-flight diffraction (TOFD), which is described in more detail inter alia in International patent application WO 2006/004402.
  • TOFD time-of-flight diffraction
  • a beam Z.i,4 of the fourth path I84 is transmitted, of which a diffraction on the wall of the pipeline is received with an associated transducer 16i,5 of the fifth path I85.
  • a diffraction on the wall may possibly be received also by neighboring transducers such as the transducers 16i+i,5 and l ⁇ i-i. ⁇ .
  • the transducers of the fifth path may also be arranged for transmitting divergent beams, while the transducers of the fourth path are arranged for receiving diffractions, so that in this way too a TOFD scan can be performed.
  • the system may be arranged for performing roundtrip tandem measurements with the transducers of the fourth path and fifth path, as discussed above for the second and third paths.
  • the invention is not limited thereto.
  • use can also be made of tandem technique, whereby both transducers for generating a beam and transducers for receiving a response are used.
  • more than one beam may be transmitted.
  • converging instead of diverging beams may be generated.
  • the control device is mechanically connected with the device.
  • the control device can also be arranged outside the pipeline and for instance be wired to the transducers.
  • the connection between the signal processing means 21 and the control device 20 may be wired or wireless.
  • the transducers may extend along a segment of a circle instead of a complete circle.
  • different numbers of beams than discussed above may be transmitted simultaneously.
  • the loop closed upon itself instead of being a circle, may also be an oval, square, hexagon, etc.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

Système permettant d'effectuer des mesures, à l'aide d'au moins un faisceau ultrasonore, sur une paroi d'une canalisation à partir d'une position dans la canalisation. Le système est doté d'un dispositif conçu pour être positionné dans la canalisation et pourvu d'un corps de mesure, lequel corps de mesure comprend une pluralité de transducteurs conçus pour émettre des ondes ultrasonores. En pratique, la direction de propagation dudit au moins un faisceau ultrasonore possède une composante dans la direction radiale de la canalisation. Le système est en outre doté d'un dispositif de commande conçu pour commander les transducteurs, lesquels sont agencés les uns par rapport aux autres de manière à être répartis le long d'au moins un chemin, ledit au moins un chemin s'étendant sensiblement dans la direction tangentielle de la canalisation autour d'un axe qui, en pratique, s'étend dans la direction axiale de la canalisation. Le système est conçu de façon à ce qu'en pratique, chaque transducteur forme un faisceau. Le dispositif de commande est conçu pour sélectionner successivement au moins un transducteur pour émettre successivement au moins un faisceau, différents transducteurs étant sélectionnés pour émettre des faisceaux dans différentes directions.
PCT/NL2007/050353 2006-07-17 2007-07-17 Système et procédé permettant d'effectuer des mesures sur une paroi d'une canalisation à l'aide d'au moins un faisceau ultrasonore Ceased WO2008010711A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1032185A NL1032185C2 (nl) 2006-07-17 2006-07-17 Systeem en werkwijze voor het met behulp van ten minste een ultrasone bundel meten aan een wand van een pijpleiding.
NL1032185 2006-07-17

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WO2008010711A1 true WO2008010711A1 (fr) 2008-01-24

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DE102008005971A1 (de) * 2008-01-24 2009-07-30 Ge Inspection Technologies Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur zerstörungsfreien Prüfung eines Prüflings mittels Ultraschall-TOFD-Technik
EP2105737A1 (fr) * 2008-03-25 2009-09-30 Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast-natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO Système de détection des défauts dans une paroi de tuyau par ultrasons
WO2012031988A1 (fr) * 2010-09-06 2012-03-15 Intelligendt Systems & Services Gmbh Dispositif de contrôle interne d'une pièce présentant un perçage cylindrique creux
DE102014102367A1 (de) * 2014-02-24 2015-08-27 Universität Rostock Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Hohlraumdetektion
EP2936141A1 (fr) * 2012-12-21 2015-10-28 Vallourec Tubes France Dispositif et procede de controle non destructif de profiles metalliques
CN105842342A (zh) * 2016-06-24 2016-08-10 爱德森（厦门）电子有限公司 一种金属复合材料基体表面覆盖层质量的检测装置及方法
CN110514356A (zh) * 2019-09-09 2019-11-29 乐绪枝 一种输油管道裂纹检测设备
US20250067708A1 (en) * 2023-08-25 2025-02-27 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Ultrasonic in-line inspection system with square transducers

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US5932807A (en) * 1994-10-25 1999-08-03 U.S. Philips Corporation Device for the non-destructive testing of hollow tubular objects by means of ultrasound
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US5932807A (en) * 1994-10-25 1999-08-03 U.S. Philips Corporation Device for the non-destructive testing of hollow tubular objects by means of ultrasound
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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008005971A1 (de) * 2008-01-24 2009-07-30 Ge Inspection Technologies Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur zerstörungsfreien Prüfung eines Prüflings mittels Ultraschall-TOFD-Technik
US8776558B2 (en) 2008-03-25 2014-07-15 Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno System for ultrasonically detecting defects in a pipe wall
EP2105737A1 (fr) * 2008-03-25 2009-09-30 Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast-natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO Système de détection des défauts dans une paroi de tuyau par ultrasons
WO2009120076A1 (fr) * 2008-03-25 2009-10-01 Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno Système de détection ultrasonore de défauts dans une paroi de tuyau
RU2491543C2 (ru) * 2008-03-25 2013-08-27 Недерландсе Органисати Вор Тугепаст-Натюрветенсхаппелейк Ондерзук (Тно) Система для ультразвукового обнаружения дефектов в стенке трубы
WO2012031988A1 (fr) * 2010-09-06 2012-03-15 Intelligendt Systems & Services Gmbh Dispositif de contrôle interne d'une pièce présentant un perçage cylindrique creux
US8578780B2 (en) 2010-09-06 2013-11-12 Intelligendt Systems & Services Gmbh Apparatus for internal inspection of a workpiece having a hollow cylindrical hole
EP2936141A1 (fr) * 2012-12-21 2015-10-28 Vallourec Tubes France Dispositif et procede de controle non destructif de profiles metalliques
DE102014102367A1 (de) * 2014-02-24 2015-08-27 Universität Rostock Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Hohlraumdetektion
CN105842342A (zh) * 2016-06-24 2016-08-10 爱德森（厦门）电子有限公司 一种金属复合材料基体表面覆盖层质量的检测装置及方法
CN110514356A (zh) * 2019-09-09 2019-11-29 乐绪枝 一种输油管道裂纹检测设备
CN110514356B (zh) * 2019-09-09 2020-11-24 绩溪智旭智能化技术开发有限公司 一种输油管道裂纹检测设备
US20250067708A1 (en) * 2023-08-25 2025-02-27 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Ultrasonic in-line inspection system with square transducers

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