WO2008041879A1 - Tracked cross-country motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The inventive motor vehicle is used for travelling through cross-country localities having different types of ground surfaces. Said tracked cross-country motor vehicle comprises a frame (1), a rear traction track (3) provided with a drive (4) and a front steering fork for controlling a front track. Said front truck is driven by an electric or hydraulic motor. The carriage frame of the front track is embodied in the form of two longitudinal girders which are connected to each other by means of axes of wheels. Said carriage frame is connected to the steering fork through a horizontal transversal axis in such a way that it is pivotable thereabout. The carriage frame is connected to the steering fork in the front or rear part thereof by means of elastic tensile and/or compression elements (11). The flanges of wheels are embodied in the form of a separate element made of antifrictional material. The side clearance of the front track chain is laterally closed by a protecting cover. The front track can be embodied in the form of a passive track provided with a mechanism for continuously and automatically maintain the track chain tightening force. Said invention makes it possible to reduce the mass and the size of the drive for the front track propeller, to simplify the structural design therefor and to decrease the rolling resistance of the tracks.

Description

 CRAWLER MOTOR VEHICLE

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Technical field

Tracked all-terrain vehicle (class B62D 55/00) is designed for movement on rough terrain with various types and types of surface and soil.

State of the art

An analogue and prototype of the invention is the caterpillar support (US patent, US 6874586 B2 (A & D BOIVIN DESIGN INC) 2005), which are installed on various vehicles (ATVs, motorcycles) instead of wheels. Thus, the motorcycle turns into a crawler all-terrain vehicle with a rear caterpillar mover and a front control caterpillar. The front caterpillar, depending on the presence of the drive on the front axle of the motorcycle wheel, can be either a caterpillar mover or a passive, driven caterpillar.

Such a tracked all-terrain vehicle contains a frame, a rear tracked drive mover with a drive, a front steering fork that controls the front track.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the relatively large mass and dimensions of the front track, the complexity of the drive of the front track, the large rolling resistance of the front track, if it is passive.

Disclosure of invention

The aim of the invention is the creation of a tracked all-terrain vehicle with a single-track layout and low weight, with a simple and compact drive of the front caterpillar mover, with a low rolling resistance of the tracks.

The first invention is aimed at simplifying the drive of the drive wheel (sprocket) of the front caterpillar mover. The tracked all-terrain vehicle contains a frame, a rear tracked mover with a drive, a front steering fork, which controls the front track. The difference is that for the drive of the front caterpillar mover and its drive wheel (sprocket), there is an electric and (or) hydraulic motor structurally combined with the shaft and axis of the drive wheel (sprocket), there is also an electric generator and (or) a hydraulic pump for them power driven by rear-wheel drive motor

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) caterpillar mover. The electric or hydraulic motor have, respectively, a rotor and a stator (impeller and housing), which are structurally made in the form of a shaft and a fixed axis of the drive wheel (sprocket) of the caterpillar mover. The following invention is aimed at increasing compactness and reducing the mass of the front control track by simplifying the design of the trolley frame and minimizing the number of rows of wheels to form an optimal longitudinal profile of the lower track branch in contact with the ground surface. The tracked all-terrain vehicle contains a frame, a rear tracked mover with a drive, a front steering fork, which controls the front track. The difference is that the frame of the front track is made in the form of two longitudinal spars, interconnected by the axles of the roller wheels and (or) the guide wheels and (or) the drive wheels (sprockets). In this case, the rows of all wheels except the front wheel are arranged in height so that the longitudinal envelope line of the lower points of the wheels forms approximately a straight line, or of less curvature, a line conditionally parallel to the supporting surface, and the front wheel is raised up above this line and the supporting surface. The trolley frame is connected to the rotation device through a horizontal transverse axis with the possibility of rotation (swing) relative to this axis. The angle of a possible rotation (swing) in each direction is over 12-15 degrees. Also, to increase the rigidity of the trolley frame, two spars can additionally be connected to each other by a crossbeam, in which the axis passes connecting the trolley frame with the steering fork.

The following invention is directed to improving the cushioning and damping of vibrations while overcoming surface irregularities of the front track. The tracked all-terrain vehicle contains a frame, a rear tracked mover with a drive, a front steering fork, which controls the front track. The difference is that the frame of the front caterpillar is connected to the steering fork via a horizontal transverse axis with the possibility of rotation (swing) relative to this axis, and is additionally connected in the front and (or) rear part with the steering fork by means of elastic tension elements and (or) compression.

The following invention is directed to reducing the rolling resistance of tracks by reducing friction at the contact points of the side of the wheels

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) (flanges) - with the guide crest of the track. The tracked all-terrain vehicle contains a frame, a rear tracked mover with a drive, a front steering fork, which controls the front track. The difference is that the flanges of the rollers and / or guide wheels are made as a separate element of antifriction material. The ribs can be made in the form of a flat ring mounted on the side surface of the wheel with, for example, rivets, in the area of attachment on the side of the wheel there is a circular, annular collar, which abuts against and where the inner end of the flange ring is centered to counteract the radial forces. This mount allows you to replace the flange during repair or as wear and tear.

The following invention is aimed at preventing an increase in rolling resistance of the front track due to the ingress of foreign objects (as well as dirt, snow) into the track chain (belt). The tracked all-terrain vehicle contains a frame, a rear tracked mover with a drive, a front steering fork, which controls the front track. The difference is that the side opening (clearance) of the front track chain (belt) is closed on the sides by a shield screen mounted on the track frame of the track.

The following invention is directed to reducing the rolling friction of the front track in the event of foreign objects getting inside the track chain if it is passive (driven). If dirt (snow, objects) gets under the roller wheels and (or) front (rear) steering wheels, the geometric length of the track chain contour increases and the track chain tension increases significantly, which significantly increases the rolling resistance of the track. The tracked all-terrain vehicle contains a frame, a rear tracked mover with a drive, a front steering fork, which controls the front track. The difference is that the front track is made passive (driven), and there is a mechanism for constant, automatic maintenance of the tension force of the track chain (belt) during movement. As an option, the mechanism of constant, automatic maintenance of the tension force of the track is made in the form of two spaced apart brackets that swing on the transverse, horizontal axes relative to the trolley frame, and the axis of the rear steering wheels is fixed between the brackets. An elastic element (s) mounted between the trolley frame and the bracket tends to rotate the brackets and

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) move the steering wheels out and back relative to the track chain, creating and maintaining the force of its tension.

A brief description of the graphic materials

In the graphic materials (Fig. 1), a variant of the general layout of the tracked all-terrain vehicle and the implementation of its basic elements are presented.

The best embodiment of the invention

The tracked all-terrain vehicle (Fig. 1) has a similar layout to a motorcycle and contains a frame 1 with a place for the driver, a rear tracked drive 2 with a track chain 3. Drive 4 (for example, an internal combustion engine) transmits rotation to the shaft of the front drive sprockets 5 of the tracked drive through a chain transmission. The rear tracked mover can be made similar to similar movers in snowmobiles.

The front control track contains a trolley frame 6 made of two longitudinal spars spaced on the sides connected by the axles of the front and (or) rear guide wheels and the axles of the roller wheels 7, and the track chain 8 itself. The trolley frame is made in the form of two longitudinal spars interconnected by wheel axles. Additionally, the side members are interconnected by a crossbeam through which the transverse axis passes, by means of which the trolley frame is connected to the steering fork. The lateral opening (clearance) of the front track chain (belt) is closed on the sides by a shield screen mounted on the side members of the track frame.

The front caterpillar with the trolley frame is rotated using a steering fork, which contains a telescopic fork 9 with spring shock absorbers and a steering wheel 10. The front frame trolley with a caterpillar is attached to the steering fork through a transverse, horizontal axis with the possibility of swinging around this axis.

To limit the swing sector of the front frame of the trolley with a track around the transverse, horizontal axis and damping vibrations when moving surface irregularities, there are elastic tensile elements 11 (elastic bundles) that connect the trolley frame in the front and rear with a swivel fork. The track chain for lateral fixation has an internal ridge that interacts with the sides of the wheels (flanges). Wheel flanges are made as a separate element of antifriction material in the form of a flat ring fixed to the side surface of the wheel with

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) rivets. In the area of fastening on the side of the wheel there is a circular, annular flange, where it abuts and where the inner end of the flange ring is centered to counter radial forces.

The front steering track can be a caterpillar mover, in which case the front wheels are designed as drive sprockets. The shaft and axis of the drive sprockets are structurally made in the form of a rotor and stator of an electric motor that directly rotates these drive sprockets. The electric motor is powered by a generator driven by a rear caterpillar drive motor. If the front track is passive (driven), then there is a mechanism for constant, automatic maintenance of the tension force of the front track. The mechanism is as follows. There are two spaced apart brackets that swing on the transverse, horizontal axes relative to the side members of the trolley frame in their rear, and between the brackets the axis of the rear guide wheels is fixed, approximately on the same vertical line with the swing axis of the brackets. Compression springs installed between the side members of the trolley frame and the brackets tend to rotate the brackets and move the rear steering wheels outward and backward relative to the track chain and create (and maintain) an approximately constant tension force. When a foreign object gets between the guide wheels (or rollers) and the caterpillar, the caterpillar's tension force increases, this force is transmitted to the axis of the rear guide wheels and moves it forward, overcoming the force of the springs. Thus, the tension force of the track chain is constantly and automatically maintained near a certain value. To regulate the initial (initial) tension of the front track, a traditional slider mechanism is used to adjust the longitudinal position of the front row of wheels (sprockets).

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

Claims

CLAIM 1. Crawler all-terrain vehicle containing a frame, a rear caterpillar drive with a drive, a front steering fork, a control front caterpillar, characterized in that for the drive of the front caterpillar mover and its drive wheel (sprocket) there is an electric and (or) hydraulic motor, structurally combined with the shaft and the axis of the drive wheel (sprocket), there is an electric generator and (or) a hydraulic pump for their power, driven by a rear caterpillar drive motor. 2. Tracked all-terrain vehicle comprising a frame, a rear tracked drive mover with a drive, a front steering fork, a steering front track, characterized in that the front track caterpillar frame is made in the form of two longitudinal spars connected by axles of the roller wheels and (or) guide wheels and (or) driving wheels (asterisks), while the rows of all wheels except the front wheel are arranged in height so that the longitudinal envelope line of the lower points of the wheels forms approximately a straight line, or of less curvature, a line conditionally parallel to the support overhnosti and the front wheel is lifted up over this line and the supporting surface, and the frame-truck is connected to the steering fork through a horizontal transverse axis pivotably (swivel) with respect to this axis. 3. Tracked all-terrain vehicle comprising a frame, a rear tracked drive mover with a drive, a front steering fork, a steering front track, characterized in that the frame of the front track is connected to the steering fork via a horizontal transverse axis with the possibility of rotation (swing) relative to this axis, and additionally connected to the front and (or) rear part with the steering fork by means of elastic elements of tension and (or) compression. 4. Tracked all-terrain vehicle containing a frame, a rear tracked mover with a drive, a front steering fork, a steering front track, characterized in that the flanges of the roller wheels and (or) the guide wheels are made as a separate element of antifriction material. 5. Tracked all-terrain vehicle containing a frame, a rear tracked mover with a drive, a front steering fork that controls the front SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) caterpillar, characterized in that the side opening (clearance) of the front caterpillar chain (tape) is closed on the sides by a shield-screen mounted on the caterpillar frame. 6. Tracked all-terrain vehicle containing a frame, a rear tracked drive mover with a drive, a front steering fork, a steering front track, characterized in that the front track is made passive (driven), and there is a mechanism for constantly, automatically maintaining the tension of the track chain (belt) while driving . 7. Tracked all-terrain vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that the mechanism of constant, automatic maintenance of the tension force of the track is made in the form of two spaced apart brackets that swing on the transverse axes relative to the trolley frame, and the axis of the rear steering wheels is fixed between the brackets, an elastic element installed between the trolley frame and the bracket tends to rotate the brackets and move the steering wheels back in the longitudinal direction. SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)