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WO2008049189A1 - Composant de système de moulage de métal - Google Patents

Composant de système de moulage de métal Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008049189A1
WO2008049189A1 PCT/CA2007/001717 CA2007001717W WO2008049189A1 WO 2008049189 A1 WO2008049189 A1 WO 2008049189A1 CA 2007001717 W CA2007001717 W CA 2007001717W WO 2008049189 A1 WO2008049189 A1 WO 2008049189A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
weight percent
alloy
molding
component
component body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CA2007/001717
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Frank Czerwinski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Husky Injection Molding Systems Ltd
Husky Injection Molding Systems SA
Original Assignee
Husky Injection Molding Systems Ltd
Husky Injection Molding Systems SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Husky Injection Molding Systems Ltd, Husky Injection Molding Systems SA filed Critical Husky Injection Molding Systems Ltd
Priority to CA2663683A priority Critical patent/CA2663683C/fr
Priority to EP07815906A priority patent/EP2112959A4/fr
Publication of WO2008049189A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008049189A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/007Semi-solid pressure die casting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/2015Means for forcing the molten metal into the die
    • B22D17/2023Nozzles or shot sleeves
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/22Dies; Die plates; Die supports; Cooling equipment for dies; Accessories for loosening and ejecting castings from dies
    • B22D17/2209Selection of die materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/46Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/48Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/52Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with cobalt

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to, but is not limited to, molding systems, and more specifically the present invention relates to, but is not limited to, (i) a component of a molding system, (ii) a molding system having a component, and/or (iii) a method, etc.
  • Examples of known molding systems are (amongst others): (i) the HyPETTM Molding System, (ii) the QuadlocTM Molding System, (iii) the HylectricTM Molding System, and (iv) the HyMetTM Molding System, all manufactured by Husky Injection Molding Systems Limited (Location: Bolton, Ontario, Canada; www.husky.ca).
  • a molten metallic molding material imposes challenges on materials used in components of known metal molding systems, such as: (i) high heat that causes reduction in mechanical properties (of components of the molding system, etc), and/or (ii) corrosive attack by the molten molding material on the components of the metal molding system.
  • a combination of two or more layers in a barrel generally known as a conduit or the component of the metal molding system.
  • known barrels for molding systems configured for processing magnesium alloys, etc have a body that includes two materials: (i) an Inconel 718 outer shell that provides high-temperature strength and creep resistance, and (ii) a Stellite 12 inner liner that provides corrosion resistance and wear resistance.
  • United States Patent Number 4,089,466 discloses a lining alloy for bimetallic cylinders; more specifically, this patent appears to disclose a wear and corrosion resistant alloy for lining cylinders used in extrusion and injection molding machines comprises tantalum carbide admixed with a nickel-cobalt base alloy.
  • the cylinder lining is preferably prepared by placing a quantity of the alloy in the cylinder and capping the ends of the cylinder. The cylinder is then heated above the melting point of the alloy and spun at a high rate of speed to centrifugally coat the inner surface of the cylinder.
  • the cylinder lining is preferably prepared by placing a quantity of the alloy in the cylinder and capping the ends of the cylinder. The cylinder is then heated above the melting point of the alloy and spun at a high rate of speed to centrifugally coat the inner surface of the cylinder. The cylinder's end caps are then removed and the lining finished to the correct internal diameter and finish by conventional lathe and hone means. The carbide mixture is evenly dispersed in the lining and produces a lining having desirable hardness and corrosion resistance throughout the thickness of the lining.
  • United States patent Number 4,863,661 discloses a resin molding process employing a nickel-based alloy liner; more specifically, this patent appears to disclose a method of producing cylindrical objects with one or more lobes in which the bore surfaces are completely protected by a surface layer of abrasion resistant and/or corrosion resistant alloy and which protective layer is free of any contamination by the metal of the substrate.
  • a hard, wear resistant, and corrosion resistant nickel-based alloy is especially suitable as lining material for surface of cylindrical products, such as housings or shells used in extrusion and injection molding devices for processing halogenated resins or rubbers.
  • the alloys will preferably also contain 0.5 to 5% silicon and 1 to 4% boron.
  • a method of producing cylindrical objects with one or more lobes in which the bore surfaces are completely protected by a surface layer of abrasion resistant and/or corrosion resistant alloy such as the above-described metal-based alloy.
  • United States Patent Number 5,185,162 discloses a corrosion and wear resistant bimetallic cylinder; more specifically, this patent appears to disclose a bimetallic cylinder of steel having an alloy inlay which includes chromium boride in a matrix of iron alloy containing carbon, silicon, nickel and copper.
  • the chromium boride imparts wear resistance to the inlay and relatively high contents of chromium, nickel and silicon and the presence of molybdenum and copper in the alloy make it resistant to corrosion.
  • the cylinder is useful for injection molding and extrusion of plastics.
  • United States Patent Number US 5,565,277 discloses injection molding and extrusion barrels and alloy compositions thereof. More specifically, this patent appears to disclose a bimetallic barrel for use in injection molding and extrusion.
  • the barrel is formed of a backing steel and a metal inlay liner.
  • the backing steel is selected from the group consisting of micro-alloyed steels, carbon steel 1045 and carbon steel 1060.
  • the metal inlay liner is formed of an alloy selected from the group consisting of alloys.
  • United States Patent Number 5,711,366 discloses processing corrosive molten or semi-molten metallic material in an apparatus having contact surfaces of niobium-based alloy; more specifically, this patent appears to disclose an apparatus for processing materials which are highly corrosive while in a thixotropic state (for example, aluminum).
  • the apparatus includes a barrel which is adapted to receive the material through an inlet. In the barrel, the material is heated and subjected to shearing, forming a highly corrosive, semi-solid slurry which is discharged from the barrel through a nozzle.
  • the barrel is constructed with an outer layer of a first material and an inner layer of a Nb-based alloy which is bonded to the outer layer.
  • a screw Positioned within the passageway of the barrel is a screw, the rotation of which operates to subject the material to shearing and move the material through the barrel.
  • the screw is constructed with an outer layer of the Nb-based alloy that is molecularly bonded to an inner core of a different material.
  • the Nb-based alloy is resistant to the corrosive effects of the material being processed.
  • United States Patent Number 5,752,770 discloses a barrel for a twin screw extruder with an abrasion resistant layer; more specifically, this patent appears to disclose a barrel for a twin screw extruder having a pair of helical screws has a barrel body provided with a pair of partly overlapping cylindrical bores, and the pair of helical screws are rotatably supported in the pair of cylindrical bores of the barrel to mix and extrude a molding material.
  • An abrasion resistant layer is formed in at least portions of the surfaces of the pair of cylindrical bores extending in the vicinity of at least one of the two lines of intersection of the pair of partly overlapping cylindrical bores.
  • the abrasion resistance of the abrasion resistant layer has a maximum in a portion thereof around the line of intersection of the pair of cylindrical bores and decreases gradually with distance from the line of intersection.
  • the abrasion resistant layer is formed by depositing a material containing a hard substance by build-up welding, and the hard substance content of the material in the abrasion resistant layer is varied with distance from the line of intersection.
  • the abrasion resistant layer is formed by depositing a material consisting of a corrosion resistant base alloy and a hard substance.
  • the abrasion resistant layer may be formed on a corrosion resistant layer formed over the entire surfaces of the pair of cylindrical bores.
  • United States Patent Number 5,996,679 discloses powder metallurgical, fully dense cobalt-based articles with high hardness, having good wear and corrosion resistance for use as nozzles, barrels, barrel liners and piston rings in molding systems for molding semi-solid metals (such as magnesium alloys, etc).
  • European Patent Number 1,203,831 discloses articles including stainless steels having high thermal fatigue resistance, high hot hardness, high impact strength, and low thermal expansion properties.
  • the stainless steels include, for example, die casting dies for production of parts from molten aluminum, zinc, magnesium, and brass, as well as other articles that may undergo thermal stress through high temperature cycling.
  • United States Patent Number 2006/0196626 discloses semisolid metal injection molding machine components; more specifically, this patent appears to disclose an alloy for components of semi-solid injection molding machinery.
  • the alloy is an inter-metallic-hardened steel, known as a Maraging steel alloy.
  • the Maraging steel alloy includes Cr, Co, Mo, and about 0.15% or less by weight C.
  • United State Patent Application 2004/0057862 discloses a heat-resistant martensite alloy used in high-temperature creep rapture strength and ductility, and process for producing the same; more specifically, this patent application appears to disclose a martensitic heat resistant alloy having a composition that includes, % by weight: 0.03 to 0.15% of C; 0.01 to 0.9% of Si: 0.01 to 1.5% of Mn; 8.0 to 13.0% of Cr; 0.0005 to 0.015% of Al; ;no more than 2.0% of Mo; no more than 4.0% of W; 0.05 to 0.5% of V; 0.01 to 0.2% of Nb; 0.1 to 5.0% of Co; 0.O08 to 0.03% of B; less than 0.005% of N: and Fe and inevitable impurities as the remainder, wherein (B) the contents (% by weight) of Mo, W, B and N satisfy the following formulas (B-0.772N>0.007) and (W+1.916Mo-16
  • a molding-material handling component of a metal molding system including a component body constructed of an alloy, the alloy contactable, at least in part, against a molten metallic molding material to be processed by the metal molding system, the alloy improves, at least in part, high-temperature creep resistance of the component body.
  • a metal molding system including a molding-material handling component including a component body constructed of an alloy, the alloy contactable, at least in part, against a molten metallic molding material to be processed by the metal molding system, the alloy improves, at least in part, high-temperature creep resistance of the component body.
  • a hot runner of a metal molding system including a molding-material handling component including a component body constructed of an alloy, the component including a hot-runner component, the alloy contactable, at least in part, against a molten metallic molding material to be processed by the hot runner, the alloy improves, at least in part, high-temperature creep resistance of the component body.
  • a method including constructing a molding-material handling component of a metal molding system to have an alloy, the molding-material handling component including a component body constructed of an alloy, the alloy contactable, at least in part, against a molten metallic molding material to be processed by the metal molding system, the alloy improves, at least in part, high-temperature creep resistance of the component body.
  • a molded article molded by the use of a molding-material handling component of a metal molding system, molding-material handling component including a component body constructed of an alloy, the alloy contactable, at least in part, against a molten metallic molding material to be processed by the metal molding system, the alloy improves, at least in part, high-temperature creep resistance of the component body.
  • a molded article molded by the use of a metal molding system including a molding-material handling component including a component body constructed of an alloy, the alloy contactable, at least in part, against a molten metallic molding material to be processed by the metal molding system, the alloy improves, at least in part, high-temperature creep resistance of the component body.
  • a molded article molded by the use of a hot runner of a metal molding system including a molding-material handling component including a component body constructed of an alloy, the component including a hot-runner component, the alloy contactable, at least in part, against a molten metallic molding material to be processed by the hot runner, the alloy improves, at least in part, high-temperature creep resistance of the component body.
  • a molded article molded by the use of a method including constructing a molding-material handling component of a metal molding system to have an alloy, the molding-material handling component including a component body constructed of an alloy, the alloy contactable, at least in part, against a molten metallic molding material to be processed by the metal molding system, the alloy improves, at least in part, high -temperature creep resistance of the component body.
  • a molding-material handling component of a metal molding system has a simplified structure, reduced manufacturing costs and/or reduced maintenance costs, etc.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a molding-material handling component of a metal molding system according to a first exemplary embodiment (which is the preferred embodiment); and FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a molding-material handling component of a metal molding system according to a second exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a molding-material handling component 8 (hereafter referred to as the "component 8") of a metal molding system 100 (hereafter referred to as the "system 100") according to the first exemplary embodiment.
  • the system 100 is, preferably, an injection molding system.
  • the component 8 includes a component body 9 that is constructed of an alloy; the alloy is contactable, at least in part, against a molten metallic molding material 52 (hereafter referred to as the "material” 52).
  • the material 52 is to be processed by the system 100.
  • the alloy improves, at least in part, high-temperature creep resistance of the component body 9 by at least 20 times over known alloys that are used today in known metal molding systems.
  • the component 8 of the system 100 is used to handle (convey) the material 52 that is processed by the system 100.
  • the material 52 is corrosive against components of the system 100.
  • the system 100 is used to mold a metal alloy (preferably, magnesium, or aluminum or zinc, etc) to form a molded article 54; specifically, the material 52 includes a molten alloy of magnesium, such as AZ91D.
  • the alloy improves (i) high-temperature strength, (ii) creep resistance, (iii) corrosion resistance and/or (iv) wear resistance of the component body 9.
  • the alloy withstands: (i) heat attacks and/or (ii) corrosive attacks from the material 52 (that is, either in a liquid state or a semi-molten state of the material 52).
  • the alloy includes: (i) from about 0.05 to 0.12, in weight percent, of C, (ii) from about 9.8 to 11.2, in weight percent, of Cr, (iii) from about 5 to 7, in weight percent, of Co, (iv) from about 0.5 to 1.0, in weight percent, of Mo, (v) from about less than 0.7, in weight percent, of W, (vi) from about 0.1 to 0.4, in weight percent, of V, (vii) from about 0.2 to 0.5, in weight percent, of Nb, (viii) from about 0.005 to 0.0015, in weight percent, of B, (ix) from about 0.1 to 0.8, in weight percent, of Si, (x) from about 0.3 to 1.3, in weight percent, of Mn, and (xi) from about less than, in weight percent, 0.035 of N, from about less than, in weight percent, 0.025 of P, from about less than, in weight percent, 0.015 of S, and from about, in weight percent, 0.2 to
  • C is carbon
  • Cr is chromium
  • Co is cobalt
  • Mo molybdenum
  • W is tungsten
  • V vanadium
  • Nb niobium
  • B boron
  • Si silicon
  • Mn manganese
  • N nitrogen
  • P Phosphorus
  • S Sulfur
  • Ni Nickel
  • the alloy includes amounts entirely within the ranges as identified above. Equivalents of the alloy are, preferably, those alloys that comply with DlN (Deutsches Institut fur Normung) Standard 1.491 1. Former names for the DIN 1.4911 standard are: (i) SV-RNOD Co, (ii) DIN Type (Code Number): X8CrCoNiM0106, or (iii) EN 1032, WL.
  • the system 100 includes a hopper 10 that is connected to an extruder 12.
  • the hopper 10 is used or is configured to receive granules or particles of moldable molding material 50 (hereafter referred to as the "material 50").
  • the extruder 12 includes a barrel 18 (which is an example of a conduit 1 1).
  • the barrel 18 receives the material 50 from the hopper 10.
  • a screw 14 is located in the barrel 18, and the screw 14 is used to process (or convert) the material 50 to make the injectable material 52 (the details of this conversion process is known to those skilled in the art and therefore the details will not be described here).
  • the screw 14 is connected to an actuator 16 that is used to actuate movement of the screw 14.
  • the barrel 18 includes a barrel head 19 (which is another example of the conduit 11) that is mounted to an end of the barrel 18.
  • a machine nozzle 20 (which is also another example of the conduit 1 1) is attached to the barrel head 19.
  • the machine nozzle 20 is attached to a stationary mold portion 22 of a mold 21.
  • the machine nozzle 20 passes through a stationary platen 26.
  • the nozzle 20 is used to convey the material 52 from the extruder 12 to the mold 21.
  • the mold 21 also includes a movable mold portion 24 that is movable relative to the stationary mold portion 22.
  • the stationary mold portion 22 is attached to the stationary platen 26.
  • the movable mold portion 24 is attached to (or is supported by) a movable platen 28.
  • the extruder 12 pushes or injects the material 52 into the mold 21 to mold the molded article 54.
  • the component body 9 includes, at least in part, any one or more of: the conduit 1 1, the barrel 18, the barrel head 19, the machine nozzle 20, the mold 21 and/or the mold portions 22, 24.
  • the component body 9 (implemented as barrel 18 or as the barrel head 19 for example) includes a combination of (i) an outer shell made of the alloy and (ii) an inner liner that is made of the alloy. According to another variant, the component body 9 includes a combination of (i) an inner liner that is made of the alloy and (ii) an outer shell not made of the alloy.
  • the system 100 further includes (but is not limited to), amongst other things, tangible subsystems, components, sub-assemblies, etc, that are known to persons skilled in the art; these items are not depicted and not described in detail since they are known. Such items are described in Injection Molding Handbook (Edited by Osswald/Turng/Gramann; ISBN: 3-446-21669-3; Published by HANSER Publishers, Kunststoff, Germany).
  • These items may include (for example): (i) tie bars (not depicted) that operatively couple the platens 26, 28 together, and/or (ii) a clamping mechanism (not depicted) coupled to the tie bars and used to generate a clamping force that is transmitted to the platens 26, 28 via the tie bars (so that the mold 21 may be forced to remain together while the material 52 is injected into the mold 21).
  • a mold break force actuator (not depicted) coupled to the tie bars and used to generate a mold break force that is transmitted to the platens 26, 28 via the tie bars (so as to break apart the mold 21 once the molded article 54 has been molded in the mold 21)
  • a platen stroking actuator (not depicted) coupled to the movable platen 28 and is used to move the movable platen 28 away from the stationary platen 26 so that the molded article 54 may be removed from the mold 21, and (vi) hydraulic and/or electrical control equipment, etc.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a molding-material handling component of a metal molding system according to a second exemplary embodiment.
  • the component body 9 includes, at least in part, a hot runner nozzle 32 (which is an example of a hot-runner component) of a hot runner 30.
  • the alloy of the component 8 is used in hardened and tempered state.
  • various surface treatments may be applied.
  • the surface improvements may involve thermal diffusion treatments such as nitriding, carburizing and nitrocarburizing.
  • a ceramic coating may be applied as a second method of surface improvement.
  • the third method may involve a combination of thermal diffusion and coatings.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de moulage de métal comprenant un composant fabriqué à partir d'un alliage spécifié. Le composant vient en contact avec le matériau de moulage métallique fondu. L'alliage améliore la résistance au fluage à température élevée du composant. L'alliage comprend, en % en poids, 0,05-0,12 de C, 9,8-11,2 de Cr, 5-7 de Co, 0,5-1,0 de Mo, moins de 0,7 de W, 0,1-0,4 de V, 0,2-0,5 de Nb, 0,005-0,0015 de B, 0,1-0,8 de Si, 0,3-1,3 de Mn, moins de 0,035 de N, moins de 0,025 de P, moins de 0,015 de S, et 0,2-1,2 de Ni.
PCT/CA2007/001717 2006-10-26 2007-09-26 Composant de système de moulage de métal Ceased WO2008049189A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA2663683A CA2663683C (fr) 2006-10-26 2007-09-26 Composant de systeme de moulage de metal
EP07815906A EP2112959A4 (fr) 2006-10-26 2007-09-26 Composant de système de moulage de métal

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/553,099 2006-10-26
US11/553,099 US20080099176A1 (en) 2006-10-26 2006-10-26 Component of Metal Molding System

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008049189A1 true WO2008049189A1 (fr) 2008-05-02

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PCT/CA2007/001717 Ceased WO2008049189A1 (fr) 2006-10-26 2007-09-26 Composant de système de moulage de métal

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20080099176A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2112959A4 (fr)
CA (1) CA2663683C (fr)
TW (1) TW200829350A (fr)
WO (1) WO2008049189A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2451625A4 (fr) 2009-07-08 2013-02-27 Husky Injection Molding Système de canal chauffant ayant des nanotubes de carbone
CN107008878A (zh) * 2017-05-16 2017-08-04 郭永梅 一种刀胚加工装置及其工艺

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US4089466A (en) * 1977-03-30 1978-05-16 Lomax Donald P Lining alloy for bimetallic cylinders
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CA2663683A1 (fr) 2008-05-02
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EP2112959A1 (fr) 2009-11-04
CA2663683C (fr) 2010-09-28
US20080099176A1 (en) 2008-05-01

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