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WO2007110708A2 - Papier a cigarette catalytique ondule et cigarettes pourvues de ce papier - Google Patents

Papier a cigarette catalytique ondule et cigarettes pourvues de ce papier Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007110708A2
WO2007110708A2 PCT/IB2006/004226 IB2006004226W WO2007110708A2 WO 2007110708 A2 WO2007110708 A2 WO 2007110708A2 IB 2006004226 W IB2006004226 W IB 2006004226W WO 2007110708 A2 WO2007110708 A2 WO 2007110708A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
catalyst
cigarette
web
wrapper
cigarette paper
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IB2006/004226
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2007110708A3 (fr
Inventor
Ping Li
Firooz Rasouli
Shalva Gedevanishvili
Weijun Zhang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Philip Morris Products SA
Original Assignee
Philip Morris Products SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philip Morris Products SA filed Critical Philip Morris Products SA
Publication of WO2007110708A2 publication Critical patent/WO2007110708A2/fr
Publication of WO2007110708A3 publication Critical patent/WO2007110708A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
    • A24D1/02—Cigars; Cigarettes with special covers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
    • A24B15/281—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances the action of the chemical substances being delayed
    • A24B15/282—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances the action of the chemical substances being delayed by indirect addition of the chemical substances, e.g. in the wrapper, in the case
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
    • A24B15/285—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances characterised by structural features, e.g. particle shape or size
    • A24B15/286—Nanoparticles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
    • A24B15/287—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by inorganic substances only
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
    • A24B15/287—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by inorganic substances only
    • A24B15/288—Catalysts or catalytic material, e.g. included in the wrapping material

Definitions

  • Cigarettes produce both mainstream smoke during a puff and sidestream smoke during static burning. Constituents of both mainstream smoke and sidestream smoke are carbon monoxide (CO) and nitric oxide (NO) . There is an interest in reducing the concentration of carbon monoxide and nitric oxide in mainstream and sidestream smoke .
  • CO carbon monoxide
  • NO nitric oxide
  • a cigarette comprises a tobacco rod wrapped in a cigarette wrapper, wherein the cigarette wrapper comprises a catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper having a fibrous web, an optional web-filler material supported by the web, and catalyst particles supported by the web and/or the web-filler material.
  • Catalyst- modified corrugated cigarette paper comprises a fibrous web, an optional web-filler material supported by the web, and catalyst particles supported by the web and/or the web-filler material.
  • the catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper defines a plurality of channels that run axially along the length of the cigarette.
  • the corrugations are preferably sized such that their spacing, peak to valley, is less than their height.
  • a preferred catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper is a composite wrapper further comprising a non-corrugated paper wrapper wrapped around the catalyst-modified corrugated paper wrapper.
  • the non- corrugated outer wrapper can be substantially free of catalyst particles or can comprise catalyst particles on an inner surface thereof .
  • a further preferred composite wrapper comprises a gas permeable inner wrapper.
  • the catalyst particles can be incorporated in the catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper in an amount effective to reduce the concentration in mainstream smoke of carbon monoxide and/or nitric oxide during smoking of a cigarette comprising the wrapper.
  • Preferred catalyst particles which can be coated on an exposed surface of the paper or supported within the fibrous web of the paper (e.g., supported on web-filler material such as calcium carbonate), comprise a transition metal oxide and/or a transition metal hydroxide such as oxides and/or hydroxides of iron.
  • Preferred catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper has a permeability of between about 5 Coresta units and about 80 Coresta units.
  • a method of making a cigarette comprising a catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper comprises (i) optionally supporting catalyst particles on a web-filler material to form a catalyst- modified web-filler, (ii) incorporating catalyst particles and/or catalyst-modified web-filler in cigarette paper to form catalytic cigarette paper, (iii) forming corrugations in cigarette paper to form a corrugated cigarette paper, (iv) providing cut filler comprising tobacco to a cigarette making machine, and (v) placing the corrugated cigarette paper around the cut filler to form a tobacco rod portion of the cigarette.
  • a non-corrugated second wrapper can be placed around the catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper.
  • the non-corrugated second wrapper can be free of catalyst particles or can have catalyst particles incorporated on an inner surface thereof.
  • a gas permeable inner wrapper can be formed around the cut filler prior to forming the catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper around the cut filler.
  • a method of manufacturing catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper comprises (i) forming cigarette paper, (ii) forming corrugations in the cigarette paper, and (iii) incorporating catalyst particles in the cigarette paper.
  • the steps of forming corrugations in the paper and incorporating catalyst particles in the paper can be performed in either order.
  • a first preferred method of manufacturing catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper comprises supplying cellulosic material and catalyst particles to a head box in a forming section of a papermaking machine, the catalyst particles comprising unsupported catalyst particles and/or catalyst modified web-filler; depositing an aqueous slurry including the cellulosic material and the catalyst particles onto the forming section of the papermaking machine to form a base web with the catalyst particles distributed therein; and removing water from the base web so as to form a sheet of catalytic paper.
  • a second preferred method of manufacturing catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper comprises supplying cellulosic material to a head box in a forming section of a papermaking machine; depositing an aqueous slurry including the cellulosic material onto the forming section of the papermaking machine to form a base web; distributing catalyst particles on the base web; and removing water from the base web so as to form a sheet paper .
  • Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a cigarette comprising a catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper according to one embodiment
  • Figure 2 (a) is an axial view of the cigarette of Figure 1, and Figure 2 (b) shows a magnified view;
  • Figure 3 shows a cigarette comprising a catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper and a second outer wrapper,-
  • Figure 4 (a) shows an axial view of the cigarette of Figure 3, and Figure 4 (b) shows a magnified view;
  • Figure 5 shows an axial view of a cigarette comprising a catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper according to a further embodiment
  • Figure 6 is a schematic illustration of a papermaking machine for making a catalytic cigarette paper.
  • a catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper comprises a fibrous web, an optional web-filler material supported by the web, and catalyst particles supported by the web and/or the web-filler material.
  • Catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper can be used to manufacture a cigarette and is typically consumed during smoking of the cigarette.
  • the concentration in mainstream and sidestream smoke of carbon monoxide and/or nitric oxide can be reduced .
  • the catalyst particles can promote the conversion of carbon monoxide (CO) to carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) via catalysis and/or oxidation mechanisms.
  • the oxidation of CO can proceed in the presence or absence of a gaseous source of oxygen.
  • the catalyst particles can promote the conversion of nitric oxide to nitrogen via catalysis and/or reduction mechanisms .
  • the catalyst particles can comprise transition metal oxides and/or transition metal hydroxides .
  • Exemplary catalyst particles comprise iron oxide, iron hydroxide and/or iron oxyhydroxide .
  • Preferred catalyst particles include CK-Fe 2 O 3 , ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 , FeOOH, and mixtures thereof.
  • MACH I, Inc. King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. markets nanoscale particles under the trade names NANOCAT ® Superfine Iron Oxide (SFIO) and NANOCAT ® Magnetic Iron Oxide.
  • the NANOCAT 8 Superfine Iron Oxide comprises amorphous ferric oxide (e.g., Fe 2 O 3 ) in the form of a free-flowing powder with an average particle size of about 3 nm, a specific surface area of about 250 m 2 /g, and a bulk density of about 0.05 g/cm 3 .
  • the Superfine Iron Oxide is synthesized by a vapor-phase process, which renders it substantially free of impurities that may be present in conventional catalysts, and is suitable for use in food, drugs, and cosmetics.
  • the NANOCAT Magnetic Iron Oxide is a free-flowing powder with a particle size of about 25 nm and a surface area of about 40 m 2 /g.
  • the catalyst particles can have a shape that is spherical, cubical, and/or acicular .
  • exemplary catalyst particles comprise ceria-based catalyst particles.
  • Ceria-based catalyst particles can oxidize CO at near ambient (i.e., room) temperatures.
  • Suitable ceria-based catalyst particles are disclosed in commonly-owned U.S. Patent No. 6,857,431, the entire content of which is herein incorporated by reference.
  • Still further exemplary catalyst particles comprise doped metal oxides such as yttria doped with zirconium, manganese oxide doped with palladium, or mixtures of metal oxides, doped metal oxides, etc., which are disclosed in commonly-owned U.S. Patent Publication No. 2003/0131859, the entire content of which is herein incorporated by reference.
  • the catalyst particles can comprise nanoscale particles.
  • nanoscale is meant that the catalyst particles have an average particle size of less than about 500 nanometers, preferably less than about 100 nanometers, most preferably less than about 10 nanometers .
  • a bulk density of the catalyst particles is preferably less than about 0.3 g/cm 3 , more preferably less than about 0.1 g/cm 3 .
  • the Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) surface area of preferred catalyst particles is greater than about 10 m 2 /g ⁇ e.g., greater than about 50 m 2 /g, 100 m 2 /g or 200 m a /g) •
  • the ratio, in weight percent, of web-filler material to catalyst particles can be any suitable ratio ranging from 0% to 99%.
  • the web- filler material can include an oxide, carbonate or hydroxide of a Group II, Group III or Group IV metal, or the web- filler material can be selected from the group consisting of CaCO 3 , TiO 2 , SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , MgCO 3 , MgO, and/or Mg(OH) 2 .
  • a preferred average particle size of the web-filler material is from about 0.1 micrometers to about 10 micrometers, more preferably less than about 2 micrometers .
  • a catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper can increase the firmness and rigidity of a cigarette. Furthermore, a catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper can increase the catalytic efficiency of catalyst particles incorporated in the wrapper .
  • An embodiment of a cigarette having a catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper is shown in Figure 1.
  • Cigarette 100 has a tobacco rod portion 110 and a filtering tip portion 120. Optionally, embodiments of the cigarette 100 can be practiced without a filtering tip.
  • the tobacco rod portion 110 comprises a column of tobacco 112 that is wrapped with a cigarette paper wrapper 130.
  • the cigarette paper wrapper 130 preferably comprises a thin, flexible corrugated layer 140.
  • the catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper 140 includes a web 142 of fibrous cellulosic material in which is preferably dispersed particles of web-filler material 144 such as calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) .
  • web-filler material 144 such as calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 )
  • Incorporated in the catalyst-modified corrugated paper wrapper 140 are catalyst particles 146.
  • the catalyst particles 146 can be supported directly on the paper web 142, or in an alternate embodiment, the catalyst particles can be supported on particles of the web-filler material 144.
  • the term "incorporated in” means that the catalyst particles can be surrounded by the matrix of cellulosic material (i.e., embedded between fibers of cellulosic material) , or coated on at least one exposed surface of the paper web.
  • the corrugations provide a plurality of channels 150 adjacent to the tobacco column that run axially along the length of the cigarette.
  • smoke e.g., mainstream and/or sidestream smoke
  • the smoke can pass over a relatively large area of the corrugated paper wrapper, and when compared to non-corrugated wrappers, the smoke can be in contact with a larger volume of catalyst particles that are incorporated in the wrapper.
  • the gas permeability (i.e., porosity) of cigarette paper can be controlled using the web-filler material 144.
  • the permeability is measured in units of Coresta, which is defined as the volume of air, measured in cubic centimeters, that passes through one square centimeter of material in one minute at a pressure gradient of 1 kilopascal .
  • the permeability of the catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper is preferably from about 5 Coresta units to about 80 Coresta units, and more preferably from about 30 Coresta units to about 35 Coresta units. Other permeabilities of the wrapper can be selected based on the application and location of the wrapper. Further, the catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper can have a basis weight of from about 18 g/m 2 to about 60 g/m 2 , more preferably from about 30 g/m 2 to about 45 g/m 2 . However, any suitable basis weight for the corrugated wrapper can be selected. The paper wrapper can have a thickness of from about 15 micrometers to about 100 micrometers, more preferably from about 20 micrometers to about 50 micrometers .
  • the catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper can comprise a multi-layer (e.g., composite) wrapper. Additional layers in a multilayer wrapper can be from 0.1 to 10 times the permeability of the first layer, and can have a thickness of from 0.1 to 2 times the thickness of the first layer.
  • a composite wrapper e.g., a conventional wrapper formed around a catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper
  • both the permeability and the thickness of the inner layer and the outer layer can be selected to achieve a desired total air permeability and total thickness for the cigarette.
  • a preferred cigarette comprises a composite catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper.
  • An embodiment of a cigarette having a composite cigarette paper wrapper is shown in Figures 3 and 4 (a) - (b) .
  • Cigarette 300 includes a tobacco rod portion 310 including a tobacco column 312 and a filtering tip portion 320. Embodiments of the cigarette 300 can be practiced without a filtering tip.
  • the tobacco rod portion 310 comprises a column of tobacco 312 wrapped with a composite cigarette paper wrapper 330.
  • the composite cigarette paper wrapper 330 comprises a thin, flexible corrugated layer 340 and an outer layer 345 of sheet material that surrounds the catalyst- modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper 340.
  • Inner channels 350 are formed between the tobacco column 312 and the catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper 340, and outer channels 352 are formed between the catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper 340 and the outer layer of sheet material 345.
  • the plurality of channels in the catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper can increase the contact area between mainstream and/or sidestream smoke and the catalyst particles incorporated in the wrapper .
  • an outer wrapper that is a conventional color, e.g., white, can be placed around an inner corrugated wrapper having catalyst particles incorporated therein.
  • the outer wrapper is preferably not a corrugated wrapper and can be free of catalyst particles so as to provide a smooth outward appearance to the cigarette that is not affected by any coloration from the catalyst particles.
  • catalyst particles can be incorporated in the outer wrapper.
  • catalyst particles can be coated on an inner surface of the outer wrapper in order to minimize discoloration of the duter surface of the outer wrapper.
  • FIG 4 (b) shows an expanded view of the cigarette shown in Figure 4 (a) .
  • the catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper 340 includes a web of fibrous ⁇ ellulosic material 342 in which is optionally dispersed particles of web-filler material 344.
  • Catalyst particles 346 are incorporated in the corrugated wrapper 340, and the catalyst particles can be supported directly on the paper web 342 or on particles of web-filler material 344, if provided.
  • the inner corrugated wrapper and the outer wrapper are preferably individual wrappers formed in separate papermaking processes and later wrapped around a column of tobacco cut filler to from a cigarette tobacco rod.
  • the corrugated inner wrapper, the outer wrapper or both wrappers can include catalyst particles (or catalyst-modified web- filler) .
  • catalyst particles or catalyst-modified web- filler
  • the catalyst composition, particle shape, size and loading in each wrapper can be the same or different .
  • Both the inner corrugated wrapper and the outer wrapper can be selected to give a desired performance with respect to cigarette properties, such as puff count, tar, burn rate, and ash appearance.
  • the preferred embodiments of cigarettes and methods of making cigarettes include a tobacco rod portion of a cigarette with a composite wrapper.
  • a preferred composite wrapper comprises an inner catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper and an outer wrapper that is substantially free of catalyst particles .
  • a composite catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper can optionally further comprise an inner layer of sheet material adapted to be formed between the tobacco column and the corrugated layer.
  • the inner layer if provided, is preferably permeable to smoke either by virtue of a relatively porous structure or by the formation of perforations therethrough.
  • inner channels are formed between the inner layer of sheet material and the catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper.
  • Figure 5 shows a cigarette comprising a catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper having a higher density of corrugations than the previous embodiments illustrated in Figures 1-4.
  • the catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper 564 comprises corrugations that bend back upon themselves and form loops, each of which touches the preceding and the following loop of the corrugation near the optional outer layer 566 and again near the tobacco column 502.
  • the corrugations can be glued or otherwise attached at least at those points where they contact each other near the outer and inner circumference of the wrapper.
  • Such a corrugated wrapper can be made sufficiently flexible for use with cigarette making machines. By omitting the outer layer 566 of sheet material, the cigarette can have an outward appearance different from that of a standard cigarette.
  • the catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper have a thickness that is less than a radius of the tobacco rod (i.e., such that the wrapper represents 50% or less of the diameter of a cigarette comprising the wrapper) . It is further preferred that the corrugations be uniformly spaced, peak to valley, at a distance less than their height, so that a tangent to their sloping portions, assuming a regular sinusoidal waveform, makes an angle of less than about 45° (e.g., less than about 40°, 35° or 30°) with respect to a radial axis line of a cigarette comprising the wrapper.
  • the axially extending channels defined by the corrugations in the various embodiments may be either opened or closed and, if closed, may be closed at the mouth end of the cigarette, filter end of the cigarette, or both. If the channels are closed, it may be desirable to perforate the wrapper when dilution is desired. Closing either the inner channels or the outer channels while leaving the others open can be accomplished prior to manufacturing the cigarette .
  • the channels are open. If, for example, flavoring is added to the catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper, smoke and air may be drawn along the open channels toward the mouth end.
  • Catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper can be made by- incorporating catalyst particles in corrugated cigarette paper.
  • a liquid dispersion of catalyst particles can be spray coated on at least one surface of corrugated paper.
  • catalyst- modified corrugated cigarette paper can be made by forming corrugations in catalytic cigarette paper.
  • Catalytic paper comprises catalyst particles that are incorporated in the paper. Preferred methods of forming catalytic paper are described herein below.
  • One method of forming the corrugations comprises passing a sheet of cigarette paper between two grooved or threaded rollers .
  • the depth and pitch of the corrugations in the paper can be controlled by the geometry of the forming rollers and the pressure applied to them.
  • threaded rollers one such roller preferably has a right-handed thread and the other such roller preferably has a left- handed thread, and they are rotated in an opposite sense so that the paper can be fed between the two rollers .
  • the number of corrugations can be controlled by varying the number of grooves or threads on the forming rollers and may range from about 4 per centimeter to about 24 per centimeter (about 10 per inch to about 60 per inch) .
  • the depth of the corrugations may range from about 0.025 cm to about 0.25 cm (about 0.01 inches to about 0.1 inches).
  • the catalyst particles can be incorporated into cigarette paper before, during, or after the papermaking/corrugation processes.
  • the catalyst particles can be incorporated within the fibrous web of the paper by first supporting the catalyst particles on web-filler material to form a catalyst- modified web-filler and then incorporating the catalyst-modified web- filler in the paper.
  • the catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper can comprise CaCO 3 web-filler or other filler material used in cigarette paper manufacture and nanoscale iron oxide catalyst particles that are supported on the web-filler material .
  • a catalyst-modified web-filler can be prepared by forming an aqueous slurry of catalyst particles and web-filler material and drying the slurry.
  • Other techniques for forming a catalyst-modified web-filler include precipitating catalyst particles from a solution onto a web-filler material, or depositing (e.g., via vapor phase deposition) catalyst particles onto a web-filler material.
  • a catalyst-modified web filler can be used as all or part of the web- filler material in the paper-making process .
  • the web-filler-supported catalyst particles such as supported nanoscale catalyst particles can exhibit a reduced tendency to agglomerate with each other during processing and a reduced tendency to leech out of the catalytic paper during or after cigarette paper manufacture.
  • the catalyst particles can be incorporated in a cigarette paper by supporting the catalyst particles directly on the cellulosic fibers of the paper web.
  • Catalyst particles can be coated (e.g. , curtain coated) , sprayed, or printed on a wet or dry base web.
  • a retention aid can be used to improve the distribution and adhesion of the catalyst particles .
  • the catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper comprises nanoscale iron oxide particles that are supported directly on the paper web .
  • the catalyst particles and web-filler material can be incorporated in a cigarette paper using conventional papermaking processes.
  • Catalyst particles and/or catalyst-modified web filler can be supplied to the papermaking process as an aqueous slurry or as a dry powder to be slurried.
  • an aqueous slurry (“furnish") including the catalyst particles and cellulosic material can be supplied to a head box of a forming section of a Fourdrinier papermaking machine.
  • the aqueous slurry can be supplied to the head box by one or more conduits in fluid communication with a source, such as a storage tank.
  • a source such as a storage tank.
  • an aqueous slurry containing catalyst particles and an aqueous slurry of cellulosic material without catalyst particles or with a different concentration or type of catalyst particles can be supplied to separate head boxes.
  • An exemplary method deposits aqueous slurry from a head box onto a forming section so as to form a base web of cellulosic material.
  • the forming section is a Fourdrinier wire arranged as an endless forming wire immediately below the head box.
  • An opening defined in a lower portion of the head box adjacent to the endless wire permits the aqueous slurry to flow onto the top surface of the endless wire to form a wet base web.
  • the aqueous slurry can be deposited onto a pre-formed support web that is retained within the paper.
  • a preformed support web can be transported through the forming section of a papermaking machine and can be a foundation on which the aqueous slurry is deposited.
  • the aqueous slurry dries and the paper sheet (e.g., finished web) is formed with catalyst-modified web-filler or catalyst particles embedded therein.
  • the support web can be a conventional web, such as a flax support web, or can include a web with an incorporated catalytic component. If the support web includes a catalytic component, the incorporated catalytic component can be supported on a web-filler material, or can be directly supported on the support web without a web-filler material.
  • catalytic paper After depositing the aqueous slurry onto the forming section, water is removed from the wet base web, and with additional processing such as further drying and pressing, if necessary, forms a sheet of catalytic paper (e.g., finished web).
  • the catalytic paper can be corrugated in an additional processing step .
  • a cigarette papermaking machine 600 includes a head box 602 operatively located at one end of a Fourdrinier wire 604, and source of feed stock slurry such as a run tank 606 in communication with the head box 602.
  • the head box 602 can be one typically utilized in the papermaking industry for laying down cellulosic pulp upon the Fourdrinier wire 604.
  • the head box 602 is communicated to the run tank 606 through a plurality of conduits.
  • the run tank 606 receives furnish from a furnish supply 618.
  • the feed stock from the run tank ' 606 is a refined cellulosic pulp such as a refined flax or a wood pulp commonly practiced in the cigarette papermaking industry.
  • a chalk tank 628 (containing the catalyst modified filler described above) is communicated with the run tank 606 so as to establish a desired "chalk" level in the slurry supplied to the head box 602.
  • the Fourdrinier wire 604 carries the laid slurry pulp (e.g., base web) from the head box 602 along a path in the general direction of arrow A in Figure 6, whereupon water is allowed to drain from the pulp through the wire 604 by the influence of gravity and at some locations with the assistance of vacuum boxes 610, 610', 610' ⁇ at various locations along the Fourdrinier wire 604.
  • sufficient water is removed from the base web to establish what is commonly referred to as a dry line where the texture of the slurry transforms from one of a glossy, watery appearance to a surface appearance more approximating that of the finished base web (but in a wetted condition, e.g., an intermediate web).
  • the moisture content of the pulp material is approximately 85 to 90%, which may vary depending upon operating conditions and the like.
  • the intermediate web 612 Downstream of the dry line, the intermediate web 612 separates from the Fourdrinier wire 604 at a couch roll 614. From there, the Fourdrinier wire 604 continues on the return loop of its endless path. Beyond the couch roll 614, the intermediate web 612 continues on through the remainder of the papermaking system which further dries and presses the intermediate web 612, and surface conditions it to a desired final moisture content and texture to form a paper 620 (e.g., finished web) .
  • drying apparatus is well known in the art of papermaking, and may include drying section 616 including drying felts, vacuum devices, rolls, and/or presses, applied thermal energy, and the like.
  • the cigarette making machine 600 can optionally include more than one head box and/or more than one Fourdrinier wire with either separate or common furnish supply.
  • the optional second head box 602' suitably integrated with a run-tank and furnish supply, can lay slurry pulp onto the slurry pulp laid from the first head box 602 and carried along Fourdrinier wire 604.
  • the second and/or additional head box can be supplied with catalyst modified web filler to a desired "chalk" level or can be free of catalyst modified web-filler, as desired based on the number of layers of slurry pulp to be deposited and/or the use of the wrapper formed from the papermaking process .
  • the optional second Fourdrinier wire 604' can form a second intermediate web 612' .
  • the second intermediate web 612' can be separated from the second Fourdrinier wire 604' at a second couch roll 214' and laid on the first intermediate web 612 from the Fourdrinier wire 604 to be processed into double layer paper.
  • Multiple optional Fourdrinier wires can be employed to form multiple layer paper having any desired number of layers, such as three, four and so forth, up to ten to twelve layers .
  • a method of manufacturing catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper comprises forming cigarette paper, forming corrugations in the cigarette paper, and incorporating catalyst particles in the cigarette paper.
  • the step of forming corrugations in the cigarette paper can precede or follow the step of incorporating catalyst particles in the cigarette paper.
  • a first preferred method of manufacturing catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper comprises supplying cellulosic material and catalyst particles to a head box in a forming section of a papermaking machine, the catalyst particles comprising unsupported catalyst particles and/or catalyst modified web-filler,- depositing an aqueous slurry including the cellulosic material and the catalyst particles onto the forming section of the papermaking machine to form a base web with the catalyst particles distributed therein; and removing water from the base web so as to form a sheet of catalytic paper.
  • a second preferred method of manufacturing catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper comprises supplying cellulosic material to a head box in a forming section of a papermaking machine; depositing an aqueous slurry including the cellulosic material onto the forming section of the papermaking machine to form a base web; distributing catalyst particles on the base web; and removing water from the base web so as to form a sheet paper.
  • the catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper can comprise a laminated, bi-layer or multilayer catalytic paper.
  • M- layer and multilayer paper are disclosed in commonly-owned U.S. Patent No. 5,143,098, the entire content of which is herein incorporated by- reference.
  • at least one of a first layer and a second layer can include the catalyst particles described in embodiments herein.
  • Single layer, bi-layer or multilayer catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper may be made using ordinary paper furnish such as pulped wood, flax fibers, or any standard cellulosic fiber. Preferably, flax fibers are used.
  • Different fillers, including different catalytic fillers such as the catalyst modified web-filler described herein, or different fibers may be used for each layer and may be contained in different head boxes. For example, a first head box can hold the materials for a catalytic paper and a second head box can hold the materials for a conventional paper wrapper.
  • Additional methods of forming catalyst-modified web-filler material and methods of incorporating web-filler material and catalyst-modified web-filler material in cigarette paper are disclosed in commonly-owned U.S. Patent Publication No. 2005/0051185 and U.S. Patent Application No. 10/870,449, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference .
  • Additional examples of papermaking processes include the method for making banded smoking article wrappers disclosed in commonly-owned U.S. Patent No. 5,342,484, the entire content of which is herein incorporated by reference, and the method for producing paper having a plurality of regions of variable basis weight in the cross direction disclosed in commonly-owned U.S. Patent Nos . 5,474,095 and 5,997,691, the entire contents of which are herein incorporated by reference.
  • Catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper can be used as a wrapper for conventional cigarettes or non-conventional cigarettes such as cigarettes for electrical smoking systems described in commonly-assigned U.S. Patent Nos. 6,026,820; 5,988,176; 5,915,387; 5,692,526; 5,692,525; 5,666,976; 5,499,636 and 5,388,594 or non- traditional types of cigarettes having a fuel rod such as are described in commonly-assigned U.S. Patent No. 5,345,951, the entire contents of which are herein incorporated by reference .
  • the catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper is preferably adapted to surround the cut filler to form a tobacco rod.
  • the wrapper material can comprise hemp, _ _
  • Optional filler materials such as flavor additives and burning additives can be included.
  • the tobacco is normally employed in the form of cut filler, i.e., in the form of shreds or strands cut into widths ranging from about 1/4 cm to about 1/8 cm (about 1/10 inch to about 1/20 inch) or even 1/16 cm (1/40 inch) .
  • the lengths of the strands typically range from between about 0.65 cm to about 7.6 cm (about 0.25 inches to about 3.0 inches) .
  • the cigarettes may further comprise one or more flavorants or other additives ⁇ e.g., burn additives, combustion modifying agents, coloring agents, binders, etc.) .
  • Any suitable tobacco mixture may be used for the cut filler.
  • suitable types of tobacco materials include flue cured, Burley, Bright, Maryland or Oriental tobaccos, the rare or specialty tobaccos, and blends thereof.
  • the tobacco material can be provided in the form of tobacco lamina, processed tobacco materials such as volume expanded or puffed tobacco, processed tobacco stems such as cut-rolled or cut-puffed stems, reconstituted tobacco materials, or blends thereof .
  • the tobacco can also include tobacco substitutes .
  • a method of making a cigarette comprising a catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper comprises (i) optionally supporting catalyst particles on a web-filler material to form a catalyst- modified web-filler, (ii) incorporating catalyst particles and/or catalyst-modified web-filler in cigarette paper to form catalytic cigarette paper, (iii) forming corrugations in cigarette paper to form a corrugated cigarette paper, (iv) providing cut filler comprising tobacco to a cigarette making machine; and (v) placing the corrugated cigarette paper around the cut filler to form a tobacco rod portion of the cigarette .
  • the temperature varies from about 850- 900 0 C near the periphery of the cigarette at the burn zone to about 300 0 C near the center of the cigarette.
  • the temperature drops further to near ambient temperature at the filter end.
  • the temperature gradient at the lit end is very large and within a few of mm in the axial direction of the burn zone, the temperature drops from about 900 0 C to about 200 0 C.
  • the loading ⁇ e.g., amount), type (e.g., composition, size, shape, etc.) and distribution (e.g., homogeneous or heterogeneous) of catalyst particles in the catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper can be selected as a function of the temperature and airflow characteristics exhibited in a burning cigarette in order to adjust, i.e., increase, decrease, minimize or maximize, the conversion rate of CO to CO 2 and/or the conversion rate of NO to N 2 .
  • the catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper can comprise one or more different kinds of catalyst particles .
  • Low temperature and even room temperature catalysts can extend the effective region of the reaction zone for CO to CO 2 and/or NO to N 2 conversion to any desired length along the cigarette.
  • Catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrappers can be selected to operate in a given temperature range or in a plurality of temperature ranges, and the wrapper can be manufactured such that certain catalyst particles are incorporated into those portions of the wrapper that are predicted to coincide with the appropriate temperature for operation of the catalyst .
  • Methods for selectively incorporating catalyst particles in different regions of a cigarette paper web and for incorporating different catalyst particles in a cigarette paper web are disclosed in co-pending, commonly-owned U.S. Patent Publication No. 2005/0051185, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference .
  • the catalyst is described as having an operating temperature, the terminology operating temperature refers to the preferred temperature for conversion of CO to CO 2 and/or NO to N 2 .
  • the catalyst may convert CO and/or NO outside the described temperature range, but the conversion rate may be affected.
  • the catalyst particles can be distributed homogeneously or non-homogeneousIy within a catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper.
  • the catalyst particles are incorporated in the catalyst paper in an amount effective to convert at least 25% of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide and at least 25% of nitric oxide to nitrogen at a temperature of less than 400 0 C. More preferably, the catalyst particles can convert at least 50% of carbon monoxide and at least 50% of nitric oxide at a temperature of less than 400 0 C.
  • any of the wrappers, cigarettes or methods described herein can include additional additives conventionally used in wrappers for cigarettes.
  • additives can include, for example, additives to control the appearance, e.g., color, of the wrapper, additives to control the burn rate of the wrapper, and/or additives to result in a desired ash appearance.
  • the catalyst-modified corrugated cigarette paper wrapper can be effective to (1) reduce the concentration in mainstream smoke and/or sidestream smoke of carbon monoxide and/or nitric oxide; (2) decrease particle entrainment in mainstream smoke because the catalyst particles are embedded in or adhered to the wrapper and/or web-filler; (3) increase the catalytic, oxidative and/or reduction efficiency of the catalyst particles; and/or (4) increase the mechanical integrity of the wrapper.
  • mainstream smoke refers to the mixture of gases and particles passing down a tobacco rod and issuing through the filter end, i.e., the amount of smoke issuing or drawn from the mouth end of a cigarette during smoking of the cigarette .
  • Mainstream smoke contains smoke drawn in through both the lighted region and through the cigarette paper wrapper.
  • “Sidestream” smoke is the smoke given off by a cigarette between puffs (i.e., during static burning) .

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une enveloppe de papier à cigarette ondulé à modification catalytique (140) qui comprend une bande fibreuse (142), éventuellement une matière de remplissage de bande (144) soutenue par la bande (142) et des particules de catalyseur (146) soutenues par la bande (142) et/ou la matière de remplissage de bande (144). Dans les cigarettes (100) pourvues du papier à cigarette ondulé à modification catalytique (140), les ondulations définissent des canaux (150) à extension axiale capables de s'étendre sur la longueur d'un boudin de tabac (110). Les ondulations permettent d'augmenter l'efficacité catalytique des particules de catalyseur (146) qui sont incorporées dans l'enveloppe de papier à cigarette ondulé à modification catalytique (140).
PCT/IB2006/004226 2005-12-30 2006-12-22 Papier a cigarette catalytique ondule et cigarettes pourvues de ce papier Ceased WO2007110708A2 (fr)

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US75489705P 2005-12-30 2005-12-30
US60/754,897 2005-12-30

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CN105377061B (zh) * 2013-07-19 2020-12-29 菲利普莫里斯生产公司 具有含颗粒包装物的吸烟制品

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