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WO2008080366A1 - Appareil de traitement de matériaux présentant une zone de prétraitement et une zone de traitement - Google Patents

Appareil de traitement de matériaux présentant une zone de prétraitement et une zone de traitement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008080366A1
WO2008080366A1 PCT/CN2007/071401 CN2007071401W WO2008080366A1 WO 2008080366 A1 WO2008080366 A1 WO 2008080366A1 CN 2007071401 W CN2007071401 W CN 2007071401W WO 2008080366 A1 WO2008080366 A1 WO 2008080366A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
processing
processing zone
processing apparatus
zone
reaction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2007/071401
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jianming Xiao
Guilin Wang
Fuxin Huang
Xianzhong Zhao
Guangping Xie
Wenhu Shen
Youqi Wang
Yinbao Xu
Wenhui Wang
Wenge Wang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Accelergy Shanghai R & D Center Co Ltd
Accelergy Corp
Original Assignee
Accelergy Shanghai R & D Center Co Ltd
Accelergy Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Accelergy Shanghai R & D Center Co Ltd, Accelergy Corp filed Critical Accelergy Shanghai R & D Center Co Ltd
Publication of WO2008080366A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008080366A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/50—Mixing liquids with solids
    • B01F23/53—Mixing liquids with solids using driven stirrers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/27—Mixers with stator-rotor systems, e.g. with intermeshing teeth or cylinders or having orifices
    • B01F27/272—Mixers with stator-rotor systems, e.g. with intermeshing teeth or cylinders or having orifices with means for moving the materials to be mixed axially between the surfaces of the rotor and the stator, e.g. the stator rotor system formed by conical or cylindrical surfaces
    • B01F27/2722—Mixers with stator-rotor systems, e.g. with intermeshing teeth or cylinders or having orifices with means for moving the materials to be mixed axially between the surfaces of the rotor and the stator, e.g. the stator rotor system formed by conical or cylindrical surfaces provided with ribs, ridges or grooves on one surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
    • B01F35/717—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer
    • B01F35/71775—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using helical screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/90—Heating or cooling systems
    • B01F35/92—Heating or cooling systems for heating the outside of the receptacle, e.g. heated jackets or burners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/45—Magnetic mixers; Mixers with magnetically driven stirrers

Definitions

  • the present invention is related to a material processing apparatus comprising a pre-processing zone and a processing zone.
  • a conventional rotor-stator mixer typically includes a stator provided with a cylindrical chamber and a cylindrical rotor coaxially received in the cylindrical chamber of the stator. Opposite cylindrical surfaces of the stator and the rotor define a narrow annular chamber therebetween. Fluids fed in the narrow annular chamber are urged to move relative to each other by a large shear force produced by high speed rotation, and thereby are mixed with each other.
  • known rotor-stator may not be suitably used to process solid materials because of the difficulty to feed solid materials into the narrow annular chamber and distribute solid materials in liquid materials uniformly. It happens often that liquid materials flow into a solid material feeding port, which results in agglomeration and then jam of the solid material feeding port.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a material processing apparatus.
  • the material processing apparatus includes a first member and a second member received or partially received within the first member and rotatable relative to the first member.
  • An annular processing passage is formed between the first and second members.
  • the processing passage includes a pre-processing zone and a processing zone.
  • a circumferential surface of the first member or the second member facing the pre-processing zone has protruding or/and concave portions, while circumferential surfaces of the first and second members facing the processing zone are relatively smooth.
  • circumferential surfaces of the first and second members facing the processing zone have no protruding or concave portions, or the area taken by the protruding and concave portion(s) on the circumferential surfaces of the first and second members facing the processing zone is proportionally much smaller than the area taken by the protruding and concave portion(s) on the circumferential surface of the first or second member facing the pre-processing zone.
  • the processing zone of the processing passage is configured such that materials in the processing passage can form Couette flow when a relative rotation speed between the first and second members reaches a predetermined value.
  • Embodiments of the present invention further provides a material processing apparatus including a first member and a second member rotatable relative to the first member and at least partially received within the first member.
  • a substantially annular processing passage is provided between the first and second member.
  • the processing passage includes a pre-processing zone and a processing zone, and the pre-processing zone is configured such that a force is provided by the pre-processing zone to push materials in the pre-processing zone into the processing zone when the first member and the second member rotate relative to each other, and the processing zone is configured such that materials in the processing zone forms Couette flow when relative rotation speed between the first and second members reaches a predetermined value.
  • the pre-processing zone is used for pre-processing materials, and in the pre-processing zone, for example, materials may be preliminarily mixed, smashed, caused to preliminary react with each other, fed into the processing zone by an axial force provided by the pre-processing zone, or combinations thereof.
  • the processing zone is used for processing the pre-processed materials, and in the processing zone, the materials may be homogeneously mixed by high shear forces provided by relative rotation between the first and second members, or caused to react with each other, alternatively or additionally, the reaction between the materials may be accelerated or thoroughly completed.
  • the material processing apparatus is capable of processing fluid materials, which may include one or more from liquid materials, gaseous materials, colloidal materials and powder materials. Therefore materials that can be processed by the material processing apparatus include, but are not limited to, mixture of liquid and powder materials, mixture of liquid and gaseous materials, mixture of liquid, gaseous and powder materials, and mixture of liquid and colloidal materials, etc.
  • FIG. IA- IE schematically illustrate different embodiments of a second member of a material processing apparatus.
  • FIG. 2A-2K schematically illustrate different assembly embodiments of first and second members of the material processing apparatus.
  • FIG. 3 schematically illustrates an embodiment of sealing member of the material processing apparatus.
  • FIG. 4 schematically illustrates another embodiment of sealing member.
  • FIG. 5A-5C illustrate another three embodiments of sealing member.
  • FIG. 6A-6B respectively illustrate a material processing system including the material processing apparatus.
  • FIG. 7A-7C illustrate three embodiments of drive device for the material processing apparatus.
  • FIG. 8-9 illustrate a fluid feeding apparatus for the material processing apparatus.
  • FIG. 10-12 illustrate a temperature control device for the material processing apparatus.
  • first member or the second member corresponding to the pre-processing zone a part of the first member or the second member corresponding to the pre-processing zone will be referred to below as the pre-processing section of the first number or the second member, respectively.
  • processing section of the first number or the second member a part of the first member or the second member corresponding to the processing zone.
  • FIG. 6A illustrates a material processing system 100 including a material processing apparatus 10 and some apparatus or devices coupled to the material processing apparatus 10, such as a drive device 14 and a material feeding apparatus 20.
  • the material processing apparatus 10 includes a first member 11 functioning as a stator and a second member 12 functioning as a rotor.
  • the processing passage 110 is formed between an inner surface of the first member 11 and an outer surface of the second member 12.
  • the processing passage 110 includes a pre-processing zone
  • the inner surface of the first member 11 is relative smooth
  • the outer surface of the second member 12 includes a relative smooth section corresponding to the processing zone 111 and a section having screw patterns corresponding to the pre-processing zone 112.
  • the second member 12 includes a pre-processing section 121 and a processing section 122.
  • the first member serves as a rotor and the second member serves as a stator.
  • the first or second member may rotate relative to one another at a rate ranged between lOOOrpm to 12000rpm, or preferably between 3000rpm to 8000rpm, which depends on actually needs.
  • the pre-processing zone may constitute 10-90%, or preferably 20-50% of a total length of the pre-processing and processing zones.
  • a radial size of the processing zone i.e. a radial distance between the inner surface of processing section of the first member and the outer surface processing section of the second member, may be in micron scale, and it can be tens to thousands microns.
  • the radial size of the processing zone may be 50-80 microns, 80-120 microns (e.g. 100 microns), 120-130 microns, 130-200 microns (e.g. 200 microns), 200-350 microns, about 350 microns, 750 microns, 1000 microns, 2000 microns, 3000 microns or 5000 microns, etc. Even though the first and second processing surfaces may be very closely spaced, but they do not contact with each other during rotation.
  • Fig. 2A illustrates an embodiment of a part of the material processing apparatus 10.
  • surfaces sill of the first and second members facing the pre-processing zone 1011 have protruding or concave portion 1211.
  • Surfaces sl21 of the first and second members facing the processing zone have no protruding or concave portion (projections or recesses), or the area taken by the protruding and concave portion(s) on the surfaces si 21 is proportionally much smaller than area taken by the protruding and concave portion(s) on the surfaces sill.
  • the projections or recesses may be created by mechanical methods, electrical erosion, lithography, electroplate, strong stick techniques.
  • the projections or recesses may have radial sizes, for example, ranged between 1-5000 microns, along a radial direction of the first or second member.
  • the projections or recesses may have relatively larger sizes.
  • the projections and recesses may be in shapes of dots, stripes or any other regular or irregular shapes.
  • an axial component force may be provided to the materials in the pre-processing zone to urge them into the processing zone, especially those materials with a high viscosity or those solid materials in powder form.
  • protruding or concave portion(s) can be continuous stripes, discontinuous stripes, combinations of continuous and discontinuous stripes, or dots arranged in stripe-like tracks.
  • the stripes or/and the stripe-like dot tracks extend at an angle larger than 0 degree and smaller than 90 degrees from the axial direction of the rotor, so as to provide an axial force to feed materials from the pre-processing zone into the processing zone.
  • the stripes or/and dot tracks may be spaced equidistant or at varying distances from each other.
  • the stripes may have cross-sections in shapes such as triangles, trapezia, rectangles, polygons, semicircles, circles, semi-ellipses, or etc.
  • the material processing apparatus may be aslant mounted such that the pre-processing zone is located higher than the processing zone in vertical direction and therefore materials in the pre-processing zone can be fed into the processing zone more easily.
  • the surface of the pre-processing section 121 of the second member 12 has continuous stripes
  • the surface of the processing section 122 of the second member 12 is relative smooth.
  • the stripes can provide an axial force to materials in the pre-processing zone to make them move towards the processing zone.
  • the stripes may be spaced at 0.5 ⁇ 20mm, preferably about 5mm, from each other.
  • the stripes may have radial sizes (distance between the top and bottom of the stripes along a radial direction of the second member) of 0.2 ⁇ 5mm.
  • the stripes may have radial sizes of 1.5mm.
  • the surface of the pre-processing section 121 has discontinuous stripes
  • the surface of the processing section 122 is relative smooth.
  • the stripes can provide an axial force to materials in the pre-processing zone to make them move towards the processing zone.
  • the discontinuous stripes may be not uniformly distributed.
  • the surface of the pre-processing section 121 has dots arranged in stripe-like tracks, the surface of the processing section 122 is relative smooth.
  • the dots arranged in stripe-like tracks can provide an axial force to materials in the pre-processing zone to make them move towards the processing zone.
  • the surface of the pre-processing section 121 has continuous stripes and recesses 1231 breaking in the stripes, the surface of the processing section 122 is relative smooth.
  • the stripes can provide an axial force to materials in the pre-processing zone to make them move towards the processing zone.
  • the recess may have a length that corresponds to 20-50% of the length of the surface of the pre-processing section 121.
  • the recess 1231 may be provided at other positions, such as positions remote from the processing section 122, or positions in the middle of the pre-processing section 121. There is no limit as to the number of recess 1231, and there may be more than one (e.g. two, three, or four) recesses. If there are two or more recesses, these recesses may be symmetrically or unsymmetrically distributed.
  • the surface of the pre-processing section 121 has continuous stripes and dots 1232 between the stripes and the processing section 122, the surface of the processing section 122 is relative smooth.
  • the stripes can provide an axial force to materials in the pre-processing zone to make them move towards the processing zone, and the dots 1232 can provide a function of mixing the materials.
  • FIG. 2A-2D illustrate examples in which the first member defines a receiving chamber which includes a pre-processing section with a first diameter and a processing section with a second diameter smaller the first diameter, and in which the second member includes a processing section having a third diameter and a pre-processing section having an inner diameter and an outer diameter respectively equal to and larger than the third diameter.
  • a second member 12 includes a pre-processing section 121 with an unsmooth pre-processing surface defined by helically extending rectangular stripes 1211, and a processing section 122 with a smooth processing surface.
  • the pre-processing section 121 has an inner diameter dl and an outer diameter d2 respectively equal to and larger than a diameter d3 of the processing section 122.
  • a first member 11 defines a receiving chamber 101 including a pre-processing section 1011 and a processing section 1012 for respectively accommodating the pre-processing section 121 and processing section 121 of the second member 12.
  • the pre-processing section 1011 has a diameter larger than a diameter of the processing section 1012.
  • FIG. 2B illustrates trapeziform stripes 1211 helically extending on a pre-processing section 121 of the second member 12.
  • FIG. 2C illustrates triangular stripes 1211 helically extending on a pre-processing section 121 of the second member 12.
  • FIG. 2D illustrates stripes 1211 in such shapes that gaps between adjacent stripes are arc-shaped.
  • FIG. 2E-2H illustrate examples in which the first member defines a receiving chamber which includes a pre-processing section and a processing section having a same diameter, and in which the second member includes a processing section having a diameter and a pre-processing section having an inner diameter and an outer diameter respectively smaller than and equal to the diameter of the processing section. Stripes in FIG. 2E-2H are respectively similar to those in FIG. 2A-2D.
  • the second member 12 includes a processing section 122 and a pre-processing section 121 which has an outer diameter larger than a diameter of the processing section 122 and an inner diameter smaller than the diameter of the processing section 122.
  • the first member 11 defines a receiving chamber 101 which includes a pre-processing section 1011 and a processing section 1012 having a same diameter.
  • the second member 12 includes a processing section 122 and a pre-processing section 121 which has an outer diameter larger than a diameter of the processing section 122 and an inner diameter smaller than the diameter of the processing section 122.
  • the first member 11 defines a receiving chamber 101 which includes a pre-processing section 1011 and a processing section 1012 having a diameter smaller than a diameter of the pre-processing section 1011.
  • the second member 12 includes a processing section 122 and a pre-processing section 121 which has both an outer diameter and an inner diameter smaller than a diameter of the processing section 122.
  • the first member 11 defines a receiving chamber 101 which includes a pre-processing section 101 land a processing section 1012 having a diameter larger than a diameter of the pre-processing section 1011.
  • the material processing apparatus may further include a sealing member from sealing the processing passage from the outside environment.
  • the sealing member comprises a sealing chamber, which is provided with a first port allowing a first fluid introduced into the sealing chamber, and a second port allowing fluids outputted from the sealing chamber.
  • the first port may be connected with a first fluid source, and the second port may communicate with environment, or alternatively be connected with a first fluid collecting device.
  • the sealing member may further comprises a first seal element sealing the processing passage from the sealing chamber, and a second seal element sealing the sealing chamber from the outside environment.
  • the first fluid may be gaseous or liquid materials, and preferably is gaseous material such as air, nitrogen, inert gas, and more preferably is gas that does not react with the material in the processing chamber. If the first fluid is air, air from the second port can be discharged to the environment directly or after simple treatment such as filtration. If the first fluid is relatively expensive gas such as inert gas, the gas discharged from the second port may be purified and recycled.
  • the first fluid may be fed into the sealing chamber at a high rate, and may have a function for cooling the first and second sealing elements and maybe a further function for preventing the sealing member such as seal rings from softening. Otherwise, as the first fluid fed at a high rate and discharged from the second port forms a stream flowing through the sealing chamber, by such a stream of the first fluid, material leaked from the processing chamber can be driven out of the sealing chamber from the second port. That is to say, the sealing chamber can be cleaned up by the stream of the first fluid.
  • the first fluid in the sealing chamber can be controlled at a stable pressure, such that a gas seal can be provided for additionally sealing the materials in the processing chamber.
  • the second port may be connected with a pressure flow controller (PFC) so as to control the pressure of in the sealing chamber, which pressure is preferably smaller than the pressure in the processing passage.
  • PFC pressure flow controller
  • the first fluid in the sealing chamber further has a function for preventing air entering the processing chamber through that space. Therefore, if the first fluid is a gas inert with respect to the material in the processing chamber, the material in the processing chamber can be protected from being contaminated.
  • the first and second sealing elements may be in varied forms, by means of a screw thread, seal rings made from various kinds of materials, or graphite seal, etc.
  • sealing member Some examples of the sealing member will be provided as follows.
  • a screw thread 1311 formed on the second member 12 serves as a first sealing element
  • a seal ring 132 serves as a second sealing element.
  • the screw thread 1311 and the seal ring 132 are spaced from each other along a longitudinal direction of the first or second member, and define an annular sealing chamber 130 therebetween.
  • the sealing chamber 130 is provided with a first port 133 and a second port 134.
  • seal rings 1312 and 132 serve as first and second sealing elements respectively.
  • the seal rings 1312 and 132 are spaced from each other along a longitudinal direction of the first or second member, and define a sealing chamber 130 therebetween.
  • the sealing chamber 130 is provided with a first port 133 and a second port 134.
  • seal rings 131 and 132 respectively serve as the first and second sealing elements. After the material processing apparatus has been running for a period of time, attrition will occur to the seal rings 131 and 132, and gaps 1310 and 1320 may be caused between the seal rings and the second member 12. However, as the gaps 1310 and 1320 are very narrow, the material in the material processing camber 110 may not leak to the sealing chamber 130 if only the first fluid in the sealing chamber is maintained at a certain pressure.
  • grooves 135 and 136 may be respectively provided on a cylindrical outer surface of the second member 12 and a cylindrical inner surface of the first member Hu, such that materials leaking from the processing chamber 110 can be collected in the grooves 135 and 136 and prevented from moving towards the second sealing element 132 and out from the gap 1320.
  • the groove 136 is provided at a position corresponding to both the first port 133 and the second port 134 such that the materials collected in the groove 136 can be taken out of the sealing chamber 130 from the second port 134 by the high speed stream of the first fluid.
  • the groove 135 is configured and positioned to allow the materials collected therein to be blew into the groove 136 and then taken out from the second port 134.
  • the groove 135 may be located in alignment with the groove 136 along a flow direction of the stream of the first fluid, and configured narrower than the groove 136 along a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the stream of the first fluid.
  • first port 135 and the second port 136 is respectively located in a top and a bottom portion of the sealing chamber 130.
  • the first and second port may be located in any other positions if only materials leaking from the processing chamber 110 can be easily taken out from the second port 136 by the stream of the first fluid.
  • the first and second sealing elements 131 and 132 are single-lip seals respectively having lips 1311 and 1321 both protruding inwards the sealing chamber 130. Due to attrition of the sealing elements 131 and 132, narrow gaps 1310 and 1320 may be respectively formed between the sealing element 131 and the second member 12, and between the sealing element 132 and the second member 12. If a pressure in the sealing chamber 130 is higher than the pressure in the processing passage 110, the lip 1311 of the first sealing element 131 can be pressed towards the second member 12 to achieve a seal between the processing passage 110 and the sealing chamber 130.
  • the lip 1321 of the second sealing element 132 can be pressed towards the second member 12 to achieve a seal between the sealing chamber 130 and the outside environment.
  • the first fluid flowing through the sealing chamber 130 if being a gas with a certain pressure, may function as a gas curtain capable of further sealing the processing passage 110 from the outside environment.
  • the first and second sealing elements 131 and 132 are single-lip seals mounted on the first member 11.
  • the first sealing element 131 has a lip 1311 protruding inwards the processing passage 110
  • the second sealing element 132 has a lip 1321 protruding inwards the sealing chamber 130. Due to attrition of the sealing elements 131 and 132, narrow gaps 1310 and 1320 may be respectively formed between the sealing element 131 and the second member 12, and between the sealing element 132 and the second member 12. If a pressure in the sealing chamber 130 is lower than the pressure in the processing passage 110, the lip 1311 of the first sealing element 131 can be pressed towards the second member 12 to achieve a seal between the processing passage 110 and the sealing chamber 130.
  • a pressure in the sealing chamber 130 is higher than a pressure outside the material processing apparatus, as generally it is, the lip 1321 of the second sealing element 132 can be pressed towards the second member 12 to achieve a seal between the sealing chamber 130 and the outside environment. Otherwise, the first fluid flowing through the sealing chamber 130, if being gaseous, may function as a gas curtain capable of further sealing the processing passage 110 from the outside environment.
  • the described sealing members have many important advantages. For example, a more reliable seal effect can be achieved because, in addition to a seal effect established by the sealing elements, a further gas curtain seal can be provided by a gas flowing through the sealing chamber. Another advantage is that the reliable seal effect can be maintained even when attrition occurs to the sealing elements and therefore there is no need to replace attrited sealing elements. Moreover, as to the attrited sealing elements, lubricant is no longer needed because they would not rub the second member any more, therefore pollution which may be caused by the lubricant is avoided. Further, due to existence of the gas curtain seal, not the total seal effect only depends on the first sealing element, therefore the first sealing element can be simplified to facilitate cleaning of the processing passage. Furthermore, as leaks that escape from the processing passage can be taken out by the first fluid flowing through the sealing chamber and then collected, pollution which may be caused by the leaks also can be avoided.
  • first member serves as a rotor and has a smooth pre-processing surface
  • second member serves as a stator and has an unsmooth pre-processing surface
  • both pre-processing surfaces provided by the first and second members are unsmooth.
  • the first and second members of the material processing apparatus may be made from the same material or respectively made from different materials.
  • Materials suitable for making the material processing apparatus include, but are not limited to cast iron, stainless steel, alloy, metals (such as aluminium), macromolecule materials (such as plastic), inorganic materials (such as ceramic, glass or quartz glass), and composite material, which can be chosen depending on characters of the materials to be processed, characters of products, reaction or mixing condition, and manufacture cost, etc.
  • the stripes can be made from a material the same as or different from that of the first or second member, also depending on characters of the materials to be processed, characters of products, reaction or mixing condition, and manufacture cost, etc.
  • some other apparatus may be coupled to the material processing apparatus as above disclosed to form a material processing system to complete material feeding, processing, collecting, and etc.
  • the material processing system may further include a drive device for driving a rotor of the material processing apparatus to rotate, a feeding apparatus for feeding solid or fluid material into the processing passage, a collecting device for collecting products from the processing passage, a temperature control device for controlling a temperature in the processing passage, or etc.
  • the drive device 14 is adapted to drive the second member 12 to rotate, and it may be electric motor, magnetic actuator or the like. Some examples of magnetic actuators are provided hereafter.
  • FIG. 7 A illustrates a material processing system 10Ox including a material processing apparatus 1Ox, in which a rotor is driven by a magnetic actuator.
  • the material processing apparatus 1Ox has a first member Hx functioning as a stator and defining therein a cylindrical receiving chamber 10 Ix, and a second member 12x received in the receiving chamber 10 Ix and functioning as a rotor.
  • the second member 12x is made from magnetic material and provided with two rotary shafts 125x respectively at two longitudinal ends thereof.
  • the two rotary shafts 125x engages with two bearings 127x mounted in the receiving chamber 10 Ix, respectively.
  • An annular space between the first member Hx and the second member 12x serves as the processing chamber for processing materials.
  • the material processing system 10Ox further includes a third member 14x mounted around periphery outer of the first member Hx and functioning as a magnetic actuator capable of actuating the second member 12x to rotate.
  • the magnetic actuator 14x includes a pair of symmetrically disposed coil windings. Once activated by alternating electric current, the coil windings establish a desired electromagnetic field in the receiving chamber 10 Ix, such that the second member 12x can be actuated to rotate.
  • FIG. 7B illustrates another material processing system 10Oy, in which a rotor is magnetically driven, similar to the material processing system 10Ox.
  • a main difference from the material processing system lOOy is that, in the material processing system 10Oy, the magnetic actuator 14y is disposed adjacent to one longitudinal end of the material processing apparatus 1Oy and longitudinally covers only a section of the material processing apparatus 1Oy other than the whole material processing apparatus 1Oy.
  • the second member 12y may be totally made from magnetic material, or have a part 121y thereof that is longitudinally covered by the magnetic actuator 14y made from magnetic material, but the other part 122y that is not longitudinally covered by the magnetic actuator 14y made from non-magnetic material.
  • Such a structure may facilitate to connect other peripheral apparatus, such as feeding apparatus or temperature control device to the section of the material processing apparatus 1Oy that is not covered by the magnetic actuator 14y.
  • the magnetic actuator may be other device capable of establishing a desired magnetic field for actuating a member to rotate.
  • FIG. 7C illustrates yet another material processing system 10Oz, in which a rotatable barrel-like magnet 14z is used as a magnetic actuator for actuating a magnetic second member 12z received in the barrel-like magnet 14z to rotate.
  • the barrel-like magnet 14z rotates and thereby establishes a varying magnetic flied for actuating the second member 12z to rotate.
  • the solid material feeding apparatus 20 is used to feed solid material into the material processing apparatus 10.
  • the material feeding apparatus 20 is a screw feeder coupled to a first material inlet 113 of the pre-processing zone 111.
  • the screw feeder 20 includes a storage room 21 for storing solid material, a feeding channel 22, a screw 23 accommodated in the feeding channel 22, and an actuator 24 for actuating the screw 23 to rotate.
  • the screw feeder 20 may further include a purification conduit 25, which is connected with the storage room 21 and allows air in the storage room 21 to be expelled before material feeding is started, in order to prevent the solid material from being polluted by the air, and a blowing conduit 26, which is connected with the storage room 21 and allows gas of a certain pressure to be blown into the storage room 21 and then flow through the whole screw feeder 20, in order to prevent from material jam.
  • a purification conduit 25 which is connected with the storage room 21 and allows air in the storage room 21 to be expelled before material feeding is started, in order to prevent the solid material from being polluted by the air
  • a blowing conduit 26 which is connected with the storage room 21 and allows gas of a certain pressure to be blown into the storage room 21 and then flow through the whole screw feeder 20, in order to prevent from material jam.
  • the gas from the conduit 26 is preferably inert to the solid material in the storage room 21, or at least inert to the solid material in the storage room 21 under a certain condition.
  • the gas can be nitrogen, helium, neon, argon, or their mixtures.
  • libration device to librate the first material inlet 113, in order to prevent the material from plugged at the first material inlet 113.
  • the libration device may be actuated by pulse gas or mechanical collision.
  • the screw feeder 20 is set in a manner that the screw 23 is longitudinally parallel to the material processing apparatus 10.
  • the screw feeder 20 is set in a manner that the screw 23 is longitudinally perpendicular to the material processing apparatus 10.
  • screw feeders More details about screw feeders can be referred to products of Jilin Jida Powder Engineering Equipment Co. Ltd, Changzhou Pingzhitongfang Drying Equipment Co. Ltd, and Taicang Xingongtang Glass Co. Ltd.
  • the solid material feeding apparatus alternatively may be powder conveyor pumps, pipe or chain feeders, or the likes.
  • the material processing system 100 may further include a fluid feeding apparatus (not shown in FIG. 6A) coupled to a second material inlet 114 beside the first material inlet 113 and adjacent to the processing zone 112 of the processing chamber 110. Details about the fluid material feeding apparatus will be described in conjunction with FIG. 8-9 hereafter.
  • a fluid feeding apparatus 30 includes a feeding unit 31 and a drive unit 32.
  • the feeding unit 31 includes a container 311 for storing a fluid to be processed, an outlet 313, and a compressing member 312 for compressing a space in the container 311.
  • the compressing member 312 is a syringe plunger, one end of which is movably received in the container 311, and the other end of which is connected to the drive unit 32.
  • the plunger 312 moves towards the outlet 313 to press the fluid in the container 311 to the processing chamber 110.
  • a seal member (not shown) may be provided between the plunger 312 and the container 311 to prevent fluid leakage.
  • the compressing member 312 may be elements capable of compressing a space in the container 311 other than a syringe plunger.
  • the feeding unit 31 may have any capacity, preferably 1 ⁇ 1000ml, for example, 5ml, 7ml, 20ml, or 100ml. Additionally, the feeding unit 31 may be temperature controlled, such that the fluid in the feeding unit 31 can be heated or cooled to a certain temperature before entering the processing chamber 110, so as to save processing time, or sometimes reduce a viscidity of the fluid.
  • the drive unit 32 is used to provide a power to drive the compressing member 312, and it can be any device capable of driving the compressing member 312 to move at a uniform or variable speed.
  • the drive unit 32 includes an executing element 323 for driving the compressing member 312 to move and a power providing element 321 for providing a power to actuate the executing element 323.
  • the power providing element 321 may be electronic motors or the likes, and the executing element 323 may be movable slides, flexible arms or the likes.
  • the drive unit 32 may further include a retainer 322 for retaining the feeding unit 31.
  • the power providing element 321 may actuate the executing element 323 directly or via other elements.
  • the drive unit 32 further includes an actuator 324 linking executing element 323 and the power providing element 321. Via the actuator 324, the power providing element 321 actuates the executing element 323 to move the compressing member 312.
  • the actuator 324 may be a thread spindle and the executing element 323 is assembled to the actuator 324 through thread engagement, thus the power providing element 321 can drive the actuator 324 to rotate to thereby actuate the executing element 323 to move linearly.
  • the power providing element 321 may be directly coupled to the compressing member 312 to drive the compressing member 312 to move.
  • the drive unit 32 may further includes a movement controller or the like adapted to control the executing element 323 to move for a pre-determined distance, in a pre-determined path, along a pre-determined direction and etc.
  • the drive unit 32 includes a first control element 325 and two second control elements 326a and 326b.
  • the first control element 325 includes two parallel guide shafts, which define movement track and direction of the executing element 323.
  • the second control elements 326a and 326b are disposed on the first control element 325 in order to limit the executing element 323 to move within a pre-determined distance, and therefore to prevent the executing element 323 from exerting too much force to the compressing member 312.
  • the first and second control elements may be in other forms.
  • the first control element can be rails, guide grooves or the likes.
  • the three-way connector 33 has a first port connected with the outlet 313 of the feeding unit 31, a second port connected with the material processing apparatus 10 via a valve 331, and a third port connected with a fluid reservoir 34 via a valve 332.
  • a fluid feeding state the valve 331 is opened and the valve 332 is closed, the compressing member 312 compresses the space in the container 311 to force the fluid in the container 311 into the material processing apparatus 10.
  • a fluid refilling state the valve 332 is opened and the valve 331 is closed, the compressing member 312 returns to release the compressed space in the container 311, such that the container 311 is refilled with fluid from the fluid reservoir 34.
  • the fluid feeding apparatus may be other device, such as injection device, pump and the like.
  • the first material inlet 133 is adapted to allow fluid feeding and connected with a fluid material feeding apparatus, yet the second inlet 114 is adapted to allow solid material feeding and connected with a solid material feeding apparatus.
  • the material processing system 100 may further include a collecting device 116 coupled to a collecting outlet 115 of the processing zone 112.
  • solid and fluid materials can be respectively fed into the pre-processing zone 111, preliminarily mixed in the pre-processing zone 111 and fed into the processing zone 112 through strips or the likes on the pre-processing section of the second member 12, and then processed in the processing zone 112.
  • the solid material also can be smashed in the pre-processing zone 111.
  • Products from the processing zone 112 can be collected by the collecting device 116, and the collected products may be analyzed.
  • the material processing system may further include a temperature control device.
  • a temperature control device 51 is set to surround the first member lit in order to control the temperature in the processing chamber HOt.
  • the temperature control device 51 includes a cylindrical barrel 511 and a temperature control member 512 in the cylindrical barrel 511.
  • the cylindrical barrel 511 is formed with openings 513 and 514.
  • the temperature control member 512 includes a plurality of heat exchange elements 5121.
  • the heat exchange elements 5121 are ring-shaped plates defining therein a hole or the like 5122 corresponding to a periphery shape of the first member lit.
  • the heat exchange element 5121 may be in any other shape only if an inner periphery thereof mates with the periphery shape of the first member lit.
  • the heat exchange element 5121 may be square or polygonal plate with a hole in.
  • the heat exchange element 5121 may be provided with one or more notches 5123, may be uniformly or asymmetrically distributed in the heat exchange element 5121.
  • the different heat exchange element 5121 may have a same number of notches 5123 or may have different numbers of notches 5123.
  • the heat exchange elements 5121 are soldered on a periphery surface of the first member lit such that the first member lit is accommodated in the holes of the heat exchange elements 5121.
  • Corresponding notches 5123 in different heat exchange element 5121 may be aligned with each other, or alternatively, offset from each other, to form a straight or curving passage that allows fluids for heating or cooling to flow through.
  • the passage 5123 communicates with spaces 5125 between the heat exchange elements 5121.
  • each of the heat exchange elements 5121 is provided with two symmetrically distributed notches 5123 as shown in FIG. 12. In assembly, the corresponding notches 5123 of the heat exchange elements 5121 are aligned with each other to form two straight passages 5122.
  • the passage 5122 is designed to have a flow resistance much smaller than that of the spaces 5125 between the heat exchange elements 5121, such that fluids introduced from the opening 513 partially flows in the passage 5122 adjacent to the opening 513 along an axial direction, and partially flows in the spaces 5125 along a circumferential direction to reach the passage 5122 far from the opening 513.
  • the fluid flowing in each passage 5122 partially continues to flow along the passage 5122, and partially flows into the next space 5125. Due to the flow resistance difference, the fluid is apt to flow along the passages 5122, and therefore the fluid can rapidly flow into each space 5125.
  • flows in the different spaces 5125 have a substantially same flow rate and good temperature uniformity is achieved.
  • the temperature control device 51 has a fluid outlet (the opening 514 here) located adjacent the other side relative to the opening 513, such that fluids in different spaces 5125 have a substantially same flow rate.
  • the openings 513 and 514 may directly communicate with the passages 5122 respectively, or alternatively, communicate with the spaces 5125.
  • the fluid introduced from the opening 513 or 514 can rapidly change the temperature in the material processing apparatus 1Ot.
  • reactions in the material processing apparatus 1Ot may be either exothermic or endothermic reactions
  • the introduced fluid can be used to circularly bring heat to or taking heat away from the material processing apparatus 1Ot.
  • a rotor of the material processing apparatus 1Ot is rapidly rotating, huge heat may be produced due to the shear friction.
  • cool fluid is introduced from the opening 513 or 514 and cycled in the temperature control device 51, such that the huge heat produced by the shear friction can be taken away.
  • the reaction in the material processing apparatus 1Ot is endothermic one and the heat produced by the shear friction is lass than that consumed by the endothermic reaction, so high temperature fluid may be introduced into the temperature control device to provide heat for the material processing apparatus 1Ot.
  • the first member lit is a thin- walled barrel, and there is only a thin wall between the processing chamber HOt and the temperature control device 51, therefore the fluids cycling in the temperature control device 51 can rapidly exchange heat with the fluids being processed in the processing chamber HOt, such that the temperature in the processing chamber HOt can be easily controlled by the temperature control device 51. Further, as the processing chamber 11 Ot is very narrow in the radial direction thereof, fluids in the processing chamber 11 Ot come into a uniform temperature in a short time.
  • a second temperature control device 52 mounted near a bearing (not shown in FIG. 10) of the material processing apparatus 30t, for example, on a bearing seat of the bearing.
  • a temperature of the bearing may rapidly increase. Therefore, if without a temperature control device, such as a cooling device, for cooling the bearing, lubricant failure may occur, abrasion of the bearing may be accelerated, and then the service life of the bearing may be shortened.
  • the second temperature control device 52 may include openings 521 and 522, which may be ports of valves or pipes. Fluids such as coolant, lubricant or bearing oil may be provided from the second temperature control device 52 to the bearing seat through the openings 521 and 522. In one embodiment, the fluid is introduced from the opening 521 and outputted from the opening 522, takes heat away, and also lubricates the bearing.
  • the second temperature control device 52 also has a function of controlling the temperature of the second member 12t that has one end thereof protruding into the bearing seat.
  • the end of the second member 12t that protrudes into the bearing seat can be controlled to have a temperature substantially equal to that of the other end of the second member 12t received in the first member lit, such that heat exchange along the second member 12t can be deceased or avoided. Therefore, undesired effect to the temperature in the processing chamber HOt can be deceased.
  • the third temperature control device 53 may be mounted near a drive device (not shown in FIG. 10) of the material processing apparatus 1Ot.
  • the third temperature control device 53 may include openings 531 and 532, through which fluids can be provided to bring heat to or take heat away from the drive device, so as to control the temperature of the drive device. For example, if the drive device gives out huge heat during running, the third temperature control device 53 may provide water for cooling the drive device.
  • the drive device is an electronic motor, which may be burnt out in over-temperature conditions, the third temperature control device 53 may be used to reduce the temperature of the electronic motor and prevent it from being burnt out.
  • the computer system refers to a computer or a computer readable medium designed and configured to perform some or all of the processes as described in the present invention.
  • a computer e.g., a server used herein may be any of a variety of types of general-purpose computers such as a personal computer, network server, workstation, or other computer platform to be developed.
  • the computer typically includes some or all the following parts, for example, a processor, an operating system, a computer storage device, an input device, an output device and a combination thereof.
  • the computer may further include other parts such as a cache memory, a data backup unit, and many other devices. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that there are many possible configurations for the parts of a computer.
  • the processor used herein may include at least one microprocessor, field programmable logic array, or at least one specific integrated circuit corresponding to a certain application.
  • the processor includes, but not limited to, Pentium series processor of Intel Corp., microprocessor of Sun Microsystems Corp., SPARC processor of Sun Microsystems Corp., PowerPC processor of Motorola Corp., MIPs processor MIPS Technologies Inc., Vertex series of field programmable logic array of Xilinx Inc. and other processors.
  • the operating system used herein comprises machine code which, when executed by a processor, coordinates and executes functions of other parts in the computer and facilitates the processor to execute the function of computer program that may be written in a variety of programming languages.
  • the operating system also provides scheduling, input-output control, file and data management, memory management, communication control and related services, which are all known in the prior art.
  • Exemplary operating system includes, for example, Windows operating system from the Microsoft Corporation, Unix or Linux-type operating system available from many vendors, other operating system to be developed and a combination thereof.
  • the computer storage device used herein may be any storage means, for example, random access memory (RAM), magnetic medium such as a resident hard disk or tape, optical medium such as read and write compact disc, or the like.
  • the storage means may be any known or future device, including a compact disk drive, a tape drive, a removable hard disk drive, or a diskette drive.
  • Such storage devices may typically read/write the computer program, from/to the storage medium such as a compact disk, magnetic tape, removable hard disk, or floppy diskette. All of the computer program storage media may be considered as a computer program product.
  • the computer program product typically stores computer software program or/and data.
  • the computer program typically is stored in a system memory or/and a storage device.
  • a computer software program of the present invention may be executed by being loaded into a system memory or/and a storage device through an input device.
  • all or part of the software program may also reside in a read-only memory or the like, which don not require the software program to be loaded through input device firstly.
  • the software program or part of the software program may be loaded by the processor into the system memory or the cache memory or both in a known manner, so as to execute and perform a random sampling.
  • the software is stored in a computer server which connects to an end user terminal, an input device or an output device through a data cable, a wireless connection, or a network system.
  • the network system comprises hardwire and software electrically connected in the computer or device.
  • the network system may include Internet, Ethernet 10/1000, IEEE (Institute for Electrical and Electronic Engineers) 802. Hx, IEEE 1394, xDSL (Digital Subscriber Line), Bluetooth, LAN (local area network), WLAN (wireless LAN), GPS ( global position system ) , CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access), 3G (3rd Generation), PACS (Picture Archiving and Communication System), or any other system based on ANSI approved standard.
  • Material processing may be material mixing, emulsification, polymerization, extraction, reaction, preparation, or their combination. Therefore the material processing apparatus or system as above described has a wide application. Some application examples are provided as follows.
  • the material processing apparatus or system can be used to rapidly and uniformly mixing two or more materials, which may be polymer, dope, pigment, dye, printing ink, oil paint, adhesive, lubricant, additive, surfactant, emulsifier, glycerin, benzine, crude oil, diesel, heavy oil, water, organic solvent, ionic liquid, olefin, food, or feed.
  • the fluid mixture may be solutions, emulsion, micro-emulsion, colloid, and etc.
  • Products by the mixing process may be analyzed by optical microscope (OM), scanning electric microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) or the likes, which usually are used to determine uniformity, dispersion degree, drop size or particle size of the mixtures. Uniformity and dispersion degree are important factors to evaluate the quality of a mixture. In some cases, uniformly mixed and well dispersed two or more materials may have greatly improved physical properties, for example, density, molecular weight, viscosity, pH value and the like.
  • the material processing apparatus or system can be used to carry out emulsification, including two-phase emulsification (i.e. O/W and W/O), three-phase emulsification (e.g. oil solvent/emulsifier/water), or four-phase emulsification (e.g. oil solvent/emulsifier/coemulsifier/water).
  • two-phase emulsification i.e. O/W and W/O
  • three-phase emulsification e.g. oil solvent/emulsifier/water
  • four-phase emulsification e.g. oil solvent/emulsifier/coemulsifier/water
  • Typical oil solvents include C 6-8 straight chain hydrocarbon and cycloalkane containing 6 ⁇ 8 carbon atoms
  • typical emulsifiers include ionic and nonionic surfactants.
  • Typical cationic surfactants include Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB), Dodecyl Trimethyl Ammonium Chloride (DTAC), Dioctadecyl Dimethyl Ammonium Chloride (DODMAC), Cetyl Pyridinium Bromide(CPB) and etc.
  • typical anionic surfactants include Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS), Aerosol-Ot (AOT), Sodium Dodecyl Bbenzene Sulfonate (SDBS), Alcohol Ether Sulfate (AES) and etc.
  • typical nonionic surfactants include Polyvinyl Alcohol, Dodecanoyl Diethanolamine, Fatty Alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, Alkylphenol Ethoxylates and etc.
  • the nonionic surfactant may be TX ⁇ AEO5 ⁇ AEO7 ⁇ AEOSK AEO ⁇ Triton X-IOO, Span series or Tween series. These surfaces may be used alone or in combination.
  • Typical coemulsifiers include fatty alcohol, such as n-Butanol, n-Pentanol, n-Hexanol, n-Heptanol, n-Octanol, n-Decanol, n-Dodecanol and etc.
  • the material processing apparatus or system is applicable to prepare or produce foods such as milk, butter and ice cream, cosmetics such as vanishing cream and facial wash, emulsion paints, metal cutting fluids, textile auxiliaries, emulsions used in fields of heavy oil, diesel, benzine, inorganic or organic compounds including catalysts, adhesive, printing ink, dope, dye, pigment, ceramic pigment, magnetic materials, liquid crystal materials, polymers, and etc.
  • Obtained emulsions may be analyzed by optical microscope (OM), scanning electric microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) or the likes, which usually are used to determine uniformity, dispersion degree, drop size or particle size of the emulsions.
  • OM optical microscope
  • SEM scanning electric microscope
  • AFM atomic force microscope
  • TEM transmission electron microscopy
  • the emulsions prepared by the material processing apparatus or system of the present invention have ultra-uniform and dispersed particles with a size less than 1 ⁇ m, and are able to keep their stability for several weeks without separating into layers and without color changing.
  • the material processing apparatus or system is applicable for both micro- dispersed systems and micro-reaction systems.
  • a micro-dispersed system two or more liquids or emulsions that can not dissolve in each other are fed into the processing passage which includes a pre-processing zone and a processing zone, then caused to form millions of drops of liquid-in-emulsifier that are uniformly and dispersedly distributed in the liquid to form micro-emulsion.
  • these drops have high lipophilic surfaces with high surface tension, they are not apt to combine with each other.
  • nano solid particles in the drops can uniformly disperse into aqueous phase and keep invariable without agglomeration or deposition.
  • Formation process of said microreaction system comprises: after one kind of liquid or microemulsion and another kind of liquid or microemulsion are separately injected into a high shear mixer, liquid materials, under high speed shear forces and high speed centrifugal forces, become countless tiny droplets. These droplets, resemble to "micro -reactor", can rapidly carry out chemical reaction (e.g. polymerisation, redox reaction, hydrolytic reaction, complexation reaction or the like) under certain conditions (e.g. lightening, temperature, etc.). Various nanometer materials can be produced by restricting the growth of the reaction products using the droplets of microemulsion as micro-reactors.
  • chemical reaction e.g. polymerisation, redox reaction, hydrolytic reaction, complexation reaction or the like
  • Said microemulsion preparation can be carried out by normal phase microemulsification process, namely O/W microemulsification process; and also can be prepared by reverse phase microemulsification process, namely W/O microemulsification process; and also can be prepared by triphasic microemulsification process, such as oil solvent / emulsifying agent/water microemulsification process; and also can be prepared by quadriphasic microemulsification process, such as oil solvent / emulsifying agent/coemulsifier/water microemulsification process.
  • the microemulsification system it is characterized in that the oil solvent usually used is a C6-C8 alkane or cycloalkane and the conventional emulsifying agents comprise ionic and non-ionic surfactants.
  • the typical cationic surfactant comprises cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride (DTAC), dioctodecylammonium chloride (DODMAC), cetylpyridinium bromide (CPB), and the like.
  • Anionic surfactant mainly comprises sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), sodium di-2-ethyl-l-hexyl sulfosuccinate (AOT), sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), sodium dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate (AES), and the like.
  • Non-ionic surfactant mainly comprises polyvinyl alcohol, dodecanoyl diethanolamine, polyoxythylene fatty alchol ethers and alkyl phenol polyoxythylene ethers etc., such as TX-6, AEO5, AEO7, AEO9, AEO12, Triton X-IOO and Span series and Tween series, etc.
  • the above mentioned surfactants can be used separately or in combination of two or more kinds.
  • the common coemulsifier comprises n-butanol, n-pentanol, n-hexanol, n-heptanol, n-octanol, n-decanol, n-dodecanol, and other fatty alcohols.
  • Said microemulsion preparation in the apparatus of the present invention can be widely used to produce various catalysts, organic silicon materials, adhesives, ink, coatings, dye, pigment, ceramic dye, semiconductor, superconductor, magnetic material, liquid crystal material, polymer, and other nanometer particles such as those of pure metal, alloy, oxide, sulfide and other nanometer inorganic compound and nanometer organic polymer; and further can be used to self-assembled nanometer particles and produce nanometer powder crystal, nanometer non-crystal power.
  • These nanometer powers have a narrow range of particle diameter and their particle diameter is vey small and can be easily controlled below lOOnm.
  • Said microemulsion preparation can be widely used to produce various inorganic or organic nanometer materials.
  • analysis of microemulsions obtained from said microemulsification process in the apparatus of the present invention may be carried out by the following methods: optically microscopical image analysis (OM), scanning electron microscopical image analysis (SEM), atomic force microscopical image analysis (AFM), transmission electron microscopical image analysis (TEM) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD).
  • OM optically microscopical image analysis
  • SEM scanning electron microscopical image analysis
  • AFM atomic force microscopical image analysis
  • TEM transmission electron microscopical image analysis
  • XRD X-ray diffraction analysis
  • microemulsification process in the apparatus of the present invention consists in good transparency of microemulsion, high uniformity and dispersion of particles, particle size below 100 nm, and high solid content, high stabilization of the microemulsion without separation or color change for a long period.
  • Extraction of the present invention can be used not only to solvent extraction method, but also to complexation extraction method, and also to extraction with ionic liquids as extracting agent or extracting phase.
  • Said solvent extraction achieves extraction and separation based on the dissolving performance difference of extractants in the extracting phase.
  • Conventional extracting phase mainly comprise organic solvents or water.
  • Said solvent extraction and separation technique of the present invention can be widely used in inorganic chemistry, analytical chemistry, radiological chemistry, abstraction and recycle of nuclide, and other aspects.
  • Said complexation extraction means the following steps: contacting extractants with an extracting agent containing a complexing agent; reacting the complexing agent with the extractants to form a complex; transferring the complex to the extracting phase; with the solute being recycled during converse reaction, and the extracting agent being reused.
  • the complexation extraction method has two obvious advantages as follows.
  • Said complexation extraction of the present invention is capable of extracting and separating polar organic substances (e.g. organic carboxylic acid compounds, organic sulfonic acid compounds, organic amine compounds, organic sulfur compounds, and organic compounds with amphiprotic functional groups.
  • polar organic substances e.g. organic carboxylic acid compounds, organic sulfonic acid compounds, organic amine compounds, organic sulfur compounds, and organic compounds with amphiprotic functional groups.
  • the key point in these applications consists in selecting proper complexing agent, cosolvent, diluter and their composition for different system.
  • Said complexing agent shall meet at least one requirement listed below:
  • the complexing agent shall have corresponding functional group, and the associated bonding energy thereof with the solute to be separated shall be at a required amount so as to easily form complex compound and achieve phase transfer;
  • Said cosolvent and diluter shall meet the following requirements: (a) As good solvents for the complexing agent, they shall promote the formation of the complex compound and achievement of phase transfer;
  • Said extraction method with ionic liquids as extracting phase or extracting agent compared with the extraction method with organic solvent, has unique advantages such as low volatility, non-flammability, thermal stability and reusability. These advantages ensure that it will not pollute the environment as is inevitable for organic solvents.
  • Said extraction method with ionic liquids as extracting phase or extracting agent is suitable for extracting organic substances from crude oil and extracting organic substances or metallic ions from waste water.
  • the key point in the application of extracting organic substances from crude oil or water by ionic liquid consists in selecting proper ionic liquid and its composition.
  • the key point in the application of extracting metallic ions from water by ionic liquid consists in selecting proper extracting agent and its composition.
  • Said organic substances to be extracted mainly comprise aromatic hydrocarbon and their derivatives, organic carboxylic acid compounds, organic sulfonic acid compounds, organic sulfur compounds, and organic amine compounds present in oil or waste water.
  • Involved metallic ions are mainly heavy metallic ions, such as Ni 2+ , Cu 2+ , Ag + , Au 2+ , Hg 2+ , Pt 2+ , Pb 2+ , Cr 3+ , Cd 2+ , Mn 2+ and the like.
  • Said ionic liquids of the present invention should meet at least one of the following requirements: (a) in liquid state at normal temperature and stable in the air; (b) as slight solubility as possible in crude oil or water to decrease cross contaminants.
  • the melting point, stability, solubility and extraction efficiency of the ionic liquids can be adjusted by selecting proper anions and cations, as well as by selecting different mixed ionic liquids.
  • Extractants analysis method of the present invention comprises one or more of OM, SEM, AFM, TEM, FTIR, NMR, CE. These analysis methods are commonly used to analyze uniformity, dispersion, droplet size and extraction efficiency and other properties of an extraction liquid.
  • Advantages of said materials extraction in the apparatus of the present invention comprise high uniformity and dispersion of the droplets, droplet size on the order of micrometers, and the natural separation of the extraction liquid after a period of time, good extraction efficiency.
  • Substance reaction application of the apparatus of the present invention involves gas phase reaction system, liquid phase reaction system or gas-liquid phase reaction system, particularly heterogeneous phase reaction system. Further, the reaction comprises liquid-liquid reaction, polymerisation, oxidization-desulfurization reaction and the like, but not limited to these reactions.
  • said liquid can be a pure liquid or a mixture of several liquids which can be mixed or prepared in advance;
  • said gas-liquid phase reaction system is characterized in that at least one substance is gas which can be fed from pressure vessel through pressure controlling valve and discharged out of mixer through its outlet.
  • Said liquid-liquid reaction method involves hydrolytic reaction, double decomposition reaction, neutralization reaction, ion exchange reaction, redox reaction, complexation reaction, complex reaction , chelation reaction , halogenating reaction , nitration reaction, cyanation reaction, epoxidation reaction, diazo reaction, alkylation reaction, esterification, condensation reaction, Fridel-Craft reaction, polymerization, and the like; said gas-liquid reaction method means that gas can be rapidly dissolved in liquid, so that two or more substances of the gas and liquid can react at very high speed, sometimes even without catalyst or/and surfactant used in the conventional methods; therefore, economically feasible reaction speed is attained.
  • the apparatus of the present inventon is suitable for mixing active fluid for anion polymerization, wherein at least one active fluid comprises at least one (meth)acrylic acid monomer.
  • Said (meth)acrylic acid monomer preferably means acrylic anhydride, methacrylic anhydride, methyl, ethyl, propyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl, ethylhexyl, nonyl, 2-dimethyl amino ethyl acrylate.
  • Said polymerization can be performed outside the apparatus of the present invention, or start inside the mixer and continue outside the mixer.
  • liquid-liquid reaction process or gas-liquid reaction process involved in the present invention is suitable for grafting reaction of alkene polymer and organic monomer containing initiator, wherein at least one organic monomer comprises at least one vinylated unsaturated heterocycle monomer containing nitrogen, sulphur or oxygen.
  • Said alkene polymer is particularly polyethylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, styrene-butadiene rubber, polyisoprene, ethylene-propylene-diene ternary copolymer, polymethacrylate, polystyrene, butadiene-styrene copolymer and the like.
  • Said vinylated unsaturated heterocycle monomer containing nitrogen or oxygen is particularly N-vinylimidazole, 1 -vinyl -pyrrolidine, C-vinylimidazole, N-alkylimidazole, 1-vinylpyrrolidine, 2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine, N-methyl-N-vinyl acetamide, diallylformamide, N-methyl-N-allyl formamide, N-ethyl-N-allyl formamide, N-cyclohexyl-N-allyl formamide,
  • Said initiator is preferably ditert-butyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, tert-butyl cumyl peroxide, tert-butyl peroxy benzoate, tert-amyl peroxy benzoate, tert-butyl peroxybenzoate, tert-butyl peroxy benzoate, benzoyl peroxide, tert-butyl monoperoxy phthalate, hydrogen peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide, tert-amyl peroxide, etc.
  • mixing ratio, flow rate, mixing temperature and rotation speed and other experimental parameters can be adjusted through system software to achieve rapid reaction and best products properties.
  • Said grafting polymerization can be performed outside the mixer of the present invention, or start inside the mixer and continue outside the mixer.
  • Gas-liquid reaction involved in the present invention is suitable for a gas desulfurization technique, particularly for mixing reaction of acid gas and alkaline liquid, thereof, with at least one alkaline liquid containing at least one alcohol amine compound or hydroxid.
  • Said alcohol amine compounds are preferably monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, diisopropanolamine, N-methyl diethanolamine, N-ethyl diethanolamine, N-propyl diethanolamine, N-butyl diethanolamine and other alkaline solution.
  • Said alcohol amine compounds can further be mixed with other co-desulfurization solvent (e.g. sulfolane) in different volume ratios to achieve better desulfurization efficiency.
  • co-desulfurization solvent e.g. sulfolane
  • Said hydroxide is preferably sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH), calcium hydroxide (CaOH), ammonium hydroxide and other alkaline solutions.
  • Said acid gas is preferably natural gas, refinery gas, tail gas, syngas and the like containing impurities such as hydrogen sulfide, organic sulphur (thiols), carbon dioxide.
  • mixing ratio, flow rate, mixing temperature and rotation speed and other experimental parameters can be adjusted by system software to achieve rapid desulfurization reaction and optimum desulfurization efficiency.
  • Said gas desulfurization reaction can be performed outside the mixer of the present invention, or starts inside the mixer and continues outside the mixer.
  • Said gas desulfurization technique of the present invention is also suitable for any gas and liquid reaction. Further, the application of liquid-liquid reaction of the present invention is suitable for gas desulfurization technique, particularly for mixing reaction of acid gas and alkaline liquid, wherein at least one alkaline liquid contains at least one alcohol amine compound or hydroxide.
  • liquid phase desulfurization is suitable for redox reaction of active fluids containing an oxidant in acidic medium, wherein at least one active fluid contains at least one sulphur-containing compound.
  • Said sulphur-containing is particularly dialkyl substituted sulfides, dialkyl substituted thiophene and its derivatives, alkyl substituted benzothiophene and its derivatives, and alkyl substituted dibenzothiophene and its derivatives.
  • Said alkyl comprises methyl, ethyl, propyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl, ethylhexyl, nonyl, and the like.
  • Said oxidant comprises peroxides and other oxides, particularly H 2 O 2 , O 3 , N 2 O, ClO 2 , ClO “ , ( CH 3 ) 2 CO 2 , t-BuOOH, C 5 HnNO 2 , ClO 3 " , HSO 3 “ , 1O 4 " , and the like.
  • Said acid medium comprises inorganic acids and organic acids, particularly hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, sulphuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, boracic acid, carbonic acid, methanoic acid, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, and the like.
  • Said oxidation-desulfurization reaction can be performed outside the mixer of the present invention, or starts inside the mixer and continues outside the mixer.
  • Said substance reaction in the apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned, and it can also involve various organic chemical reactions, such as hydrogenation reaction, hydroformylation reactions, carbonylation reactions, dimerization and oligomerization of olefins, Diels-Alder reactions, acylation reactions, Heck reactions, Suzuki reactions, Stille coupling reaction, Trost-Tsuji coupling reaction, allylation reaction, nucleophilic displacement reaction, Baylis-Hillman reaction, Wittig reaction, free radicals cycloaddition reactions, asymmetric ring opening reaction of epoxides, continuous multistep reactions, and enzyme catalyzed organic reaction and asymmetric synthesis reaction, and the like. Reactants of said respective reaction can react rapidly, even sometimes without catalyst needed in the traditional reactions.
  • organic chemical reactions such as hydrogenation reaction, hydroformylation reactions, carbonylation reactions, dimerization and oligomerization of olefins, Diels-Alder reactions,
  • the above-mentioned oxidation-desulfurization reaction can be performed within the the apparatus of the present invention, and also can be performed within the containing chamber with two smooth surfaces.
  • Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for desulfurizing sulfur-containing material, comprising the steps of providing a desulfurizer(s) and sulphur-containing material; providing a containing chamber, which is formed by a first element and a second element arranged within the first element wherein the second element can rotate relatively to the first element under the action of external force; feeding the desulfurizer and sulphur-containing material into the containing chamber to be processed.
  • the surface of the first or second element toward said containing chamber can be smooth, and also can be non-smooth.
  • the surface of the first or second element toward said containing chamber can be arranged with a disturbing part, and also can be without a disturbing part.
  • Said sulphur-containing material comprises sulfur-containing gas or/and sulfur-containing liquid.
  • Sulfur-containing gas comprises natural gas and liquid comprises sulfur-containing crude oil.
  • Desulfurizer can be any kind of desulfurizers in the art.
  • the thickness of said containing chamber is on the order of micrometers.
  • R denotes methyl ( CH 3 ) , ethyl ( C 2 H 5 ) , propyl ( C 3 H 7 ) , butyl ( C 4 H 9 ) or other linear or branched alkyls with 1-20 carbons, and also can denote methoxy group, ethoxy group, propoxy group, butoxy group or other linear or branched alkoxy with 1-20 carbons;
  • R 1 , R 2 each denotes methyl ( CH 3 ) , ethyl ( C 2 H 5 ) , propyl ( C 3 H 7 ) , butyl ( C 4 H 9 ) or other linear or branched alkyls with 1-20 carbons;
  • R 3 denotes H (hydrogen), methyl ( CH 3 ) , ethyl ( C 2 H 5 ) , propyl ( C 3 H 7 ) , butyl ( C 4 H 9 ) or other linear or branched alkyls with 1-20 carbons;
  • X denotes chlorine atom ( Cl ) , bromine atom ( Br ) , iodine atom ( I ) or the like;
  • Y denotes PF 6 -, BF 4 " , CH 3 SO 3 " , CH 3 CO 3 -, N ( SO 2 CF 3 ) ⁇ or the like;
  • M denotes sodium (Na), potassium (K), silver (Ag), ammonium ion (NH 4 + ) or the like;
  • H denotes hydrogen atom
  • N denotes nitrogen atom.
  • Riand R 2 can substitute separately or together form into various rings.
  • the possible structures are as follows:
  • R denotes H (hydrogen), methyl (CH 3 ), ethyl (C 2 H 5 ) or other linear or branched alkyls with 1-10 carbons.
  • R can be same or different, and the adjacent R groups can substitute separately or together form into ring.
  • R denotes H (hydrogen), methyl (CH 3 ), ethyl (C 2 Hs) or other linear or branched alkyls with 1-10 carbons.
  • R can be same or different, and the adjacent R groups can substitute separately or together form into ring.
  • the temperature is in the range from room temperature (RT) to the maximum temperature ( Tmax ) of the mixer which is commonly about 150 0 C; rotation speed is in the range from zero to the maximum rotation speed( Vmax )of the mixer which is commonly about 10000 round per minute (RPM).
  • the above-mentioned ionic liquid preparation can be performed within the apparatus of the present invention, and also can do within the containing chamber with both smooth surfaces.
  • Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for processing ionic liquid, comprising the following steps: providing at least two kinds of ionic liquids; providing a containing chamber, which is formed by a first element and a second element arranged within the first element wherein the second element can rotate relatively to the first element under the action of external force; feeding said ionic liquids into said containing chamber to be processed.
  • the surface of the first or second element toward said containing chamber can be smooth, and also can be non-smooth.
  • the surface of the first or second element toward said containing chamber can be arranged with a disturbing part, and also can be without a disturbing part.
  • the thickness of said containing chamber is on the order of micrometers.
  • said apparatus of the present invention can also be used in any chemical reaction or green chemical reaction with ionic liquids as solvent or catalyst.
  • Said methods of the present invention can also be widely used to prepare inorganic substance, organic substance, medicament, catalyst, macromolecular polymer and the like.
  • Said chemical reaction or green chemical reaction system mainly involves hydrogenation reaction, hydroformylation reaction, carbonylation reaction, dimerization and oligomerization of olefins, Diels-Alder reaction, Friedel-Crafts reaction, acylation reaction, selective alkylation reaction, Heck reaction, Suzuki reaction, Stille coupling reaction, Trost-Tsuji coupling reaction, allylation reaction, oxidation reaction, nucleophilic displacement reaction, Baylis-Hillman reaction, Wittig reaction, Free radicals cycloaddition reaction, asymmetric ring opening reaction of epoxides, continuous multistep reaction, and enzyme catalyzed organic reaction and asymmetric synthesis reaction, and the like.
  • a material processing apparatus with a narrow processing chamber and a rapidly rotating rotor can provide a high shear force, and therefore can be used to rupture cell walls.
  • the material processing apparatus is preferably equipped with an efficient cooling system for cooling the material processing apparatus and preventing it from being partially over-heated because over-heat may result in protein inactivation or coagulation during cell disruption.
  • the material processing apparatus is capable of disrupting various amounts of cell (e.g. a small amount such as ImI, or a large amount for continuous processing) and therefore can be widely employed for cell disruption both in lab-scale and in industrial-scale.
  • a rotating rate of the rotor and a reaction time can be accurately adjusted and controlled. Experiments may be done at different conditions.
  • either the rotating rate of the rotor or the reaction time (or both) may be varied. Therefore conditions for cell disruption can be varied according to purposes of the research. For example, if the purpose is to achieve subcellular organelles, the rotor may be firstly set at a high rotating rate to produce a high shear force to rupture cell walls, and then the rotating rate of the rotor may be decreased and controlled to selectively rupture cell membrane.
  • the cells used are yeast cells which can be bought from markets, such as Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 and Crystal Violet.
  • the yeast cells are dispersed in a cell lysis solution.
  • the cell lysis solution may include 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH8.5), 2 mM EDTA, and 100 mM NaCl (also, Triton X-100, urea and lvsozyme may be added, depending on needs).
  • a temperature of the material processing apparatus is set at -5°C.
  • the cell lysis solution containing the yeast cells is fed at a rate of 0.5mL/min.
  • Disruption experiments are carried out respectively at rotor rotating rates of 0, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000 and 8000 rpm. After each experiment, ImI of sample is collected to measure the protein content in the sample, so as to determine at which rotating rate a lowest cell disruption rate is achieved, and at which rotating rate equilibrium of cell disruption rate is achieved. Further, effects of different retention time can be researched at a same rotating rate.
  • a reference cell disruption experiment can be carried out by other methods for cell disruption, such as homogenate method by homogenizer and grinding method, using a same cell lysis solution. Protein yield is measured.
  • Protein yield can be an index for estimating the cell disruption efficiency. Effluent from the material processing apparatus is collected, separated by centrifuge. Protein content in the separated upper clean liquid is measured by the Bradford method, and the protein yield can be calculated. In addition, disruption degree can be observed by a microscope. The effluent is smeared, dyed with Gram crystal violet for 0.5min, and then is observed by the microscope.
  • Protein content can be measured by the Bradford method.
  • apparatus of the present invention can also be used in pharmacy industry, particularly to produce injectable medicaments for external use or internal use.
  • the application in materials preparation by said apparatus of the present invention is suitable for homogeneous liquid reaction system, heterogeneous gas-liquid reaction system, and heterogeneous liquid-liquid reaction system.
  • said apparatus in order to apply said apparatus of the present invention in a better way, said apparatus can be connected with computer software system which is used to control the operation of the whole apparatus. Accordingly, rapid, accurate, automatic, continuous and batched sample preparation can be achieved.
  • the connecting means can be any means in the art.
  • Liquid raw material involved in the above-mentioned experimental steps can be a single substance; and also can be a mixture of two or more kinds of substances. Said mixture can be automatically prepared by an automatic liquid distributor; and also can be prepared by a multi-channel liquid feeding system arranged in front of the inlets of said apparatus.
  • the above-mentioned experimental procedure is programmed in system software.
  • the order of the involved steps of the procedure can be adjusted if needed, for example it can orderly be mixing, collecting, cleaning and drying; or be cleaning, drying, mixing, collecting, cleaning and drying.
  • Method for drying is blow-drying with an inert gas.
  • the parameters can be selected or adjusted according to the following: the amount of the raw materials fed through the two inlets can be ImI, 5ml, 10ml, 20ml, 25ml, 50ml, or the like; the type of mixing ratio can be mol ratio, volume ratio, mass ratio; rotation speed can be from zero to 12000 rounds per minute (RPM); flow rate can be from zero to 10 ml/min; the temperature of the feeding means can be from room temperature to 100 0 C ; the reactor temperature can be from room temperature to 250 0 C ; the shaft bearing temperature can be from room temperature to 80 0 C.
  • Cleaning solvent involved in said experimental procedure is selected according to the solubility of raw materials to be mixed and products, and it can be a single cleaning solvent, and also can be a mixture of cleaning solvents. The cleanness can be fulfilled through many steps with many different cleaning solvents for many times.
  • the common cleaning solvents comprise n-hexane, methylene dichloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, benzene, toluene, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, methanol, ethanol, water and the like.
  • Said sample processing methods involved in said experimental procedure comprise solvent extraction, centrifugal separation, filtration, vacuum drying, column chromatography separation.
  • Common solvents used in said solvent extraction are solvents that are insoluble in products but soluble in raw materials, especially with low boiling point and good volatility.
  • Common organic solvents are n-hexane, methylene dichloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, benzene, toluene, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, methanol, and ethanol.
  • Said column chromatography separation is used for crude separation of products, commonly comprising adsorption chromatography separation, gel permeation chromatography separation, ion exchange chromatography seperation, in which the common stuffing is consisted of silica gel, alumina, silicon alkylation series gels, cellulose, polyamide, or the like.
  • Said sample analysis method involved in said experimental procedure mainly comprises Capillary Electrophoresis (CE), Gas Chromatography (GC), Liquid Chromatography (LC), Inductive Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometer ( ICP ) , Mass Spectrometry ( MS or QMS ) , Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic (FTIR ) analysis, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), X-ray Diffractive ( XRD ) analysis, Optical Microscopical image analysis ( OM ) , Scanning Electron Microscopical image analysis ( SEM ) , Atom Force Microscopical image analysis ( AFM ) , Transmission Electron Microscopical image analysis ( TEM ) .
  • CE Capillary Electrophoresis
  • GC Gas Chromatography
  • LC Liquid Chromatography
  • ICP Inductive Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometer
  • MS or QMS Mass Spectrometry
  • FTIR Fourier Transform Infrared
  • CE, GC and LC are suitable for separation analysis, qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis of mixing products; ICP is suitable for qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis of metallic elements in mixing products; MS, FTIR and NMR are suitable for molecular weight, structure and functional group analysis of mixing products; OM, SEM, AFM, TEM and XRD are suitable for shape and configuration inspection, such as color, particle size and uniformity.
  • Analysis methods involved in the present invention can be used separately or in combination such as the combination of CE ( or HPLC, GC ) with MS, the combination of CE ( or HPLC, GC ) with FTIR. The combination of several analysis methods is good for rapid and accurate analysis of mixing products.
  • the material processing system of the present invention has many advantages. For example:
  • Rapidness due to the use of the high speed shear mixer, reactants can be rapidly and efficiently mixed at the beginning to make the mixing in thoroughly uniformity or the reaction tends to completeness. Further, because the whole process proceeds under a continuous flow condition, mixing time or reaction time is greatly shortened. In general, the whole process can be fulfilled within several minutes or about ten minutes, which is quicker than stirring mixing in the prior art.
  • Automatization is one form of automatization. It is connected with high speed shear mixing and then is used for sample preparation, which makes the whole preparation process comprise reaction time and speed can be controlled by a uniform system software. In this way, it is easy to control and operate and the preparation process is visual. Furthermore, efficiency has been improved and it is easy for industrialization.
  • the first and second member 11 and 12 are made from stainless steel.
  • the first member 11 functions as a stator and the second member 12 functions as a rotor.
  • the stator 11 has a smooth inner surface
  • rotor 12 has an outer surface divided into a pre-processing section 121 formed with rectangular stripes and a smooth processing section 122.
  • the pre-processing section 121 constitutes 40% of a total length of the pre-processing and processing sections.
  • the stripes have a width of lmm, a height of 3.5mm. A distance between two adjacent stripes is 10mm.
  • Tops of the stripes on the pre-processing section 121 are 0.15mm from the inner surface of the stator 11, and the processing section 122 is 0.75mm from the inner surface of the stator 11.
  • a screw feeder 20 is connected to the first material inlet 113, and a syringe pump is connected to the second material inlet 114.
  • An application example of the material processing apparatus is to prepare ionic liquid of 3 -ethyl- 1 -methyl imidazolium chloroaluminate salt from 3 -ethyl- 1 -methyl imidazolium chloride and aluminum chloride (AlCl 3 ), by such a reaction: [emim]Cl(s) + nAlCl 3 (s) - -[emim]Cl - nAlCl 3 (1) + Q ⁇ whQrdn
  • n means a proportion larger than zero
  • *- * 3 is 3 -ethyl- 1 -methyl imidazolium chloroaluminate salt

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention porte sur un appareil (10) de traitement de matériaux comprenant un premier élément (11) et un deuxième élément (12) tournant par rapport au premier (11) et au moins partiellement imbriqué sans le premier (11). Les premier et deuxième éléments (11, 12) forment un passage de traitement sensiblement annulaire (110) entre eux. Le passage de traitement (110) présente une zone de prétraitement (111) et une zone de traitement (112). Une surface de la circonférence du premier élément (11) ou du deuxième élément (12) faisant face à la zone de prétraitement (111) présente des parties saillantes et-ou des parties concaves, tandis que les surfaces de la circonférence du premier élément (11) ou du deuxième élément (12) faisant face à la zone à la zone de traitement (112) sont relativement lisses. La zone de traitement (112) est conçue pour que les matériaux s'y trouvant puissent former un flux de Couette lorsque la vitesse de rotation relative entre le premier et le deuxième élément (11, 12) atteint une certaine valeur.
PCT/CN2007/071401 2006-12-30 2007-12-29 Appareil de traitement de matériaux présentant une zone de prétraitement et une zone de traitement Ceased WO2008080366A1 (fr)

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CN200610172190 2006-12-30
CN200610173371 2006-12-30
CN200610172191.5 2006-12-30
CN200610172191 2006-12-30
CN200610173371.5 2006-12-30
CN200610172190.0 2006-12-30

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008041491A1 (de) * 2008-08-22 2010-02-25 Universität Bremen Farblose ionische Flüssigkeit und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
WO2010081477A1 (fr) * 2009-01-13 2010-07-22 Biogasol Ipr Aps Appareil pour le mélange rapide de milieux et procédé correspondant
CN105944596A (zh) * 2016-06-27 2016-09-21 安徽省思维新型建材有限公司 物料混料装置
CN106076151A (zh) * 2016-06-27 2016-11-09 安徽省思维新型建材有限公司 物料混合缓冲装置
CN106076139A (zh) * 2016-06-27 2016-11-09 安徽省思维新型建材有限公司 水性涂料物料输送系统
CN106110934A (zh) * 2016-06-27 2016-11-16 安徽省思维新型建材有限公司 物料投放混合装置

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CN1324268A (zh) * 1998-10-20 2001-11-28 卡尔特有限公司 尤其用于单螺杆挤压机的转子一定子式混合装置
CN1503690A (zh) * 2001-03-07 2004-06-09 材料处理的方法和设备
WO2006063516A1 (fr) * 2004-12-13 2006-06-22 Accelergy Shanghai R & D Center Appareil de traitement de materiaux

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CN1324268A (zh) * 1998-10-20 2001-11-28 卡尔特有限公司 尤其用于单螺杆挤压机的转子一定子式混合装置
CN1503690A (zh) * 2001-03-07 2004-06-09 材料处理的方法和设备
WO2006063516A1 (fr) * 2004-12-13 2006-06-22 Accelergy Shanghai R & D Center Appareil de traitement de materiaux

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008041491A1 (de) * 2008-08-22 2010-02-25 Universität Bremen Farblose ionische Flüssigkeit und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
DE102008041491B4 (de) * 2008-08-22 2013-06-13 Universität Bremen Verfahren zur Herstellung einer farblosen ionischen Flüssigkeit
WO2010081477A1 (fr) * 2009-01-13 2010-07-22 Biogasol Ipr Aps Appareil pour le mélange rapide de milieux et procédé correspondant
JP2012515069A (ja) * 2009-01-13 2012-07-05 バイオガソル・イピエァ・エピエス 媒体の急速混合のための装置および方法
AU2010205966B2 (en) * 2009-01-13 2014-06-05 Biogasol Aps Apparatus for rapid mixing of media and method
CN102271792B (zh) * 2009-01-13 2014-09-17 拜格索有限公司 快速混合介质的装置及方法
US8845976B2 (en) 2009-01-13 2014-09-30 Biogasol Aps Apparatus for rapid mixing of media and method
US9605223B2 (en) 2009-01-13 2017-03-28 Biogasol Aps Apparatus for rapid mixing of media and method
CN105944596A (zh) * 2016-06-27 2016-09-21 安徽省思维新型建材有限公司 物料混料装置
CN106076151A (zh) * 2016-06-27 2016-11-09 安徽省思维新型建材有限公司 物料混合缓冲装置
CN106076139A (zh) * 2016-06-27 2016-11-09 安徽省思维新型建材有限公司 水性涂料物料输送系统
CN106110934A (zh) * 2016-06-27 2016-11-16 安徽省思维新型建材有限公司 物料投放混合装置

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