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WO2008006364A2 - Carburants et mélanges de fumée destinés à rafraîchir le climat et dispositifs destinés à produire de tels mélanges de fumée - Google Patents

Carburants et mélanges de fumée destinés à rafraîchir le climat et dispositifs destinés à produire de tels mélanges de fumée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008006364A2
WO2008006364A2 PCT/DE2007/001268 DE2007001268W WO2008006364A2 WO 2008006364 A2 WO2008006364 A2 WO 2008006364A2 DE 2007001268 W DE2007001268 W DE 2007001268W WO 2008006364 A2 WO2008006364 A2 WO 2008006364A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
smoke
iron
fuel
sulfur
content
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DE2007/001268
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2008006364A3 (fr
Inventor
Franz Dietrich Oeste
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE112007001711T priority Critical patent/DE112007001711A5/de
Priority to DE212007000049U priority patent/DE212007000049U1/de
Publication of WO2008006364A2 publication Critical patent/WO2008006364A2/fr
Publication of WO2008006364A3 publication Critical patent/WO2008006364A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
    • C10L1/1208—Inorganic compounds elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
    • C10L1/1233—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof
    • C10L1/1241—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof metal carbonyls
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
    • C10L1/1886—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof naphthenic acid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/24—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium
    • C10L1/2406—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium mercaptans; hydrocarbon sulfides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/24—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium
    • C10L1/2431—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium sulfur bond to oxygen, e.g. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10L1/2437—Sulfonic acids; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfonamides, sulfosuccinic acid esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/28—Organic compounds containing silicon
    • C10L1/285—Organic compounds containing silicon macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/30—Organic compounds compounds not mentioned before (complexes)
    • C10L1/301—Organic compounds compounds not mentioned before (complexes) derived from metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/30—Organic compounds compounds not mentioned before (complexes)
    • C10L1/305—Organic compounds compounds not mentioned before (complexes) organo-metallic compounds (containing a metal to carbon bond)

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel whose massive combustion and the resulting smoke to contribute to the air conditioning cooling is to be made.
  • Such a climate-effective smoke is z. B. achieved by combustion of a fuel according to the invention according to claim 1, which has a sulfur content of at least 10 mg / kg and an iron content of at least 0.5 mg / kg. It is surprising that this disproportionately effective cooling effect already starts at these values. Particularly massive then makes the cooling effect at iron levels in the fuel of the invention of 5 mg / kg iron and above and 10 mg / kg of sulfur and noticeable above and then increases further with increasing iron and sulfur contents of the fuel continuously.
  • a fuel should be both pure fuel burned to produce smoke but also fuels are understood that are used in internal combustion engines and turbines to drive vehicles.
  • Such propellants can be systematically used in airplanes to cover high traffic areas (eg, transatlantic air traffic routes) with a low-emission smoke layer.
  • Fuels that produce smoke that contains the iron predominantly in water-insoluble form are not among the preferred fuels because it has become known that impaired lung function may occur upon inhalation of solid, water-insoluble, iron-containing particles. This is usually not the case if the iron content does not more than double the sulfur content in the fuel. Wherever the smoke emissions generated by the fuels according to the invention can act on urban areas on a short path between emission and immission, it is therefore preferred that the fuel or the smoke mixture according to the invention is characterized in that its iron content at most that Should be twice the weight of the sulfur content contained therein.
  • the smoke emission takes from the fuels of the invention formed sulfur and iron-containing smoke there in the atmosphere sulfur compounds and other substances such. As chlorides, chlorine, nitrates, nitrogen oxides, etc. on binding as soluble or dissolved iron salts. Therefore, for the formation of the smoke according to the invention, the remote from the place of immission, such. B. is released over the open ocean or at high altitude, readily select an iron content in the fuel, which exceeds its sulfur content by more than double, since in such cases the immission of iron-containing, water-insoluble particles is restricted or can not occur.
  • a preferred variant of the fuels according to the invention contains a sulfur content of at most 100 g / kg and an iron content of at most 100 g / kg.
  • the fuel contains the iron as an oil-soluble substance, such as. B. as ferrocene, ferrocene derivatives, iron carbonyls, iron naphthenates, iron soaps and other organic bond.
  • the sulfur is preferably present therein as an oil-soluble sulfur compound, e.g. In the form of elemental sulfur, carbon disulfide, organic sulfides and disulfides, organic polysulfides, organic sulfonic acids, organic sulfonates, organic sulfoxides, hydrogen sulfide, mercaptans and other organic bonds.
  • the smoke from the fuels according to the invention can be enriched with chlorine-containing substances, preferably with hydrogen chloride. This can z. B. done by adding halogenated organic substances to the fuel. The smoke formed in the excess of oxygen is dioxin-free.
  • alkalis may be added to the fuel, e.g. As alkali and alkaline earth metal soaps, alkali or Erdalkalikronen- ether complexes, but also additives of silicon and / or titanium-organic compounds, such as. As silicone oils and titanocene.
  • the combustion of the latter non-alkalis also forms nitrides, from which ammonia is formed by hydrolysis as alkali.
  • the fuels according to the invention are distinguished above all by the advantage that the smoke released by them can not or only very limited lead to the formation of strongly acidic precipitates, because the smoke aerosol of the flue gases wholly or at least partially in the form of Salts or saline solutions at the immission affected and not or only partially as acid.
  • a climate-friendly smoke is also produced when mixing the smoke from the separate combustion of several fuels containing different amounts of sulfur and iron.
  • the decisive factor is that the respective sulfur and iron contents are chosen so that the smoke mixture has a sulfur and iron content, as present in a combustion of a fuel according to claim 1 to 3.
  • Smoke from the combustion of the fuels according to the invention or the smoke mixtures according to the invention can be produced in many ways. It is easiest to achieve by burning the combustion Substances in engines or turbines of ships and aircraft.
  • Another option is z. B. the pure combustion of fuels containing a mixture of elemental sulfur and solid organo-iron compounds such.
  • Fer- rocen contain, or the respective separate combustion of fuels, each containing only one of said substances, wherein their smoke is then mixed to a smoke mixture according to the invention.
  • Both the separate combustion of solid or liquid fuels and the combustion of fuels according to the invention can, for. B. done according to the candle wick principle.
  • the smoke is formed in the troposphere or in the stratosphere.
  • the preferred fuels of the invention include mixtures of oil-soluble iron compounds with sulfur-containing petroleum raffinates such as. As diesel oils, kerosene, with elemental sulfur, carbon disulfide and hydrogen sulfide and other combustible sulfur compounds.
  • the combustion devices for generating the smoke from the fuels according to the invention or for the formation of the smoke mixtures according to the invention may also be arranged on balloons, on drilling rigs or other z. B. purpose-built for this purpose flying, floating or land-based facilities. Hot air balloons are preferred for the balloons. Preferred hot gas is heated air. The hot gas may, for. B. by transferring the heat released in the combustion of sulfur and iron-containing fuels to the air.
  • the combustion of fuels according to the invention, in the form of solutions, melts or aerosols may also be e.g. B. happen with oil burners. Gaseous sulfur phases, such as. As hydrogen sulfide, can be burned together with liquid iron-organic phases by the liquid phase is atomized in the gaseous phase and then subsequently burned.
  • the smoke aerosol causes accelerated Rußagglomeration and oxidation. This minimizes soot-induced atmospheric heating.
  • the smoke accelerates generating sulfuric acid, sulfate and iron-containing, water vapor-binding aerosol particles.
  • clouds with a high degree of whiteness are formed, which reflect the sunlight with high efficiency.
  • the smoke causes intensified chemical and photochemical reactions with the atmospheres chloride, sulfur and chlorine containing organic compounds, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen peroxide, organic acids, water vapor, nitrogen oxides and sunlight. This causes its enrichment with chlorine, hydroxyl and nitrogen-containing radicals in a particularly high yield. Of these, in particular the chlorine and hydroxyl radicals accelerate the methane degradation.
  • the smoke has an intensified catalytic and photocatalytic oxidation acceleration of the organic atmosphere to carbon dioxide, without breaking down those hydroxyl radicals which in the smoke-free region decompose the organic Atmospheres are consumed. This in turn accelerates methane degradation.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

Combustibles ou carburants et mélanges de fumée destinés à rafraîchir le climat, qui présentent une teneur en soufre d'au moins 10 mg/kg et une teneur en fer d'au moins 0,5 mg/kg.
PCT/DE2007/001268 2006-07-13 2007-07-13 Carburants et mélanges de fumée destinés à rafraîchir le climat et dispositifs destinés à produire de tels mélanges de fumée Ceased WO2008006364A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE112007001711T DE112007001711A5 (de) 2006-07-13 2007-07-13 Brennstoffe und Rauchgemische zur Klimakühlung und Vorrichtungen zur Herstellung eines solchen Rauchgemisches
DE212007000049U DE212007000049U1 (de) 2006-07-13 2007-07-13 Brennstoffe und Rauchgemische zur Klimakühlung und Vorrichtungen zur Herstellung eines solchen Rauchgemisches

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006032653.9 2006-07-13
DE102006032653 2006-07-13
DE102006040108 2006-08-28
DE102006040108.5 2006-08-28
DE102007022685.5 2007-05-11
DE102007022685A DE102007022685A1 (de) 2006-07-13 2007-05-11 Verbrennungsabgase zur Klimakühlung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008006364A2 true WO2008006364A2 (fr) 2008-01-17
WO2008006364A3 WO2008006364A3 (fr) 2008-03-06

Family

ID=38800772

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE2007/001268 Ceased WO2008006364A2 (fr) 2006-07-13 2007-07-13 Carburants et mélanges de fumée destinés à rafraîchir le climat et dispositifs destinés à produire de tels mélanges de fumée

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (3) DE102007022685A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008006364A2 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009004281A1 (de) 2008-01-21 2009-07-23 Franz Dietrich Oeste Klimakühlende Feststoff- und Gasverbrennung
WO2010075856A2 (fr) 2009-01-02 2010-07-08 Ries, Ernst Procédé pour refroidir la troposphère
DE102011108433A1 (de) 2011-07-26 2013-01-31 Franz Dietrich Meyer-Oeste Klimakühlung mittels dampfförmiger hydrophober Eisenverbindungen

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024062112A1 (fr) * 2022-09-23 2024-03-28 University Of Copenhagen Procédé de quantification d'élimination de méthane

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6312656B1 (en) * 1995-12-19 2001-11-06 Corning Incorporated Method for forming silica by combustion of liquid reactants using oxygen
US6530966B1 (en) * 2000-06-16 2003-03-11 Anthony J. Kriech Coal binder compositions and methods
CN100579630C (zh) * 2001-07-31 2010-01-13 欧内斯特·赖尔斯 添加了生命元素和/或保护物质的对流层容积元素

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009004281A1 (de) 2008-01-21 2009-07-23 Franz Dietrich Oeste Klimakühlende Feststoff- und Gasverbrennung
WO2010075856A2 (fr) 2009-01-02 2010-07-08 Ries, Ernst Procédé pour refroidir la troposphère
DE102009059005A1 (de) 2009-01-02 2010-08-19 Franz Dietrich Meyer-Oeste Klimakühlung mit eisenhaltigen Salzgemisch-Aerosolen
WO2010075856A3 (fr) * 2009-01-02 2010-09-16 Ries, Ernst Procédé pour refroidir la troposphère
RU2511252C2 (ru) * 2009-01-02 2014-04-10 РИС Эрнст Способ охлаждения тропосферы
US9456557B2 (en) 2009-01-02 2016-10-04 Ernst Ries Method for cooling the troposphere
DE102011108433A1 (de) 2011-07-26 2013-01-31 Franz Dietrich Meyer-Oeste Klimakühlung mittels dampfförmiger hydrophober Eisenverbindungen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE112007001711A5 (de) 2009-04-16
DE102007022685A1 (de) 2008-01-17
WO2008006364A3 (fr) 2008-03-06
DE212007000049U1 (de) 2009-05-14

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