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WO2008007384A1 - Depolymerization op waste rubber and thermoplastics including pvc or pet into hydrocarbon fuels - Google Patents

Depolymerization op waste rubber and thermoplastics including pvc or pet into hydrocarbon fuels Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008007384A1
WO2008007384A1 PCT/IN2006/000241 IN2006000241W WO2008007384A1 WO 2008007384 A1 WO2008007384 A1 WO 2008007384A1 IN 2006000241 W IN2006000241 W IN 2006000241W WO 2008007384 A1 WO2008007384 A1 WO 2008007384A1
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WO
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Prior art keywords
waste
catalyst
sulphate
depolymerization
additive agent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IN2006/000241
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French (fr)
Inventor
Sarjerao Nivrutti Sutar
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Priority to PCT/IN2006/000241 priority Critical patent/WO2008007384A1/en
Publication of WO2008007384A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008007384A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • C10G1/10—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/07—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of solid raw materials consisting of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • B01J23/72—Copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
    • B01J23/78—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with alkali- or alkaline earth metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • B01J27/02—Sulfur, selenium or tellurium; Compounds thereof
    • B01J27/053—Sulfates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/143—Feedstock the feedstock being recycled material, e.g. plastics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process of depolymerization of rubber, rubber waste, Plastic waste including PVC, PET, Polythene, waste oils, foam, synthetic fabrics and all other kinds of plastic/rubber waste into fuel oil and fuel gases by using catalyst & additive agent.
  • Pyrolysis is another known process of reprocessing of waste plastic materials into hydrocarbons however, pyrolysis of plastic waste containing polyvinyl chloride (PVC) can lead to the formation of toxic gases along with highly corrosive HCl gas and polyethylene terphthalate (PET) can lead to the formation of yellow coloured waxy mass along with toxic gases without formation of hydrocarbon oil or very less quantity of oil.
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • PET polyethylene terphthalate
  • US Patent Application No.1999/5951826 claims recycling apparatus for obtaining oil from waste plastic.
  • US Patent Application No.2000/6150577 claims a process of making a VI high lubricating oil from waste plastic containing mainly poly ethylene.
  • US Patent Application No.2000/6107532 claims a process & system for converting plastic waste into oil.
  • US Patent Application No .2000/6011187 claims a method & apparatus for reclaiming oil from waste plastic.
  • US Patent Application No. 2001/6172271 claims method & apparatus for reclaiming oil from waste plastic using sand.
  • US Patent Application No. 2001/6271427 claims method for recovery of carbon & combination of hydrocarbons from polymers, preferably in the form of disposed tyres by pyrolysis in pyrolysis reactor.
  • US Patent Application No. 2002/0006367 claims a method for conversion of plastic waste into oil by reaction using waster in a super critical or near super critical form as a reaction medium.
  • US Patent Application No. 2002/0156332 claims a method for cracking of waste plastic to obtain partially gasoline, partially liquid hydro carbon.
  • US Patent Application No. 2003/0019789 claims method of conversion of waste plastic into gasoline, kerosene, and diesel oils fractions.
  • US Patent Application No.2003/6504068 claims method for converting plastic waste into oil in a stainless steel reactor.
  • US Patent Application No.2005/0050131260 claims transverse - flow pyrocatalytic reactor for conversion of waste plastic material and scrap rubber.
  • EP Patent Application No.1101812 claims a process for conversion of waste plastic into oily fraction.
  • US Patent Application No.5597451 claims a method of conversion of plastic including PVC into oil by thermal decomposition.
  • EP Patent Application No, 0636674 claims a thermal decomposition apparatus for plastic treatment.
  • US Patent Application No, 5639937 claims for a process for the production of ethylene propylene or C4 olefin or their mixture from waste plastics.
  • US Patent Application No.4515659 claims a process for conversion of waste plastic and waste rubber to olefinic hydrocarbons.
  • International Patent Application No.PCT/IN2004/000366 claims a catalyst composition for catalytic conversion of waste plastic.
  • the pyrolysis process of catalytic cracking of plastic waste containing PET, PVC, packaging plastic waste, foam, rubber have a problem that they produce mainly yellow coloured waxy distillate with terphthalic acid and little or no oil and toxic gases.
  • the said invention a process of depolymerization of rubber waste, plastic waste including PET, PVC, waste oils, foam, synthetic fabric material into hydrocarbon oil (C 4 -C 25 ) using catalyst & additive agent minimizes the above problems and also increases the quantity & quality of hydrocarbon oil products.
  • the present invention describes a process of depolymerization of rubber waste, plastic waste including PET, PVC, waste oils, foam, synthetic fabric material into hydrocarbon fuels (C 4 - C 25 ) using catalyst & additive agent has following advantages :
  • the said catalyst & additive agent increases the rate of quantity of hydrocarbon oil product.
  • the said catalyst & additive agent increase the quality of hydrocarbon fuel.
  • the said catalyst & additive agent carries the depolymerization process at lower temperature range of 250-480 deg C.
  • the said catalyst & additive agent increases the rate of reaction of depolymerization of waste plastic in reactor.
  • the principal object of the invention is to provide a solution for depolymerization of plastic waste including PVC, PET, Polythene, rubber, rubber waste, waste oils, synthetic fabrics, foam and any other type of plastic waste into hydrocarbon oil (olefins from C 4 to C 25 ) and fuel gas using catalyst & additive agent.
  • the additional object of the said invention is to carry out processing of mixed waste without need for segregation.
  • Yet another object of the said invention is to carryout deplymerisation of waste plastic including polyvinyl chloride (PVC), poly ethylene terphthalate (PET), waste rubber without formation of toxic gases, highly corrosive HCl gas, dioxine and waxy mass containing terephthalic acid.
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • PET poly ethylene terphthalate
  • waste rubber without formation of toxic gases, highly corrosive HCl gas, dioxine and waxy mass containing terephthalic acid.
  • the present invention describes a process of depolymerization of waste rubber, thermoplastic wastes including PVC, PET, waste oils, foam, synthetic fabrics into hydrocarbon fuels, wherein a disintegrated plastic waste is subjected to a progressive heating with a catalyst & additive agent in a closed reactor to the temperature considerably less than 500° C typically less than 450 deg C together with catalyst and additive agent.
  • Catalyst comprises of at least one from copper oxides, aluminium oxide, manganese di oxide, silicon oxide, calcium oxide in the proportion 20-70 w/w and at least one from calcium silicate, sodium silicate, aluminium silicate, iron silicate in the proportion of 30-80 w/w.
  • One preferred embodiment of the invention uses a combination of copper oxide and Aluminum Silicate as the catalyst as described below.
  • Additive agent comprises of at least one from ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium acetate, ammonium carbonate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium formate in the proportion of 10-60 w/w and at least one from sodium sulphate, calcium sulphate, magnesium sulphate, aluminium sulphate, potassium sulphate in the proportion of 10-40 w/w and at least one from sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, cadmium nitrate, calcium nitrate, barium nitrate in the proportion of 10-40 w/w.
  • One preferred embodiment of the invention uses a combination of Ammonium Formate, Sodium Nitrate and Calcium Sulphate as the additive as described below.
  • thermoplastic waste including PET/PVC, waste rubber etc without formation of waxy mass containing terephthalic acid, toxic gases, dioxins, highly corrosive HCl gas. It also helps to increase the quality & quantity of the desired out put.
  • the catalyst used is 2 w/w & additive agent used is 8 w/w of the plastic waste taken.
  • the said catalyst is mixture of copper oxide 40 w/w and aluminum silicate 60 w/w.
  • the said additive agent is mixture of ammonium formate 30 w/w, calcium sulphate 40 w/w and sodium nitrate 30 w/w.
  • Depolymerization is carried out near atmospheric pressure and at temperature of 350 0 C.
  • the resulting gaseous hydrocarbons are passed through water condenser.
  • the temperature of water is 20 0 C.
  • the percentage distillate obtained is in 50 w/w of the input material taken.
  • Gas chromatography shows the distillate to be predominantly C 6 -C 10 Olefins and overall range being C 4 -C 25 .
  • the remaining gaseous hydrocarbons are then passed through column containing CaO to absorb Cl 2 and HCl etc
  • the remaining gas is inflammable same as LPG.
  • the percentage of inflammable gas is in the range of 10 w/w of the input material.
  • the residue left over in the catalytic reactor is mainly carbon.
  • the depolymerization of mixture derived from segregation of municipal solid waste containing PET, PVC, PE, PP 5 PU, LDPE, HDPE, ABS, foam, synthetic fabric waste are cut into 2X2 mm pieces and mixed with waste oil and carried out in catalytic reactor.
  • the catalyst used is 4 w/w & additive agent used is 10 w/w of the input weight taken.
  • the said catalyst is mixture of aluminium oxide 20 w/w, silicon oxide 20 w/w, calcium oxide 20 w/w, calcium silicate 20 w/w and aluminum silicate 20 w/w.
  • the said additive agent is mixture of ammonium chloride 20 w/w, aimnonium sulphate 20 w/w, ammonium acetate 20 w/w, ammonium carbonate 20 w/w, ammonium phosphate 10 w/w and calcium nitrate 10 w/w.
  • the cracking is carried out near atmospheric pressure at temperature of 380 0 C.
  • the resulting gaseous hydrocarbons are passed through water condenser.
  • the temperature of water is about 20 0 C.
  • the percentage distillate obtained is 70 w/w of the input material taken.
  • Gas chromatography shows that the distillate is having predominantly C 6 -C 1O olefins and overall range being C 4 -C 25 .
  • the remaining gaseous hydrocarbons are then passed through column containing CaO to absorb Cl 2 and HCl etc
  • the remaining gas is inflammable same as LPG.
  • the percentage of inflammable gas is in the range of 8 w/w of the input material.
  • the residue left over in the catalytic reactor is mainly carbon and ash.
  • the catalyst used is 2 w/w & additive agent used is 4 w/w of the input weight taken.
  • the said catalyst is mixture of aluminium oxide 20 w/w, manganese di oxide 20 w/w, sodium silicate 20 w/w, iron silicate 20 w/w and aluminum silicate 20 w/w.
  • the said additive agent is mixture of ammonium chloride 20 w/w, sodium sulphate 20 w/w, magnesium sulphate 20 w/w, ammonium acetate 10 w/w, potassium sulphate 10 w/w, ammonium sulphate 10 w/w and calcium nitrate 10 w/w.
  • the cracking is carried out near atmospheric pressure at temperature of 400 0 C.
  • the resulting gaseous hydrocarbons are passed through water condenser.
  • the temperature of water is about 20 0 C.
  • the percentage distillate obtained is 50 w/w of the input material taken.
  • Gas chromatography shows that the distillate is having predominantly C 6 -C 10 olefins and overall range being C 4 -C 25 .
  • the remaining gaseous hydrocarbons are then passed through column containing CaO to absorb Cl 2 and HCl etc
  • the remaining gas is inflammable same as LPG.
  • the percentage of inflammable gas is in the range of 10 w/w of the input material.
  • the residue left over in the catalytic reactor is mainly carbon.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)

Abstract

This invention provides a process of depolymerization of rubber waste, plastic waste including PET, PVC, waste oil, foam and synthetic fabric into hydrocarbon fuels. According to this process, rubber waste, plastic waste and other thermoplastic waste are physically disintegrated and then subjected to progressive heating to temperature below 500 deg C. near to atmospehrie pressure together with a catalyst comprising at least one metal oxide and at least one metal silicate and an additive agent comprising of at least one ammonium compound. At least one sulphate compound and at least one nitrate compound. Mixture of catalyst in the proportion below 4 w/w an additive agent in the proportion below 10 w/w of input plastic waste is used. The process of the invention enables depolymerization at considerably lower temperature than existing processes ans allows depolymerization of a wide spectrum of thermoplastic materials 'such' as PET/PVC, eliminating formation of dioxins/toxic gases and terepthalic acid.

Description

DEPOLYMERIZATION OP WASTE RUBBER AND THERMOPLASTICS INCLUDING PVC OR PET INTO HYDROCARBON FUELS
FIELD OF INVENTION
The present invention relates to a process of depolymerization of rubber, rubber waste, Plastic waste including PVC, PET, Polythene, waste oils, foam, synthetic fabrics and all other kinds of plastic/rubber waste into fuel oil and fuel gases by using catalyst & additive agent.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Recycling of plastic waste into other plastic products is a common process but this method has its own limitations. Pyrolysis is another known process of reprocessing of waste plastic materials into hydrocarbons however, pyrolysis of plastic waste containing polyvinyl chloride (PVC) can lead to the formation of toxic gases along with highly corrosive HCl gas and polyethylene terphthalate (PET) can lead to the formation of yellow coloured waxy mass along with toxic gases without formation of hydrocarbon oil or very less quantity of oil.
Attempts have been made in recent years to develop a process of pyrolysis & catalytic cracking of waste plastic without pollution.
US Patent Application No.1999/5951826 claims recycling apparatus for obtaining oil from waste plastic. US Patent Application No.2000/6150577 claims a process of making a VI high lubricating oil from waste plastic containing mainly poly ethylene. US Patent Application No.2000/6107532 claims a process & system for converting plastic waste into oil. US Patent Application No .2000/6011187 claims a method & apparatus for reclaiming oil from waste plastic. US Patent Application No. 2001/6172271 claims method & apparatus for reclaiming oil from waste plastic using sand. US Patent Application No. 2001/6271427 claims method for recovery of carbon & combination of hydrocarbons from polymers, preferably in the form of disposed tyres by pyrolysis in pyrolysis reactor. US Patent Application No. 2002/0006367 claims a method for conversion of plastic waste into oil by reaction using waster in a super critical or near super critical form as a reaction medium. US Patent Application No. 2002/0156332 claims a method for cracking of waste plastic to obtain partially gasoline, partially liquid hydro carbon. US Patent Application No. 2003/0019789 claims method of conversion of waste plastic into gasoline, kerosene, and diesel oils fractions. US Patent Application No.2003/6504068 claims method for converting plastic waste into oil in a stainless steel reactor. US Patent Application No.2005/0050131260 claims transverse - flow pyrocatalytic reactor for conversion of waste plastic material and scrap rubber. EP Patent Application No.1101812 claims a process for conversion of waste plastic into oily fraction. US Patent Application No.5597451 claims a method of conversion of plastic including PVC into oil by thermal decomposition. EP Patent Application No, 0636674 claims a thermal decomposition apparatus for plastic treatment. US Patent Application No, 5639937 claims for a process for the production of ethylene propylene or C4 olefin or their mixture from waste plastics. US Patent Application No.4515659 claims a process for conversion of waste plastic and waste rubber to olefinic hydrocarbons. International Patent Application No.PCT/IN2004/000366 claims a catalyst composition for catalytic conversion of waste plastic.
The above cited patent applications cover a wide spectrum of conversion of waste plastic, PVC, rubber into mixtures of hydrocarbons.
The pyrolysis process of catalytic cracking of plastic waste containing PET, PVC, packaging plastic waste, foam, rubber have a problem that they produce mainly yellow coloured waxy distillate with terphthalic acid and little or no oil and toxic gases. The said invention a process of depolymerization of rubber waste, plastic waste including PET, PVC, waste oils, foam, synthetic fabric material into hydrocarbon oil (C4-C25) using catalyst & additive agent minimizes the above problems and also increases the quantity & quality of hydrocarbon oil products.
As compared with above cited & all other patent applications, the present invention describes a process of depolymerization of rubber waste, plastic waste including PET, PVC, waste oils, foam, synthetic fabric material into hydrocarbon fuels (C4- C25) using catalyst & additive agent has following advantages :
• In presence of new said catalyst and additive agent, depolymerization of all kinds of waste plastic including PET, PVC takes place without formation of waxy mass including terphthalic acid into hydrocarbon fuels.
• In presence of said catalyst and additive agent, the quantity of formation of toxic gases and corrosive HCl gas is very less.
• The said catalyst & additive agent increases the rate of quantity of hydrocarbon oil product.
• The said catalyst & additive agent increase the quality of hydrocarbon fuel.
• The said catalyst & additive agent carries the depolymerization process at lower temperature range of 250-480 deg C.
• The said catalyst & additive agent increases the rate of reaction of depolymerization of waste plastic in reactor.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
The principal object of the invention is to provide a solution for depolymerization of plastic waste including PVC, PET, Polythene, rubber, rubber waste, waste oils, synthetic fabrics, foam and any other type of plastic waste into hydrocarbon oil (olefins from C4 to C25) and fuel gas using catalyst & additive agent.
The additional object of the said invention is to carry out processing of mixed waste without need for segregation.
Yet another object of the said invention is to carryout deplymerisation of waste plastic including polyvinyl chloride (PVC), poly ethylene terphthalate (PET), waste rubber without formation of toxic gases, highly corrosive HCl gas, dioxine and waxy mass containing terephthalic acid.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention describes a process of depolymerization of waste rubber, thermoplastic wastes including PVC, PET, waste oils, foam, synthetic fabrics into hydrocarbon fuels, wherein a disintegrated plastic waste is subjected to a progressive heating with a catalyst & additive agent in a closed reactor to the temperature considerably less than 500° C typically less than 450 deg C together with catalyst and additive agent.
Catalyst comprises of at least one from copper oxides, aluminium oxide, manganese di oxide, silicon oxide, calcium oxide in the proportion 20-70 w/w and at least one from calcium silicate, sodium silicate, aluminium silicate, iron silicate in the proportion of 30-80 w/w. One preferred embodiment of the invention uses a combination of copper oxide and Aluminum Silicate as the catalyst as described below.
Additive agent comprises of at least one from ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium acetate, ammonium carbonate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium formate in the proportion of 10-60 w/w and at least one from sodium sulphate, calcium sulphate, magnesium sulphate, aluminium sulphate, potassium sulphate in the proportion of 10-40 w/w and at least one from sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, cadmium nitrate, calcium nitrate, barium nitrate in the proportion of 10-40 w/w.
One preferred embodiment of the invention uses a combination of Ammonium Formate, Sodium Nitrate and Calcium Sulphate as the additive as described below.
The use of said catalyst & additive agent carries out depolymerization of thermoplastic waste including PET/PVC, waste rubber etc without formation of waxy mass containing terephthalic acid, toxic gases, dioxins, highly corrosive HCl gas. It also helps to increase the quality & quantity of the desired out put.
DETAILD DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is now described with the help of following examples:
Example No 1
The depolymerization of PET (Polyethylene terphthalate) bottles and PVC (polyvinyl chloride) pipe waste cut into 2X2 mm pieces Sc carried out in catalytic reactor. The catalyst used is 2 w/w & additive agent used is 8 w/w of the plastic waste taken. The said catalyst is mixture of copper oxide 40 w/w and aluminum silicate 60 w/w. The said additive agent is mixture of ammonium formate 30 w/w, calcium sulphate 40 w/w and sodium nitrate 30 w/w.
Depolymerization is carried out near atmospheric pressure and at temperature of 3500C.
The resulting gaseous hydrocarbons are passed through water condenser. The temperature of water is 200C.
The percentage distillate obtained is in 50 w/w of the input material taken. Gas chromatography shows the distillate to be predominantly C6-C10 Olefins and overall range being C4-C25.
The remaining gaseous hydrocarbons are then passed through column containing CaO to absorb Cl2 and HCl etc The remaining gas is inflammable same as LPG. The percentage of inflammable gas is in the range of 10 w/w of the input material.
The residue left over in the catalytic reactor is mainly carbon.
Example No 2
The depolymerization of mixture derived from segregation of municipal solid waste containing PET, PVC, PE, PP5 PU, LDPE, HDPE, ABS, foam, synthetic fabric waste are cut into 2X2 mm pieces and mixed with waste oil and carried out in catalytic reactor. The catalyst used is 4 w/w & additive agent used is 10 w/w of the input weight taken. The said catalyst is mixture of aluminium oxide 20 w/w, silicon oxide 20 w/w, calcium oxide 20 w/w, calcium silicate 20 w/w and aluminum silicate 20 w/w. The said additive agent is mixture of ammonium chloride 20 w/w, aimnonium sulphate 20 w/w, ammonium acetate 20 w/w, ammonium carbonate 20 w/w, ammonium phosphate 10 w/w and calcium nitrate 10 w/w.
The cracking is carried out near atmospheric pressure at temperature of 3800C. The resulting gaseous hydrocarbons are passed through water condenser. The temperature of water is about 200C.
The percentage distillate obtained is 70 w/w of the input material taken. Gas chromatography shows that the distillate is having predominantly C6-C1O olefins and overall range being C4-C25.
The remaining gaseous hydrocarbons are then passed through column containing CaO to absorb Cl2 and HCl etc The remaining gas is inflammable same as LPG. The percentage of inflammable gas is in the range of 8 w/w of the input material.
The residue left over in the catalytic reactor is mainly carbon and ash.
Example No 3
The depolymerization of tyre rubber waste cut into 2X2 mm pieces and carried out in catalytic reactor. The catalyst used is 2 w/w & additive agent used is 4 w/w of the input weight taken.
The said catalyst is mixture of aluminium oxide 20 w/w, manganese di oxide 20 w/w, sodium silicate 20 w/w, iron silicate 20 w/w and aluminum silicate 20 w/w. The said additive agent is mixture of ammonium chloride 20 w/w, sodium sulphate 20 w/w, magnesium sulphate 20 w/w, ammonium acetate 10 w/w, potassium sulphate 10 w/w, ammonium sulphate 10 w/w and calcium nitrate 10 w/w.
The cracking is carried out near atmospheric pressure at temperature of 4000C. The resulting gaseous hydrocarbons are passed through water condenser. The temperature of water is about 200C.
The percentage distillate obtained is 50 w/w of the input material taken. Gas chromatography shows that the distillate is having predominantly C6-C10 olefins and overall range being C4-C25.
The remaining gaseous hydrocarbons are then passed through column containing CaO to absorb Cl2 and HCl etc The remaining gas is inflammable same as LPG. The percentage of inflammable gas is in the range of 10 w/w of the input material.
The residue left over in the catalytic reactor is mainly carbon.

Claims

C L A I M S 9
What is claimed is :
L A process of depolymerization of rubber waste, plastic wastes including PET, PVC, waste oil, foam & synthetic fabric into hydrocarbon fuels, wherein a broken plastic waste is subjected to a progressive heating with a catalyst & additive agent in a closed reactor to the temperature below 450° C.
• said catalyst is the mixture of at least one compound chosen from metal oxides 20-70 w/w & at least one compound chosen from metal silicates 30-80 w/w
• said Additive agent is a mixture comprising of at least one ammonium compound 10-60 w/w, at least one sulphate compound 10-40 w/w & at least one nitrate compound 10-60 w/w
• said catalyst is less than 10 w/w and said additive agent is less than 15 w/w
2. A process according to claim 1, characterized in, that said depolymerization is carried out in the range of temperature between 250 to 450 deg C.
3. A process according to claim 1, characterized in, that said catalyst is used in the amount of 2-4 w/w of the waste plastic material.
4. A process according to claim 1, characterized in, that the said additive agent is used in amount of 4-10 w/w of the plastic waste material.
5. A process according to claim 1, characterized in, that the said catalyst comprises of at least one from copper oxides, aluminium oxide, manganese di oxide, silicon oxide, calcium oxide in the proportion 20-70 w/w and at least one from calcium silicate, sodium silicate, aluminium silicate, iron silicate in the proportion of 30-80 w/w.
6. A process according to claim 1, characterized in, that the said additive agent comprises of at least one from ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium acetate, ammonium carbonate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium formate in the proportion of 10-60 w/w and at least one from sodium sulphate, calcium sulphate, magnesium sulphate, aluminium sulphate, potassium sulphate in the proportion of 10-40 w/w and at least one from sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, cadmium nitrate, calcium nitrate, barium nitrate in the proportion of 10-40 w/w.
PCT/IN2006/000241 2006-07-10 2006-07-10 Depolymerization op waste rubber and thermoplastics including pvc or pet into hydrocarbon fuels Ceased WO2008007384A1 (en)

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Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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PCT/IN2006/000241 WO2008007384A1 (en) 2006-07-10 2006-07-10 Depolymerization op waste rubber and thermoplastics including pvc or pet into hydrocarbon fuels

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WO2014062043A1 (en) * 2012-10-18 2014-04-24 Devulco, Uab Devulcanizing agent for production of reclaim rubber powder
US10087130B2 (en) 2015-07-09 2018-10-02 Loop Industries, Inc. Polyethylene terephthalate depolymerization
US9550713B1 (en) 2015-07-09 2017-01-24 Loop Industries, Inc. Polyethylene terephthalate depolymerization
US10640442B2 (en) 2015-07-09 2020-05-05 Loop Industries, Inc. Polyethylene terephthalate depolymerization
WO2017042811A1 (en) * 2015-09-09 2017-03-16 Yissum Research Development Company Of The Hebrew University Of Jerusalem Ltd. Devulcanized rubber, method for its preparation and its use as an absorbent
US20180258252A1 (en) * 2015-09-09 2018-09-13 Yissum Research Development Co Of The Hebrew University Of Jerusalem Ltd. Devulcanized rubber, method for its preparation and its use as an absorbent
US11021589B2 (en) 2017-02-20 2021-06-01 Ikea Supply Ag Polyester textile waste recycling
US11680151B2 (en) 2017-02-20 2023-06-20 Ikea Supply Ag Polyester textile waste recycling
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US12173123B2 (en) 2017-02-20 2024-12-24 Ikea Supply Ag Polyester textile waste recycling
EP3363852A1 (en) * 2017-02-20 2018-08-22 Swerea IVF AB Polyester textile waste recycling
US10252976B1 (en) 2017-09-15 2019-04-09 9449710 Canada Inc. Terephthalic acid esters formation
US10793508B2 (en) 2017-09-15 2020-10-06 9449710 Canada Inc. Terephthalic acid esters formation
US12071519B2 (en) 2017-09-15 2024-08-27 9449710 Canada Inc. Terephthalic acid esters formation
US11866404B2 (en) 2017-09-15 2024-01-09 9449710 Canada Inc. Terephthalic acid esters formation
US11401398B2 (en) 2018-06-25 2022-08-02 9449710 Canada Inc. Terephthalic acid esters formation
US10808096B2 (en) 2018-06-25 2020-10-20 9449710 Canada Inc. Terephthalic acid esters formation
US12071520B2 (en) 2018-06-25 2024-08-27 9449710 Canada Inc. Terephthalic acid esters formation
US12365780B2 (en) 2018-08-17 2025-07-22 Inter Ikea Systems B.V. Polyester textile waste recycling
US11795291B2 (en) 2019-03-20 2023-10-24 9449710 Canada Inc. Process for the depolymerization of polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
US11248103B2 (en) 2019-03-20 2022-02-15 9449710 Canada Inc. Process for the depolymerization of polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
US12415901B2 (en) 2019-03-20 2025-09-16 9449710 Canada Inc. Process for the depolymerization of polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
US12398328B2 (en) 2020-02-10 2025-08-26 Eastman Chemical Company Chemical recycling of processed mixed plastic waste streams
CN115397905A (en) * 2020-04-13 2022-11-25 伊士曼化工公司 Chemical recycling and regenerating device sheet waste
WO2021211506A1 (en) * 2020-04-13 2021-10-21 Eastman Chemical Company Chemical recycling of waste plastic materials with improved solvolysis catalyst
CN111704923A (en) * 2020-06-22 2020-09-25 北京克林泰尔环保科技有限公司 Cracking method of tire rubber for inhibiting generation of dioxin
WO2025085700A1 (en) * 2023-10-20 2025-04-24 The Research Foundation For The State University Of New York Plastic processing using subcritical/supercritical fluids

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