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WO2008082389A1 - Détecteur de radiation personnel avec capacité directionnelle - Google Patents

Détecteur de radiation personnel avec capacité directionnelle Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2008082389A1
WO2008082389A1 PCT/US2006/049589 US2006049589W WO2008082389A1 WO 2008082389 A1 WO2008082389 A1 WO 2008082389A1 US 2006049589 W US2006049589 W US 2006049589W WO 2008082389 A1 WO2008082389 A1 WO 2008082389A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
radiation detector
radiation
portable
detector
person
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2006/049589
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Andrew J. Zillner
Gregory A. Johnson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Aerojet Rocketdyne of DE Inc
Original Assignee
Pratt and Whitney Rocketdyne Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pratt and Whitney Rocketdyne Inc filed Critical Pratt and Whitney Rocketdyne Inc
Priority to PCT/US2006/049589 priority Critical patent/WO2008082389A1/fr
Publication of WO2008082389A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008082389A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T7/00—Details of radiation-measuring instruments
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
    • G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
    • G01T1/167—Measuring radioactive content of objects, e.g. contamination

Definitions

  • Radiation detectors are used to detect the presence of radioactive material.
  • the classic Geiger counter or Geiger-Muller counter
  • the tube is sealed, with a wire running along the length of the tube, and filled with an inert gas, like argon.
  • an inert gas like argon.
  • solid state radiation detectors using crystals of germanium, silicon and cadmium telluride have been developed. Solid state radiation detectors have the advantage of being smaller and consuming less power than radiation detectors like the Geiger counter.
  • U.S. Patent No. 3,454,770 shows a radiation detector for battlefield use that is placed in the barrel of a tank's gun. The barrel shields radiation from all sides except the opening of the gun.
  • U.S. Patent No. 3,942,009 discloses a radiation detector with a honeycomb- like panel in front of it. The material of the panel absorbs radiation and thereby restricts the viewing angle of the detector.
  • the invention disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,665,970 sandwiches two materials with different atomic numbers around a radiation detector. It uses the difference in the count rate of photo-Compton electrons in the two materials to calculate the direction from which the radiation originates.
  • Another way to provide directionality of a radiation detector is to surround the radiation detector with shielding, allowing radiation to enter the detector through a small, unshielded opening.
  • Such radiation shielding can be quite heavy and bulky.
  • a personal, portable radiation detector should be small, light and easy to transport. However, it is difficult to build small, lightweight radiation detectors. The detectors themselves can be large and heavy. Radiation detectors need a power supply, and batteries will add to their weight. Smaller, lighter solid state detectors present problems as well.
  • the germanium crystals of a germanium-based radiation detector for instance, must be cooled to very low temperatures with liquid nitrogen. This sort of cooling apparatus also adds to the bulk and weight of the radiation detector.
  • a portable personal radiation detector in the area of civil defense.
  • a small portable personal radiation detector can be used to search luggage and backpacks at airports or the trunks of cars that border checkpoints.
  • terrorists may attempt to hide a small nuclear weapon in the trunk of a car or some other location before it is detonated.
  • Even more portable are "dirty bombs," which are made by surrounding conventional explosives with radioactive material. Upon detonating the explosives, the radioactive material is spread over a large area.
  • a portable personal radiation detector with directional capability may allow them to locate the weapon before it detonates. After an explosion involving radioactive materials, such as a dirty bomb, civil defense authorities could use portable personal radiation detectors with directional capability to locate radioactive residue that must be removed. Thus, there is a need for a small, portable personal radiation detector with directional capability. Adding directional capability to the radiation detector, however, should not increase its size or weight, or at least minimize the added bulk. In addition, if the device is to be used in the field by civil defense authorities, the directional capabilities of the radiation detector should be simple and easy to use.
  • the present invention is a portable personal radiation detector with directional capability.
  • a conventional radiation detector is placed on a user's body and the user's body shields the detector from radiation from at least one direction.
  • Two or more detectors can also be used in combination to provide additional directional capability.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows the invention of FIG. 1 placed in exemplary locations on a user.
  • FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the invention that utilizes additional radiation shielding.
  • FIG. 4 shows multiple radiation detectors according to the invention used in combination to provide additional directional capability.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the invention.
  • Radiation detector 100 is a conventional radiation detector that is small enough and light enough to be carried by a person. Radiation detector 100 is placed somewhere on the body of person 110. For example, in FIG. 1 radiation detector 100 is located on the chest of person 110. In practice, radiation detector 100 might be connected to a lanyard that is worn around the neck of person 110, so that the radiation detector hangs in front of chest of person 110. Alternatively, radiation detector 100 may be connected to person 110 in any practical manner, such as a strap, a pin, a clip, a belt, an adhesive, or a Velcro® hook and loop fastener attached to a shirt, vest, jacket, pants, hats, shoes, gloves or other articles worn by person
  • Radiation is blocked by the human body.
  • Person 110 shields at least one side of radiation detector 100 from a significant amount of radiation.
  • radiation detector 100 when used as shown in FIG. 1 , has directional capability. However, adding this directional capability does not add any significant weight to radiation detector 100.
  • person 110 may be a military or homeland security officer using radiation detector 100.
  • a source of radiation such as a hidden nuclear weapon or dirty bomb
  • person 110 can move about until radiation detector 100 detects some radiation.
  • a stronger reading is obtained by radiation detector 100 when person 110 faces the source of the radiation.
  • person 110 will detect a stronger reading when facing the direction of the radiation source.
  • the direction of the stronger reading is the direction of the radioactive source. This will allow person 110 to more quickly and accurately locate the source of radiation than by using a conventional handheld radiation detector.
  • radiation detector 100 is shown in exemplary locations on person 110, such as the chest, head, wrist, waist and leg.
  • the number and location of the detectors is purely exemplary. A person might wear any number of radiation detectors located on any part of his or her body and still fall within the scope of this invention.
  • Radiation detector 110 may be supported proximate to person 110 by a strap, band, lanyard, necklace or other supporting structure. Radiation detector 110 may also be attached to the clothing of person 110, such as a shirt, vest or jacket, or it may be attached to accessories such as a hat or cap.
  • FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the invention. In FIG. 2, shielding 130 has been added to one or more sides of radiation detector 100.
  • Shielding 130 shields radiation detector 100 from radiation in additional directions than the body of person 110. Shielding 130 improves the directionality of radiation detector 100 at the cost of adding additional weight to radiation detector 100. Radiation detector 100 is shown as a square by way of example, but in practice it may also be circular, rectangular, or any other shape that is practical. Shielding 130 may be located around some or all of the perimeter or circumference of radiation detector 110. Shielding 130 may also be located on some or all of the front surface or back surface of radiation detector 110.
  • FIG. 4 shows a method by which two or more portable personal radiation detector with directional capability can be used to locate a radiation source.
  • two or more radiation detectors 100 are worn by two people. Radiation detector 100 will provide a higher reading when facing radiation source 150 than when facing away from radiation source 150. By rotating their bodies until they both obtain a strong reading, the two people wearing radiation detector 100 can determine the location of radiation source 150.
  • FIG. 4 shows two radiation detectors worn by two people, any number of radiation detectors and any number of people can be used. Alternatively, a single person could use multiple radiation detectors, like one on each wrist, and achieve the same result. People wearing radiation detectors 100 could communicate with each other to compare readings from their detectors, either by speaking to each other directly, or using radios or telephones. Alternatively, radiation detectors 100 could be connected to circuitry and software that allows the radiation detectors to communicate directly using radio, infrared or some other appropriate communication technology.
  • the invention is a portable personal radiation detector that uses the human body to shield a portion of the radiation detector to achieve directionality.
  • the radiation detector may be positioned on any part of the human body that provides sufficient shielding of the radiation detector. When the detector is facing a radiation source, it will provide a higher reading then when the body blocks the radiation detector from the radiation source.
  • multiple radiation detectors can be used to triangulate the source of radiation.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un détecteur de radiation portable et directionnel placé près du corps d'une personne. Le corps de l'utilisateur protège le détecteur de radiation des radiations dans au moins une direction, fournissant ainsi la direction au détecteur de radiations. Le détecteur peut être fixé par un clip ou une sangle autour de n'importe quelle partie du corps, comme la poitrine, la taille, un membre ou une cheville. Il peut aussi être fixé par un clip ou une sangle sur la tête ou un chapeau. Plusieurs détecteurs directionnels peuvent servir à trianguler la position d'une source de radiations.
PCT/US2006/049589 2006-12-28 2006-12-28 Détecteur de radiation personnel avec capacité directionnelle Ceased WO2008082389A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2006/049589 WO2008082389A1 (fr) 2006-12-28 2006-12-28 Détecteur de radiation personnel avec capacité directionnelle

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2006/049589 WO2008082389A1 (fr) 2006-12-28 2006-12-28 Détecteur de radiation personnel avec capacité directionnelle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008082389A1 true WO2008082389A1 (fr) 2008-07-10

Family

ID=39588899

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2006/049589 Ceased WO2008082389A1 (fr) 2006-12-28 2006-12-28 Détecteur de radiation personnel avec capacité directionnelle

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2008082389A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3273273A1 (fr) * 2016-07-20 2018-01-24 Tokuyama Corporation Détecteur de neutrons portable
WO2018148817A1 (fr) * 2017-02-14 2018-08-23 Kai Kaletsch Procédé et système de détection de rayonnement directionnel

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3454770A (en) * 1966-10-18 1969-07-08 Us Army Directional radiation detector
US3548207A (en) * 1969-08-15 1970-12-15 Us Army Directional radiation detector
US3638017A (en) * 1969-12-23 1972-01-25 Atomic Energy Commission Thermoluminescent dosimeter encoding and readout method
US3942009A (en) * 1974-08-23 1976-03-02 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Directional radiation detector
US5008548A (en) * 1989-08-01 1991-04-16 Nahum Gat Personal UV radiometer
US5665970A (en) * 1996-07-03 1997-09-09 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Directional radiation detector and imager
US7148483B1 (en) * 2004-01-30 2006-12-12 Testardi Louis R Fast, simple radiation detector

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3454770A (en) * 1966-10-18 1969-07-08 Us Army Directional radiation detector
US3548207A (en) * 1969-08-15 1970-12-15 Us Army Directional radiation detector
US3638017A (en) * 1969-12-23 1972-01-25 Atomic Energy Commission Thermoluminescent dosimeter encoding and readout method
US3942009A (en) * 1974-08-23 1976-03-02 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Directional radiation detector
US5008548A (en) * 1989-08-01 1991-04-16 Nahum Gat Personal UV radiometer
US5665970A (en) * 1996-07-03 1997-09-09 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Directional radiation detector and imager
US7148483B1 (en) * 2004-01-30 2006-12-12 Testardi Louis R Fast, simple radiation detector

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3273273A1 (fr) * 2016-07-20 2018-01-24 Tokuyama Corporation Détecteur de neutrons portable
WO2018148817A1 (fr) * 2017-02-14 2018-08-23 Kai Kaletsch Procédé et système de détection de rayonnement directionnel
US20200041668A1 (en) * 2017-02-14 2020-02-06 Kai Kaletsch Method and System for Directional Radiation Detection

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