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WO2007102297A1 - Valve, valve controller and fuel cell system - Google Patents

Valve, valve controller and fuel cell system Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2007102297A1
WO2007102297A1 PCT/JP2007/052438 JP2007052438W WO2007102297A1 WO 2007102297 A1 WO2007102297 A1 WO 2007102297A1 JP 2007052438 W JP2007052438 W JP 2007052438W WO 2007102297 A1 WO2007102297 A1 WO 2007102297A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve
tank
fuel cell
flow rate
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2007/052438
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Masahiro Takeshita
Tsukuo Ishitoya
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toyota Motor Corp
Original Assignee
Toyota Motor Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toyota Motor Corp filed Critical Toyota Motor Corp
Priority to DE112007000513T priority Critical patent/DE112007000513T5/en
Priority to US12/223,484 priority patent/US20090014089A1/en
Publication of WO2007102297A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007102297A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/30—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces specially adapted for pressure containers
    • F16K1/304—Shut-off valves with additional means
    • F16K1/305—Shut-off valves with additional means with valve member and actuator on the same side of the seat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0644—One-way valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0644—One-way valve
    • F16K31/0648—One-way valve the armature and the valve member forming one element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
    • H01M8/04228—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during shut-down
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/056—Small (<1 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0604—Liners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0614—Single wall
    • F17C2203/0619—Single wall with two layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
    • F17C2203/066—Plastics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
    • F17C2203/0663—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0305—Bosses, e.g. boss collars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0311—Closure means
    • F17C2205/0317—Closure means fusing or melting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0326—Valves electrically actuated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0335—Check-valves or non-return valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0338—Pressure regulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0388—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters
    • F17C2205/0391—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters inside the pressure vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0388—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters
    • F17C2205/0394—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters in direct contact with the pressure vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
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    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0626—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0636—Flow or movement of content
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
    • F17C2260/015—Facilitating maintenance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
    • F17C2260/018—Adapting dimensions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
    • F17C2270/0173—Railways
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0184—Fuel cells
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/05—Applications for industrial use
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/05—Applications for industrial use
    • F17C2270/0518—Semiconductors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/07—Applications for household use
    • F17C2270/0763—Fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a valve configured to be able to adjust a flow rate of a fluid to a secondary side, a pulp control device for the valve, and a fuel cell system including the valve.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a valve capable of accurately adjusting the flow rate of fluid discharged to the outside of a tank, a valve control device for the pulp, and a fuel cell system including the valve.
  • the valve of the present invention for achieving the above object is configured to be able to adjust the flow rate of the fluid to the secondary side, and is provided in the tank so that the secondary side becomes the fluid discharge side from the tank. .
  • the valve then releases the fluid from the tank.
  • the amount can be adjusted by duty control.
  • the pulp in which the fluid flow rate can be adjusted by duty control is provided in the tank, so that the fluid discharge flow rate to the outside of the tank can be accurately adjusted.
  • valve As a configuration in which the valve is provided in the tank, for example, a configuration in which the valve is disposed inside the tank, a configuration in which the valve is directly or indirectly attached to the component of the tank and disposed outside the tank, or It is possible to adopt a configuration in which a part of the valve is disposed inside the tank and the other part of the valve is disposed outside the tank.
  • a valve may be attached to a tank base, or a valve and other valves may be configured as a valve assembly, and the pulp assembly is attached to the tank base. You may install it by screwing.
  • the valve of the present invention has a flow rate adjusting mechanism for adjusting the discharge flow rate by duty control.
  • the flow rate adjustment mechanism should be configured to be able to block the release of fluid from the tank.
  • the valve can also function as a shut-off valve.
  • the flow rate adjusting mechanism can include a valve body, a valve seat that can be separated from and attached to the valve body, and a solenoid that moves the valve body in the direction of separation and connection with respect to the valve seat.
  • the axial direction of the valve usually coincides with the direction of separation of the valve body.
  • the valve seat has elasticity more than the valve base or the valve body. In this way, the function as a pulp shut-off valve can be enhanced.
  • the norp preferably has a configuration in which the valve body comes into contact with the valve seat by the pressure of the tank (primary pressure) to block outflow of fluid.
  • the axis of the valve and the axis of the tank are substantially parallel or coincident.
  • the valve can be configured to be easy to self-clean.
  • a valve When configured as described above, it is possible to discharge contamination such as abrasion powder that may occur during the movement of the valve body to the secondary side by the flow of fluid from the primary side to the secondary side. Become.
  • the valve tends to have a longer length in the axial direction as a whole. For this reason, when the axial direction of the pulp is matched with the axial direction of the tank, the overall length of the pulp and the tank tends to be long.
  • the valve of the present invention is positioned outside the tank body, and the valve axis and the tank axis are substantially perpendicular to each other. There may be.
  • the tank may be provided with a main stop valve separate from the pulp.
  • the main stop valve should be located on the primary side of the valve.
  • the fluid pressure acting on the pulp can be suppressed by closing the main stop valve. Fail safe can also be achieved.
  • the main stop valve is located inside the tank with respect to the tank base, and the valve is located outside the body of the tank.
  • a valve control device of the present invention performs duty control on the above-described valve of the present invention.
  • a fuel cell system of the present invention includes the above-described valve and tank of the present invention, and a fuel cell to which oxidizing gas and fuel gas are supplied.
  • the fluid in the tank is fuel gas.
  • the fuel gas whose discharge flow rate is adjusted by the valve is supplied to the fuel cell.
  • the desired fuel gas can be supplied from the tank with high responsiveness in accordance with the fuel gas consumption in the fuel cell.
  • Another fuel cell system of the present invention is located on the primary side of the valve of the above-described pub of the present invention, a tank storing fuel gas, a fuel cell supplied with fuel gas from the tank, and a valve. And a main stop valve provided in the tank. The main stop valve is closed when the fuel cell system is stopped.
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a fuel cell system according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the valve and tank according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the valve and tank according to the second embodiment.
  • a valve that is duty controlled is provided in a tank so that the flow rate of the fuel gas discharged to the outside of the tank is adjusted.
  • an injector will be described as an example of a valve that is duty controlled.
  • the fuel cell system 1 includes a fuel cell 2, an oxidizing gas piping system 3 that supplies air (oxygen) as an oxidizing gas to the fuel cell 2, and hydrogen gas as a fuel gas.
  • a fuel gas piping system 4 to be supplied to the fuel cell 2 and a control device 7 for controlling the entire system are provided.
  • the fuel cell 2 is composed of, for example, a solid polymer electrolyte type and has a large number of single cells. It has a layered stack structure.
  • the single cell of the fuel cell 2 has an air electrode on one surface of an electrolyte made of an ion exchange membrane and a fuel electrode on the other surface. Furthermore, the single cell has a pair of separators so as to sandwich the air electrode and the fuel electrode from both sides.
  • the fuel gas is supplied to the fuel gas flow path of one separator, and the oxygen gas is supplied to the oxidizing gas flow path of the other separator, and the fuel cell 2 generates electric power by this gas supply.
  • the oxidizing gas piping system 3 has a supply path 11 1 through which oxidizing gas supplied to the fuel cell 2 flows, and a discharge path 12 through which oxidizing off-gas discharged from the fuel cell 2 flows.
  • the supply path 11 is provided with a compressor 14 that takes in the oxidizing gas through the filter 13 and a humidifier 15 that humidifies the oxidizing gas fed by the compressor 14.
  • Oxidized off-gas flowing through the discharge path 1 2 passes through the back pressure regulating valve 16 and is used for moisture exchange in the humidifier 15, and is finally exhausted into the atmosphere outside the system as exhaust gas.
  • the fuel gas piping system 4 includes a hydrogen tank 21 as a fuel supply source, a supply path 2 2 through which hydrogen gas supplied from the hydrogen tank 21 to the fuel cell 2 flows, and a hydrogen off-gas discharged from the fuel cell 2. (Fuel off-gas) is returned to the confluence A of the supply path 22 and the circulation path 2 3, the permanent off-gas in the circulation path 2 3 is pumped to the supply path 2 2, and the circulation path 2 3 And a discharge path 25 and 5 connected to each other.
  • a hydrogen tank 21 as a fuel supply source
  • a supply path 2 2 through which hydrogen gas supplied from the hydrogen tank 21 to the fuel cell 2 flows
  • a hydrogen off-gas discharged from the fuel cell 2. (Fuel off-gas) is returned to the confluence A of the supply path 22 and the circulation path 2 3, the permanent off-gas in the circulation path 2 3 is pumped to the supply path 2 2, and the circulation path 2 3 And a discharge path 25 and 5 connected to each other.
  • the hydrogen tank 21 is configured to be capable of storing, for example, 35 MPa or 70 MPa of hydrogen gas.
  • the main stop valve 2 6 of the hydrogen tank 2 1 When the main stop valve 2 6 of the hydrogen tank 2 1 is opened, hydrogen gas flows out into the supply path 2 2. Thereafter, after the flow rate and pressure of the hydrogen gas are adjusted by the indicator 29, the hydrogen gas is finally further reduced to, for example, about 200 kPa by a pressure reducing valve including a mechanical pressure regulating valve 27. Supplied to the fuel cell 2.
  • the main stop valve 2 6 and the injector 29 are assembled in the dotted frame 30 in FIG. 1, and the valve assembly 30 is water. It is connected to the elementary tongue 2 1 (details will be described later).
  • a shutoff valve 28 is provided on the upstream side of the confluence A of the supply path 22.
  • the downstream flow path at the confluence point A of the supply path 22, the fuel gas flow path formed in the separator of the fuel cell 2, and the circulation path 23 are connected in order. It consists of
  • the purge valve 3 3 on the discharge path 25 is appropriately opened when the fuel cell system 1 is operating, impurities in the hydrogen off-gas are discharged together with the hydrogen off-gas to a hydrogen diluter (not shown).
  • the purge valve 3 3 By opening the purge valve 3 3, the concentration of impurities in the hydrogen off-gas in the circuit 2 3 decreases and the hydrogen concentration in the circulated hydrogen off-gas increases.
  • the control device 7 is configured as a microcomputer provided with CPU, ROM, and RAM inside.
  • C PU performs a desired calculation according to the control program and performs various processes and controls such as the flow control of the indicator 29.
  • R O M stores a control program and control data to be processed by CPU.
  • the RAM is mainly used as various work areas for control processing.
  • the control device 7 inputs detection signals from various pressure sensors and temperature sensors used in the gas system (3, 4) and a refrigerant system (not shown), and outputs a control signal to each component. As will be described later, the control device 7 functions as a valve control device for controlling the duty of the injector 29.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view around the injector 29 provided in the hydrogen tank 21.
  • the hydrogen tank 21 is composed of a sealed circular tank body 10 0 1 constituting the body of the hydrogen tank 21 1, and a base portion 1 0 2 located at one end in the longitudinal direction of the tank body 1 0 1. I have.
  • the inside of the tank body 10 1 is a storage space 10 4 for storing hydrogen gas at high pressure.
  • the tank body 2 has an inner resin liner 10 7 having gas barrier properties, and a shell 1 0 covering the outside of the resin liner 1 0 7 8 and the two-layer structure.
  • Shell 1 0 8 consists of FRP.
  • the base part 10 2 (mouth part) is made of a metal such as stainless steel, for example, and is provided at the center of the spherical end wall part of the tank body 10 1.
  • the pulp assembly 30 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the base portion 10 2 and is configured to be screwed into the base portion 10 2 through a screw.
  • Pulp assembly 3 0 inside and outside hydrogen tank 2 1! Is provided, and constitutes the gas discharge part in the water tank 21.
  • the valve assembly 30 includes, for example, a single housing 300, and the main stop valve 26 and the indicator engine 29 are incorporated in series in the housing 30.
  • the housing 300 has a main stop valve 26 incorporated in the first region 30 01 inserted into the hydrogen tank 21 and a second region exposed outside the hydrogen tank 21.
  • the indicator 29 is incorporated in the area 30 2.
  • the housing 300 is made of a metal such as SUS or aluminum.
  • the injector 29 and the main stop valve 26, which are the main parts of the present invention, are mainly shown.
  • the housing 30 is provided with a safety valve (relief valve, melted valve). Other pulps such as stopper valves and check valves may be provided.
  • the housing 300 is usually formed with a hydrogen gas filling passage (not shown). Further, the knowing 300 may be configured by a single member or a combination of a plurality of members.
  • the housing 300 also serves as the body (base) of the main stop valve 26 and the indicator 29, but the main stop valve 26 and the body of the injector 29 are formed separately, and the respective bodies Can be assembled to the housing 300.
  • An in-valve channel 3 10 that connects the storage space 10 4 and the external supply channel 2 2 is formed in the housing 3 0.
  • the pulp internal flow path 3 10 is configured by connecting the first flow path 3 11, the second flow path 3 1 2, and the third flow path 3 1 3 in order from the storage space 10 4 side. Between the first flow path 3 1 1 and the second flow path 3 1 2 It is communicated or blocked by valve 26.
  • the second flow path 3 1 2 constitutes the primary flow path of the injector 29.
  • the third flow path 3 1 3 constitutes a secondary flow path of the indicator 29 and is connected to the external supply path 22.
  • the main stop valve 26 (open / close valve) functions as a main valve for the hydrogen tank 21, and shuts off the flow of fluid (hydrogen gas) from the hydrogen tank 21 to the supply path 22.
  • the main stop valve 26 is a solenoid valve type shut-off valve.
  • the valve stem 3 2 1 movable element
  • the valve body 3 2 2 'at the tip of the valve stem 3 2 1 When contacted with 3, the valve flow path 3 1 0 is shut off.
  • the valve rod 3 2 1 is retracted in the axial direction due to demagnetization of the solenoid and the valve body 3 2 2 is separated from the valve seat 3 2 3, the outflow of hydrogen gas from the storage space 10 4 is allowed.
  • the axial direction X—X of the valve stem 3 2 1 and the valve body 3 2 2 coincides with the axial direction of the hydrogen tank 2 1.
  • the axial direction of the main stop valve 26 means the moving direction of the valve body 3 2 2, and in this case, corresponds to the axial direction X—X of the valve body 3 2 2.
  • the indicator 29 is located outside the outer peripheral surface of the tank body 10 1 and is electrically connected to the control device 7.
  • the indicator 29 can adjust the flow rate and pressure of hydrogen gas by driving the valve body 40 1 directly with a predetermined driving cycle with an electromagnetic driving force and separating it from the valve seat 40 2. This is an electromagnetically driven on-off valve.
  • the indicator 29 can control the drive cycle of the valve body 41 to a highly responsive region, and therefore has higher responsiveness than a mechanical pressure regulating valve.
  • the engineer 29 has a flow rate adjusting mechanism 29 0 which can adjust the flow rate and pressure of hydrogen gas to the secondary side.
  • the flow rate adjusting mechanism 29 0 is roughly composed of a main valve portion 4 1 0 and a solenoid portion 4 2 0.
  • the main valve part 4 1 0 and the solenoid part 4 2 0 are provided in the second region 3 0 2 of the housing 3 0 0, and the discharge flow rate of hydrogen gas from the hydrogen tank 2 1 is controlled by duty control. Adjust more.
  • the main valve section ⁇ 4 1 0 is composed of the valve body 4 0 1 and the valve seat 4 0 2 described above.
  • the valve body 4 0 1 is of a poppet type and is made of metal.
  • the axial direction Y—Y of the valve body 4 0 1 is orthogonal to the axial direction X—X of the hydrogen tank 2 1.
  • the axial direction of the injector 26 means the moving direction of the valve body 4 0 1, and in this case, corresponds to the axial direction Y—Y of the valve body 4 0 1.
  • the valve seat 4 0 2 is made of an annular resin member having a sealing property and a pressure resistance, and has a higher elastic modulus than the nosing 3 0 0 (substrate).
  • the center of the valve seat 4 0 2 is open and functions as an injection hole 4 0 4 for spraying hydrogen gas on the secondary side.
  • the opening area of the injection hole 40 4 is variable depending on the axial position of the valve body 41. In the state where the valve body 4 0 1 is in contact with the valve seat 4 0 2, the opening area of the spray hole 40 4 becomes zero, and the outflow of hydrogen gas to the secondary side is blocked.
  • valve body 4 0 1 can be brought into contact with the valve seat 4 0 2 so as to be firmly attached to the secondary side of the hydrogen gas. Can be blocked with a good sealing property.
  • the solenoid portion 4 20 can be constituted by various basic structures such as an I plunger type, and here, it is constituted by a so-called flat plate type.
  • the solenoid part 4 2 0 is composed of a coil 4 2 1, an iron core 4 2 2, and a plate-like plunger 4 2 3 formed integrally with the valve body 4 0 1.
  • a spring 4 2 5 is provided coaxially with the valve body 4 0 1 (Y-Y direction).
  • the spring 4 2 5 biases the valve body 4 0 1 toward the valve seat 4 0 2.
  • the magnetized core 4 2 2 attracts the plunger 4 2 3 and the valve body 4 0 1 by energizing the coil 4 2 1.
  • the valve body 4 0 1 moves in a direction away from the valve seat 4 0 2 against the spring 4 2 5.
  • energization of coil 4 2 1 is stopped, that is, when solenoid part 4 2 0 is demagnetized, valve body 4 0 1 comes into contact with valve seat 4 0 2 due to the panel force of spring 4 2 5.
  • the current supplied to the coil 4 2 1 is a pulsed excitation current.
  • the injector 29 has two stages of opening time (valve opening time) or opening C] of the injection hole 40 4 by turning on and off the pulsed excitation current supplied to the coil 4 2 1. Multi-stage, continuous (no stage), or linear can be switched.
  • the indicator 29 adjusts the flow rate and pressure of the hydrogen gas with high accuracy by controlling the time and timing of gas injection from the injection port 40 4 by the control signal output from the control device 7. To do.
  • duty control for changing the duty ratio of the pulsed excitation current is used as a control method of the indicator 29, duty control for changing the duty ratio of the pulsed excitation current is used.
  • the duty ratio is obtained by dividing the ON time of the pulsed excitation current by the switching period obtained by adding the ON time of the pulsed excitation current and the OFF time.
  • the injector 29 can adjust the secondary pressure to any pressure from 0 to the primary pressure (tank internal pressure).
  • the injector 29 is provided with a hand drain part 4 30 adjacent to the solenoid part 4 2 0.
  • a part of the handle part 4 3 0 is located outside the outer surface of the housing 3 0 0 so that the operator can operate it.
  • the axial direction of the handle part 4 3 0 coincides with the axial direction Y—Y.
  • a screw 4 3 1 is formed on a part of the outer peripheral surface of the handle portion 4 3 0 so as to be screwed into the housing 3 0 0.
  • the injector 29 is provided in the hydrogen tank 21, and when the hydrogen gas flows out from the hydrogen tank 21 to the supply path 22, the flow rate of the hydrogen gas and the The pressure can be adjusted.
  • the hydrogen tank 2 The hydrogen gas discharge flow rate (supply flow rate) from 1 to the fuel cell 2 can be precisely adjusted.
  • the indicator 29 since the indicator 29 is more responsive than a mechanical pressure regulator, it responds to the fuel cell 2 with a flow rate of hydrogen gas according to the amount of power generated by the fuel cell 2, the consumption state of hydrogen gas, or the operating state. It can be supplied with good quality.
  • the injector 29 can block the outflow of hydrogen gas to the secondary side, and the injector 29 itself can function as a tank main valve.
  • the primary hydrogen gas pressure (tank internal pressure) acts on the surface of the plunger 4 2 3 facing the iron core 4 2 2, so the valve body 4 0 1 is closed in the valve closing direction via the plunger 4 2 3.
  • the thrust is applied.
  • the degree of adhesion between the valve body 40 1 and the valve seat 4 0 2 can be increased, and the blocking performance of the flow path in the indicator 29 can be improved.
  • a main stop valve 26 is provided on the primary side of the injector 29 as a tank main valve. For this reason, by closing the main stop valve 26 when the fuel cell system 1 is stopped (when hydrogen gas supply is stopped), it is possible to suppress direct application of the tank internal pressure to the injector 29. Further, even when the shutoff characteristics of the injector 29 are deteriorated, the outflow of hydrogen gas from the hydrogen tank 21 can be shut off by the main stop valve 26, and the fail sale can be achieved satisfactorily.
  • the injector 29 since the injector 29 is disposed outside the hydrogen tank 21, handling and maintenance of the injector 29 can be improved. In addition, since the injector 29 can easily exchange heat with the outside air, the influence of the temperature drop of the hydrogen tank 21 during gas discharge can be suppressed. .
  • the axial direction Y—Y of the injector 29 is perpendicular to the axial direction X—X of the hydrogen tank 21, the total length of the structure in which the valve assembly 30 is provided in the hydrogen tank 21 is compared. Can be shortened. As a result, as a whole The size can be reduced, and the area occupied by the installation space such as the hydrogen tank 2 1 can be reduced. In relation to the limited installation space, although relative, the hydrogen tank 21 can be extended in the longitudinal direction, and the storage capacity of hydrogen gas can be increased.
  • the configuration may be such that the axial direction Y—Y of the injector 29 intersects the axial direction X—X of the hydrogen tank 21.
  • an indicator 29 (valve) according to the second embodiment will be described focusing on the differences.
  • the difference from the first embodiment is that the arrangement of the injectors 29 in the pulp assembly 30 is changed to a coaxial shape.
  • symbol same as 1st Embodiment is attached
  • subjected and the detailed description is abbreviate
  • the injector 29 has a main valve part 4 1 0, a solenoid part 4 2 0, and a handle part 4 3 0. These 4 1 0, 4 2 0 and 4 3 0 are the hydrogen tank 2 1 Are arranged in the first region 3 0 1 of the valve assembly 30 in order along the axial direction X—X. That is, in this embodiment, the axial direction of the indicator 29 corresponding to the axial direction of the valve body 40 1 matches the axial direction X—X of the hydrogen tank 21.
  • the flow path 45 1 extends in the axial direction X—X and communicates with the flow path 4 5 3 in the housing 3 0 0.
  • the flow path 4 5 3 extends in the axial direction X—X so that hydrogen gas flows on the outer periphery of the solenoid part 4 2 0, and communicates with the flow path 4 5 5 on the secondary side of the injector 2 9. Yes.
  • the flow path 45 5 is formed in the housing 300 and communicates with the supply path 22.
  • the hydrogen gas in the storage space 10 4 flows through the flow path 4 5 1, the flow path 4 5 3, the injection hole 4 0 4 and the flow path 4 5 5 in the injector 2 9 in this order, and the supply path 2 Spill to 2.
  • the advantage of this embodiment compared to the first embodiment is that the injector 29 is provided on the same axis as the hydrogen tank 21 so that the injector 29 can be easily cleaned.
  • contamination such as abrasion powder that may be generated when the valve body 40 1 moves in the axial direction can be discharged to the flow path 4 5 5 together with the hydrogen gas flowing through the flow path 4 53.
  • contamination such as abrasion powder that may be generated when the valve body 40 1 moves in the axial direction can be discharged to the flow path 4 5 5 together with the hydrogen gas flowing through the flow path 4 53.
  • the injector 29 can be self-cleaned with a simple structure.
  • Such a self-cleaning effect is particularly useful when the outer peripheral surface of the plunger 4 2 3 or the outer peripheral surface of the valve body 4 0 1 slides on the inner wall of the housing 3 0 0.
  • FIG. 3 does not show an aspect in which the outer peripheral surface of the plunger 4 2 3 or the outer peripheral surface of the valve body 4 0 1 slides.
  • the axial direction of the injector 29 does not have to coincide with the axial direction X—X of the hydrogen tank 21, for example, both may be parallel. Also in this case, the same effect as described above can be achieved. Further, in the valve assembly 30, the main stop valve 26 is omitted, but of course, the main stop valve 26 may be provided on the primary side of the injector 29.
  • the injector 29 described in the first embodiment and the second embodiment can be interpreted as a pressure regulating valve (a pressure reducing valve, a regulator) because it can adjust the gas pressure to the secondary side.
  • the fuel cell system 1 of the present invention described above can be mounted on a two-wheel or four-wheel vehicle, an electric vehicle, an aircraft, a ship, a robot, or other mobile objects. Further, the fuel cell system 1 can be used for stationary use and can be incorporated into a cogeneration system. Further, the tank provided with the injector 29 may be a tank for hydrogen storage alloy or other hydrocarbon-based fuel. It may store the gas. For example, the tank may store compressed natural gas, for example, at 2 O MPa, and the type of the stored fluid is not limited, such as whether it is a gas or a liquid. .

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Abstract

Provided are a valve for accurately adjusting the discharge flow quantity of a fluid to the outside of a tank, a valve controller and a fuel cell system. The valve can adjust the flow quantity of the fluid to a secondary side. The valve is provided on the tank to have the secondary side as the side from which the fluid is discharged from the tank inside. The valve can adjust the discharge quantity of the fluid from the tank inside by duty control.

Description

明細書 バルブ、 'パルプ制御装置及ぴ燃料電池システム 技術分野  Specification Valve, 'Pulp Control Device and Fuel Cell System Technical Field

本発明は、 二次側への流体の流量を調整可能に構成されたバルブ、 そのバ ルプ用のパルプ制御装置、 及ぴそのバルブを備えた燃料電池システムに関す る。 背景技術  The present invention relates to a valve configured to be able to adjust a flow rate of a fluid to a secondary side, a pulp control device for the valve, and a fuel cell system including the valve. Background art

従来、 タンクに貯蔵した燃料を燃料消費装置に供給する供給システムが広 く知られている。 例えば、 特開 2 0 0 5— 4 2 9 2 4号公報に記載の供給シ ステムでは、 タンクに貯蔵した水素化物流体を半導体製造設備に供給してい る。 このタンクには、 タンク外に供給される水素化物流体の圧 Λを調整する 機械式のレギュレータが設けられている。 発明の開示 '  Conventionally, a supply system that supplies fuel stored in a tank to a fuel consuming device is widely known. For example, in the supply system described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-0 4 2 9 2 4, a hydride fluid stored in a tank is supplied to a semiconductor manufacturing facility. This tank is provided with a mechanical regulator that adjusts the pressure Λ of the hydride fluid supplied outside the tank. Invention Disclosure ''

し力、しながら、 タンクに付随するレギユレータでは、 タンク外への燃料の 放出流量を精緻に調整することができなかった。 また、 機械式のレギユレ一 タであるため、 応答性が比較的低かった。  However, with the regulator attached to the tank, it was not possible to precisely adjust the fuel discharge flow rate to the outside of the tank. In addition, because it is a mechanical type regulator, the responsiveness was relatively low.

本発明は、 タンク外への流体の放出流量を精度良く調整できるバルブ、 そ のパルプ用のバルブ制御装置及びそのバルブを備えた燃料電池システムを提 供することを目的とする。  An object of the present invention is to provide a valve capable of accurately adjusting the flow rate of fluid discharged to the outside of a tank, a valve control device for the pulp, and a fuel cell system including the valve.

上記目的を達成するための本発明のバルブは、 二次側への流体の流量を調 整可能に構成されると共に、 二次側がタンク内からの流体の放出側となるよ うにタンクに設けられる。 そして、 バルブは、 タンク内からの流体の放出流 量をデューティ制御により調整可能に構成されたものである。 The valve of the present invention for achieving the above object is configured to be able to adjust the flow rate of the fluid to the secondary side, and is provided in the tank so that the secondary side becomes the fluid discharge side from the tank. . The valve then releases the fluid from the tank. The amount can be adjusted by duty control.

この構成によれば、 流体の流量をデューティ制御により調整可能なパルプ をタンクに設けているので、 タンク外への流体の放出流量を精度良く調整す ることができる。  According to this configuration, the pulp in which the fluid flow rate can be adjusted by duty control is provided in the tank, so that the fluid discharge flow rate to the outside of the tank can be accurately adjusted.

ここで、 バルブをタンクに設ける構成としては、 例えばバルブをタンクの 内部に配置する構成、 バルブをタンクの構成要素に直接的に又は間接的に取 り付けながらタンクの外部に配置する構成、 又は、 バルブの一部をタンク内 に配置し且つバルブの他の部分をタンク外に配置する構成を採用できる。 こ れらのパルプの配置方法としては、 例えば、 バルブをタンクの口金に取り付 けてもよいし、 あるいは、 バルブ及ぴその他のバルブをバルブアッセンプリ として構成し、 パルプアッセンブリをタンクの口金にねじ込むように取り付 けてもよい。  Here, as a configuration in which the valve is provided in the tank, for example, a configuration in which the valve is disposed inside the tank, a configuration in which the valve is directly or indirectly attached to the component of the tank and disposed outside the tank, or It is possible to adopt a configuration in which a part of the valve is disposed inside the tank and the other part of the valve is disposed outside the tank. As a method for arranging these pulps, for example, a valve may be attached to a tank base, or a valve and other valves may be configured as a valve assembly, and the pulp assembly is attached to the tank base. You may install it by screwing.

好ましくは、 本発明のバルブは、 放出流量をデューティ制御により調整す る流量調整機構を有するとよい。 流量調整機構は、 タンク内かちの流体の放 出を遮断可能に構成されているとよい。  Preferably, the valve of the present invention has a flow rate adjusting mechanism for adjusting the discharge flow rate by duty control. The flow rate adjustment mechanism should be configured to be able to block the release of fluid from the tank.

この構成によれば、 バルブを遮断弁としても機能させることができる。 ここで、 流量調整機構は、 弁体と、 弁体が離接可能な弁座と、 弁体を弁座 に対して離接方向に移動させるソレノィドと、 を備えることができる。 この 構成では、 通常、 バルブの軸線方向は、 弁体の離接方向に合致する。 また、 弁座は、 バルブの基体又は弁体よりも弾性を有することが好ましい。 こうす ることで、 パルプの遮断弁としての機能を高めることができる。 さらに、 ノ ルプは、 弁体がタンクの圧力 (一次圧) により弁座に当接して、 流体の流出 を遮断する構成であることが好ましい。  According to this configuration, the valve can also function as a shut-off valve. Here, the flow rate adjusting mechanism can include a valve body, a valve seat that can be separated from and attached to the valve body, and a solenoid that moves the valve body in the direction of separation and connection with respect to the valve seat. In this configuration, the axial direction of the valve usually coincides with the direction of separation of the valve body. Further, it is preferable that the valve seat has elasticity more than the valve base or the valve body. In this way, the function as a pulp shut-off valve can be enhanced. Further, the norp preferably has a configuration in which the valve body comes into contact with the valve seat by the pressure of the tank (primary pressure) to block outflow of fluid.

好ましくは、 バルブの軸線とタンクの軸線とは、 略平行である又は合致す るとよレヽ。  Preferably, the axis of the valve and the axis of the tank are substantially parallel or coincident.

この構成によれば、 バルブを自己清浄し易い構造とし得る。 例えばバルブ を上記のように構成した場合に、 弁体の移動時に発生し得る磨耗粉などのコ ンタミを、 一次側から二次側への流体の流れによって二次側へと排出するこ とが可能となる。 According to this configuration, the valve can be configured to be easy to self-clean. For example, a valve When configured as described above, it is possible to discharge contamination such as abrasion powder that may occur during the movement of the valve body to the secondary side by the flow of fluid from the primary side to the secondary side. Become.

一方で、 一般に、 バルブは全体としてみれば軸線方向に長さを長くとる傾 向にある。 このため、 パルプの軸線方向とタンクの軸線方向とを合致させる と、 バルプ及ぴタンクの全体の長さが長くなり易い。  On the other hand, in general, the valve tends to have a longer length in the axial direction as a whole. For this reason, when the axial direction of the pulp is matched with the axial direction of the tank, the overall length of the pulp and the tank tends to be long.

そこで、 バルブ及びタンクの全体の長さを比較的短くする観点からすれば、 本発明のパルブはタンクのボディよりも外側に位置し、 バルブの軸線とタン クの軸線とは略直交する構成であってもよい。  Therefore, from the viewpoint of relatively shortening the overall length of the valve and the tank, the valve of the present invention is positioned outside the tank body, and the valve axis and the tank axis are substantially perpendicular to each other. There may be.

この構成によれば、 バルブ及びタンクが設置される設置スペースを大きく 占有しないで済むようになる。  According to this configuration, it is not necessary to occupy a large installation space for installing the valve and the tank.

本発明のバルブの好ましい一態様によれば、 タンクにはパルプとは別体の 主止弁が設けられるとよい。 そして、 主止弁はバルブの一次側に位置すると よい。 '  According to a preferred aspect of the valve of the present invention, the tank may be provided with a main stop valve separate from the pulp. The main stop valve should be located on the primary side of the valve. '

この構成によれば、 主止弁を閉じることで、 パルプに作用する流体圧を抑 制することができる。 また、 フェールセーフも達成できる。  According to this configuration, the fluid pressure acting on the pulp can be suppressed by closing the main stop valve. Fail safe can also be achieved.

より好ましくは、 主止弁がタンク口金よりもタンク内側に位置し、 且つパ ルブがタンクのボディよりも外側に位置するとよい。  More preferably, the main stop valve is located inside the tank with respect to the tank base, and the valve is located outside the body of the tank.

上記目的を達成するための本発明のバルブ制御装置は、 上記した本発明の バルブをデューティ制御するものである。  In order to achieve the above object, a valve control device of the present invention performs duty control on the above-described valve of the present invention.

この構成によれば、 バルブを適切にデューティ制御でき、 タンク外への流 体の放出流量を精緻に調整することができる。  According to this configuration, it is possible to appropriately control the duty of the valve, and to precisely adjust the discharge flow rate of the fluid to the outside of the tank.

上記目的を達成するための本発明の燃料電池システムは、 上記した本発明 のバルブ及ぴタンクと、 酸化ガス及び燃料ガスが供給される燃料電池と、 を 備える。 そして、 タンク内の前記流体が燃料ガスである。  In order to achieve the above object, a fuel cell system of the present invention includes the above-described valve and tank of the present invention, and a fuel cell to which oxidizing gas and fuel gas are supplied. The fluid in the tank is fuel gas.

この構成によれば、 バルブにより放出流量が調整された燃料ガスを燃料電 池に供給することができる。 これにより、 燃料電池における燃料ガスの消費 量に対応して、 タンクから所望の燃料ガスを応答性良く供給することができ る。 According to this configuration, the fuel gas whose discharge flow rate is adjusted by the valve is supplied to the fuel cell. Can be supplied to the pond. As a result, the desired fuel gas can be supplied from the tank with high responsiveness in accordance with the fuel gas consumption in the fuel cell.

また、 本発明の別の燃料電池システムは、 上記した本発明のパ ブと、 燃 料ガスを貯留したタンクと、 タンクから燃料ガスが供給される燃料電池と、 バルブの一次側に位置するようにタンクに設けられた主止弁と、 を備える。 そして、 主止弁が、 燃料電池システムの停止時に、 閉弁されるものである。 図面の簡単な説明  Another fuel cell system of the present invention is located on the primary side of the valve of the above-described pub of the present invention, a tank storing fuel gas, a fuel cell supplied with fuel gas from the tank, and a valve. And a main stop valve provided in the tank. The main stop valve is closed when the fuel cell system is stopped. Brief Description of Drawings

図 1は、 第 1実施形態に係る燃料電池システムの構成図である。  FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a fuel cell system according to the first embodiment.

図 2は、 第 1実施形態に係るバルブ及ぴタンクの構造を示す断面図である。 図 3は、 第 2実施形態に係るバルブ及びタンクの構造を示す断面図である。 発明を実施するための最良の形態  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the valve and tank according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the valve and tank according to the second embodiment. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

以下、 添付図面を参照して、 本発明のバルブを備えた燃料電池システムに ついて説明する。 この燃料電池システムは、 デューティ制御されるバルブを タンクに設け、 タンク外への燃料ガスの放出流量を調整するようにしたもの である。 以下では、 デューティ制御されるバルブとして、 インジェクタを例 に説明する。 第 1実施形態  Hereinafter, a fuel cell system provided with a valve of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this fuel cell system, a valve that is duty controlled is provided in a tank so that the flow rate of the fuel gas discharged to the outside of the tank is adjusted. In the following, an injector will be described as an example of a valve that is duty controlled. First embodiment

図 1に示すように、 燃料電池システム 1は、 燃料電池 2と、 酸化ガスとし ての空気 （酸素） を燃料電池 2に供給する酸化ガス配管系 3と、 燃料ガスと しての水素ガスを燃料電池 2に供給する燃料ガス配管系 4と、 システム全体 を統括制御する制御装置 7と、 を備えている。  As shown in FIG. 1, the fuel cell system 1 includes a fuel cell 2, an oxidizing gas piping system 3 that supplies air (oxygen) as an oxidizing gas to the fuel cell 2, and hydrogen gas as a fuel gas. A fuel gas piping system 4 to be supplied to the fuel cell 2 and a control device 7 for controlling the entire system are provided.

燃料電池 2は、 例えば固体高分子電解質型で構成され、 多数の単セルを積 層したスタック構造を備えている。 燃料電池 2の単セルは、 イオン交換膜か らなる電解質の一方の面に空気極を有し、 他方の面に燃料極を有している。 さらに、 単セルは、 空気極及び燃料極を両側から挟みこむように一対のセパ レータを有している。 一方のセパレータの燃料ガス流路に燃料ガスが供給さ れ、 他方のセパレータの酸化ガス流路に酸ィ匕ガスが供給され、 このガス供給 により燃料電池 2は電力を発生する。 The fuel cell 2 is composed of, for example, a solid polymer electrolyte type and has a large number of single cells. It has a layered stack structure. The single cell of the fuel cell 2 has an air electrode on one surface of an electrolyte made of an ion exchange membrane and a fuel electrode on the other surface. Furthermore, the single cell has a pair of separators so as to sandwich the air electrode and the fuel electrode from both sides. The fuel gas is supplied to the fuel gas flow path of one separator, and the oxygen gas is supplied to the oxidizing gas flow path of the other separator, and the fuel cell 2 generates electric power by this gas supply.

酸化ガス配管系 3は、 燃料電池 2に供給される酸化ガスが流れる供給路 1 1と、 燃料電池 2から排出された酸化オフガスが流れる排出路 1 2と、 を有 している。 供給路 1 1には、 フィルタ 1 3を介して酸化ガスを取り込むコン プレッサ 1 4と、 コンプレッサ 1 4により圧送される酸化ガスを加湿する加 湿器 1 5と、 が設けられている。 排出路 1 2を流れる酸化オフガスは、 背圧 調整弁 1 6を通って加湿器 1 5で水分交換に供された後、 最終的に排ガスと してシステム外の大気中に排気される。  The oxidizing gas piping system 3 has a supply path 11 1 through which oxidizing gas supplied to the fuel cell 2 flows, and a discharge path 12 through which oxidizing off-gas discharged from the fuel cell 2 flows. The supply path 11 is provided with a compressor 14 that takes in the oxidizing gas through the filter 13 and a humidifier 15 that humidifies the oxidizing gas fed by the compressor 14. Oxidized off-gas flowing through the discharge path 1 2 passes through the back pressure regulating valve 16 and is used for moisture exchange in the humidifier 15, and is finally exhausted into the atmosphere outside the system as exhaust gas.

燃料ガス配管系 4は、 燃料供給源としての水素タンク 2 1と、' 水素タンク 2 1から燃料電池 2に供給される水素ガスが流れる供給路 2 2と、 燃料電池 2から排出ざれた水素オフガス （燃料オフガス） を供給路 2 2の合流点 Aに 戻すための循環路 2 3と、 循環路 2 3内の永素オフガスを供給路 2 2に圧送 するポンプ 2 4と、 循環路 2 3に分岐接続された排出路 2 5と、 を有してい る。  The fuel gas piping system 4 includes a hydrogen tank 21 as a fuel supply source, a supply path 2 2 through which hydrogen gas supplied from the hydrogen tank 21 to the fuel cell 2 flows, and a hydrogen off-gas discharged from the fuel cell 2. (Fuel off-gas) is returned to the confluence A of the supply path 22 and the circulation path 2 3, the permanent off-gas in the circulation path 2 3 is pumped to the supply path 2 2, and the circulation path 2 3 And a discharge path 25 and 5 connected to each other.

水素タンク 2 1は、 例えば 3 5 M P a又は 7 0 M P aの水素ガスを貯留可 能に構成されている。 水素タンク 2 1の主止弁 2 6を開くと、 供給路 2 2に 水素ガスが流出する。 その後、 水素ガスは、 インジヱクタ 2 9により流量及 び圧力を調整された後、 さらに下流において機械式の調圧弁 2 7を含む減圧 弁により、 最終的に例えば 2 0 0 k P a程度まで減圧されて、 燃料電池 2に 供給される。 主止弁 2 6及ぴインジェクタ 2 9は、 図 1において点線の枠線 リ 3 0に組み込まれ、 バルブアッセンプリ 3 0が水 素タング 2 1に接続されている （詳細は後述する）。 The hydrogen tank 21 is configured to be capable of storing, for example, 35 MPa or 70 MPa of hydrogen gas. When the main stop valve 2 6 of the hydrogen tank 2 1 is opened, hydrogen gas flows out into the supply path 2 2. Thereafter, after the flow rate and pressure of the hydrogen gas are adjusted by the indicator 29, the hydrogen gas is finally further reduced to, for example, about 200 kPa by a pressure reducing valve including a mechanical pressure regulating valve 27. Supplied to the fuel cell 2. The main stop valve 2 6 and the injector 29 are assembled in the dotted frame 30 in FIG. 1, and the valve assembly 30 is water. It is connected to the elementary tongue 2 1 (details will be described later).

供給路 2 2の合流点 Aの.上流側には、 遮断弁 2 8が設けられている。 水素 ガスの循環系は、 供給路 2 2の合流点 Aの下流側流路と、 燃料電池 2のセパ レータに形成される燃料ガス流路と、 循環路 2 3と、 を順番に連通すること で構成されている。 排出路 2 5上のパージ弁 3 3が燃料電池システム 1の稼 動時に適宜開弁することで、 水素オフガス中の不純物が水素オフガスと共に 図示省略した水素希釈器に排出される。 パージ弁 3 3の開弁により、 循環路 2 3内の水素オフガス中の不純物の濃度が下がり、 循環される水素オフガス 中の水素濃度が上がる。  A shutoff valve 28 is provided on the upstream side of the confluence A of the supply path 22. In the hydrogen gas circulation system, the downstream flow path at the confluence point A of the supply path 22, the fuel gas flow path formed in the separator of the fuel cell 2, and the circulation path 23 are connected in order. It consists of When the purge valve 3 3 on the discharge path 25 is appropriately opened when the fuel cell system 1 is operating, impurities in the hydrogen off-gas are discharged together with the hydrogen off-gas to a hydrogen diluter (not shown). By opening the purge valve 3 3, the concentration of impurities in the hydrogen off-gas in the circuit 2 3 decreases and the hydrogen concentration in the circulated hydrogen off-gas increases.

制御装置 7は、 内部に C P U, R OM, R AMを備えたマイクロコンピュ ータとして構成される。 C P Uは、 制御プラグラムに従って所望の演算を実 行して、 インジヱクタ 2 9の流量制御など、 種々の処理や制御を行う。 R O Mは、 C P Uで処理する制御プログラムや制御データを記憶する。 R AMは、 主として制御処理のための各種作業領域として使用される。 制 装置 7は、 ガス系統 （3 , 4 ) や図示省略の冷媒系統に用いられる各種の圧力センサや 温度センサなどの検出信号を入力し、 各構成要素に制御信号を出力する。 後 述するように、 制御装置 7は、 ィンジェクタ 2 9をデューティ制御するバ.ル ブ制御装置として機能するものである。  The control device 7 is configured as a microcomputer provided with CPU, ROM, and RAM inside. C PU performs a desired calculation according to the control program and performs various processes and controls such as the flow control of the indicator 29. R O M stores a control program and control data to be processed by CPU. The RAM is mainly used as various work areas for control processing. The control device 7 inputs detection signals from various pressure sensors and temperature sensors used in the gas system (3, 4) and a refrigerant system (not shown), and outputs a control signal to each component. As will be described later, the control device 7 functions as a valve control device for controlling the duty of the injector 29.

図 2は、 水素タンク 2 1に設けられたインジェクタ 2 9周りの断面図であ る。  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view around the injector 29 provided in the hydrogen tank 21.

先ず、 水素タンク 2 1について説明する。  First, the hydrogen tank 21 will be described.

水素タンク 2 1は、 水素タンク 2 1のボディを構成する密閉円简状のタン ク本体 1 0 1と、 タンク本体 1 0 1の長手方向の一端部に位置する口金部 1 0 2と、 を備えている。 タンク本体 1 0 1の内部は、 水素ガスを高圧で貯留 する貯留空間 1 0 4となっている。 タンク本体 2は、 ガスバリア性を有する 内側の樹脂ライナー 1 0 7と、 樹脂ライナー 1 0 7の外側を覆うシェル 1 0 8と、 の二層構造を有している。 シェル 1 0 8は、 F R Pからなる。 The hydrogen tank 21 is composed of a sealed circular tank body 10 0 1 constituting the body of the hydrogen tank 21 1, and a base portion 1 0 2 located at one end in the longitudinal direction of the tank body 1 0 1. I have. The inside of the tank body 10 1 is a storage space 10 4 for storing hydrogen gas at high pressure. The tank body 2 has an inner resin liner 10 7 having gas barrier properties, and a shell 1 0 covering the outside of the resin liner 1 0 7 8 and the two-layer structure. Shell 1 0 8 consists of FRP.

口金部 1 0 2 (口部） は、 例えばステンレスなどの金属で形成され、 タン ク本体 1 0 1の球面状をした端壁部の中心に設けられている。 口金部 1 0 2 の内周面に形成されためねじを介して、 パルプアッセンブリ 3 0を口金部 1 0 2にねじ込み接続することができるように構成されている。  The base part 10 2 (mouth part) is made of a metal such as stainless steel, for example, and is provided at the center of the spherical end wall part of the tank body 10 1. The pulp assembly 30 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the base portion 10 2 and is configured to be screwed into the base portion 10 2 through a screw.

パルプアッセンブリ 3 0は、 水素タンク 2 1の内外に！:るように設けられ、 水秦タンク 2 1におけるガス排出部を構成している。 バルブアセンブリ 3 0 は、 例えば単一のハウジング 3 0 0を有し、 ハウジング 3 0 0には、 上記の 主止弁 2 6及びインジ工クタ 2 9が直列に組み込まれている。 本実施形態で は、 ハウジング 3 0 0は、 水素タンク 2 1内部に挿入される第 1の領域 3 0 1に主止弁 2 6を組み込むと共に、 水素タンク 2 1外部に露出する第 2の領 域 3 0 2にインジヱクタ 2 9を組み込んでいる。 ハウジング 3 0 0は、 例え ば S U Sやアルミなどの金属により形成されている。  Pulp assembly 3 0 inside and outside hydrogen tank 2 1! Is provided, and constitutes the gas discharge part in the water tank 21. The valve assembly 30 includes, for example, a single housing 300, and the main stop valve 26 and the indicator engine 29 are incorporated in series in the housing 30. In the present embodiment, the housing 300 has a main stop valve 26 incorporated in the first region 30 01 inserted into the hydrogen tank 21 and a second region exposed outside the hydrogen tank 21. The indicator 29 is incorporated in the area 30 2. The housing 300 is made of a metal such as SUS or aluminum.

なお、 図 2では、 本発明の要部であるインジェクタ 2 9及び主止弁 2 6を 中心に表したが、 ハウジング 3 0 0には、 インジヱクタ 2 9等以外に、 安全 弁 （リリーフ弁、 溶栓弁） や逆止弁など他のパルプが設けられてもよい。 ま た、 ハウジング 3 0 0には、 通常、 図示省略した水素ガスの充填通路などが 形成される。 さらに、 ノヽウジング 3 0 0は、 単一の部材又は複数の部材の組 み合わせにより構成されてもよい。 また、 ハウジング 3 0 0は、 主止弁 2 6 及びインジヱクタ 2 9のボディ （基体） を兼ねているが、 主止弁 2 6及ぴィ ンジェクタ 2 9のボディを別個に形成し、 それぞれのボディをハウジング 3 0 0に組み付けてもよレ、。  In FIG. 2, the injector 29 and the main stop valve 26, which are the main parts of the present invention, are mainly shown. However, in addition to the injector 29, the housing 30 is provided with a safety valve (relief valve, melted valve). Other pulps such as stopper valves and check valves may be provided. The housing 300 is usually formed with a hydrogen gas filling passage (not shown). Further, the knowing 300 may be configured by a single member or a combination of a plurality of members. The housing 300 also serves as the body (base) of the main stop valve 26 and the indicator 29, but the main stop valve 26 and the body of the injector 29 are formed separately, and the respective bodies Can be assembled to the housing 300.

ハウジング 3 0 0内には、 貯留空間 1 0 4と外部の供給路 2 2とを連通す るバルブ内流路 3 1 0が形成されている。 パルプ内流路 3 1 0は、 貯留空間 1 0 4側から順に、 第 1流路 3 1 1、 第 2流路 3 1 2、 及び第 3流路 3 1 3 を連ねて構成されている。 第 1流路 3 1 1と第 2流路 3 1 2との間は、 主止 弁 2 6により連通又は遮断される。 第 2流路 3 1 2はインジェクタ 2 9の一 次側の流路を構成する。 第 3流路 3 1 3は、 インジヱクタ 2 9の二次側の流 路を構成し、 外部の供給路 2 2に連なっている。 An in-valve channel 3 10 that connects the storage space 10 4 and the external supply channel 2 2 is formed in the housing 3 0. The pulp internal flow path 3 10 is configured by connecting the first flow path 3 11, the second flow path 3 1 2, and the third flow path 3 1 3 in order from the storage space 10 4 side. Between the first flow path 3 1 1 and the second flow path 3 1 2 It is communicated or blocked by valve 26. The second flow path 3 1 2 constitutes the primary flow path of the injector 29. The third flow path 3 1 3 constitutes a secondary flow path of the indicator 29 and is connected to the external supply path 22.

主止弁 2 6 (開閉弁） は、 水素タンク 2 1に対して元弁として機能し、 水 素タンク 2 1内から供給路 2 2への流体 （水素ガス） の流動を遮断する。 主 止弁 2 6は、 電磁弁式の遮断弁で構成されている。 主止弁 2 6は、 例えば、 ソレノィドの励磁により弁棒 3 2 1 (可動子） がその軸方向に進出し、 弁棒 3 2 1の先端部の弁体 3 2 2'が弁座 3 2 3に当接すると、 バルブ内流路 3 1 0を遮断する。 一方、 ソレノイ ドの消磁により弁棒 3 2 1が軸方向に退避し、 弁体 3 2 2が弁座 3 2 3から離間すると、 貯留空間 1 0 4からの水素ガスの 流出が許容される。 弁棒 3 2 1及ぴ弁体 3 2 2の軸線方向 X— Xは、 水素タ ンク 2 1の軸線方向に合致している。 なお、 主止弁 2 6の軸線方向とは、 弁 体 3 2 2の移動方向を意味し、 この場合弁体 3 2 2の軸線方向 X— Xに相当 する。  The main stop valve 26 (open / close valve) functions as a main valve for the hydrogen tank 21, and shuts off the flow of fluid (hydrogen gas) from the hydrogen tank 21 to the supply path 22. The main stop valve 26 is a solenoid valve type shut-off valve. For example, the valve stem 3 2 1 (movable element) advances in the axial direction due to solenoid excitation, and the valve body 3 2 2 'at the tip of the valve stem 3 2 1 When contacted with 3, the valve flow path 3 1 0 is shut off. On the other hand, when the valve rod 3 2 1 is retracted in the axial direction due to demagnetization of the solenoid and the valve body 3 2 2 is separated from the valve seat 3 2 3, the outflow of hydrogen gas from the storage space 10 4 is allowed. The axial direction X—X of the valve stem 3 2 1 and the valve body 3 2 2 coincides with the axial direction of the hydrogen tank 2 1. The axial direction of the main stop valve 26 means the moving direction of the valve body 3 2 2, and in this case, corresponds to the axial direction X—X of the valve body 3 2 2.

インジヱクタ 2 9は、 タンク本体 1 0 1の外周面よりも外側に位置し、 制 御装置 7に電気的に接続されている。 インジヱクタ 2 9は、 弁体 4 0 1を電 磁駆動力で直接的に所定の駆動周期で駆動して弁座 4 0 2から離隔させるこ とにより、 水素ガスの流量や圧力を調整することが可能な電磁駆動式の開閉 弁である。 インジヱクタ 2 9は、 弁体 4 0 1の駆動周期を高応答の領域まで 制御できるため、 機械式の調圧弁に比べて高い応答性を有している。  The indicator 29 is located outside the outer peripheral surface of the tank body 10 1 and is electrically connected to the control device 7. The indicator 29 can adjust the flow rate and pressure of hydrogen gas by driving the valve body 40 1 directly with a predetermined driving cycle with an electromagnetic driving force and separating it from the valve seat 40 2. This is an electromagnetically driven on-off valve. The indicator 29 can control the drive cycle of the valve body 41 to a highly responsive region, and therefore has higher responsiveness than a mechanical pressure regulating valve.

ィンジ工クタ 2 9は、 二次側への水素ガスの流量及び圧力を調整可能な流 量調整機構 2 9 0を有する。 流量調整機構 2 9 0は、 大別すると、 主弁部分 4 1 0とソレノイド部分 4 2 0とにより構成されている。 主弁部分 4 1 0及 びソレノィド部分 4 2 0は、 ハウジング 3 0 0の第 2領域 3 0 2内に設けら れており、 水素タンク 2 1内からの水素ガスの放出流量をデューティ制御に より調整する。 主弁部^ 4 1 0は、 上記の弁体 4 0 1及ぴ弁座 4 0 2からなる。 弁体 4 0 1は、 ポペットタイプからなり、 金属で形成されている。 弁体 4 0 1の軸線 方向 Y— Yは、 水素タンク 2 1の軸線方向 X— Xに直交している。 なお、 ィ ンジェクタ 2 6の軸線方向とは、 弁体 4 0 1の移動方向を意味し、 この場合 弁体 4 0 1の軸線方向 Y— Yに相当する。 The engineer 29 has a flow rate adjusting mechanism 29 0 which can adjust the flow rate and pressure of hydrogen gas to the secondary side. The flow rate adjusting mechanism 29 0 is roughly composed of a main valve portion 4 1 0 and a solenoid portion 4 2 0. The main valve part 4 1 0 and the solenoid part 4 2 0 are provided in the second region 3 0 2 of the housing 3 0 0, and the discharge flow rate of hydrogen gas from the hydrogen tank 2 1 is controlled by duty control. Adjust more. The main valve section ^ 4 1 0 is composed of the valve body 4 0 1 and the valve seat 4 0 2 described above. The valve body 4 0 1 is of a poppet type and is made of metal. The axial direction Y—Y of the valve body 4 0 1 is orthogonal to the axial direction X—X of the hydrogen tank 2 1. The axial direction of the injector 26 means the moving direction of the valve body 4 0 1, and in this case, corresponds to the axial direction Y—Y of the valve body 4 0 1.

弁座 4 0 2は、 シール性及ぴ耐圧性を有する環状の樹脂部材からなり、 ノヽ ウジング 3 0 0 (基体） よりも高い弾性率を有している。 弁座 4 0 2の中心 は、 開口しており、 二次側に水素ガスを嘖射する噴射孔 4 0 4として機能す る。 噴射孔 4 0 4の開口面積は、 弁体 4 0 1の軸方向の位置によって可変さ れる。 弁体 4 0 1が弁座 4 0 2に当接した状態では、 嘖射孔 4 0 4の開口面 積はゼロとなり、 二次側への水素ガスの流出が遮断される。 上記したように、 弁座 4 0 2に弾性特性をもたせているため、 弁体 4 0 1を弁座 4 0 2に強密 着させるように当接させることができ、 水素ガスの二次側への流出をシール 性良く遮断できる。 '  The valve seat 4 0 2 is made of an annular resin member having a sealing property and a pressure resistance, and has a higher elastic modulus than the nosing 3 0 0 (substrate). The center of the valve seat 4 0 2 is open and functions as an injection hole 4 0 4 for spraying hydrogen gas on the secondary side. The opening area of the injection hole 40 4 is variable depending on the axial position of the valve body 41. In the state where the valve body 4 0 1 is in contact with the valve seat 4 0 2, the opening area of the spray hole 40 4 becomes zero, and the outflow of hydrogen gas to the secondary side is blocked. As described above, since the valve seat 4 0 2 has elastic characteristics, the valve body 4 0 1 can be brought into contact with the valve seat 4 0 2 so as to be firmly attached to the secondary side of the hydrogen gas. Can be blocked with a good sealing property. '

ソレノィド部分 4 2 0は、 Iプランジャ型など各種の基本構造で構成され ることができ、 ここではいわゆる平板型で構成されている。 具体的には、 ソ レノィド部分 4 2 0は、 コイル 4 2 1と、 鉄心 4 2 2と、 弁体 4 0 1と一体 形成された平板状のプランジャ 4 2 3と、 で構成されている。 鉄心 4 2 2と プランジャ 4 2 3との間には、 隙間があると共に、 弁体 4 0 1と同軸上 （Y — Y方向） にスプリング 4 2 5が設けられている。 スプリング 4 2 5は、 弁 体 4 0 1を弁座 4 0 2に向けて付勢する。  The solenoid portion 4 20 can be constituted by various basic structures such as an I plunger type, and here, it is constituted by a so-called flat plate type. Specifically, the solenoid part 4 2 0 is composed of a coil 4 2 1, an iron core 4 2 2, and a plate-like plunger 4 2 3 formed integrally with the valve body 4 0 1. There is a gap between the iron core 4 2 2 and the plunger 4 2 3, and a spring 4 2 5 is provided coaxially with the valve body 4 0 1 (Y-Y direction). The spring 4 2 5 biases the valve body 4 0 1 toward the valve seat 4 0 2.

ィンジェクタ 2 9では、 コイル 4 2 1に通電することで、 磁化された鉄心 4 2 2がプランジャ 4 2 3及ぴ弁体 4 0 1を吸引する。 これにより、 弁体 4 0 1が、 スプリング 4 2 5に抗して弁座 4 0 2から離れる方向に移動する。 逆に、 コイル 4 2 1への通電を停止、 すなわちソレノイド部 4 2 0を消磁す ると、 弁体 4 0 1がスプリング 4 2 5のパネ力により弁座 4 0 2に当接する 方向に移動する。 コイル 4 2 1に供給される電流は、 パルス状励^電流であ る。 In the injector 29, the magnetized core 4 2 2 attracts the plunger 4 2 3 and the valve body 4 0 1 by energizing the coil 4 2 1. As a result, the valve body 4 0 1 moves in a direction away from the valve seat 4 0 2 against the spring 4 2 5. Conversely, when energization of coil 4 2 1 is stopped, that is, when solenoid part 4 2 0 is demagnetized, valve body 4 0 1 comes into contact with valve seat 4 0 2 due to the panel force of spring 4 2 5. Move in the direction. The current supplied to the coil 4 2 1 is a pulsed excitation current.

このように、 インジェクタ 2 9は、 コイル 4 2 1に給電されるパルス状励 磁電流のオン ·オフにより、 噴射孔 4 0 4の開口時間 （開弁時間） 又は開 C] 面積を 2段階、 多段階、 連続的 （無段階）、 又はリニアに切り替え可能に構 成されている。 そして、 インジヱクタ 2 9は、 制御装置 7から出力される制 御信号によって噴射口 4 0 4からのガス噴射の時間及ぴタイミングが制御さ れることにより、 水素ガスの流量及び圧力を高精度に調整する。 この場合の インジヱクタ 2 9の制御方法としては、 パルス状励磁電流のデューティ比を 変化させるデューティ制御が用いられる。 ここで、 デューティ比とは、 パル ス状励磁電流の O N時間を、 パルス状励磁電流の O N時間と O F F時間とを 加算したスィツチング周期で除したものである。 デューティ比を変えること により、 インジェクタ 2 9は、 0から一次圧 (タンク内圧) までの任意の圧 力に、 二次圧を調整することができる。  In this way, the injector 29 has two stages of opening time (valve opening time) or opening C] of the injection hole 40 4 by turning on and off the pulsed excitation current supplied to the coil 4 2 1. Multi-stage, continuous (no stage), or linear can be switched. The indicator 29 adjusts the flow rate and pressure of the hydrogen gas with high accuracy by controlling the time and timing of gas injection from the injection port 40 4 by the control signal output from the control device 7. To do. In this case, as a control method of the indicator 29, duty control for changing the duty ratio of the pulsed excitation current is used. Here, the duty ratio is obtained by dividing the ON time of the pulsed excitation current by the switching period obtained by adding the ON time of the pulsed excitation current and the OFF time. By changing the duty ratio, the injector 29 can adjust the secondary pressure to any pressure from 0 to the primary pressure (tank internal pressure).

図 2に示すように、 インジェクタ 2 9には、 ソレノィド部分 4 2 0に隣接 してハンドノレ部 4 3 0が設けられている。 ハンドル部 4 3 0の一部は、 オペ レータが操作可能なように、 ハウジング 3 0 0の外表面よりも外側に位置し ている。 ハンドル部 4 3 0の軸線方向は、 軸線方向 Y— Yと合致している。 ハンドル部 4 3 0の外周面の一部には、 ハウジング 3 0 0にねじ込み接続さ れるようにおねじ 4 3 1が形成されている。 ハンドル部 4 3 0をハゥジング 3 0 0から取り外すことで、 インジヱクタ 2 9の主弁部分 4 1 0及びソレノ ィド部分 4 2 0を調整することができるようになつている。  As shown in FIG. 2, the injector 29 is provided with a hand drain part 4 30 adjacent to the solenoid part 4 2 0. A part of the handle part 4 3 0 is located outside the outer surface of the housing 3 0 0 so that the operator can operate it. The axial direction of the handle part 4 3 0 coincides with the axial direction Y—Y. A screw 4 3 1 is formed on a part of the outer peripheral surface of the handle portion 4 3 0 so as to be screwed into the housing 3 0 0. By removing the handle portion 4 3 0 from the housing 3 0 0, the main valve portion 4 1 0 and the solenoid portion 4 2 0 of the indicator 2 9 can be adjusted.

以上説明した本実施形態によれば、 水素タンク 2 1にインジェクタ 2 9を 設け、 水素タンク 2 1から供給路 2 2へと水素ガスを流出させる際に、 イン ジヱクタ 2 9で水素ガスの流量及び圧力を調整することができる。 これによ り、 機械式の調圧弁を水素タンク 2 1に設ける場合に比べて、 水素タンク 2 1から燃料電池 2への水素ガスの放出流量 （供給流量） を精緻に賙整できる。 加えて、 インジヱクタ 2 9は、 機械式の調圧弁に比べて応答性が高いので、 燃料電池 2の発電量、 水素ガスの消費状態又は運転状態に応じた流量の水素 ガスを燃料電池 2に応答性良く供給することができる。 . また、 インジェクタ 2 9は、 二次側への水素ガスの流出を遮断することも でさ、 インジェクタ 2 9自体をタンク元弁としても機能させることができる。 特に、 遮断時には、 プランジャ 4 2 3の鉄心 4 2 2に対向する面に一次側の 水素ガス圧 （タンク内圧） が作用するため、 弁体 4 0 1はプランジャ 4 2 3 を介して閉弁方向の推力を作用される。 これにより、 弁体 4 0 1と弁座 4 0 2との密着度が高まり、 インジヱクタ 2 9内における流路の遮断性を高める ことができる。 According to this embodiment described above, the injector 29 is provided in the hydrogen tank 21, and when the hydrogen gas flows out from the hydrogen tank 21 to the supply path 22, the flow rate of the hydrogen gas and the The pressure can be adjusted. As a result, compared with the case where a mechanical pressure regulating valve is provided in the hydrogen tank 2 1, the hydrogen tank 2 The hydrogen gas discharge flow rate (supply flow rate) from 1 to the fuel cell 2 can be precisely adjusted. In addition, since the indicator 29 is more responsive than a mechanical pressure regulator, it responds to the fuel cell 2 with a flow rate of hydrogen gas according to the amount of power generated by the fuel cell 2, the consumption state of hydrogen gas, or the operating state. It can be supplied with good quality. In addition, the injector 29 can block the outflow of hydrogen gas to the secondary side, and the injector 29 itself can function as a tank main valve. In particular, when shut off, the primary hydrogen gas pressure (tank internal pressure) acts on the surface of the plunger 4 2 3 facing the iron core 4 2 2, so the valve body 4 0 1 is closed in the valve closing direction via the plunger 4 2 3. The thrust is applied. As a result, the degree of adhesion between the valve body 40 1 and the valve seat 4 0 2 can be increased, and the blocking performance of the flow path in the indicator 29 can be improved.

一方、 本実施形態では、 インジェクタ 2 9の一次側に、 タンク元弁として 主止弁 2 6を設けている。 このため、 燃料電池システム 1の停止時 （水素ガ ス供給停止時） に主止弁 2 6を閉じることで、 インジェクタ 2 9にタンク内 圧を直接作用させることを抑制できる。 また、 インジェクタ 2 9の遮断特性 が低下した場合にも、 水素タンク 2 1からの水素ガスの流出を主止弁 2 6で 遮断することができ、 フェールセールを好 に達成することもできる。  On the other hand, in this embodiment, a main stop valve 26 is provided on the primary side of the injector 29 as a tank main valve. For this reason, by closing the main stop valve 26 when the fuel cell system 1 is stopped (when hydrogen gas supply is stopped), it is possible to suppress direct application of the tank internal pressure to the injector 29. Further, even when the shutoff characteristics of the injector 29 are deteriorated, the outflow of hydrogen gas from the hydrogen tank 21 can be shut off by the main stop valve 26, and the fail sale can be achieved satisfactorily.

さらに、 インジェクタ 2 9の配置の観点では、 以下のような作用効果があ る。  Further, from the viewpoint of the placement of the injector 29, the following effects are obtained.

すなわち、 インジェクタ 2 9を水素タンク 2 1の外側に配置したため、 ィ ンジェクタ 2 9の取扱い性や保守性を高めることができる。 また、 インジェ クタ 2 9は外気との熱交換が容易となるため、 ガス放出時における水素タン ク 2 1の温度低下の影響を抑制できる。 .  That is, since the injector 29 is disposed outside the hydrogen tank 21, handling and maintenance of the injector 29 can be improved. In addition, since the injector 29 can easily exchange heat with the outside air, the influence of the temperature drop of the hydrogen tank 21 during gas discharge can be suppressed. .

さらに、 ィンジヱクタ 2 9の軸線方向 Y— Yを水素タンク 2 1の軸線方向 X— Xに直交させているため、 水素タンク 2 1にバルブアッセンプリ 3 0が 設けられた状態の構造の全長を比較的短くできる。 これにより、 全体として 小型化でき、 水素タンク 2 1等の設置スペースの占有領域を小さ < できる。 限られる設置スペースとの関係からすれば、 相対的ではあるが、 水素タンク 2 1を長手方向に伸長させることができ、 水素ガスの貯蔵容量を増やすこと ができる。 なお、 インジェクタ 2 9の軸線方向 Y— Yを水素タンク 2 1の軸 線方向 X— Xを交差させる構成であってもよい。 第 2実施形態 Furthermore, since the axial direction Y—Y of the injector 29 is perpendicular to the axial direction X—X of the hydrogen tank 21, the total length of the structure in which the valve assembly 30 is provided in the hydrogen tank 21 is compared. Can be shortened. As a result, as a whole The size can be reduced, and the area occupied by the installation space such as the hydrogen tank 2 1 can be reduced. In relation to the limited installation space, although relative, the hydrogen tank 21 can be extended in the longitudinal direction, and the storage capacity of hydrogen gas can be increased. The configuration may be such that the axial direction Y—Y of the injector 29 intersects the axial direction X—X of the hydrogen tank 21. Second embodiment

次に、 図 3を参照して、 第 2実施形態に係るインジヱクタ 2 9 (バルブ） について相違点を中心に説明する。 第 1実施形態との相違点は、 パルプアツ センプリ 3 0におけるインジェクタ 2 9の配置を同軸形に変更したことであ る。 なお、 第 1実施形態と共通する構成については、 第 1実施形態と同一の 符号を付してその詳細な説明を省略する。 ·  Next, with reference to FIG. 3, an indicator 29 (valve) according to the second embodiment will be described focusing on the differences. The difference from the first embodiment is that the arrangement of the injectors 29 in the pulp assembly 30 is changed to a coaxial shape. In addition, about the structure which is common in 1st Embodiment, the code | symbol same as 1st Embodiment is attached | subjected and the detailed description is abbreviate | omitted. ·

インジェクタ 2 9は、 主弁部分 4 1 0、 ソレノィド部分 4 2 0、 及ぴハン ドル部分 4 3 0を有し、 これら 4 1 0， 4 2 0及び 4 3 0は、 これらは水素 タンク 2 1の軸線方向 X— Xに沿って順にバルブアッセンプリ 3 0の第 1の 領域 3 0 1に配置されている。 つまり、 本実施形態では、 弁体 4 0 1の軸線 方向に相当するインジヱクタ 2 9の軸線方 は、 水素タンク 2 1の軸線方.向 X— Xに合致している。  The injector 29 has a main valve part 4 1 0, a solenoid part 4 2 0, and a handle part 4 3 0. These 4 1 0, 4 2 0 and 4 3 0 are the hydrogen tank 2 1 Are arranged in the first region 3 0 1 of the valve assembly 30 in order along the axial direction X—X. That is, in this embodiment, the axial direction of the indicator 29 corresponding to the axial direction of the valve body 40 1 matches the axial direction X—X of the hydrogen tank 21.

ハンドル部分 4 3 0には、 環状又は複数の水素ガスの流路 4 5 1が貫通形 成されている。 流路 4 5 1は、 軸線方向 X— Xに延在し、 ハウジング 3 0 0 内の流路 4 5 3に連通している。 流路 4 5 3は、 水素ガスがソレノイド部分 4 2 0の外周を流れるように軸線方向 X— Xに延在しており、 インジェクタ 2 9の二次側の流路 4 5 5に連通している。 流路 4 5 5は、 ハウジング 3 0 0内に形成されており、 供給路 2 2に連通している。 したがって、 貯留空間 1 0 4内の水素ガスは、 インジェクタ 2 9において、 流路 4 5 1、 流路 4 5 3、 噴射孔 4 0 4及ぴ流路 4 5 5を順に流れて、 供給路 2 2に流出する。 本実施形態が第 1実施形態に比べて有用となる点は、 インジェクタ 2 9を 水素タンク 2 1と同軸上に設けていることにより、 インジェクタ 2 9が自己 清浄し易くなることである。 An annular or a plurality of hydrogen gas flow paths 4 51 are formed through the handle portion 4 30. The flow path 45 1 extends in the axial direction X—X and communicates with the flow path 4 5 3 in the housing 3 0 0. The flow path 4 5 3 extends in the axial direction X—X so that hydrogen gas flows on the outer periphery of the solenoid part 4 2 0, and communicates with the flow path 4 5 5 on the secondary side of the injector 2 9. Yes. The flow path 45 5 is formed in the housing 300 and communicates with the supply path 22. Accordingly, the hydrogen gas in the storage space 10 4 flows through the flow path 4 5 1, the flow path 4 5 3, the injection hole 4 0 4 and the flow path 4 5 5 in the injector 2 9 in this order, and the supply path 2 Spill to 2. The advantage of this embodiment compared to the first embodiment is that the injector 29 is provided on the same axis as the hydrogen tank 21 so that the injector 29 can be easily cleaned.

具体的には、 弁体 4 0 1の軸方向の移動時に発生し得る磨耗粉などのコン タミは、 流路 4 5 3を流れる水素ガスと共に流路 4 5 5へと排出され得る。 これにより、 インジェクタ 2 9内のソレノィド部分 4 2 0の周囲にコンタミ を滞留させなくて済み、 インジェクタ 2 9を簡易な構造で自己清浄すること ができる。 このような自己清浄効果は、 プランジャ 4 2 3の外周面又は弁体 4 0 1の外周面がハウジング 3 0 0の内壁に摺動する場合に特に有用となる。 なお、 図 3では、 プランジャ 4 2 3の外周面又は弁体 4 0 1の外周面が摺動 するような態様では表されていない。  Specifically, contamination such as abrasion powder that may be generated when the valve body 40 1 moves in the axial direction can be discharged to the flow path 4 5 5 together with the hydrogen gas flowing through the flow path 4 53. As a result, it is not necessary for contaminants to stay around the solenoid portion 4 20 in the injector 29, and the injector 29 can be self-cleaned with a simple structure. Such a self-cleaning effect is particularly useful when the outer peripheral surface of the plunger 4 2 3 or the outer peripheral surface of the valve body 4 0 1 slides on the inner wall of the housing 3 0 0. Note that FIG. 3 does not show an aspect in which the outer peripheral surface of the plunger 4 2 3 or the outer peripheral surface of the valve body 4 0 1 slides.

本実施形態の変形例として、 ィンジ クタ 2 9の軸線方向が、 水素タンク 2 1の軸線方向 X— Xに合致していなくても良く、 例えば両者が平行であつ てもよい。 この場合も、 上記と同様の作用効果を奏することができる。 また、 バルブアッセンプリ 3 0において、 主止弁 2 6を省略したが、 もちろんイン ジェクタ 2 9の一次側に主止弁 2 6を設けてもよい。  As a modification of the present embodiment, the axial direction of the injector 29 does not have to coincide with the axial direction X—X of the hydrogen tank 21, for example, both may be parallel. Also in this case, the same effect as described above can be achieved. Further, in the valve assembly 30, the main stop valve 26 is omitted, but of course, the main stop valve 26 may be provided on the primary side of the injector 29.

なお、 第 1実施形態及ぴ第 2実施形態で 明したィンジェクタ 2 9は、 二 次側へのガス圧の調整を行えることから、 調圧弁 （減圧弁、 レギユレータ） と解釈することもできる。 産業上の利用可能性  The injector 29 described in the first embodiment and the second embodiment can be interpreted as a pressure regulating valve (a pressure reducing valve, a regulator) because it can adjust the gas pressure to the secondary side. Industrial applicability

以上説明した本発明の燃料電池システム 1は、 二輪または四輪の車両、 電 車、 航空機、 船舶、 ロボットその他の移動体に搭載することができる。 また、 燃料電池システム 1は、 定置用ともすることができ、 コージェネレーション システムに組み込むことができる。 さらに、 インジェクタ 2 9が設けられる タンクは、 水素吸蔵合金用のタンクであってもよいし、 炭化水素系の他の燃 料ガスを貯蔵するものであってもよい。 例えば、 タンクは、 圧縮天然ガスを 例えば 2 O MP aで貯蔵するものであってもよく、 貯蔵する流体が気体であ るか液体であるかなど、 その種類が限定されるものではなレ、。 The fuel cell system 1 of the present invention described above can be mounted on a two-wheel or four-wheel vehicle, an electric vehicle, an aircraft, a ship, a robot, or other mobile objects. Further, the fuel cell system 1 can be used for stationary use and can be incorporated into a cogeneration system. Further, the tank provided with the injector 29 may be a tank for hydrogen storage alloy or other hydrocarbon-based fuel. It may store the gas. For example, the tank may store compressed natural gas, for example, at 2 O MPa, and the type of the stored fluid is not limited, such as whether it is a gas or a liquid. .

Claims

請求の範囲 The scope of the claims 1 . 二次側への流体の流量を調整可能に構成されたバルブであって、 二次側がタンク内からの流体の放出側となるように当該タンクに設けられ、 当該タンク内からの流体の放出流量をデューティ制御により調整可能に構成 されたバルブ。 1. A valve configured to be able to adjust the flow rate of fluid to the secondary side. The valve is provided in the tank so that the secondary side is the fluid discharge side from the tank, and the flow of fluid from the tank Valve configured to adjust the discharge flow rate by duty control. 2 . 前記放出流量をデューティ制御により調整する流量調整機構を有し、 前記流量調整機構は、 前記タンク内からの流体の放出を遮断可能に構成さ れている、 請求項 1に記載のパルプ。  2. The pulp according to claim 1, further comprising a flow rate adjustment mechanism that adjusts the discharge flow rate by duty control, wherein the flow rate adjustment mechanism is configured to be capable of blocking the release of fluid from the tank. 3 . 前記流量調整機構は、 弁体と、 当該弁体に離接される弁座と、 当該弁 体を当該弁座に対して離接方向に移動させるソレノイドと、 を備える、 請求 項 2に記載のバルブ。 3. The flow rate adjusting mechanism includes: a valve body; a valve seat that is separated from and in contact with the valve body; and a solenoid that moves the valve body in a separation and contact direction with respect to the valve seat. The valve described. 4 . 前記弁座は、 中心に開口を有し、  4. The valve seat has an opening in the center, 前記開口の面積は、 前記弁体の位置によって可変される、 請求項 3に記載 のバルブ。  The valve according to claim 3, wherein an area of the opening is variable depending on a position of the valve body. 5 . 前記デューティ制御は、 前記ソレノイ ドに給電されるパルス状励磁電 流のデューティ比を変化することにより行われる、 請求項 3に記載のパルプ。 5. The pulp according to claim 3, wherein the duty control is performed by changing a duty ratio of a pulsed excitation current fed to the solenoid. 6 . 前記流量調整機構は、 当該弁体が前記弁座に当接する方向に前記タン ク内の圧力が当該弁体に作用するように、 構成されている、 請求項 3に記載 のノ ノレブ。 6. The nonreb according to claim 3, wherein the flow rate adjusting mechanism is configured such that the pressure in the tank acts on the valve body in a direction in which the valve body abuts on the valve seat. 7 . 当該バルブの軸線と前記タンクの軸線とは、 略平行である又は合致す る、 請求項 1ないし 6のいずれか一項に記載のバルブ。  7. The valve according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the axis of the valve and the axis of the tank are substantially parallel or coincident with each other. 8 . 当該バルブは、 前記タンクのボディよりも外側に位置し、  8. The valve is located outside the tank body, 当該バルブの軸線と前記タンクの軸線とは、 略直交する、 請求項 1ないし 6のいずれか一項に記載のバルブ。  The valve according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein an axis of the valve and an axis of the tank are substantially orthogonal to each other. 9 . 前記タンクには、 当該バルブとは別体の主止弁が設けられ、 前記主止弁は、 当該バルブの一次側に位置している、 請求項 1ないし 8の いずれか一項に記載のパルプ。 9. The tank is provided with a main stop valve separate from the valve, The pulp according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the main stop valve is located on a primary side of the valve. 1 0 . 前記主止弁は、 前記タンクの内側に位置する、 請求項 9に記載のパ ルブ。  10. The valve according to claim 9, wherein the main stop valve is located inside the tank. 1 1 . 請求項 1ないし 1 0のいずれか一項に記載のバルブをデューティ制 御する、 パルプ制御装置。  1 1. A pulp control device for duty-controlling the valve according to any one of claims 1 to 10. 1 2 . 請求項 1ないし 1 0のいずれか一項に記載のバルブ及ぴ前記タンク と、  1 2. The valve and the tank according to claim 1, and 酸化ガス及び燃料ガスが供給される燃料電池と、 を備えた燃料電池システ ムであって、  A fuel cell system comprising: a fuel cell to which an oxidizing gas and a fuel gas are supplied, 前記タンク内の前記流体は、 燃料ガスである、 燃料電池システム。  The fuel cell system, wherein the fluid in the tank is fuel gas. 1 3 . 請求項 1に記載のバルブと、  1 3. The valve according to claim 1; 燃料ガスを貯留したタンクと、  A tank storing fuel gas, 前記タンクから燃料ガスが供給される燃科電池と、 '  A fuel cell to which fuel gas is supplied from the tank; 前記バルブの一次側に位置するように前記タンクに設けられた主止弁と、 を備えた燃料電池システムであって、  A main stop valve provided in the tank so as to be located on the primary side of the valve, and a fuel cell system comprising: 前記主止弁は、 当該燃料電池システムの停止時に、 閉弁される、 燃料電池 システム。  The main stop valve is closed when the fuel cell system is stopped.
PCT/JP2007/052438 2006-03-06 2007-02-06 Valve, valve controller and fuel cell system Ceased WO2007102297A1 (en)

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