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WO2007105762A1 - Dispositif d'emission mimo, dispositif de reception mimo et procede d'emission a antennes multiples - Google Patents

Dispositif d'emission mimo, dispositif de reception mimo et procede d'emission a antennes multiples Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007105762A1
WO2007105762A1 PCT/JP2007/055116 JP2007055116W WO2007105762A1 WO 2007105762 A1 WO2007105762 A1 WO 2007105762A1 JP 2007055116 W JP2007055116 W JP 2007055116W WO 2007105762 A1 WO2007105762 A1 WO 2007105762A1
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Prior art keywords
parallel
mimo
code
modulation
signals
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Xiaoming She
Jifeng Li
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Panasonic Holdings Corp
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Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/02—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception
    • H04L1/06—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception using space diversity
    • H04L1/0618—Space-time coding
    • H04L1/0625—Transmitter arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/0204—Channel estimation of multiple channels

Definitions

  • MIMO transmitter MIMO receiver
  • multi-antenna transmission method MIMO transmitter, MIMO receiver, and multi-antenna transmission method
  • the present invention relates to a MIMO transmission apparatus, a MIMO reception apparatus, and a multi-antenna transmission method.
  • MIMO Multi-Input Mult Output
  • the transmitting side uses a plurality of antennas to transmit signals
  • the receiving side uses a plurality of antennas to receive signals.
  • MIMO technology can significantly improve channel capacity compared to conventional single-antenna transmission methods, which can improve the information transmission rate.
  • the more transmission and reception antennas used the higher the information transmission rate that can be provided.
  • spatial antenna resources can be used almost infinitely when compared to time-frequency resources. Therefore, MIMO technology has successfully overcome the bottleneck in conventional research and has become one of the core technologies for next-generation wireless communication systems.
  • the MIMO communication system can be roughly divided into two types, namely, spatial multiplexing MIMO transmission and space-time diversity MIMO transmission.
  • the data transmitted by each antenna on the transmitting side is independent from each other, that is, a kind of full-rate transmission scheme (that is, there is no redundancy between transmission codes of each antenna).
  • the disadvantage is that only space diversity can be obtained, and time diversity cannot be obtained.
  • space-time diversity MIMO transmission transmission data is first subjected to space-time coding before transmission.
  • Spatio-temporal diversity By introducing redundant information between the transmission codes, space diversity is possible in terms of performance, and time diversity is also obtained.
  • this transmission method In other words, there is a loss in transmission efficiency and full-rate transmission cannot be realized.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a structure of a conventional spatial multiplexing MIMO system.
  • the transmitting and receiving sides transmit and receive signals with n and n antennas, respectively.
  • the data to be transmitted first passes through the (channel) code unit 101 and the (constellation) modulation unit 102, and then the n substreams in the serial Z parallel conversion unit 103.
  • each substream is transmitted by one transmitting antenna 104 corresponding thereto.
  • On the receiving side first, all n receiving antennas 111 are used to
  • the channel estimation unit 113 performs channel estimation using a pilot signal in the received signal or other method, and estimates the current channel characteristic matrix H (in the MIMO system, the channel characteristic is n X using a matrix of n
  • the MIMO detection unit 112 detects each transmission substream based on the channel characteristic matrix H, and finally the original transmission data is obtained.
  • the MIMO detection unit 112 includes (1) maximum likelihood detection (MLD), (2) zero detection (ZF), linear detection methods such as minimum mean square difference (MMSE), and (3) serial Many types of methods can be used, including interference cancellation detection methods such as type interference cancellation (SI C) and parallel type interference cancellation (PIC).
  • MMD maximum likelihood detection
  • ZF zero detection
  • MMSE minimum mean square difference
  • serial Many types of methods can be used, including interference cancellation detection methods such as type interference cancellation (SI C) and parallel type interference cancellation (PIC).
  • the conventional spatial multiplexing MIMO transmission as shown in FIG. 1 has the advantage that full-rate transmission can be realized, that is, maximum transmission efficiency can be obtained.
  • Non-Patent Document 1 G.J.roschini, Layered space-time architecture for wireless communication in a fading environment when using multi-element antennas, Bell Labs Tech. J., pp.4 to 59, Autumn 1996
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a MIMO transmitting apparatus, a MIMO receiving apparatus, and a multi-antenna transmission method that realize high-performance, full-rate MIMO transmission.
  • the MIMO transmission apparatus of the present invention is a MIMO transmission apparatus that transmits a plurality of different transmission signals using different antennas, and converts modulated data composed of serial modulation codes into a plurality of parallel substreams.
  • a serial Z parallel conversion means and a predetermined number of blocks having the modulation coding power are sequentially extracted from each of the plurality of substreams, and the extracted blocks are serial Z parallel converted in units of the blocks to generate parallel signals.
  • Mapping processing for outputting the formed parallel signals as the plurality of transmission signals so that the parallel signals obtained from the plurality of blockers from which the same substream force is extracted are not temporally adjacent to each other And a means comprising the means.
  • the MIMO receiver of the present invention is a MIMO receiver that receives a plurality of transmission signals transmitted from the MIMO transmitter by a plurality of antennas, and receives signals received by the plurality of antennas.
  • the parallel signal included in the block is combined for each of the blocks, and a combined means for outputting the combined parallel signal obtained by the combining for each substream, the MIMO transmission apparatus and the own apparatus using the received signal, Channel estimation means for obtaining a channel estimation matrix between the matrix and matrix conversion for converting the channel estimation matrix into a matrix having a format corresponding to the synthesized parallel signal for each substream obtained by the synthesis means
  • the substream in the MIMO transmitting apparatus by separating the combined parallel signal based on the transformed matrix A configuration that includes a signal separating means.
  • a multi-antenna transmission method converts modulated data comprising a serial modulation code.
  • a parallel signal is formed by conversion, and the formed parallel signals are transmitted as a plurality of transmission signals so that the parallel signals obtained by the plurality of block forces extracted by the same substream force are not temporally adjacent to each other.
  • the present invention it is possible to provide a MIMO transmitter, a MIMO receiver, and a multi-antenna transmission method that realize high-performance, full-rate MIMO transmission.
  • FIG. 1 Block diagram showing the structure of a conventional spatial multiplexing MIMO system
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a MIMO communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the preprocessing unit in FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the selection mapping unit in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing operations on the transmission side for each code stream.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a specific example of input and output of the selection mapping unit.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a preprocessing unit when performing I-axis interleaving.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a preprocessing unit when both IQ axes are interleaved
  • FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the selective combining unit in FIG.
  • FIG. 18 shows a comparison of the performance of the method employed in the present invention and the conventional method.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of the MIMO communication system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the MIMO transmission apparatus includes an encoding unit 101 that performs encoding processing on input transmission data, a modulation unit 102 that performs constellation modulation on input data, and a serial Z normal ( SZP) conversion section 201, blocking section 202, preprocessing section 203, selection mapping section 204, and n antennas 104.
  • SZP serial Z normal
  • Serial Z parallel (S / P) conversion section 201 converts modulation data composed of serial modulation codes into a plurality of parallel substreams (modulation code streams). Multiple substreams are output to different paths.
  • Blocking section 202 sequentially extracts M code blocks from each of a plurality of substreams. That is, each substream is divided into M code blocks. Each code block has a length of Nn (N is a natural number of 2 or more).
  • Preprocessing section 203 performs constellation rotation operation, IQ separation, interleaving, and IQ composition processing on each of the plurality of substreams.
  • the preprocessing unit 203 includes a constellation rotating unit 301, I , Q separation unit 302, Q axis interleaver 303, and I, Q synthesis unit 304.
  • the constellation rotation unit 301 converts the modulation codes of a plurality of substreams, and performs a constellation rotation corresponding to the signal point after the signal point indicated by the modulation code is rotated on the constellation. Convert to post-modulation code.
  • the I and Q separation unit 302 separates the constellation post-rotation modulation code obtained by the constellation rotation unit 301 into an I component and a Q component.
  • the Q-axis interleaver 303 performs an interleaving process on the Q component obtained by the I and Q separation unit 302.
  • the interleave length corresponds to the code block.
  • the I / Q combining unit 304 includes the I component separated by the I / Q separation unit 302 and the Q-axis interleaver 3
  • the Q component that has been interleaved is synthesized. In this way, multiple substreams are obtained that have been subjected to constellation rotation, IQ separation, interleaving, and IQ synthesis.
  • Selection mapping section 204 sequentially extracts a sub-block having a predetermined number of modulation coding powers from each of the plurality of sub-streams output from preprocessing section 203, and extracts the extracted sub-block as its sub-block.
  • a parallel signal is formed by performing serial / parallel conversion in units of blocks, and further, the parallel signals thus formed are arranged so that parallel signals obtained by a plurality of sub-block forces obtained by extracting the same sub-stream force are not temporally adjacent.
  • the signal is output to different antennas 104 as a plurality of transmission signals.
  • the selection mapping unit 204 outputs the formed parallel signals so that the parallel signals obtained by sub-block forces extracted with the same code block force are not temporally adjacent.
  • the selection mapping unit 204 obtains a plurality of subblock forces included in one code block in one substream so that the substreams related to the output parallel signals are sequentially switched.
  • a plurality of parallel signals are output at the closest timing among the parallel signals related to the one substream.
  • the selection mapping unit 204 includes a substream selection unit 401 and a serial / parallel conversion unit 402 as shown in FIG.
  • the substream selection unit 401 sequentially extracts subblocks each including a predetermined number of modulation codes from each of the plurality of substreams output from the preprocessing unit 203.
  • Serial Z parallel converter 402 selects substream
  • the sub-block extracted by the unit 401 is serial-Z-parallel converted in units of sub-blocks to form a parallel signal, so that multiple sub-block forces extracted from the same sub-stream card can be obtained.
  • the parallel signals thus formed are output to different antennas as a plurality of transmission signals so that the parallel signals are not adjacent in time.
  • the MIMO receiver includes a selection / synthesis unit 211, an integrated MIMO detection unit 212, an equivalent channel configuration unit 213, and a channel estimation matrix between the MIMO transmission device and its own device. It has a channel estimation unit 113 to acquire and n antennas 111.
  • Selective combining section 211 combines the parallel signals included in the received signals (transmitted signals transmitted from the MIMO transmission apparatus) received by the plurality of antennas 111 for each sub-block, and by this combining, The resulting normal signal (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “composite parallel signal”) is output for each substream.
  • Equivalent channel configuration section 213 uses the channel characteristic matrix obtained by channel estimation section 113 as a modulation code corresponding to the constellation rotation of the combined parallel signal for each substream obtained by selection combining section 211. It is converted to a matrix with a format corresponding to (hereinafter, referred to as “equivalent channel matrix”).
  • Integrated MIMO detection section 212 reconstructs the substream in the MIMO transmission apparatus by separating the combined parallel signal based on the matrix obtained by equivalent channel configuration section 213.
  • each of the transmitting side and the receiving side includes n antennas 104 and n pieces of antennas.
  • the antenna 111 is used to transmit and receive signals.
  • the data to be transmitted is subjected to coding processing and constellation modulation by the channel code unit 101 and the modulation unit 102, respectively, and the serial Z parallel conversion unit 201 performs serial processing.
  • Modulation data power consisting of a modulation code power S Converted into multiple parallel substreams. That is, the serial Z-parallel converter 201 can obtain M (M is a natural number) parallel modulation code streams.
  • the blocking unit 202 performs the blocking process.
  • the operation in the preprocessing unit 203 is performed.
  • the blocking unit 202 divides the input serial code stream into code blocks according to the order of input time.
  • Each code block includes Nn modulation codes (N is a natural number of 2 or more).
  • n receiving antennas 111 are used at intervals and at different timings.
  • the selective combining unit 211 performs selective combining on the signals in time and space, and a received signal corresponding to the code block on the transmitting side that has undergone the MIMO channel is restored.
  • channel estimation is performed by the pilot signal in this received signal or by other methods. That is, the channel characteristic matrix H at the reception timing is estimated.
  • the equivalent channel matrix configuration unit 213 configures an equivalent channel matrix corresponding to each code block.
  • integrated MIMO detection section 212 sequentially performs spatiotemporal integration detection on the data in each block based on this equivalent channel characteristic matrix, so that the original transmission data is finally obtained.
  • the transmission side transmits M modulation code streams in parallel.
  • the n code streams are not transmitted in parallel as in the conventional method. That is, send in parallel here
  • the number of code streams received need not be limited to the same number as the number of transmit antennas.
  • the output of the serial Z parallel conversion unit 201 is M parallel code streams.
  • the magnitude of the M value may be a fixed value determined by the system or may be selected adaptively. An example will be given later.
  • the selective mapping unit 204 performs selective mapping processing on the M code blocks that have passed through the preprocessing unit 203 before transmission.
  • the difference between the receiving side of the present invention and the prior art is as follows.
  • Selective synthesis operation that is, all spatial signals received at the receiver side at intervals
  • selective combining is performed to restore the received signal corresponding to the code block on the transmitting side that has undergone the MIMO channel.
  • MIMO detection is performed independently on the received signal at each timing.
  • there is an interval and integrated detection is performed on the received signal at the timing. .
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing operations on the transmission side for each code stream.
  • step S501 a blocking operation is performed.
  • the parallel code streams output from the serial / parallel conversion unit 201 are blocked by the blocking unit 202, respectively.
  • the blocking unit 202 divides the input serial code stream into code blocks in the order of input time. Each code block includes Nn modulation codes.
  • the signal after the m-th code stream after serial / parallel conversion is divided into blocks, that is, the m-th code block is expressed as follows.
  • step S502 a constellation rotation operation is performed. This constellation rotation is to rotate the phase of each input modulation code by ⁇ degrees.
  • the m-th code block S is expressed as follows after the constellation rotation.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the constellation rotation.
  • Fig. 6A shows the constellation of QPSK modulation before constellation rotation
  • Fig. 6B shows the constellation of QPSK modulation after constellation rotation. That is, the force obtained by rotating the signal point represented by ⁇ in FIG. 6A by zero rotation is shown in FIG. 6B.
  • ⁇ in Fig. Represents a signal point before the rotation of the race.
  • step S503 the I and Q axes are separated.
  • baseband modulation signals are usually described in a plurality of formats.
  • a complex symbol s is represented by an in-phase component and a quadrature component corresponding to the I and Q axes, ie, a real part and an imaginary part.
  • the I axis of the complex symbol s is R (s) and the Q axis is I (s).
  • R (.) And 1 (.) Represent multiple real and imaginary parts, respectively.
  • s R (s) + jl (s).
  • the I-axis output and Q-axis output after the m-th code block hat [S] after constellation rotation is separated from the I and Q axes are expressed as follows: .
  • step S504 Q-axis interleaving is performed.
  • the interleaving length when interleaving the Q-axis signal is equal to the block length Nn.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a method for selecting an optimal interleave pattern.
  • the parameters N and n are already known at the start, and their meanings are as described above.
  • step S702 an interleave pattern P having a length Nn is first generated to select an optimized interleave pattern! This is the conventional interleaving
  • step S703 the interleave pattern P is divided into N sub-blocks, and adjacent n elements are set as one sub-block.
  • steps S704 to S708 sub-blocks corresponding to each other in P and P
  • P is considered to be an optimized interleave pattern and the selection process ends.
  • the subblock length is n. At this time, if a sub-block in P and corresponding to this
  • FIG. 1 shows the following two examples.
  • Block (0, 1, 2) does not have the same elements.
  • the same element does not exist in the third sub-block (6, 7, 8). However, the same element 4 exists in the second subblock (4, 2, 6) of P and the second subblock (3, 4, 5) of P.
  • this interleave pattern candidate P is considered not to meet the optimization criteria, it is necessary to select a new interleave pattern candidate.
  • the interleave pattern candidate at this time satisfies the optimization criterion and can be used as an interleave pattern.
  • step S505 an I and Q axis synthesis operation is performed.
  • I and Q axis composition is the reverse operation of I and Q axis separation in step S503. That is, the signal S ′ obtained through I and Q synthesis is expressed as follows.
  • step S506 and step S507 selection mapping and transmission are performed.
  • the selection mapping unit 204 includes a substream selection unit 401 and a serial / parallel conversion unit 402.
  • the substream selection unit 401 sequentially selects the input M signals (code blocks) in time, and selects a signal (subblock) of length n each time.
  • the serial Z parallel conversion unit 402 forms a parallel signal by performing serial Z parallel conversion on the sub-blocks extracted by the sub-stream selection unit 401 in units of the sub-blocks, and further extracts the same sub-stream mower.
  • the formed parallel signals are used as a plurality of transmission signals so that the normal signals obtained from the plurality of sub-blocks are not temporally adjacent to each other. Output to the antenna 104.
  • the selective mapping unit 204 continuously transmits a total of MNn codes in total for M signals (each block length is Nn).
  • Nn codes on code block 0 are transmitted at timing 0, M, 2M, ..., (N— 1) M, and
  • N codes are sent to the group.
  • Nn codes on block 1 are timing 1, M + 1, 2
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart of selection mapping. As shown in the figure, in steps S801 to S806, M substreams are sequentially selected (that is, cyclically performed), serial Z parallel conversion is performed, and then output at the timing described above.
  • the length of one-time selection and serial / parallel conversion is n (that is, in sub-block units).
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of input and output of the selection mapping unit 204.
  • select mapping
  • the first code block is represented as ⁇ AO, A1, ⁇ , A5 ⁇
  • the second code block is represented as ⁇ BO, B1, ⁇ , B5 ⁇
  • the third code The block is represented as ⁇ CO, C1, ⁇ , C5 ⁇
  • the fourth code block is represented as ⁇ DO, D1, ⁇ , D5 ⁇ .
  • the substream selection unit 401 When performing selection mapping, the substream selection unit 401 first performs n before the first code block.
  • n 3 signals ⁇ A3, A4, A5 ⁇ are newly selected after the first code block, and this is selected.
  • the operation to be performed in selection mapping is that M code blocks (each block length is Nn), a total of MNn codes in time series M
  • mapping data of the same code block is required to be mapped at intervals, that is, transmitted at intervals and at different timings.
  • Nn codes on block 0 are transmitted at timing 0, M, 2M, ..., (N-1) M ⁇
  • N codes are transmitted at each timing. Nn codes on block 1 are tied
  • the code block of the eye is expressed as follows.
  • This signal S is subjected to constellation rotation, I and Q axis separation, Q axis interleaving, and I and Q axis synthesis, and then becomes S ', which is expressed as follows.
  • Send the two codes before the second code block send the two codes before the third code block at the third timing, send the two codes after the 0th code block at the fourth timing, Two codes after the first code block are transmitted at the fifth timing, two codes after the second code block are transmitted at the sixth timing, and two codes after the third code block are transmitted at the seventh timing. Send the code.
  • the operation for each code block on the transmission side has been described above.
  • the selection of the above M and N values is usually done in the initial system settings.
  • the M value can be determined by using an adaptive selection method.
  • Q-axis interleaving can be replaced with I-axis interleaving, and other I, Q-axis separation, I and Q-axis synthesis, and interleaving methods can be left unchanged. It is also possible to interleave the I axis and Q axis at the same time.
  • Fig. 12 and Fig. 13 show a configuration example of the preprocessing unit when I-axis interleaving is performed and a configuration example of the preprocessing unit when both I and Q axes are interleaved, respectively.
  • the reception signal on the reception side of the signal thus transmitted can be derived as follows.
  • the m-th code block S 'on the transmission side is expressed as follows.
  • (n) is the n-th sub-block of length n in S, where m m T
  • transmission signals on consecutive MN timings can be expressed as follows.
  • Y ( ⁇ ) is the reception vector when S, ( ⁇ ) is transmitted, and it is a vector of ⁇ * 1 and mm R
  • overline (Y) is a received signal matrix, and the number of dimensions is n * (MN).
  • overline (H) represents the MIMO channel matrix on this MN timing, and the number of dimensions is n * (n MN). And overline (H) can be expressed as follows.
  • H [ ⁇ (0), ⁇ ( ⁇ ), ..., ⁇ ( ⁇ - ⁇ )] H (j) represents the channel characteristic matrix of the jth timing.
  • overline (S) is a transmission signal matrix, and the number of dimensions is n * (MN).
  • overline (N) represents the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) on the receiving side, and the number of dimensions is n * (MN).
  • AWGN additive white Gaussian noise
  • This step corresponds to the operation of the selection combining unit 211 in FIG.
  • the operation in this step is the reverse operation of the selection mapping process on the transmission side, that is, the signals belonging to the same code block are recombined from all received signals.
  • the selective combining unit 211 in FIG. 2 can be shown in detail as shown in FIG.
  • the selection / combination unit 211 includes a parallel Z-serial conversion unit 1001 and a demultiplexing unit 1002.
  • NORMAL Z serial converter 1001 parallels n parallel signals received by the receiving antenna
  • the demultiplexer 1002 After RZ serial conversion, the demultiplexer 1002 performs demultiplexing operations on the output of the parallel Z serial converter 1001 in time order. Specifically, every time a signal of length n is collected, the demultiplexing unit 1002 uses this collection for each output brand.
  • the number of output branches corresponding to the demultiplexer 1002 is M.
  • a first length n signal block is output on branch 1 and a second length n signal block is output.
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the input and output of the selection / synthesis unit 211.
  • the horizontal axis is the time axis
  • the vertical axis is the space axis.
  • the received signal ⁇ AO, Al, A2 ⁇ at timing 0 is demultiplexed and output from the first branch.
  • the received signal ⁇ BO, Bl, B2 ⁇ at timing 1 is demultiplexed and output from the second branch.
  • the received signal ⁇ CO, CI, C2 ⁇ at timing 2 is demultiplexed and output from the third branch.
  • the received signal ⁇ DO, Dl, D2 ⁇ at timing 3 is demultiplexed and the fourth branch force is also output. Thereafter, the operation is continuously repeated, and the received signals ⁇ A3, A4, A5 ⁇ at timing 4 are demultiplexed and output from the first branch, and so on.
  • the signal format finally output by the selection / synthesis unit 211 is as shown on the right side of FIG.
  • the selective combining operation is to divide the received signal overline (Y) in Equation (1) into different transmission code blocks.
  • the received signal of the transmission code, c becomes as Equation (2)
  • overline (Y) is a received signal when the transmission signal extracted at all the MN timings is the m-th block code S ′.
  • Equation (2) the channel characteristic matrix for the m-th block code S 'has already been obtained as follows using Equation (2).
  • transmission code block S ' is a code stream that has undergone a series of conversions, and is not the original modulation code stream. Therefore, MIMO detection cannot be performed using the above channel matrix ⁇ ⁇ as it is.
  • Equation (2) it is desirable to convert equation (2) into a form like equation (3).
  • H corresponds to the original code sequence S and is an equivalent channel matrix that can be used for MIMO detection as it is.
  • hat (P) is a permutation matrix corresponding to the Q-axis interleaving on the transmitting side
  • I is an Nn-unit identity matrix.
  • equation (3) changes to equation (5) below.
  • the equivalent channel matrix obtained above is used to detect the modulation code vector in Equation (5) using the conventional MIMO detection method.
  • the modulation code vector is a vector shown below.
  • FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of an adaptive MIMO system.
  • FIG. 17 is different from FIG. 2 in that AMC (in AMC202 in FIG. 2) is used for M code streams in parallel with fixed code and modulation as shown in FIG. It is only that it adopts processing. Accordingly, a parameter determination unit 214 and a feedback channel are added to the receiving side.
  • the values of M and N are usually the initial values set by the system.
  • the M value may be selected adaptively. The basic idea is to select a small M value when the channel time fluctuation is fast, and select a large M value when the channel time fluctuation is slow. In an actual system, based on the actual size of f and T, for example, read the table below and
  • the Table 1 shows an example of adaptively selecting the M value based on system parameters.
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a comparison of performance between the method employed in the present invention and the conventional method.
  • BER Bit Error Rate
  • FIG. 18 the horizontal axis is SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio).
  • the number of transmitting antennas n is 2, and the number of receiving antennas n is 2.
  • Channel is flat
  • MIMO channels are used, and the channels between antennas are independent. N is 2, and the M value is large enough (so that no correlation occurs between channels in the M transmission timing interval in the time domain).
  • M IMO detection is maximum likelihood detection (ML).
  • ML maximum likelihood detection
  • the constellation rotation angle ⁇ is 26.6 °.
  • the simulation results in Fig. 18 indicate that the inventive method can achieve better BER performance.
  • a multi-antenna transmission method based on constellation rotation including the following steps.
  • the method performs channel coding, constellation modulation, and serial Z parallel conversion on the data to be transmitted, and obtains M (where M is a natural number) parallel modulation code streams.
  • M where M is a natural number
  • For each modulation code stream block M, constellation rotation, orthogonal separation, interleaving, and orthogonal synthesis operations are executed in parallel, and M modulation code streams are sequentially applied in the order of time.
  • n codes in one modulation code stream are mapped to n transmit antennas one by one, and the same timing
  • the step of receiving the signal and the received signal having spatial and temporal distribution are combined, the modulation code block is restored, the channel is estimated at the same time, and an equivalent channel matrix corresponding to the modulation code block is obtained. And a step of performing spatio-temporal joint detection on the modulation code block based on the equivalent channel matrix and restoring the original transmission data.
  • the operations of blocking, constellation rotation, orthogonal separation, interleaving, and orthogonal composition performed on each modulation code stream are as follows. That is, according to the input time sequence, based on the number of transmit antennas n, Nn codes
  • the modulation code stream is divided into blocks with the length as the block length, and each of the modulation code blocks includes N sub-blocks each having a length of n codes. Where n is a natural number,
  • N is a natural number of 2 or more.
  • each modulation code is rotated by a predetermined constellation rotation angle ⁇ .
  • the modulation code after each rotation is separated into two components that are orthogonal to each other. In each modulation code block Nn, two separated components
  • Interleave at least one of them to produce two interleaved components. Also, as a reverse operation of the orthogonal separation step, the two components after interleaving are combined to generate one code stream to be mapped. [0097] Preferably, at least one of the two components after separation in each modulation code block Nn.
  • the components after interleaving do not have the same elements in the same sub-block as compared to before interleaving.
  • the method includes the following. That is, select the M value appropriately according to the channel status, select a small M value when the channel time fluctuation is fast, and select a large M value when the channel time fluctuation is slow. To do.
  • the value of M is selected based on the product of the maximum channel Doppler shift f and the transmission time interval.
  • a multi-antenna transmission method based on constellation rotation including the following steps is presented. That is, the method performs serial / parallel conversion on the data to be transmitted to obtain M parallel data streams, where M is a natural number and each data stream is adaptively modulated in parallel.
  • the M modulation code streams are selected one by one according to the order of time, and the steps of performing encoding, blocking, constellation rotation, orthogonal separation, interleaving, and orthogonal synthesis, and time sequence.
  • N codes one by one in the modulation code stream
  • mapping to multiple transmit antennas, transmitting at the same timing, cyclically performing this selective mapping transmission, and multiple receive antennas that are greater than or equal to n.
  • the step of receiving all spatial signals at the same timing and the received signals having spatial and temporal distribution are integrated, the modulation code block is restored, and channel estimation is performed simultaneously.
  • ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ Based on the parameters used in the equivalent channel matrix and the adaptive modulation and code determined by the feedback channel, the step of constructing an equivalent channel matrix corresponding to the above modulation code block Performing spatio-temporal integration detection and restoring the original transmission data.
  • the system includes a channel coding device that performs channel coding on data to be transmitted, a constellation modulation device that performs constellation modulation on the coded data, and data after constellation modulation. Is converted to serial Z to parallel, and M (M is a natural number) parallel modulation code streams are obtained. M blockers that perform locking operations, M preprocessors that perform constellation rotation, orthogonal separation, interleaving, and orthogonal synthesis operations on each modulation code stream in parallel, and time In this order, M modulation code streams are selected in order, and each time n codes in one modulation code stream are selected one by one.
  • a selective mapping device that maps to a transmission antenna, transmits at the same timing, and cyclically performs this selective mapping transmission, and n receiving antennas that are greater than or equal to n.
  • a selection synthesizer that receives all spatial signals at multiple intervals and integrates the received spatial and temporal distribution signals and restores the modulation code block, and channel estimation. Based on the equivalent channel matrix and the channel estimation and equivalent channel configuration device that constitutes the equivalent channel matrix corresponding to the modulation code block, the original transmission data is restored by performing spatio-temporal detection on the modulation code block. Yes Includes a spatio-temporal integrated detector.
  • each of the M blocking devices has a modulation code stream in accordance with the order of input time, and according to the number n of transmission antennas, the length of Nn codes is a block length.
  • Each modulation code block is divided into N codes with a length of n codes.
  • n is a natural number and N is a natural number of 2 or more.
  • each of the M preprocessing devices includes a constellation rotating device that rotates each modulation code by a predetermined constellation rotation angle, and a modulation after each rotation.
  • An orthogonal separator that separates the code into two components orthogonal to each other, and at least one of the two separated components is interleaved in each modulation code block Nn.
  • an interleave device that generates two interleaved components and a device corresponding to the orthogonal demultiplexer that combines the two interleaved components to generate a code stream to be mapped.
  • a multi-antenna transmission system including the following devices.
  • the system performs serial Z-parallel conversion on the data to be transmitted, serial / normal conversion devices that obtain M parallel data streams (where M is a natural number), and each data stream.
  • M adaptive modulation and code encoders that perform adaptive modulation and code encoding in parallel to generate a modulation code stream
  • M blockers for performing blocky operations on the modulation code streams in parallel for each data stream
  • constellation rotation, orthogonal separation, and interleaving for each data stream in parallel M modulation code streams are sequentially selected according to the time order and M pre-processors that perform orthogonal combining operations, and one n code in one modulation code stream is selected each time.
  • N transmit antennas each
  • a selection mapping device that cyclically performs this selective mapping transmission and a plurality of reception antennas via n receiving antennas that are greater than or equal to n.
  • the power to transmit M modulation code streams in parallel is sequentially blocked for each code stream, constellation rotation, I, Q axis separation, Q axis interleaving, This is sent after I / Q axis composition and selection mapping.
  • the receiving side first performs selective combining on the received signal, obtains a received signal corresponding to the code block on the transmitting side that has passed through the channel, and performs spatio-temporal MIMO detection on this.
  • the same modulation code is mapped to two timings by constellation rotation and Q-axis interleaving.
  • the correlation of transmission channels within the same block can be effectively reduced. For this reason, space diversity can be obtained and time diversity can be obtained, thereby improving the performance.
  • modulation data having serial modulation coding power is converted into a plurality of parallel substreams to a MIMO transmission apparatus that transmits a plurality of different transmission signals using different antennas.
  • a predetermined number of blocks having the modulation coding power are sequentially extracted from each of the serial Z parallel conversion unit 201 and the plurality of substreams.
  • the parallel block is formed by converting the extracted block into serial z parallel conversion in units of blocks, and the parallel signals obtained from multiple blocks with the same substream force are not adjacent in time.
  • a selection mapping unit 204 as mapping processing means for outputting the formed parallel signal as the plurality of transmission signals.
  • the MIMO transmission apparatus is provided between the serial Z-parallel converter 201 and the mapping processing means, and the modulation point of each of the plurality of substreams is represented by a signal point indicated by the modulation code.
  • a constellation rotation unit 301 as a modulation code conversion means for converting into a modulation code after constellation rotation corresponding to a signal point after rotation on the constellation.
  • the constellation rotation will include information on both the original I-axis and Q-axis (I-axis and Q-axis) after rotation.
  • Multiple block streams of substreams The parallel signals obtained are mapped so as not to be adjacent in time, so the correlation in the time domain of the channel is eliminated, so that not only the spatial diversity effect but also the time diversity effect is obtained. be able to.
  • a code block provided between the serial Z parallel conversion unit 201 and the mapping processing means, and including a predetermined number of blocks from each of the plurality of substreams Q-axis as an interleaver, which is provided at the input stage of the mapping processing means 202 and the mapping processing means 202 for sequentially extracting the code blocks, and interleaves the code blocks using the code blocks as the interleave length.
  • an interleaver 303 an interleaver 303.
  • one decompression code is expanded and transmitted over two channels by Q-axis interleaving, and a parallel signal that can also obtain a plurality of block powers of the same substream is obtained. Since mapping is performed in such a manner that the channels are not adjacent in time, the correlation in the time domain of the channel is eliminated, so that not only the spatial diversity effect but also the time diversity effect can be obtained.
  • modulation data having serial modulation coding power is parametrically transmitted to a MIMO transmission apparatus that transmits a plurality of different transmission signals using different antennas.
  • Serial Z-parallel converter 201 for converting into a plurality of real sub-streams, and block forming unit 202 as code block processing means for sequentially extracting a code block including a predetermined number of blocks from each of the plurality of sub-streams.
  • an I / Q separation unit 302 as orthogonal separation means for orthogonally separating the modulation codes included in the code block, and at least one of the I component and Q component after the orthogonal separation is transferred to the code block.
  • Q-axis interleaver 303 that interleaves as an interleave length
  • I and Q combiner 304 as orthogonal combining means for orthogonally combining I and Q components, at least one of which is interleaved by Q-axis interleaver 302
  • a predetermined number of blocks including the modulation code are sequentially generated from each of the plurality of substreams after the orthogonal synthesis.
  • a parallel signal is formed by serial / parallel conversion of the extracted block in units of blocks, and the same substream force is extracted.
  • a selection mapping unit 204 as mapping processing means for outputting the formed parallel signals as the plurality of transmission signals.
  • the received signal received by the plurality of antennas is received by the MIMO receiving apparatus that receives the plurality of transmission signals transmitted from the MIMO transmission apparatus by the plurality of antennas.
  • the parallel signal included in the block is combined for each of the blocks, and a combined parallel signal obtained by the combining is output for each substream, and a selection combining unit 211 serving as a combining unit, and the MIMO transmission using the received signal
  • a channel estimation unit 113 as channel estimation means for obtaining a channel estimation matrix between the apparatus and the own apparatus, and the channel estimation matrix in a format corresponding to the synthesized parallel signal for each substream obtained by the synthesis means
  • Equivalent channel configuration section 213 as matrix conversion means for converting into a matrix having
  • an integrated MIMO detection unit 212 as signal separation means for restoring the substream in the MIMO transmission apparatus by separating the substreams.
  • the parallel signal included in the reception signals received by the plurality of antennas is In addition to the synthesis for each block, a selection synthesis unit 211 as a synthesis means for outputting a synthesis normal signal obtained by this synthesis for each substream.
  • Channel estimation unit 113 as channel estimation means for acquiring a channel estimation matrix between the MIMO transmission apparatus and its own apparatus using the received signal, and the channel estimation matrix can be obtained by the synthesis means Equivalent channel configuration section 213 as matrix conversion means for converting the combined parallel signal for each substream into a matrix having a format corresponding to the modulation code corresponding to before the constellation rotation, and the converted matrix And an integrated MIMO detection unit 212 as signal separation means for restoring the substream in the MIMO transmission apparatus by separating the combined parallel signal based on the above.
  • the MIMO transmitter, MIMO receiver, and multi-antenna transmission method of the present invention are useful for realizing high-performance and full-rate MIMO transmission.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif d'émission MIMO, un dispositif de réception MIMO et un procédé d'émission à antennes multiples pour réaliser une émission MIMO à un niveau élevé de performance au débit maximal. Le dispositif d'émission MIMO destiné à émettre différents signaux d'émission avec les antennes respectives comprend une section de conversion série/parallèle (201) pour convertir les données modulées composées de codes modulés sériels en sous-flux parallèles, et une section de mise en correspondance sélective (204) servant de moyen de mise en correspondance pour extraire séquentiellement des blocs composés d'un nombre prédéterminé de codes modulés à chacun des sous-flux, générant des signaux parallèles en convertissant en série/parallèle les blocs extraits en unités de bloc, en sortant les signaux parallèles générés sous la forme de signaux d'émission de façon à ce que les signaux parallèles acquis à partir des blocs extraits à partir d'un même sous-flux ne soient temporairement pas côte à côte. Le dispositif de réception MIMO réalise une détection MIMO intégrale dans l'espace et le temps.
PCT/JP2007/055116 2006-03-15 2007-03-14 Dispositif d'emission mimo, dispositif de reception mimo et procede d'emission a antennes multiples Ceased WO2007105762A1 (fr)

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