WO2008000890A1

WO2008000890A1 - Electrical generator with movable stator

Info

Publication number: WO2008000890A1
Application number: PCT/FI2007/000180
Authority: WO
Inventors: Matti Rapo
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2006-06-30
Filing date: 2007-06-27
Publication date: 2008-01-03
Anticipated expiration: 2008-12-30
Also published as: EP2038987A1; FI20060633A0; FI20060633L; FI121203B

Abstract

A force is conventionally produced, the effect of which is designated with the letter F. It is considered obvious that the provided force is the producer of the force effect F. Equivalently is constituted a counterforce the effect of which is designated with -F but the producer of the force (-F) is unknown. Because both force effects F/-F have individual producers (when a force effect occurs, it is known that it has its producers), also the producer of -F is utilised. Equal operational preconditions are constituted for both force effects and their producers. The prototype combination consists of two generators (G1/G2) of equal power in which stators (S1/S2) are freely rotating like rotors (R1/R2). Shafts (A) of the rotors extend to support bearings (T). In a usual way, the effect F of the provided force is conveyed to the rotor (R1). The stators being freely rotating, the (S1) leans on the rotor (R2) for constituting a (conventional) effect -F of the counterforce. The (S2) implements the force effect -F which occurs as the normal operation of the stator i.e. production of electricity. The stator (S2) being coupled by means of the pulley (MA) back to the (S1), dynamic force effects/producers and their operations are joined to a force pair. When both independent forces and force effects F/-F are utilised as dynamic, a new level of efficiency is achieved.

Description

ELECTRICAL GENERATOR WITH MOVABLE STATOR

This invention relates to action utilising a force and a counterforce according to the preamble of claim 1.

In practice with present knowledge and technique, a force and a counterforce are produced conventionally by developing (e.g. by a turbine) a force F which is conveyed (e.g. by a generator) and by means of which electric power is produced according to the efficiency of <1. Simultaneously, support or fastening structures constitute a counterforce -F.

With a renewed device arrangement and method related to the invention, equal operational preconditions are constituted for both force effects F/-F and their producers. Also force effect -F is utilised as dynamic as well as its (-F) producer.

The laws of motion were defined in an era when "the origin of force was unknown. The effect of forces F and -F was observed."

In accordance with present knowledge, it is consistent that the third law of motion can also be stated as: "Whenever a body exerts a force F (action)" known of its origin "on another body, the latter exerts a force -F (reaction) equal in magnitude but opposite in direction on the former". (Quote from the original: Encyclopaedia Otava).

When the force effects F and -F are examined, it is known that they are equal in magnitude. The only difference is that they are opposite.

Based on the above, it is possible to deduce the following by examining the force effects F and -F: the effect F of a force known of its origin versus the effect F of a force known of its origin from which follows: the effects F and (-F in the form of F) of both forces are known.

Thus, a situation is generated in which there are two effects of a known force as the effects of F and -F are known to be.

Conclusion no 1 : it has been proven, as the force effect F replaces the force effect -F, that the essence of -F is equal with F. Furthermore, both force effects F and (-F = F) are known when it will be stated: in the examination, there are two (2) known forces/force effects.

In the examination when F and (-F = F) act, the effect is the outputs of two known force effects, whereby the outcome of F and (-F = F) is a result of the force pair deductable in advance. No productional additional value is gained.

Conclusion no 2: the empirical definition of the efficiency of <1 applies only to the force/force effect F.

The force effects F and -F have their individual producers, the producer of F is known of its origin (a combustion motor, a turbine, a windmill etc.). As is known, the effect of the force does not exist without its producer, thus the producer of -F can be verified.

As a logical result of the above chain of deduction, the method and prototype device (combination) to be described below verify the producer of the force effect -F, the force effects F and -F being dynamic, when producing more (electric) power by their producers and without being inconsistent with the empirical efficiency <1.

The above theory is implemented to practice by utilising two electric aggregates of the same power. They are set on a base generators opposite close to each other. When using aggregates, they are found to rotate in opposite directions. The structure is altered by removing the generators. A new generator is arranged instead so that the rotor of one removed generator is replaced by a rotor of a replacement generator and the other is replaced by its stator. The rotor and the stator are combined to an operating generator with necessary additional structures. The control of the current of the stator becoming rotating is implemented conventionally e.g. by sliding rings. The outputs/speeds of revolution of the rotor and the stator rotating in opposite directions and the combustion motors are arranged to correspond optimal output. In use, this generator produces electric power in a usual way. Because also the second producer of the force pair has been implemented as dynamic, a conventional static counterforce (fasteners, lugs etc.) is unnecessary.

The structural arrangement described above and the forces produced by the combustion motors prove that the "force effect" F (the rotor) and the "counterforce effect" -F (the stator) are equal as dynamic, the effects of which in theory as static have been commonly approved of according to the third law of motion.

Structure of prototype device

The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in which Figs. 1 and 2 show prototype apparatuses according to the invention.

The structure of a prototype device required for verifying the method being the object of the invention consists of two generators G1 and G2 of the same power.

The following alterations according to known and conventional machine-shop technique are required. Shafts A of rotors R1 and R2 of the G1 and G2 penetrate their end plates and extend to their external support bearings T. Stators S1 and S2 as well as the rotors R1 and R2 are balanced and are thus bearing-mounted freely rotating.

The produced electric current is conveyed from the stators S1 and S2 e.g. by means of conventional slide rings (not shown in the drawing).

Furthermore, the following (belt) pulleys are required for transmitting forces/force effects. A conventional P1 on the shaft of the rotor R1 for bringing the force effect F known of its origin to the G1. On the shaft of the rotor R2 of the G2, P2 = P1. On the outer race of the stators S1 and S2, there are fixedly arranged larger pulleys H1/H2. The pulley H1 of the stator S1 is in connection with the pulley P2 of the rotor R2. On the stator S1 , there is further a smaller pulley MA for conveying the producer of the counterforce -F for utilisation from the stator S2 with the pulley H2.

It should be noted: the conventionally known force -F is opposite to the force F. As dynamic e.g. in a rotating state, -F is opposite to F, but equal of its direction of effect with F.

Structural environment

The test apparatus is a test bench for generators in order to control and measure the operations of the G1. For the G2, there is a separate "portable" loading and measuring unit for examining operations when the generator is located at its "use site". The structure of the test bench has been altered for having the G1 and the G2 for joint use for the loading and measuring. The internal, electricity producing operation of the G1/G2 is utilised as usual. (Fig. 1 )

In the comparison measurement, the G1 is locked and the loading and measuring take place as originally was intended. The current taken by the test bench is measured from a three-phase current (phase) with a separate instrument. The share of the test bench is deducted from the input current. In the final input-output comparison, there are the output of the G1 locked, and the output of the combination G1/G2 freely rotating in the dynamic effect environment of the F and -F force effects/producers.

The measurements were checked "crosswise" for ensuring the equivalence of the results.

Forces and device in renewed use

The operation of the combination starts in a usual way. The motor of the test bench is switched on, whereby the rotor R1 of the G1 starts to rotate by means of the pulley P1. The stator S1 does not rotate due to power losses. When the speed of revolution is increased, the G1 reaches the output threshold, starts producing current, and also the stator S1 starts rotating in the same direction.

Then also the rotor R2 of the G2 rotates by means of the pulleys H1/P2. Furthermore when the S1 rotates, the stator S2 rotates by means of the pulleys

MA/H2. When increasing the speed of revolution further, also the G2 reaches the output threshold, whereby the G1 and the G2 produce independently. By adjusting the speed of revolution and the independent loading, the production of currents of the G1/G2 is controlled as well as a comparison is made of the input current of the test bench.

As dynamic, the forces/effects R1→S1 , S1→R2, R2→S2, S2→MA, MA (S1)→R1 act in the same direction.

Conclusion no 3: the effect F is utilised when R1-→S1 operates. The -F effect is realised as the result of operations S1→R2→S2. The producer of -F is created S2→MA when it is utilised by "lessening" the work of the producer of F in the same ratio MA (S1)→R1. As the end result, when the free dynamic operation of the producers of two force effects F and -F prevails, a force pair is constituted and the output/effectiveness is realised at a new level.

Aim of test measurements

The aim is to show that, loaded with the same input current, the prototype combination produces, despite increased power losses, a greater amount of current compared with a conventional generator arrangement. The aim and the proof for the described argument are considered reached when the level of conventional output-input of the G1 (locked) is exceeded. That is, the new method and the prototype device produce a greater amount of current also when the -F force effect/producer is utilised as dynamic.

Performance

The comparison measurement is summed up in one comparison of results. The starting point is the G1 locked i.e. normal measurement for rated current which is 55 A from the type plate. When the above-mentioned output of 55 A has been reached according to the testing instructions of the test bench, the current taken by the test bench is read. This is the starting point of the comparison. In an alternative situation, the G1 is released and the G1 and the G2 are free to rotate in a way described above. When the output thresholds are exceeded, they both produce, whereby a balance of outputs is achieved between the G1/G2 by adjusting the independent loading/speed of revolution. By increasing the loading/speed of revolution, the same value of input current is reached in the loading of the test bench as it were in the G1 locked situation. The values of currents produced by the G1 and the G2 are added up.

Due to the structures of the prototype device, the amounts of currents produced by the G1 and the G2 have been printed only until the argument has been proven. The same method and the optimal (proto) structure implemented in a unit aiming at a better output achieves a similar result at a new efficiency level.

Result

Input Output

3-phase/380 V Direct current

G1 locked 2.3 A 55 A

G1/G2 Proto 2.3 A 35 A + 35 A 7O A

Calculated power

G1 locked At measuring moment 13 .0 V x 55 A = 715 W

G1/G2 Proto At measurinα moment 13 .0 V x 70 A = 910 W

Power given by test bench (input power)

3-phase/380 V At measuring moment 1.73 x 380 V x 2.3 A x 0.82 = 1 ,240 W

When comparing the results calculatorily, it can be stated that the G1 locked reaches an efficiency which is normally reported for this generator type.

G1 locked 715 W / 1 ,240 W = 0.58

G1/G2 Proto 910 W / 1 ,240 W = 0.73

Measurements were implemented at 3,000 ± 500 rpm. G1 in normal conditions max. output « 62 A / >12,000 rpm.

Fig. 2 shows a prototype apparatus for examining a force and a counterforce, in which apparatus there is a generator G1 in which there are a rotor R1 and a stator S1 , and in which apparatus there are structures for conveying an electric current, in which apparatus there is a motor for rotating the generator G1 by means of a pulley P1 in it with a known force effect F, that in the apparatus there are one generator G1 and a secondary shaft for utilising dynamic F/-F forces, whereby, when a requirement of a counterforce -F is created in the stator S1 of the generator, it is guided to the secondary shaft on which meet the effect -F/producer and the effective effect of the -F producer is conveyed back to the twin wheel of the rotor R1 of the generator G1, and that in the apparatus there are one generator G1 and a secondary shaft, whereby, when a requirement of a counterforce -F is created in the stator S1 , it is guided to the secondary shaft on which meet the effect -F/producer and the effective effect of the -F producer is conveyed by means of a controlling clutch back to the pulley MA of the stator S1.

Claims

1. A prototype apparatus for examining a force and a counterforce, in which apparatus there are two generators (G 1 and G2) in which there are rotors (R1 and R2) and stators (S 1 and S2), and which generators are coupled to each other with a pulley transmission, in which generators there are end plates, in which apparatus there are structures for conveying electric current, in which apparatus there is a motor for rotating the generator (G1 ) by means of a pulley (P1 ) in it with a known force effect (F), characterised in that shafts (A) of the rotors (R1 and R2) extend outside their end plates, to support bearings (T), the stators (S1 and S2) are balanced freely rotating, in the stators (S1 and S2) are arranged pulleys (MA, H1 and H2) for coupling them to a pulley (MA and P2) of the other so that the pulley (H1 ) of the stator of the (G1 ) is coupled to the pulley (P2) of the rotor (R2) of one generator (G2) for implementing a counterforce effect (-F) and the pulley (H2) of the stator (S2) of another generator (G2) is coupled to the pulley (MA) of the stator of the first generator for utilising the counterforce producer in the stator (S1 ).

2. A prototype apparatus for examining a force and a counterforce, in which apparatus there is the generator (G1 ) in which there is the rotor (R1 ) and the stator (S 1 ), and in which apparatus there are structures for conveying electric current, in which apparatus there is the motor for rotating the generator (G1 ) by means of the pulley (P1 ) with the known force effect (F), characterised in that, in the apparatus for utilising dynamic F/-F forces, there are one generator (G 1 ) and a secondary shaft, whereby, when a demand for a counterforce .(-F) is created in the stator (S1 ) of the generator, it is guided to the secondary shaft on which meet the effect -F/producer and the effective effect of the -F producer is conveyed back to a twin pulley of the rotor (R1 ) of the generator (G 1 ).

3. An apparatus according to claim 2, characterised in that, in the apparatus, there is one generator (G 1 ) and a secondary shaft, whereby, when a demand for a counterforce (-F) is created in the stator (S1 ) of the generator, it is guided to the secondary shaft in which meet the effect -F/producer and the effective effect of the -F producer is conveyed by means of a controlling coupler back to the pulley (MA)ofthestator(SI).