WO2008009483A1 - underground tank - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an underground tank (1), particularly for receiving rain water, waste water, chemicals, and other liquids, having a storage chamber (2), wherein the storage chamber (2) comprises a wall region (3) and two chamber surfaces, of which one chamber surface is configured as a chamber bottom (4), and the other chamber surface is configured as the chamber top (5), characterized in that the storage chamber (2) comprises at least one compressive force removal element (6), which is positioned at a distance to the wall region (3) and is configured at least partially hollow, which is furthermore formed by an inwardly directed folded edge of the exterior side of the underground tank (1) facing the soil, and which extends from the chamber bottom (4) to the chamber top (5).

Description

 Underground tank

The invention relates to an underground tank, in particular for receiving rainwater, waste water, chemicals and other liquids, with a storage chamber, wherein the storage chamber comprises a wall portion and two chamber surfaces, of which one chamber surface is formed as a chamber bottom and the other chamber surface as a chamber ceiling ,

For the storage of rainwater, waste water, chemicals and other liquids tank containers are used, which are either installed above ground or built underground. For Platzerspamisgründen the underground storage has proven to be particularly advantageous. Furthermore, the underground installation of collecting containers has the advantage of light-tightness and cooling, which has great importance, for example, in terms of hygiene in the storage of rainwater. However, such subterranean tanks, so-called underground tanks, are subject to special requirements with regard to tightness and stability, since they are exposed to an increased load due to the surrounding soil. In addition, unlike above-ground storage tanks, these are not accessible to visual inspection.

Earth tanks can have different shapes; For example, approximately spherical tanks are known with a manhole in the region of the uppermost point of the ball and oval or box-shaped container. These tank systems usually have relatively high vertical orientations, which additionally serve to improve the static properties. Due to the diversion or deflection of compressive forces and due to an economically favorable ratio of surface area to volume, underground tanks have proven to be particularly advantageous as horizontal or upright cylinders or in spherical form. Box-shaped containers, however, are relatively rare. They are, as far as they are used, provided with massive inner and outer stiffeners and bevels and have a relatively narrow Build up. to reduce the horizontal attack surface of the vertical earth pressure, and thereby are relatively unfavorable economically. Since such tanks must be used deep underground in the underground installation, there is the disadvantage that in soils with a rocky surface or high groundwater level, the installation is only costly and with great technical effort to accomplish.

In order to provide sufficient compressive strength of the underground laid tanks, in particular underground tanks have been developed, which are provided on the wall with a plurality of vertically and horizontally extending over the outer circumference of the tank and formed outwardly of the wall reinforcing ribs. For the necessary strength such large tanks with a capacity of 3000 liters and more must still have cylindrical shapes.

It is therefore of interest to provide shallow earth tanks with sufficient stability, which can be used in particular in areas with high base or layer water level, such as long thin cylinders or circular rings, but at an economically favorable surface-to-volume ratio still require relatively large installation depths. To counter this, an underground tank has been developed, which has an annular tank space which defines a single, centrally located opening and is installed in a horizontal orientation. The surrounding soil not only supports the outside of the tubular body, but also the inner region located in the annular opening, thereby bypassing pressure loads acting on the central unsupported area. The disadvantage, however, is that due to the large annular opening, the capacity of the tank in relation to the space requirement is relatively low.

Earth tanks, which have a small height with a comparatively large footprint, are technically impossible to accomplish due to lack of compressive strength, since the forces acting from the top of the tank inserted into the ground forces are not dissipated by the soil and thus to a collapse of the

Lead tanks. The flatter the underground tank is designed, the larger its horizontal surface and thus the problem of the derived vertical earth pressure. Furthermore, the floor area of such tanks may be exposed to heavy loads, such as these tanks are placed in groundwater near ground layers and temporarily float on the groundwater, exposing the tank bottom to high buoyancy forces.

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a shallow earth tank with a large capacity, which is particularly durable.

This object is achieved by an Erdtank described above in that the storage chamber has at least one Druckkräfteableitelement which is spaced from the wall area and at least partially hollow and is formed by an inwardly directed protuberance of the soil facing the outside of the underground tank and from the chamber floor extends to the chamber ceiling.

The spacing from the wall area in the sense of this invention means an arrangement in which the pressure-force discharge element is not directly connected to the wall area, but is separate from it - at a distance. The stability of the particularly shallow underground tank is realized in the horizontal area by dissipation of the vertical earth pressure via one or more Druckkräfteableitelemente. As a result of the at least partially hollow shape of the Druckkräfteableit- dementia and the connection of the resulting cavity with the soil, the Druckkräfteableitelement can be filled during installation of the tank in the interior of Druckkräfte- discharge element with earth, so that the Kräfteableitelement is supported from the inside and so gaining stability. The underground tank is thus supported not only by the soil surrounding the wall area, but also by the earth mass filling the hollow space. Further support elements are therefore not required. Burdens can arise as a result of pressure on the tank earth masses in the form of compressive forces. Further, the Druckkräfteableitelemente can counteract a deformation of the bottom surface of the tank, which may arise due to high groundwater, layered water or backwater in the form of buoyancy forces.

Also particularly advantageous is an arrangement of a plurality of dome-like Druckkräfte- dissipation elements, which are distributed uniformly over the base. This will ensure that the elements will maintain the pressure and / or pressure applied from above and below. Drive forces absorb particularly efficient and derived over the chamber surfaces in the surrounding earth area, so that the underground tank is particularly stable and resilient. Since the shallow earth tank is aligned in a horizontal plane, loads acting on the tank base are distributed homogeneously over the entire base and passed through the Kräft vit ele- elements through the pantry through. The chamber surfaces thus do not deform.

In a further expedient embodiment, the wall region of the underground tank has channel-shaped depressions, so-called stiffening beads, which merge into stiffening beads in the chamber bottom. It is favorable in this case if the beads are arranged in a regular rib structure. Due to such a regular bead arrangement, the rigidity of the tank construction is increased to a particularly advantageous extent, whereby the tank can absorb even higher pressure loads and does not twist.

Likewise, the chamber ceiling can be provided with stiffening beads, which contribute to an increased carrying capacity of the underground tank. The stiffening beads in the chamber ceiling offer the advantage that increased pressure forces can act on the surface of the tank without causing cracks or deformations, such as, for example, when covering with heavy soils or when planting.

In a further embodiment, the chamber floor also has stiffening beads, which merge into stiffening beads of the pressure-transmitting elements. It is favorable in this case that the bottom area of the underground tank is stabilized, so that no deformations from below occur at any buoyancy forces.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the stiffening beads on the at least one chamber surface of the at least one Druckkräfteableitelement from star-shaped to extend in the direction of the wall region. The compressive forces acting from above and any buoyancy forces occurring from below are absorbed by the chamber surfaces and guided by means of the star-shaped beads to the force-diverting elements and the wall region, from where they are absorbed by the bottom region. Due to the improved dimensional stability of the Erdtank Installation can be additionally covered even with heavy soils, so with soils of a high density. If, for example, the tank is to be used in loamy soils, it can be covered with the loamy excavated material, which eliminates a purchase of lower density soil material associated with further costs.

In another advantageous embodiment, the length expansions and the width expansions of the chamber surfaces are greater than the height of the wall region, whereby a shallow tank construction is provided. The tank thus has a low installation depth and can also be used for soils that are difficult to excavate and for problematic groundwater conditions. Finally, the tank thus has a large capacity with only a small installation depth, since the base can take on larger dimensions than conventional underground tanks, without the stability suffers. Conventional tank systems without force discharge elements would collapse in such a flat design or at least be deformed so that a damage to the tank occurs.

In another training, the underground tank can be monolithic, that is seamlessly built in one piece. It is advantageous that this provides a permanently sealed tank without welds available. Any leaks and penetrating root system are effectively counteracted. Furthermore, the assembly times are lower than in a built-up of several parts Erdtank, thereby reducing costs.

In particular, the Erdtank is adapted by its structural features so as to be installed in loamy soil, in rocky ground, in groundwater, shift or backwater in the soil. Expensive excavation heavy soils, any blasting and drainage measures can thus be omitted.

Further preferred and advantageous features emerge from the subclaims and the description.

Particularly advantageous embodiments of the earth tank according to the invention will be explained below with the aid of the drawings. Showing: Figure 1: a perspective view of the top of an inventive

Embodiment in monolithic construction;

FIG. 2: a perspective view of the underside of that shown in FIG

embodiment;

FIG. 3 shows an exploded view of an embodiment according to the invention in a modular construction;

Figure 4 is a perspective view of the top of another embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 5: a perspective view of the underside of the embodiment shown in FIG.

The underground tank 1 according to the invention comprises a storage chamber 2 which is formed by a wall region 3 and two chamber surfaces, one of which is the chamber bottom 4 and the other is the chamber cover 5. In particular, the length expansions and width expansions of the chamber surfaces are greater than the height of the wall region 3 in order to be able to realize the smallest possible installation depth. The height of the wall portion 3 can be arbitrary, preferably it is between 50 and 150 cm. It is particularly favorable, however, if it is 100 cm. This offers the advantage that earth only has to be excavated from surface layers close to the surface and construction costs are minimized, as well as the required technical effort can be reduced.

The circumference of the wall portion 3 of the earth tank 1 may take any shape, for example, be substantially circular, oval, square, rectangular or asymmetric. The chamber bottom 4 and the chamber ceiling 5 are adapted in such a way that they surround the wall region 3 from below or from above in a sealing manner. In the present case, the bottom surface of the underground tank 1 has a rectangular shape in order to be able to withstand a particularly large number of different soil conditions and basic conditions. Piece sizes can be used. Thus, these tanks 1 can also be used on land with a tubular floor plan, which can be built only very limited in width. Particularly preferred is a dimensioning with a ratio of length to width and height of 2.4: 1.2: 1.

FIG. 1 shows, in particular in a perspective view, the upper side of a ground tank monolithically made of polyethylene; the underside of this tank is shown in FIG. The tank 1 comprises a seamlessly shaped storage chamber 2 which is delimited by a wall region 3, a chamber bottom 4 and a chamber cover 5. The length and width dimensions of the tank 1 are greater than the height of the wall portion 3, whereby the construction assumes a flat geometry. The underground tank 1 has a square base with side lengths of 240 cm and a wall thickness of 8 mm. The height of the wall area 3 is 93 cm.

Such an underground tank 1 may further be made of any suitable material for tank systems, such as ferrous materials, steel, fiberglass and plastics. However, the use of polyethylene is particularly preferred since this ensures particularly easy handling. Since polyethylene is a low-weight material, such a tank 1 is particularly easy to transport and to be inserted into the soil. Likewise, the transport costs are minimized by the light design. Furthermore, no significant corrosion phenomena occur in this material, which could lead to leakage and penetration of root system. Such an embodiment is particularly suitable for groundwater and is thus particularly well suited for installation in soil-near soil layers. In addition, polyethylene has a long life, so that the underground tank 1 does not have to be replaced for a long period of time. In addition, a smooth surface, especially in the interior of the tank can be ensured, so that settle hardly deposits on the surface and the maintenance and cleaning intervals can thus be reduced. In addition, higher water quality can be achieved due to the low amount of deposits and the non-toxicity of the polyethylene. Finally, polyethylene is an environmentally friendly material due to its recyclability. In the storage chamber 2 a plurality, preferably nine regularly arranged Druckkräfteableitelemente 6 are present. These are spaced from the wall portion 3, in an arrangement of three rows of three elements 6. The Druckkräfteableitelemente 6 consist of a vertical elongated hollow body, which may be designed differently, such as concave or two narrow side interconnected cone - or truncated pyramids. The Druckkräfteableitelemente 6 penetrate the Erdtank 1 as a hole with side walls and are filled pressure stable in the installed state with filling material. However, the Druckkräfteableitelemente 6 may also be only partially hollow, for example, a web or backfill material at any point of the element 6 interrupts the hole training. The roller-shaped Druckkräfteableitelemente 6 present here extend from the chamber bottom 4 to the chamber ceiling 5 and are completely hollow. The cavities within Druckkräfteableitelemente 6 are connected via openings with the ground surrounding the Erdtank 1 in the installed state. As a result, the cavities of the Kräfteableitelemente 6 can be filled with earth mass when installing the tank 1, whereby on the one hand, the rigidity of the Kräfteableitelemente 6 is increased and on the other hand, the pressure acting from the top of the tank 1 pressure forces passed through the storage chamber 2 directly into the underlying soil become. The total force acting on the tank 1 compressive force is thus not exclusively transmitted through the wall portion 3 on the chamber bottom 4 and derived from there into the lying below the tank 1 soil layers, but also on the Druckkräfteableitelemente 6. The Druckkräfteableitelemente 6 are also conical, thereby the absorbed pressure over the Druckkräfteabi eitele- mentenfläche is also derived directly into the soil, namely on the amount of earth that fills the cavities.

If the Erdtank 1 is admitted into such soils, which have a particularly high groundwater level, the buoyancy forces acting from below on the chamber bottom 4, as well as the liquid itself, are passed through the cavities in layers near the surface, so that the Chamber bottom 4 does not absorb the entire pressure forces due to the buoyancy. To increase the dimensional stability of the underground tank 1, the wall region 3 has stiffening beads 7a. The Versteifungssi bridges 7a in the wall portion 3 are characterized in that they form trough-shaped depressions in the polyethylene wall material, which have a distance of about 30 cm from each other. The beads 7a have a higher wall stiffness result, which is why even when an empty rainwater tank 1 from the outside acting on the wall portion 3 compressive forces can be safely absorbed. However, if the tank 1 is installed in soils with a low density and also filled with rainwater, then the forces acting on the wall area 3 from the inside can also be safely absorbed, without there being a yielding of the soil and a deformation of the wall area 3 comes to the outside.

Furthermore, the chamber bottom 4 and the chamber ceiling 5 comprise stiffening beads 7b. The chamber ceiling 5 has arcuate stiffening beads 7b, which are formed folded outwards and to extend in a star shape from the upper openings of the Druckkräfteableitelemente 6 in the direction of the wall portion 3. The vertical earth pressure is introduced into these elements 6 as a result of the relatively large contact surfaces formed by the stiffening beads 7b at the outlet of Druckkräfteableitelemente 6. As a result of this structure, the underground tank 1 can also be used in soils that are particularly heavy, such as loamy soils, and are covered with this soil again. It is also made possible that the tank 1 can be traveled in the installed state with heavier vehicles, without the tank 1 is deformed or cracks occur. The forces acting on the chamber ceiling 5 forces are evenly distributed over the surface by means of the stiffening beads 7b and then discharged to the wall portion 3 and via the Druckkräfteableitelemente 6 in the ground.

It can also be seen in FIG. 2 that the chamber bottom 4 and the wall region 3 have stiffening beads 7a, 7b, of which the stiffening beads 7a of the wall region 3 form a right angle in the transitional area between the wall region 3 and the chamber bottom 4 and remain on the chamber bottom 4 for approx 1/10 of the side length of the tank 1 extend. Further stiffening beads 7b of the chamber bottom 4 are everted into the inner region of the storage chamber and extend in a star shape, but offset from one another, from the bottom-side openings of the pressure-discharge conduit. elements 6 out on the wall area 3 to. The stiffening beads 7b which terminate in the surfaces thus have a toothing produced by a rotation deviating from the orthogonal basic orientation. Since the Versteifungssi bridges 7b do not run through, but leak into the surface, the chamber bottom 4 contains almost no goal volume. The beads 7b in the chamber bottom 4 accomplish that the rainwater tank 1 can be used particularly well in soils with difficult groundwater conditions - such as high ground, layer or backwater. The buoyancy forces acting from below on the tank 1 are distributed here uniformly over the chamber bottom 4 by means of the beads 7b, directed toward the wall region 3 and delivered to the ground comprising the tank 1 and to the other via the pressure discharge elements 6 through the storage chamber discharged above.

Due to bevels in the transition region from the horizontal chamber ceiling 5 to the vertical wall area 3, the vertical earth pressure, which contains strong horizontal force components due to the curved reinforcing beads 7b, becomes a counter force to the horizontal earth pressure. Conversely, a horizontal earth pressure from the wall portion 3 becomes a counterforce to the vertical earth pressure. This is done in the invention by the angularly arranged stiffening beads 7a, 7b, whose horizontal portion is integrated in the chamber bottom 4 and the vertical portion in the wall portion 3. A tendency to push a surface through the earth pressure is converted via the angular stiffening beads 7a, 7b in a leverage force that tends to push out the other surface, which is prevented by the resistance of the soil.

Furthermore, the underground tank 1 may comprise at least one opening element, via which the tank interior of the underground tank 1 is connected to the earth's surface, such as a manhole, an inlet or outlet opening or even a combination of these Öffhungselemente. The inlet or outlet openings can be connecting shafts, via which a water extraction and a water supply can take place. About a dome shaft 8 as a manhole addition to the entry for maintenance purposes or cleaning of the tank 1 is also possible.

In the present case, a dome shaft 8 is arranged in a corner of the rainwater tank 1, which allows access for any maintenance. In addition, the chamber bottom 4 below the opening of the manhole 8 on a downwardly directed elongated bulge 10, which can accommodate devices that serve for conveying and processing of rainwater, such as pumps or filters.

In another expedient embodiment, it is also possible that the Erdtank 1 according to the invention is constructed in a modular manner. The individual modules can be detachably or non-releasably sealingly connected to one another via any connection means, for example by means of weld seams, bonds, connecting clamps or plug-in connections. It is advantageous that in a modular structure of transport, installation and replacement of defective parts of the tank 1 is simplified. Preference is given to the use of sealing plug-in closures. These plugs can be easily connected to each other and released again, which makes it possible to replace individual elements of the underground tank 1 in case of damage. Such a tank 1 can be assembled particularly easily, that is without aids such as adhesives, welding equipment or clamps.

From the exploded view in Figure 3, an embodiment can be seen, in which the Erdtank 1 zweimodular, namely a container and a lid is constructed. The two modules to be placed on each other are welded sealingly together. Basically, this embodiment comprises the same elements as the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2. The stiffening beads 7b of the chamber bottom 4 are received by the Druckkräfteableitelementen 6 and form in the Druckkräfteableitelementen 6 in turn stiffening beads 7c, which extend over a portion of about 2/3 of Kräfteableitelementhöhe. The stiffening beads 7c of the Druckkräfteableitelemente 6 serve on the one hand to increased rigidity and distribute on the other hand, the pressure forces acting on them over the surface of the elements 6. A caused by lever forces from the vertical earth pressure rotation of the angular stiffening beads 7b, 7c and thus a yielding of the bottom surface is prevented by the geometry of the hollow Druckkräfteableitelements 6 and the pressure-stable backfilling of the cavity. Further, two inwardly offset surfaces 9 are integrated laterally of the dome shaft 8 in the wall portion 3, can be inserted into the openings to receive inlets and outlets for in and out flowing rainwater.

Figures 4 and 5 show two perspective views of another embodiment of the earth tank 1 according to the invention, comprising the same elements as in Figures 1 and 2. In the present case, however, the tank 1 has no square, but a rectangular base. Accordingly, in the storage chamber 2, only one pressure-element discharge row with three elements 6 is arranged. This embodiment shows that the same advantageous effects are achieved even with different sizes and designs.

In all embodiments, the earth tank 1 according to the invention is adapted so that it can be driven in the installed state of heavier vehicles, so it can be installed under driveways without the tank 1 damaged or in his

Function and life is limited. This trafficability can be ensured by any suitable structural features, such as the arrangement of stiffening beads, the choice of a favorable ratio of height to width and depth, and the combination of certain materials.

Claims

claims 1. Erdtank (1), in particular for receiving rainwater, sewage, chemicals and other liquids, with a storage chamber (2), wherein the Vorratskam- mer (2) comprises a wall portion (3) and two chamber surfaces, one of which chamber surface is formed as a chamber bottom (4) and the other chamber surface as a chamber ceiling (5), characterized in that the storage chamber (2) at least one Druckkräfteableitelement (6) which is spaced from the wall region (3) and at least partially hollow and by a inwardly directed protuberance of the earth facing the outside of the earth tank (1) is formed and extending from the chamber bottom (4) to the chamber ceiling (5) out. 2. Erdtank (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the Erdtank (1) comprises a plurality of dome Druckkräfteableitelemente (6). 3. Erdtank (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the wall region (3) of the underground tank (1) stiffening beads (7a) which pass in stiffening fungssicken (7b) in the chamber bottom (4). 4. underground tank (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the chamber ceiling (5) stiffening beads (7b). 5. Erdtank (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the chamber bottom (4) stiffening beads (7b) which pass into the stiffening beads (7c) of Druckkräfteableitelemente (6). 6. Erd tank (1) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the stiffening beads (7b) on the at least one chamber surface of the at least one Druckkräfteableitelement (6) from star-shaped in the direction of the wall region (3) to extend. 7. underground tank (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the length expansions and the width expansions of the chamber surfaces are greater than the height of the wall portion (3). 8. underground tank (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the height of the wall portion (3) is 50 to 150 cm. 9. Erdtank (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the Erdtank (1) is constructed monolithically. 10. Erdtank (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the Erdtank (1) is modular. 11. Erdtank (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the modules of the Erdtanks (1) are formed connectable to each other via sealing plug-in closures. 12. Erdtank (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the Erdtank (1) is adapted to be able to be installed in clay soils or in rocky underground or in groundwater, layered water or backwater. 13. Erdtank (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the Erdtank (1) comprises at least one of the opening elements (8), selected from the group consisting of inlet opening, outlet opening or manhole. 14. Erdtank (1) according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the Erdtank (1) is adapted to be non-destructive when installed. 15. Erdtank (1) according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the Erdtank (1) consists essentially of polyethylene.