WO2007147624A1 - Dam - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a dam (5) and construction elements (10, 110) for building the dam. Said dam (5) is constructed by means of a plurality of interlocked construction elements (10, 110). Said elements (10, 110) comprise an outer wall (20, 120) and an inner cavity (30, 130) which is surrounded by the outer wall (20, 120). The cavity (30, 130) can be filled with materials as required, The axial end regions of the outer wall (20, 120) are each provided with at least two recesses (25; 25'; 25'; 50) for respectively receiving at least one other construction element (10, 110).

Description

 Title: dam

Applicant: First Vandalia Luxembourg Holding S.A.

Our sign: 90568WO

description

The invention relates to a dam of a plurality of modular dam construction elements.

State of the art

Dams for reservoirs and reservoirs have been known for a long time. Dams were originally made of earth or glue. In the last century, dams made of concrete and steel were increasingly built, which is much more stable and thus allows the construction of higher dam walls.

However, dams have the disadvantage that they are very rigid. In particular, in areas with earthquakes, the foundations of the dams must be constructed so that the dam does not collapse or become brittle during the earthquake. For example, the US Geological Survey Fact Sheet 096-95 [downloaded June 5, 2006 from http://quake.wr.usgs.gov/prepare/factsheets/LADamStory/] describes the almost fatal collapse of the Lo who San Fernando Dam during an earthquake in 1971.

Similar problems are known at dikes. Dikes are often weakened during a storm and can break in. In 2005, some dams in New Orleans were damaged by Hurricane Katherina, causing water from the river to flow into the lower-lying areas (see BBC News "Storno overcomes New Orleans Levee", September 23, 2005 - downloaded on June 5, 2006) http://news.bbc.co.uk/go/pr/fr/-/2/hi/americas/4276028.stm).

The collapse of dikes is also a topic in Germany. As you know, some dikes broke around Hamburg on the night of 16.-17. February due to the hurricane "Vinci- nett" together [see the big storm surge in Hamburg http://vvwwl.ndr.de/ndrjages_std/0.2570, OID1852680_REF1476_SPC1851658,00.html- downloaded on June 5, 2006].

Such problems are known to the person skilled in the art. For example, Japanese Patent Application No. JP-A-2000110149 discloses a concrete form that could be used as a dike wall.

However, the known solutions have the disadvantage that they are very rigid and thus have no flexibility. In addition, water can flow over the dike and into the lower areas on the other side of the dike.

It is therefore an object of this invention to develop a more stable dam.

These and other objects of the invention are achieved by toothed components comprising an outer wall and an inner cavity surrounded by the outer wall. The connecting element known from German Patent Application No. 10 2004 030 815 is used, wherein the inner cavity can be filled with porous materials.

Components with an outer wall and an inner cavity are known. For example, US Patent Application No. US 2006/0059838 (Pimental) discloses a hollow building block that can be filled with a filler material. According to the description of this patent application, the building blocks can be used for a building, for a floor or for signs.

Korean Patent Application No. KR-B-100460284 discloses building blocks for stabilizing a river bank. The building blocks have a cavity in their middle, which is filled with sand or earth. The bottom of the cavity is made of porous concrete. The illustrated modules are connected to each other by means of connecting pins. However, the building blocks disclosed in this patent application are not suitable for being stacked on top of each other. The toothed components of the invention allow a quick and inexpensive construction of a dam. Due to the toothing of the individual toothed components, the construction of, for example, a very stable dam is possible.

The components have an outer wall and an inner cavity which is surrounded by the outer wall. The outer wall has at axial end portions at least two recesses for receiving at least one other component. By this way, the recess arrangement, a structure is possible, which extends in both the vertical and in the horizontal direction and is simultaneously toothed both in the vertical and in the horizontal direction.

The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.

Show it

Fig. 1a is a schematic sectional view of a dam construction according to the invention;

Fig. Ib is a schematic sectional view of components;

Fig. Ic is a schematic sectional view of alternative components;

Fig. Id is a schematic perspective view of a component; Figure 2 is an outer wall of various assembled components.

3 shows a cavity with material layers;

4 an inner cell;

Fig. 5 shows the connection of individual dam components.

Fig. Ia shows a dam 5 according to the invention in a cross-sectional view transverse to the dam 5. The dam 5 is constructed of a plurality of dam construction elements 10, which are juxtaposed and / or one another. The dam construction elements 10 have an outer wall 20 with an inner cavity 30, which can be seen more clearly in FIG. The dam 5 can be used, inter alia, as a dyke on a river bank or as a dam wall in a water reservoir. The hatched areas 21 represent toothed regions of the dam building elements 10. FIG. 1b shows a section of the dam 5 in a sectional view horizontal to the dam 5. As can be seen from FIGS. 1a and 1b, the dam building elements 10 are substantially square. However, the dam construction elements in be formed of any desired cross-sectional shape. For example, FIG. 1 c shows a sectional view of thumb members 110 horizontal to the dam components 110, which are essentially circular. It is understood that the dam construction elements 110 of FIG. 1c also have an outer wall 120, an inner cavity 130 and toothed regions 121 and can be connected by means of toothings.

Preferably, the outer walls 20 and 120 of the components, which are in the present embodiment dam modules 10, at its two axial end portions each have at least two recesses for receiving at least one other component. The recesses are shown in Fig. Id and explained below. From the arrangement and positioning of the recesses and the joining of several components by means of these recesses results in a Gesamtbaukörper extending in the vertical and horizontal directions. It is understood that this results in a toothing in both the horizontal and in the vertical direction, which is advantageous for the stability or the static and dynamics of the overall structure.

1 d shows a perspective view of an exemplary (dam) component 10 of FIGS. 1 a, 1 b with recesses 50. At least two recesses 50 are respectively arranged on the two axial end regions of the respective dam component 10.

The dam component 10 of FIG. Id has in each case three recesses 50 at the axial end regions. The positioning of the recesses 50 can be selected as required in the circumferential direction. Also, the dimensions of the recesses 50 can be selected as required. Thus, for example, the area provided with the reference numeral 51 is suitable for receiving two outer walls, whereas the area provided with the reference numeral 52 is suitable for receiving only one outer wall.

The invention can also be used, for example, for draining land or for building a structure in open water. Furthermore, the invention can be used in land reclamation, drilling rig construction, harbor construction, sewer construction, landscaping, and hydraulic engineering. The components are prefabricated from individual parts, which are interlocked by design-related recesses. The components represent system components. According to the application (Dam construction, land reclamation, drilling rig construction, sewer construction, landscaping, hydraulic engineering, etc.) these system components are put together. This creates an overall structure that can be adapted to specific functions that are dependent on the application. The loads (for example, water, wind loads, etc.) can be absorbed by the overall structure, distributed to this and thus compensated. Due to the plug-in design, it is possible, the individual system components that are prefabricated and have optimal Verbau- and delivery size, uncomplicated, that is lightweight, easy and quick to install, to build a total building together. This is possible without major expenses on site. Compared to conventional methods, this is an enormous cost savings.

On one side (the water side) of the dam 5 is water 7 and on the other side (the land side) of the dam 5 is usually dry land 8. A seal 9 is usually located between the water side and the land side. This seal 9 prevents the flow of water 7 from the water side to the land side. Although this seal 9 is shown as a kind of foundation in Fig. 1, but the seal 9 can also be formed as part of the soil.

Fig. 2. shows the structure of an outer wall 20 which is constructed of a plurality of components 22. The components 22 are held together by means of connecting elements 40 and have one or more recesses 25. The structure of the connecting members 40 and the functions of the recesses 25 will be described later. The components 22 are produced in one embodiment of the invention from a previously produced stone-like material, which was obtained predominantly from secondary raw materials. A manufacturing method for producing the stone-like or ceramic material is described in International Patent Application No. PCT / AT06 / 000115. Other materials may be used, e.g. Concrete or plastic. The material known from international patent application no. PCT / AT06 / 000115 has the advantage that it has a certain elasticity and thus withstands storm, wind or water forces better than conventional materials.

The recesses 25 in one component 22 serve to receive recesses 25 from another component 22. As a result, the outer wall 20 can be constructed of a plurality of layers of stacked components 22 "toothed." The respective recesses 25 are thus interlocked and thus give the structure of the outer wall 20 a great stability.

The toothing of the components 22 is shown better in FIG. 3. An upper component 22 'is placed on a lower component 22 "and received in the recess 25". FIG. 3 also shows that the cavity 30 is filled with various layers of materials 42, 44, 46 and 48. Preferably, four different layers 52, 54, 56 and 58 are used. However, the cavity can be filled with several or fewer layers. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 3, the uppermost layer 52 is made of sand or gravel, the following layer 54 of peat or soil, the next layer 56 of sand and the bottom layer 58 of soil. The filling of the cavity 30 gives the dam 10 a higher stability.

Depending on the filling material in combination with the arrangement of the different layers, the overall structure can be given different properties, that is, this overall structure can be adapted to different requirements as needed. For example, it is thus possible to specifically improve the statics and dynamics, or to control the water storage capacity and the seal against water, pollutants, etc., to name only a few adaptation measures. The internal cell construction may be formed, for example, with fillers (e.g., soil), stabilizers (e.g., gravel, peat), sealants (e.g., clays), and filter materials (e.g., gravel, sand, peat). Thus, for example, the forces acting on the overall structure (e.g., a dam) can be regulated to withstand the greatest stresses.

Rainwater or water upon flooding of the dam 5 can leak through the layers of material 52, 54, 56 and 58 and is then absorbed by the ground into the groundwater. The presence of the above-mentioned seal substantially prevents the leakage of the leaked water on the land side. The layers of material 52, 54, 56 and 58 also have the advantage of cleaning the leaked water by a filtering effect. The material layer 52 may include soil and peat layers that store water, regulate the water level in the structure and / or partially outside of the structure - depending on the given requirement.

The material layer 54 may include soil and peat layers that store water, regulate the water level, and selectively communicate the necessary amounts of water to the stabilization building system.

The material layer 56 may comprise clay, clay-like materials and / or silicate, organic and / or inorganic materials. This material layer 56 enables a permanent, substantially crack-free sealing of the structure. Preferably, the silicate, organic and / or inorganic materials can already be mixed incorporated into the building. With the addition of water, which can be done naturally and / or performed by people, it comes to the swelling of the respective materials and thus targeted and permanent sealing. This leads to stability and

Functionality of the structure; the seal may act against water, pollutants, oil or other substances or gases. The seal is space-filling, it adapts to the respective geometric conditions of the structure or the (dam) component, without leaving any cracks or other cavities. This also applies to heavy loads, such as high pressure.

The material layers 52 and 56 may further comprise gravel patches and sand layers for stabilizing and purifying the water. Through a layer of material 52 or 56 with sand storage a further static or dynamic improvement of the structure is achieved. The inflow and outflow of water can be regulated in and through the structure. This is ensured by the use of appropriate fillings, which act for example as flow, filter and / or Abdichtmaterialen.

FIG. 3 likewise shows an inner cell wall 35 of an inner cell 38. The inner cells 38 are shown in more detail in FIG. 4. The inner cells 38 are formed by a plurality of inner cell walls 35, which are arranged like a cross, as can be seen from FIG. 4. The inner cell walls 35 are made of the same materials as the components 22. The inner cell walls 35 are in the cavity 30 on the outer wall 20 a set and divide the cavity 30 into a plurality of small inner cells 38. The inner cells 38 have the advantage that the flushing away of at least the uppermost layer of material 52 during the flooding of the dam 5 is prevented.

The interconnection of the individual components 22 according to an embodiment of the invention will now be described with reference to FIG. 5. The connection element known from German Patent Application No. 10 2004 030 815 is used. Fig. 5 shows two components 22a and 22b, each having a bore 24a, 24b. In the two holes 22a and 22b dowels 60a and 60b are used. Thereafter, a sleeve 62 is inserted into one of the dowels 60a and 60b. In the other dowel 60b and 60a, an armature 64 is used. A first end of a pin 64 is inserted into the sleeve 62, and after being brought into engagement, the second end of the pin 64 is inserted into the anchor. Thus, the two components 22a and 22b are firmly held together. Dismantling the two components 22a and 22b is not possible without destroying the pin 64 or the pins 64.

The "open" surface of the dam 5 allows a greening of the dam 5, which enhances the visual appeal of the dam 5.

It is understood that for reasons of clarity in the figures described above, the reference numerals are merely exemplified. Furthermore, it is understood that the comments on the dam components, mutatis mutandis, apply to corresponding components of other uses (such as land reclamation, drilling rig construction, sewer construction, landscaping, hydraulic engineering, etc.).

Claims

Title: BausystemAnmelder: First Vandalia Luxembourg Holding SAUnser Zeichen: 90568WOAnsprüche A dam (5) of a plurality of dam members (10; 110) interlocked with each other, the dam member (10; 110) having an outer wall (20; 120) and an inner cavity (30; Surrounding outer wall (20; 120) is surrounded. A dam (5) according to claim 1, wherein the internal cavity (30; 130) is filled with porous materials. 3. dam (5) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least two of the dam construction elements (10; 110) by means of a fastening device (40) are interconnected. The dam (5) of any one of claims 2 or 3, wherein the internal cavity (30; 130) comprises one or more layers (52,54,56) of porous materials. 5. dam (5) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the inner cavity (30) has at least one support wall (35). 6. dam (5) according to claim 5, wherein the support wall (35) forms one or more cells. 7. dam (5) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the outer wall (20; 120) has at least one recess (25). 8. dam (5) according to claim 7, wherein the recess (25 ') of a first dam construction element (10') into the recess (25 ") of a second dam construction element (10") in fits. 9. dam (5) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the outer wall (20) is made of a ceramic material. 10. dam (5) according to any one of claims 3 to 9, wherein the fastening device (40) has a pin and an armature. 11. dam (5) according to any one of the preceding claims with a bottom seal (9) between a land side (8) and a water side (7). 12. A method for building a dam (5) with the following steps: a first step of providing at least a first dam construction element (10; 110) and a second dam construction element (10; 110); a second step for the toothing of the first dam construction element (10, 110) with the second dam construction element (10, 110); and - a third step of filling an inner cavity (30; 130) of the first dam member (10; 110) and the inner cavity (30; 130) of the second dam member (10; 110) with porous materials. The method of claim 12, wherein the third step comprises laminating the interior cavity (30) of the first dam assembly (10; 110) and the interior cavity (30; 130) of the second dam assembly (10; 110). 14. The method according to any one of claims 12 or 13, wherein the method another Step to seal a floor. 15. A method according to any one of claims 12 to 14 including a step of attaching the first dam member (10; 110) to a third dam member (10; 110). 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the attaching step comprises the steps of: a step of drilling a hole in an outer wall (20; 120) of the first one Dam member (10; 110) and a hole in an outer wall of the second dam member (10; 110); a step of inserting an anchor into the hole of the first dam member (10; 110); - A step for fixing a dowel (60 a, 60 b) in the hole of the second Dam construction element (10; 110); and - a step of bringing together the first dam construction element (10; 110 with the second dam construction element (10; 110), wherein an end of the dowel (60a, 60b) is inserted into the hole of the first dam construction element (10; 110) and received by the anchor becomes. 17. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 15 for the protection of the flooding of an area. 18. Component (10, 110) with an outer wall (20, 120) and an inner cavity (30; 130), which is surrounded by the outer wall (20; 120), wherein the outer wall (20; 120) at axial end regions in each case at least two recesses (25; 25 '; 25 "; 50) for receiving in each case at least one another component (10, 110).