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WO2007120025A1 - Éolienne - Google Patents

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Publication number
WO2007120025A1
WO2007120025A1 PCT/KZ2006/000006 KZ2006000006W WO2007120025A1 WO 2007120025 A1 WO2007120025 A1 WO 2007120025A1 KZ 2006000006 W KZ2006000006 W KZ 2006000006W WO 2007120025 A1 WO2007120025 A1 WO 2007120025A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wind
rotation
axis
wind turbine
blades
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/KZ2006/000006
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Omir Karimovitch Bayaliev
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2007120025A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007120025A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/06—Rotors
    • F03D3/062—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D3/066—Rotors characterised by their construction elements the wind engaging parts being movable relative to the rotor
    • F03D3/067—Cyclic movements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/50—Kinematic linkage, i.e. transmission of position
    • F05B2260/502—Kinematic linkage, i.e. transmission of position involving springs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to wind turbines and is intended to convert wind energy into energy useful for use in the national economy.
  • Wind turbines with a horizontal axis of rotation (wing);
  • Wind turbines with a vertical axis of rotation (rotary: paddle and orthogonal).
  • an automatic rotation axis rotation device For winged wind motors, the greatest efficiency of which is achieved when the air flow is perpendicular to the plane of rotation of the wing blades, an automatic rotation axis rotation device is required.
  • a stabilizer wing is used.
  • the wind energy utilization factor of winged wind turbines is much higher than that of rotary ones.
  • the carousel has a much larger torque. It is maximum for rotary blade aggregates at zero relative wind speed.
  • the distribution of winged wind turbines is explained by the magnitude of their rotation speed. They can be directly connected to an electric current generator without a multiplier.
  • the rotational speed of winged wind turbines is inversely proportional to the number of wings, therefore, units with more than three blades are practically not used.
  • Carousel wind motors have the advantage that they can work in any direction of the wind without changing their position. The difference in aerodynamics gives roundabout installations an advantage over hooked ones. With increasing wind speed, they quickly increase traction, after which the rotation speed stabilizes. Carousel wind motors are slow and this allows the use of simple electrical circuits, for example, with an asynchronous generator, without the risk of an accident in case of an accidental gust of wind. An even more important advantage of the carousel design was its ability to monitor “where the wind is blowing” without additional tricks, which is very important for surface yawing streams. Wind turbines of this type are being built in the USA, Japan, England, Germany, Canada. One of the wind farms in Ecuador with a rated power of 250 kW was also designed for this type. The rotary blade wind turbine is the easiest to operate. Its design provides maximum torque when starting a wind turbine and automatic self-regulation of maximum rotation speed during operation. With an increase in load, the rotation speed decreases and the torque increases until it stops completely.
  • Orthogonal wind turbines as experts believe, are promising for large energy.
  • the orthogonal • plants use the same wing profile as the in the subsonic aircraft.
  • the plane, before "leaning" on the lifting force of the wing, must run up.
  • the same is the case with the orthogonal installation: First, you need to bring energy to it - untwist and bring it to certain aerodynamic parameters, and only then it will switch from engine mode to generator mode.
  • Power take-off begins at a wind speed of about 5 m / s, and rated power is achieved at a speed of 14 ... 16 m / s.
  • Preliminary calculations of wind turbines provide for their use in the range from 50 to 20,000 kW.
  • the design of a carousel-type wind turbine contains blades rigidly mounted on rails with the possibility of rotation of the entire structure around a common axis, which is the axis of the engine drive. .
  • the main disadvantage of wind power plants today is their high cost, which determines the high price lkW / h of electricity received from the wind generator.
  • the disadvantage of a wing type wind turbine is the need for its constant orientation in the wind direction and the use of a special device for its reversal.
  • the second disadvantage is the large height of the structure, as it is necessary for its normal operation. This creates difficulties during installation and requires additional costs for reliable fixation in the place of operation.
  • the disadvantage of an orthogonal type rotary wind turbine is the need for its forced acceleration to a certain value. This is due to the fact that the moment of transfer of force per revolution in these wind turbines is small enough to create a force on the current generator. To create sufficient effort it is necessary to increase the number of revolutions, that is, increase the number of these moments, then the total moment will be sufficient to rotate the generator.
  • the second disadvantage is the high sail design.
  • the disadvantage of a rotary vane-type wind turbine is that the blades are located at an angle to the speed of rotation. This leads to the fact that with an increase in the speed of rotation of the wind turbine, the air resistance between the blades increases and the engine starts to work as a centrifugal pump. That is, part of the wind energy is spent on accelerating the air mass from the axis of rotation. This explains the slow speed of this type of engine.
  • the second disadvantage is the high windage of the structure, which leads to additional metal costs to increase its rigidity and therefore to its cost.
  • the problem is solved on the basis of the design of carousel-type wind turbines (blade and orthogonal) to create a structure that is largely devoid of the disadvantages characteristic of these structures.
  • the design of the wind turbine introduces the possibility of rotation of each blade around an additional rotary own axis Ol and the return mechanism, which seeks to return the blades to their original position (when the wind speed is zero).
  • Wind pressure leads to the fact that at the initial moment of operation, some blades are positioned at an angle to the direction of the wind, while others tend to turn in the direction of the wind. This reduces wind resistance from one side and the wind turbine starts to rotate.
  • the operation of the wind turbine at the initial moment is similar to the operation of a rotary vane wind turbine. This allows you to create the maximum torque at the beginning of the movement.
  • the blades under the action of centrifugal force and air mass drag force between them will tend to take a direction tangential to the path (on the side surface of the cylinder or cone) of rotation. That is, they will occupy a position characteristic of orthogonal type wind turbine. This will allow the wind turbine to gain maximum speed in steady state.
  • Limiters limit the position of the blades at low wind speeds. If they are made elastic, this allows you to make this process more smooth, and also allows the blades to take a position in the direction of the wind if the wind speed exceeds V> Vmax, where Vmax is the wind speed during a storm, which can lead to the destruction of the wind turbine design.
  • the second advantage is that the rotation of the blades in the direction of the wind speed vector or the speed of the wind turbine (depending on which force is greater) reduces the load on its body, which means it reduces the dimensions, reduces the weight of the structure and its cost.
  • the small size and light weight of the wind turbine create a third advantage during its transportation and installation without the use of special devices.
  • FIG. 2 [A, B, C, D, D] - Schematic representation of the principle of operation of the claimed wind turbine
  • FIG. 3 [A, B, C] - Schematic representation of the resting point of the blades without exposure to wind;
  • FIG. 4 - Schematically shows a variant of the wind turbine when the blade is - at an angle to the axis of rotation Ol .
  • FIG. 5 - Schematically shows a variant of a wind turbine when the axis of rotation of the blade Ol is at an angle to the axis of the engine;
  • FIG. 6 - Schematically shows a variant of the wind turbine, when the axis of rotation of the blade is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the entire wind turbine;
  • FIG. 7 - Schematically shows a variant when the axis of rotation of the wind turbine is horizontal
  • the guides 1 at one end are fixed near the axis of rotation of the wind turbine O [Fig 2 AD].
  • blades 2 are arranged rotatably around their own axis Ol. The movement of the blades 2 is limited by the return mechanisms 4 and the limiters 3, mounted on guides.
  • the return mechanism 4 can be made in the form of a spring located near the axis of rotation 01, one end of which is fixed on the guide 1, and the other on the blade 2.
  • the axis of rotation of the blades should 'be displaced relative to the axis of symmetry of the blade to ensure the blade rotation force about the axis 01.
  • the return mechanisms make it possible to rotate the plane of the blade by an angle Y relative to the stationary point T.
  • the stationary point T is the position of the plane of the blade in the absence of wind. It can be located at an angle X to the guide 1 (Fig. 3) or to the axis of rotation O (Figs. 5 and 6).
  • the plane of the blade can be located at an angle Z to the axis of rotation Ol (Fig. 4). Since the center of gravity of the blade is not on the axis of rotation of Ol, this creates a runout associated with the action of centrifugal force.
  • the beating can be compensated by any method known to the industry, for example, by placing compensating loads on the blades.
  • the returning force of the return mechanisms 4 and the position of the limiters 3 are selected in such a way that when they reach a wind speed of Vmax they cannot limit the movement of the blade.
  • the direction of the blades will coincide with the direction of the wind and the movement of the wind turbine will stop (Fig 2D).
  • the resistance of the blades to the wind will be minimal and this will protect the design of the wind turbine from destruction during a storm.
  • the position of the resting point can be adjusted by return mechanisms 4 and stops 3.
  • FIG. 3 (A, B and C) shows the different positions of the resting point T. From the drawings it can be seen that when the resting point T2, when the angle X is equal to or close to 90 degrees, the limiter 3 can be rejected if the returning force of the return mechanisms is sufficiently high .
  • the angle of inclination of the axes of rotation Ol is selected in such a way as to ensure the location of the blades in the direction of the wind at a speed V> Vmax. If the axis Ol is located at an angle to the vertical and is not in the same plane with the axis O, that is, the top view corresponds to the position of FIG. 3 (B), then with the appropriate angle of inclination and distribution of the mass of the blade, it is possible to refuse to manufacture return mechanisms and limiters. This makes it possible to simplify the design, increase the reliability of operation and reduce the cost of manufacturing a wind turbine.
  • the installation can operate as a hook type wind turbine, switching to the rotary mode of the wind motors in case of changing wind direction at an angle to axis O (Fig. 6).
  • the design of the Bayaliev wind turbine combines the characteristics and advantages of all currently known types of wind turbines, which are special cases of various modes of operation.
  • the transition from one operating mode to another depends on the strength and direction of the wind, the location of the quiescent points T, the angles of inclination of the planes of the blades Z to the axes of rotation Ol and occurs automatically.
  • the location of the wind turbine at the installation site is selected taking into account the wind rose in the area.
  • This wind turbine can also be used to convert the energy of water in rivers with shallow depth or to convert the energy of tides without dam construction (Fig. 8).
  • FIG. Figure 9 shows the use of a wind turbine to convert wave energy.
  • the engine torque can be transmitted for use to any known mechanism (for example, an electric current generator, or a water pump).
  • the torque is transmitted using any known gearbox.
  • the gear ratio of the gearbox is determined by the operating conditions.
  • the blades of the wind turbine can be made of any material and have any shape that provides sufficient strength and the rotation of the blades in the direction of the wind.
  • the blades may be angled with the axis of rotation 01.
  • Directing the wind turbine can 'be made of any material and have any shape which provides the least resistance to wind, while maintaining the positional relationship between the plane of the blades, engine rotational axes O and Ol blades.
  • the return mechanisms and limiters can be made of any material with different mechanical properties and have any shape that provides sufficient strength and rotation of the blade in the direction of the wind in the case of wind speed V ⁇ V max and the return of the blades to the rest point T.
  • the rest points are adjusted when installing the wind turbine in depending on the conditions of its operation.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des éoliennes et sert à transformer l'énergie du vent en une énergie utile du point de vue de l'économie. L'éolienne comprend des pales fixées sur des guides et pouvant effectuer des rotations autour de l'axe 'O' du moteur. Chaque pale a en outre la capacité d'effectuer des rotations autour de l'axe 'O1' et est munie d'un mécanisme de retour. En outre, la pale peut comprendre un limitateur de déplacement.
PCT/KZ2006/000006 2006-04-19 2006-07-21 Éolienne Ceased WO2007120025A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KZ20060475 2006-04-19
KZ2006/0475.1 2006-04-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007120025A1 true WO2007120025A1 (fr) 2007-10-25

Family

ID=38609742

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/KZ2006/000006 Ceased WO2007120025A1 (fr) 2006-04-19 2006-07-21 Éolienne

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EA (1) EA009184B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007120025A1 (fr)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU333285A1 (fr) * 1970-01-04 1971-11-30
US4718821A (en) * 1986-06-04 1988-01-12 Clancy Brian D Windmill blade
SU1605018A1 (ru) * 1988-12-01 1990-11-07 В. Н. Кузнецов и А. Д. Чайников Ветроколесо
RU2014486C1 (ru) * 1991-06-27 1994-06-15 Лев Анатольевич Степанов Аэрогидродинамический двигатель степанова
RU2018029C1 (ru) * 1991-02-28 1994-08-15 Иван Дмитриевич Федоров Ветроколесо
RU2024782C1 (ru) * 1991-03-13 1994-12-15 Новосибирский государственный технический университет Ветроколесо

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU333285A1 (fr) * 1970-01-04 1971-11-30
US4718821A (en) * 1986-06-04 1988-01-12 Clancy Brian D Windmill blade
SU1605018A1 (ru) * 1988-12-01 1990-11-07 В. Н. Кузнецов и А. Д. Чайников Ветроколесо
RU2018029C1 (ru) * 1991-02-28 1994-08-15 Иван Дмитриевич Федоров Ветроколесо
RU2024782C1 (ru) * 1991-03-13 1994-12-15 Новосибирский государственный технический университет Ветроколесо
RU2014486C1 (ru) * 1991-06-27 1994-06-15 Лев Анатольевич Степанов Аэрогидродинамический двигатель степанова

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EA009184B1 (ru) 2007-12-28
EA200601504A1 (ru) 2007-10-26

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