WO2008061620A1 - Seeder - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a seeder for scattering seeds and/or fertilizers. Said sowing machine comprises a frame (1), a storage container (9), seed coulters and depth control rollers (8) that are associated with the seed coulters and are mounted in an inclined manner in relation to the direction of travel. Each seed coulter (7) is associated with two depth control rollers (8) which, when viewed from above, are positioned in an inclined position which opens out into a V shape in the direction of travel for controlling the depth of the seed coulters (7) in the earth and for at least partially reintroducing the earth that is thrown by the seed coulter (7) from the sowing furrow to the side back into the sowing furrow. The aim of the invention is to produce a seeder with depth control rollers (8) having an essentially reduced risk of obstruction and without scraper elements. The depth control rollers (8) comprise, at least in the external radial area (20), a holding disk (8) that is configured as an annular disk such that, respectively, the rod-shaped support and compression elements (21) are arranged at a distance in relation to each other, in the at least approximately axial direction in each of the external radial areas (20) of the annular disk (19).

Description

 seeder

The invention relates to a sowing machine according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such a seeder is known for example from DE 102 28 020 A1.

This seeder has chisel gravel that pull a seed furrow into the soil in which seed and / or fertilizer are deposited. Behind and the sides of the coulters are arranged on the coulters obliquely to the direction of employment employed depth guide rollers, each coulter two depth control rollers, which are seen in plan opposite obliquely and employed to open in the direction of travel V, are assigned. These depth guide rollers are assigned to the coulters for depth control of the coulters in the soil and for at least partial repatriation of the seed coulter from the seed furrow thrown aside in the seed furrow. As a result, the soil thrown from the seed furrow is caught by the depth guide rollers set obliquely to the direction of travel and returned to the seed furrow, so that the seed and / or fertilizer deposited in the seed furrow is covered with soil.

The depth guide rollers have a relatively wide running surface. Soil parts adhere to this tread so that, especially on damp and greasy soils, a lot of soil adheres to the tread relatively quickly and builds up into a constantly growing ring. In order to counteract this, scrapers are arranged on depth guide rollers with a wide running surface in order to strip off the floor parts adhering to the running surface. However, this requires a considerable traction, so that relatively strong and attractive tractors have to pull the drill.

The invention has for its object to provide a seeder with depth control rollers with significantly reduced susceptibility to clogging and without Abstreiferelemente.

A first solution to this problem is achieved in that the depth control rollers have a retaining disc formed at least in the outer radial region, that in each case in the outer radial regions of the annular disc spaced apart in at least approximately axial direction projecting and as a rod-shaped support and / or Druckelemeπte are arranged. As a result of these measures are the support surfaces so narrow and spaced from each other so that not much ground can build on the coming into contact with the ground parts of the rollers, but always breaks away due to the narrow base of the radial regions of the edge disc and the rod-shaped support and pressure elements , So it is achieved a self-cleaning. Due to the configuration of the annular disc and the rod-shaped support and pressure elements on the one hand sinking of the depth control rollers in the ground is prevented and at the same time the discs and the support and compression bars are so narrow and so far apart that no larger soil layer attach to them without scrapers can.

A further solution of the problem is achieved in that the depth guide rollers have a holding plate formed at least in the outer radial region as an annular disk, that in each case a plurality of annular disks are arranged with a narrow edge area spaced from each other. As a result of these measures is also achieved that due to the narrow design of the annular discs and the spacing of the annular discs to each other no bottom ring can permanently build on, but in each case breaks away very early again, so that there is a self-cleaning the depth control rollers.

A simple arrangement of the annular discs to each other can be achieved by means of spacers.

In order to achieve a sufficient load-bearing capacity and the desired self-cleaning of the depth control rollers, it is provided that support and / or pressure elements designed as rod-shaped elements are arranged at least on one of the annular disks.

An advantageous embodiment of the support and pressure elements results from the fact that the support and / or pressure elements are configured U-shaped or annular.

Particularly advantageous in terms of self-cleaning, it has been found that the support and / or pressure elements are arranged on one side of the mounting plate and facing outward. In order for the depth control rollers to be able to catch and return the soil thrown up by the seed coulters in a particularly advantageous manner and at the same time to support the support and pressure elements, it is provided that the mounting plate is disk-shaped.

A good arrangement of the support and pressure elements on the mounting plate and a simultaneous advantageous collection of the earth and its return is achieved in that the support disc, at least in its free outer circumferential edge region on which the support and / or pressure elements are arranged, disc-like and / or is designed as a flat flat disc.

So that the support and pressure elements do not act like a rake and tear up too many plant parts, it is provided that the web connecting the two parallel webs of the U-shaped support and / or pressure elements connecting web on the side facing away from the mounting region of the support or pressure elements is arranged.

Thus, no bottom bridges between the individual support and pressure elements can form, it is provided that the distance between the support and / or pressure elements to each other is between 60-75mm, preferably 67mm.

So that between the individual webs of the support and pressure elements also no bottom bridges can form, it is provided that the distance between the parallel webs of the U and / or annular support and / or pressure elements is between 60-75mm and preferably 67mm.

In order to achieve a sufficient load capacity, it has been found to be advantageous that the webs have a length between 50 and 55mm.

In order to achieve a very good support of the support and pressure elements and a good uniform depth control of the coulters by the depth control rollers, it is provided that the outer contact area of the support and / or pressure elements at an angle between 65 ° and 90 °, preferably about 70 ° are arranged to the retaining disc plane. A further solution of the problem is achieved in that the depth guide rollers have a holding plate, which is designed as an annular disc at least in the outer radial region, with a circumferential elastic ring. As a result of this measure is prevented by the circulating elastic ring, by its walken when rolling on the ground surface, that can build up a large earth ring on the tread of the support disc. On the contrary, adhering earth bursts off very early due to the walking of the tire from the elastic ring. A particularly good walking is achieved in that the elastic ring has a circumferential cavity.

In order to ensure that the disk is sufficiently narrow in its radial area so that no ground can build up in an undue manner, it is provided that the parts of the roller resting on the ground, such as the outer radial area of the annular disk, the support and / or pressure elements, the elastic ring have a maximum width of 30 mm, preferably less than 20 mm, so that a constituent soil layer or bottom ring automatically breaks away from the roll during unrolling on the ground.

Furthermore, element protection for a depth control roller according to claim 18 is claimed.

Further details of the invention can be taken from the remaining subclaims, the example description and the drawings. Show here

1, the drill in side view and schematic diagram,

2, the coulter in side view,

3 the coulter in the view III - III,

4 the coulter in the view from behind,

5 is a depth control role in side view,

6 is a depth control role in the view from behind, 7 is a depth control role in perspective,

8 is a further depth control role in perspective view,

9, the depth control roller of FIG. 8 in the view from behind,

10, the depth control roller of FIG. 8 in side view,

Fig. 11 shows a further depth guide tube in side view and

Fig. 12, the depth control roller according to FIG., 11 in longitudinal section.

The drill for use for direct sowing and mulch sowing has the elongate support frame 1, which is supported on the ground 3 via wheels 2, on. The support frame 1 has on its front side the pulling and coupling device 4 for coupling to the three-point hitch of a tractor. At the coupling device 4, the height-adjustable Abstellstützen 4 'can be arranged. On the rear side of the support frame 1, the coupling device 5, which can be raised and lowered hydraulically by means of hydraulic elements, is provided for coupling working tools, e.g. Arranged raking. Before the wheels 2 are on the support frame 1 on the support means 6, the Meißelsäschare 7 arranged with the rollers 8, which lead the Meißelsäschare 7 in depth in the ground. The reservoir 9 is arranged on the support frame. Via a pneumatic conveying and metering device 10, the seed located in the reservoir 9 is fed to the coulters 8 via the distributor heads 11 and the seed lines 12.

The Meißelsäschare are arranged on the supporting elements 6 via holders designed as parallelogram holders 13. The parallelogram-like holder 13 has a two-part upper strut 14, which are connected to each other via a hinge 15 on. By means of the spring 16, these struts 14 are held in the extended position. In the exemplary embodiment, the Meißelsäschar 7 on a handle standing tip 17. However, it is also possible that the front lower portion of the Meißelsäschares 7 runs inclined downwards such that the blade tip is lagging relative to the other front areas. The driving and working direction is indicated by the arrow 17. Each chisel 7, two depth guide rollers 8 are assigned, seen in plan view as shown in FIG. 3, opposite obliquely and are employed to a opening in the direction of travel 17 V arranged. The two rollers 8 are fixed by means of a roller 8 arranged between the holder 18 to the crowd 7. The rollers 18 are inclined to the direction of travel 17 employed that seen in plan view, the center line of the rollers 8 with the direction of travel 17 lying straight line forms an angle between 5 ° and 10 °, preferably about 8 °. The coulters 8 assigned to a coulter 7 are arranged at such a distance from one another that on the rearward side in the direction of travel 17, they are inclined.

The rollers 8 have a disc-shaped support plate 19, which is designed as an annular disc. At the free outer circumferential edge region 20 of the disc-like and flat flat support plate 19 projecting support or compression rods 21 are arranged in the radial direction. The support and pressure rods 21 are configured U-shaped or annular. The web 23 connecting the two webs 22 of the U-shaped or annular support or pressure elements is arranged on the side facing away from the attachment region of the support or pressure elements 23, as FIGS. 5-7 show. The rod-shaped pressure elements 21 are each arranged spaced from one another in the outer radial region 20 of the annular disc 19 and have at least approximately in the axial direction. The support and pressure elements 21 have a round cross-section. The distance between the support and pressure elements 21 to each other is between 60 and 75mm. The distance between the parallel webs of the U and / or annular support elements is also between 60 and 75mm. The webs 22 have a length between 50 and 75mm. The outer contact area of the support and / or pressure elements 21 are arranged at an angle between 65 ° and 90 °, preferably about 70 ° to the retaining disk plane.

The depth guide roller 24 according to FIGS. 8-10 differs from the preceding depth guide rollers 8 in that two mounting disks 25 are arranged spaced apart from each other with a narrow edge region 26 and are spaced from one another by means of spacer elements 27. These spacers 27 are arranged at a great distance from each other, so that in the embodiment, only four spacers 27 hold the annular discs 25 at a distance. The annular discs 25 support with their outer narrow edge region 26 on the soil surface and thereby lead the coulters 7 in depth. The depth control roller 28 according to FIGS. 11 and 12 differs from the depth control roller according to FIGS. 1 to 11 in that the depth control roller 28 has an elastic ring 31 which revolves at least in the outer radial region 29 of the retaining disk 30 formed as an annular disk. This elastic ring 31 has a circumferential cavity 32.

Characterized in that through the cavity 32, the elastic ring 31 can walk particularly well, bursting on the elastic ring 31 on its tread adhering floor parts.

The resting on the floor parts of the roller 8, 24, 28, such as the outer radial portion 20 of the annular disc 19, 25, 30, the support or pressure elements 21, the elastic ring 31 have a range of max. 40mm, preferably less than 40mm on, preferably less than 40mm, so that an anabolic bottom layer or bottom ring automatically breaks away or dissolves during rolling on the floor of the roller 8, 24, 28.

Should soil build up on the outer regions of the annular discs 19, 25, 30 or the support and pressure elements, it will break off relatively quickly since the base, i. the narrow peripheral edge of the support disk 19, 25, 30 or the support surface of the support and pressure elements 21 is too narrow that no Erdrand can build up permanently. On the contrary, the soil layer that builds up breaks off the outer parts of the depth guide roller 8, 24, 28 when touching the ground.

The operation of the coulter 7 with the rollers 8, 24, 28 is the following:

In particular, when used on light, crumbly and humus-like soils soil is deposited in large quantities of the coulter 7 when tearing a seed furrow in the soil side of the seed furrow as earth dams. This soil is collected by the discs 19, 25, 30 of the depth control rollers 8, 24, 28 and returned to the seed furrow.

Claims

claims 1. seeder for spreading seed and / or fertilizers with a frame, reservoir, coulters and the coulters assigned and obliquely employed to the direction of depth guide rollers, each coulter two depth control rollers, seen in plan opposite inclined and employed to a opening in the direction of travel V. are, for depth guidance of the coulters in the soil and for at least partial repatriation of the seed coulter from the seed furrow thrown aside to the side are assigned to the seed furrow, characterized in that the depth guide rollers (8) formed at least in the outer radial region (20) as an annular disc Holding disc (19), that in each case in the outer radial regions (20) of the annular disc (19) spaced apart in at least approximately axial direction protruding and are arranged as a rod-shaped support and / or pressure elements (21). 2. seeder for spreading seed and / or fertilizers with a frame, reservoir, coulters and the coulters assigned and obliquely employed to the direction of depth guide rollers, each coulter two depth guide rollers, seen in plan opposite inclined and employed to a opening in the direction of travel V. are, for depth guidance of the coulters in the soil and for at least partially repatriation of the seed from the seed furrow thrown aside to the side are assigned to the seed furrow, characterized in that the depth guide rollers (24) formed at least in the outer radial region as an annular disc mounting plate (25 ), that in each case a plurality of annular discs (25) with a narrow edge region (26) are arranged spaced from each other. 3. Seeder according to claim 2, characterized in that the annular discs (25) are arranged by means of spacer elements (27) to each other at a distance. 4. Seeder according to claim 2, characterized in that at least on one of the annular discs (19) formed as rod-shaped elements support and / or pressure elements (21) are arranged. 5. Seeder according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support and / or pressure elements (21) are U-shaped or annular. 6. Seeder according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support and / or pressure elements (21) are arranged on one side of the support disc (19) and facing outward. 7. Seeder according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized exhibit. 8. Seeder according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support disc (19, 25) is disc-shaped. 9. Seeder according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support disc (19, 25) at least in its free outer circumferential edge region (20, 26) on which the support and / or pressure elements (21) are arranged, disc-like and / or flat flat disc (19, 25) is formed. 10. Seeder according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two parallel webs (22) of the U-shaped support and / or pressure elements (21) connecting web (23) on the mounting region of the support or Pressure elements (21) facing away from the side is arranged. 11. Seeder according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance between the support and / or pressure elements (21) to each other is between 60-75mm, preferably 67mm. 12. Seeder according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance of the parallel webs (22) of the U-uπd / or annular support and / or pressure elements (21) is between 60-75mm and preferably 67mm. 13. Seeder according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the webs (22) have a length between 50-75mm, the length is preferably 70mm. 14. Seeder according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer contact area of the support and / or pressure elements (21) are arranged at an angle between 65 ° and 90 °, preferably about 70 ° to the support disc plane. 15. Seeder for spreading seed and / or fertilizers with a frame, reservoir, coulters and the coulters assigned and obliquely employed to the direction of depth guide rollers, each coulter two depth control rollers, seen in plan opposite inclined and employed to a opening in the direction of travel V. are, for depth guidance of the coulters in the soil and for at least partial repatriation of the seed coulter from the seed furrow thrown aside to the side are assigned to the seed furrow, characterized in that the depth guide rollers (28) formed at least in the outer radial region as an annular disc (30) Have holding plate with a circumferential elastic ring (31). 16. Seeder according to claim 12, characterized in that the elastic ring (31) has a circumferential cavity (32). 17. Seeder according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the resting on the floor parts of the roller (8, 24, 28) as the outer radial portion (20, 26) of the annular disc (19, 25), the Supporting and / or pressure elements (21), the elastic ring (31) has a width of max. 30 mm, preferably less than 20 mm, so that a constituent soil layer or bottom ring automatically breaks away during rolling on the floor of the roller (8, 24, 28). 18. depth guide roller with support and / or pressure elements for a drill according to one or more of the preceding claims 1-17.