WO2007034121A1 - Assembling method and assembling an aluminum component and a magnesium component by depositing a molten metal compound having a melting point lower than 650°c - Google Patents
Assembling method and assembling an aluminum component and a magnesium component by depositing a molten metal compound having a melting point lower than 650°c Download PDFInfo
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- WO2007034121A1 WO2007034121A1 PCT/FR2006/050920 FR2006050920W WO2007034121A1 WO 2007034121 A1 WO2007034121 A1 WO 2007034121A1 FR 2006050920 W FR2006050920 W FR 2006050920W WO 2007034121 A1 WO2007034121 A1 WO 2007034121A1
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- Prior art keywords
- magnesium
- metal
- aluminum
- metal compound
- parts
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/005—Soldering by means of radiant energy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/19—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering taking account of the properties of the materials to be soldered
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/15—Magnesium or alloys thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
- B23K35/282—Zn as the principal constituent
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the general field of assembling metal parts, in particular the assembly of aluminum parts and magnesium parts.
- the invention relates to a method of assembling two parts, the first part of which comprises at least 85% aluminum and the second part of which comprises at least 80% magnesium.
- the magnesium parts are assembled to aluminum parts by a mechanical assembly, for example by screwing.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a method free from at least one of these limitations.
- the method of the invention is essentially characterized in that the two pieces are assembled using a metal compound having a temperature melting less than 65O 0 C, which is deposited in a molten state.
- the method of the invention has the advantage of reducing the reactivity of magnesium by working at a temperature below its melting temperature. The formation of intermetallics, especially on the magnesium side, is therefore limited. Thus, the magnesium-aluminum bond obtained by this process is sufficiently resistant to envisage an industrial application of the assembly obtained.
- the invention also has the advantage of providing a quick process in manufacturing cycle time.
- the invention also relates to an assembly of two parts of which the first part comprises at least 85% aluminum and the second part comprises at least 80% magnesium, characterized in that the two parts are joined by a solder.
- Figure 1 shows the implementation of the method of the invention according to a particular embodiment.
- the invention relates to a method for assembling two parts 1, 2. These two parts are preferably made of alloys.
- the first part 1 comprises at least 85% aluminum, preferably at least 90% aluminum, and most preferably at least 95% aluminum. This first piece is also called "aluminum piece”.
- This first piece 1 can be any aluminum alloy.
- it may comprise, in addition to aluminum, up to 5% magnesium, up to 2% manganese and / or up to 2% silicon.
- an aluminum sheet conventionally used in the automotive field, consisting of 97% aluminum,
- the second part 2 comprises at least 80% magnesium, preferably at least 85% magnesium, and most preferably at least 90% magnesium. This second piece is also called a "magnesium coin”.
- This second piece 2 can be any magnesium alloy.
- it may comprise, in addition to magnesium, up to 15% aluminum, up to 5% zinc and / or up to 3% manganese.
- magnesium alloy AZ91 which consists of 90% magnesium, 9% aluminum and 1% zinc.
- the two parts 1, 2 are assembled using a metal compound having a melting temperature below 65O 0 C, which is deposited in a molten state 6.
- the invention consists in implementing brazing between an aluminum part and a magnesium part.
- Soldering is understood to mean the operation of assembling metal parts using a metal or a filler alloy in the liquid state.
- solder is included in the term solder-brazing.
- the use of a metal compound having a melting temperature of less than 65 ° C., which is less than the melting temperature of aluminum (660.4 ° C.) and especially magnesium (65 ° C.), makes it possible to limit the reactivity of magnesium and thus the formation of intermetallic compounds which generally weaken the bonds between metals.
- the metal compound preferably has a melting point greater than 200 ° C.
- intermetallic compounds are meant stoichiometric compounds formed from at least two metals. These compounds have the particularity of having a molecular structure very close to a crystalline structure. Therefore, their presence at a bond between two metals weakens this bond. This embrittlement is characterized by a decrease in the breaking strength of the assembly obtained by the process of the invention.
- the two pieces are placed at least locally in contact with one another, thus creating a zone 3 of proximity in which the two pieces 1, 2 are assembled.
- the parts 1, 2 are arranged in an angular geometric configuration, which can be compared to a weld configuration.
- the metal compound is, in Figure 1, in the form of a wire 4 of filler metal.
- the wire 4 is approached from the proximity zone 3 and is melted using a laser 5 and / or an electric arc.
- the metal compound is thus deposited in the molten state in the zone 3 of proximity, so as to form a bead 7 of solder.
- the mechanical strength of the solder is a function of the strength of the filler metal.
- the laser constitutes a heat source precisely dosed. It is capable of providing a thermal gradient by superficial photonic bombardment.
- the laser provides adequate heat to melt the metal compound of the wire 4 and a minimum thickness of the aluminum of room 1 and especially the magnesium of room 2.
- At least one rare earth is deposited prior to or simultaneously with the deposition of the metal compound.
- Rare earth means scandium, yttrium and the chemical elements of the lanthanide family, such as cerium.
- a mixture of rare earths can be deposited. These elements are used for their high atomic radius. They play a major diffusion barrier role between the metal compound and magnesium, to limit the thickness of intermetallics to a very thin magnesium side layer and to harden the solder. In addition, they serve as stripping surfaces of aluminum and magnesium parts in the vicinity area, and improve wetting. They also act as a thermal barrier.
- the metal halide includes a fluorine F " anion, Cl " chlorine, bromine Br “ or iodine I " and a cation of a metal such as lithium or chromium, for example.
- F fluorine F
- anion, Cl chlorine, bromine Br
- iodine I a metal such as lithium or chromium, for example.
- a mixture of metal halides can be deposited.
- the metal halide provides a main function of stripper. It consumes the oxide layer that can form on the surface of aluminum and magnesium parts in the proximity zone. Thus, the surfaces are cleaned and prepared for binding by the metal compound.
- the metal halide deposit also facilitates wetting during the deposition of the compound metal, especially at low temperatures.
- the use of such a metal halide is advantageous in that it has a low melting point.
- each rare earth and / or metal halide are deposited in a powder form.
- the rare earth or rare earth mixture is preferably deposited prior to deposition of the metal compound and in a powder form, and is preferably heated together with the metal compound.
- the metal halide or the mixture of metal halides may be deposited prior to deposition of the metal compound and in a powder form.
- the metal halide powder (s) and the rare earth powder (s) can be deposited together or separately, simultaneously or successively.
- the metal halide or the mixture of metal halides can also be deposited simultaneously with the metal compound, and in this case preferably in a sheath form around the metal filler wire 4 made of the metal compound.
- the metal compound is an alloy comprising at least one metal having a melting point of between 400 ° C. and 65 ° C. and at least one metal having a melting point of less than 400 ° C.
- such a metal compound is chosen so that it has a final melting point of between 200 ° C. and 55 ° C.
- the deposition of at least one rare earth is particularly advantageous. Indeed, the mechanical strength of the solder is a function of the strength of the metal compound provided. This resistance is even lower than the melting point of this metal compound is low. The rare earth, as a diffusion barrier, compensates for this effect.
- Zinc has a melting temperature of 42O 0 C and is miscible with aluminum and magnesium.
- Zinc can be replaced by an aluminum / silicon alloy, for example 10% silicon.
- each metal having a melting point of less than 400 ° C. is chosen in particular from gallium, bismuth, lithium, cesium, tin, and antimony by way of example.
- the advantage of adding a melting metal at a temperature still lower than the metal having a melting temperature between 400 0 C and 65O 0 C is to improve the brazing by reducing the reactivity of magnesium, which increases with temperature.
- This metal with a melting temperature of less than 400 ° C. is miscible in high proportion, preferably more than 25%, with aluminum and magnesium.
- the implementation of the process according to the invention makes it possible to obtain an assembly whose tensile strength is greater than 80% of that of the initial magnesium alloy.
- the first and second parts are each, independently of one another, in the form of a sheet, a casting or a tube.
- the present invention more particularly relates to the assembly of a magnesium casting part with an aluminum part, which is either an extruded profile or a stamped sheet. The two pieces are then assembled either in an end-to-end welding configuration or in a clinching welding configuration.
- the present invention also relates to an assembly of two parts, the first part comprises at least 85% aluminum and the second part comprises at least 85% magnesium. These two pieces are joined by a solder.
- Such an assembly obtainable by the method according to the invention, is intended to be used in particular in the automotive field, more particularly for the purpose of lightening the bodies.
- the invention is particularly interested in assembling extruded aluminum tubes to a magnesium casting.
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
PROCEDE D ' ASSEMBLAGE ET ASSEMBLAGE D ' UNE PIECE EN ALUMINIUM ET D ' UNE PIECE ENMETHOD FOR ASSEMBLING AND ASSEMBLING AN ALUMINUM PART AND A WORKPIECE
MAGNESIUM EN DEPOSANT A L ' ETAT FONDU UN COMPOSE METALLIQUE AYANT UNEMAGNESIUM DEPOSING IN THE MELTED CONDITION A METAL COMPOUND HAVING A
TEMPERATURE DE FUSION INFERIEURE A 6500 CFUSION TEMPERATURE LESS THAN 6500 C
La présente invention concerne le domaine général de l'assemblage de pièces métalliques, en particulier de 5 l'assemblage de pièces en aluminium et de pièces en magnésium.The present invention relates to the general field of assembling metal parts, in particular the assembly of aluminum parts and magnesium parts.
Plus précisément, l'invention concerne un procédé d'assemblage de deux pièces dont la première pièce comprend au moins 85% d'aluminium et dont la deuxième pièce comprend 10 au moins 80% de magnésium.More specifically, the invention relates to a method of assembling two parts, the first part of which comprises at least 85% aluminum and the second part of which comprises at least 80% magnesium.
Actuellement, les pièces en magnésium sont assemblées à des pièces en aluminium par un assemblage mécanique, par exemple par vissage.Currently, the magnesium parts are assembled to aluminum parts by a mechanical assembly, for example by screwing.
Cependant, afin d'obtenir une liaison continue et 15 plus résistante entre les pièces et un temps de fabrication plus court, on cherche à assembler une pièce en aluminium et une pièce en magnésium par soudage.However, in order to obtain a continuous and more resistant connection between the parts and a shorter manufacturing time, it is desired to assemble an aluminum part and a magnesium part by welding.
Or, le soudage entre aluminium et magnésium ne donne pas de résultat satisfaisant du fait de la non miscibilité 20 de ces deux métaux. Le soudage entre aluminium et magnésium entraîne la formation de composés intermétalliques qui fragilisent de manière trop importante la liaison entre deux pièces respectivement en aluminium et en magnésium.However, the welding between aluminum and magnesium does not give a satisfactory result due to the immiscibility of these two metals. Welding between aluminum and magnesium causes the formation of intermetallic compounds which weaken too much the bond between two parts respectively aluminum and magnesium.
Dans ce contexte, la présente invention a pour but 25 de proposer un procédé exempt de l'une au moins de ces limitations .In this context, the object of the present invention is to provide a method free from at least one of these limitations.
A cette fin, le procédé de l'invention, par ailleurs conforme à la définition générique qu'en donne le préambule ci-dessus, est essentiellement caractérisé en ce que l'on 30 assemble les deux pièces en utilisant un composé métallique ayant une température de fusion inférieure à 65O0C, que l'on dépose dans un état fondu. Le procédé de l'invention présente l'avantage de diminuer la réactivité du magnésium en travaillant à une température inférieure à sa température de fusion. La formation d' intermétalliques, en particulier du côté du magnésium, est donc limitée. Ainsi, la liaison magnésium- aluminium obtenue par ce procédé est suffisamment résistante pour envisager une application industrielle de l'assemblage obtenu.To this end, the method of the invention, moreover in accordance with the generic definition given in the preamble above, is essentially characterized in that the two pieces are assembled using a metal compound having a temperature melting less than 65O 0 C, which is deposited in a molten state. The method of the invention has the advantage of reducing the reactivity of magnesium by working at a temperature below its melting temperature. The formation of intermetallics, especially on the magnesium side, is therefore limited. Thus, the magnesium-aluminum bond obtained by this process is sufficiently resistant to envisage an industrial application of the assembly obtained.
L'invention présente en outre l'avantage de proposer un procédé rapide en temps de cycle de fabrication.The invention also has the advantage of providing a quick process in manufacturing cycle time.
L'invention concerne également un assemblage de deux pièces dont la première pièce comprend au moins 85% d'aluminium et dont la deuxième pièce comprend au moins 80% de magnésium, caractérisé en ce que les deux pièces sont assemblées par une brasure.The invention also relates to an assembly of two parts of which the first part comprises at least 85% aluminum and the second part comprises at least 80% magnesium, characterized in that the two parts are joined by a solder.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront clairement de la description qui en est faite ci-après, à titre indicatif et nullement limitatif, en référence au dessin annexé. La figure 1 représente la mise en œuvre du procédé de l'invention selon un mode particulier de réalisation.Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description which is given below, for information only and in no way limitative, with reference to the accompanying drawing. Figure 1 shows the implementation of the method of the invention according to a particular embodiment.
L'invention concerne un procédé d'assemblage de deux pièces 1, 2. Ces deux pièces sont de préférence constituées d' alliages . La première pièce 1 comprend au moins 85% d'aluminium, de préférence au moins 90% d'aluminium, et tout préférentiellement au moins 95% d'aluminium. On appelle aussi cette première pièce « pièce en aluminium ».The invention relates to a method for assembling two parts 1, 2. These two parts are preferably made of alloys. The first part 1 comprises at least 85% aluminum, preferably at least 90% aluminum, and most preferably at least 95% aluminum. This first piece is also called "aluminum piece".
Cette première pièce 1 peut être tout alliage d'aluminium. Par exemple, elle peut comprendre, en plus de l'aluminium, jusqu'à 5% de magnésium, jusqu'à 2% de manganèse et/ou jusqu'à 2% de silicium. En particulier, on peut utiliser une tôle d'aluminium, classiquement utilisée dans le domaine automobile, constituée de 97% d'aluminium,This first piece 1 can be any aluminum alloy. For example, it may comprise, in addition to aluminum, up to 5% magnesium, up to 2% manganese and / or up to 2% silicon. In particular, it is possible to use an aluminum sheet, conventionally used in the automotive field, consisting of 97% aluminum,
2% de magnésium et 1% de silicium.2% magnesium and 1% silicon.
La deuxième pièce 2 comprend au moins 80% de magnésium, de préférence au moins 85% de magnésium, et tout préférentiellement au moins 90% de magnésium. On appelle aussi cette deuxième pièce « pièce en magnésium ».The second part 2 comprises at least 80% magnesium, preferably at least 85% magnesium, and most preferably at least 90% magnesium. This second piece is also called a "magnesium coin".
Cette deuxième pièce 2 peut être tout alliage de magnésium. Par exemple, elle peut comprendre, en plus du magnésium, jusqu'à 15% d'aluminium, jusqu'à 5% de zinc et/ou jusqu'à 3% de manganèse. En particulier, on peut utiliser l'alliage magnésium AZ91, qui est constitué de 90% de magnésium, 9% d'aluminium et 1% de zinc.This second piece 2 can be any magnesium alloy. For example, it may comprise, in addition to magnesium, up to 15% aluminum, up to 5% zinc and / or up to 3% manganese. In particular, it is possible to use magnesium alloy AZ91, which consists of 90% magnesium, 9% aluminum and 1% zinc.
Selon le procédé de l'invention, on assemble les deux pièces 1, 2 en utilisant un composé métallique ayant une température de fusion inférieure à 65O0C, que l'on dépose dans un état fondu 6.According to the process of the invention, the two parts 1, 2 are assembled using a metal compound having a melting temperature below 65O 0 C, which is deposited in a molten state 6.
L'invention consiste à mettre en œuvre un brasage entre une pièce en aluminium et une pièce en magnésium. On entend par brasage l'opération qui consiste à assembler des pièces métalliques à l'aide d'un métal ou d'un alliage d'apport à l'état liquide. On inclut dans le terme brasage le terme soudo-brasage .The invention consists in implementing brazing between an aluminum part and a magnesium part. Soldering is understood to mean the operation of assembling metal parts using a metal or a filler alloy in the liquid state. The term solder is included in the term solder-brazing.
L'utilisation d'un composé métallique ayant une température de fusion inférieure à 65O0C, soit inférieure à la température de fusion de l'aluminium (660,40C) et surtout du magnésium (65O0C), permet de limiter la réactivité du magnésium et ainsi la formation de composés intermétalliques qui fragilisent de manière générale les liaisons entre métaux. Plus la température de fusion du composé métallique est basse, plus la brasure obtenue est molle. Afin d'obtenir une brasure relativement dure, le composé métallique a de préférence une température de fusion supérieure à 2000C.The use of a metal compound having a melting temperature of less than 65 ° C., which is less than the melting temperature of aluminum (660.4 ° C.) and especially magnesium (65 ° C.), makes it possible to limit the reactivity of magnesium and thus the formation of intermetallic compounds which generally weaken the bonds between metals. The lower the melting temperature of the metal compound, the softer the solder obtained. In order to obtain a relatively hard solder, the metal compound preferably has a melting point greater than 200 ° C.
On entend par composés intermétalliques les composés stoechiométriques se formant à partir d' au moins deux métaux. Ces composés ont la particularité de posséder une structure moléculaire très proche d'une structure cristalline. Par conséquent, leur présence au niveau d'une liaison entre deux métaux fragilise cette liaison. Cette fragilisation se caractérise par une diminution de la résistance à la rupture de l'assemblage obtenu par le procédé de l'invention.By intermetallic compounds are meant stoichiometric compounds formed from at least two metals. These compounds have the particularity of having a molecular structure very close to a crystalline structure. Therefore, their presence at a bond between two metals weakens this bond. This embrittlement is characterized by a decrease in the breaking strength of the assembly obtained by the process of the invention.
On place les deux pièces au moins localement en contact l'une de l'autre créant ainsi une zone 3 de proximité dans laquelle on assemble les deux pièces 1, 2.The two pieces are placed at least locally in contact with one another, thus creating a zone 3 of proximity in which the two pieces 1, 2 are assembled.
Sur la figure 1, les pièces 1, 2 sont disposées suivant une configuration géométrique en angle, que l'on peut comparer à une configuration de soudure à clin.In Figure 1, the parts 1, 2 are arranged in an angular geometric configuration, which can be compared to a weld configuration.
Le composé métallique est, sur la figure 1, sous la forme d'un fil 4 de métal d'apport. Le fil 4 est approché de la zone 3 de proximité et est fondu à l'aide d'un laser 5 et/ou d'un arc électrique.The metal compound is, in Figure 1, in the form of a wire 4 of filler metal. The wire 4 is approached from the proximity zone 3 and is melted using a laser 5 and / or an electric arc.
Le composé métallique est ainsi déposé à l'état 6 fondu dans la zone 3 de proximité, de manière à former un cordon 7 de brasure. La tenue mécanique de la brasure est fonction de la résistance du métal d'apport.The metal compound is thus deposited in the molten state in the zone 3 of proximity, so as to form a bead 7 of solder. The mechanical strength of the solder is a function of the strength of the filler metal.
On préfère l'utilisation d'un laser seul. En effet, le laser constitue une source de chaleur précisément dosée. Il est capable de fournir un gradient thermique par bombardement photonique superficiel. Ainsi, le laser apporte la chaleur adéquate pour fondre le composé métallique du fil 4 et une épaisseur minimale de l'aluminium de la pièce 1 et surtout du magnésium de la pièce 2.The use of a single laser is preferred. Indeed, the laser constitutes a heat source precisely dosed. It is capable of providing a thermal gradient by superficial photonic bombardment. Thus, the laser provides adequate heat to melt the metal compound of the wire 4 and a minimum thickness of the aluminum of room 1 and especially the magnesium of room 2.
Selon une version avantageuse de l'invention, préalablement ou simultanément au dépôt du composé métallique, on dépose au moins une terre rare.According to an advantageous version of the invention, prior to or simultaneously with the deposition of the metal compound, at least one rare earth is deposited.
On entend par terre rare le scandium, l'yttrium et les éléments chimiques de la famille des lanthanides, tels que le cérium.Rare earth means scandium, yttrium and the chemical elements of the lanthanide family, such as cerium.
On peut déposer un mélange de terres rares. Ces éléments sont utilisés pour leur rayon atomique élevé. Ils jouent un rôle principal de barrière de diffusion entre le composé métallique et le magnésium, pour limiter l'épaisseur d' intermétalliques à une couche très mince côté magnésium et pour durcir la brasure. En outre, ils servent de décapant des surfaces des pièces d'aluminium et de magnésium dans la zone de proximité, et améliorent le mouillage. Ils assurent aussi un rôle de barrière thermique .A mixture of rare earths can be deposited. These elements are used for their high atomic radius. They play a major diffusion barrier role between the metal compound and magnesium, to limit the thickness of intermetallics to a very thin magnesium side layer and to harden the solder. In addition, they serve as stripping surfaces of aluminum and magnesium parts in the vicinity area, and improve wetting. They also act as a thermal barrier.
On peut aussi déposer, préalablement ou simultanément au dépôt du composé métallique, au moins un halogénure métallique.It is also possible to deposit, before or simultaneously with the deposition of the metal compound, at least one metal halide.
L'halogénure métallique inclut un anion fluor F", chlore Cl", brome Br" ou iode I" et un cation d'un métal tel que le lithium ou le chrome, par exemple. On peut déposer un mélange d' halogénures métalliques .The metal halide includes a fluorine F " anion, Cl " chlorine, bromine Br " or iodine I " and a cation of a metal such as lithium or chromium, for example. A mixture of metal halides can be deposited.
L'halogénure métallique assure une fonction principale de décapant. Il consomme la couche d'oxydes qui peut se former à la surface des pièces d' aluminium et de magnésium dans la zone de proximité. Ainsi, les surfaces sont nettoyées et préparées pour la liaison par le composé métallique. Le dépôt d' halogénure métallique permet aussi de faciliter le mouillage lors du dépôt du composé métallique, en particulier à basse température. En outre, l'utilisation d'un tel halogénure métallique est avantageuse en ce qu'il possède une température de fusion peu élevée. Selon un mode particulier de réalisation de l'invention, chaque terre rare et/ou chaque halogénure métallique sont déposés sous une forme de poudre.The metal halide provides a main function of stripper. It consumes the oxide layer that can form on the surface of aluminum and magnesium parts in the proximity zone. Thus, the surfaces are cleaned and prepared for binding by the metal compound. The metal halide deposit also facilitates wetting during the deposition of the compound metal, especially at low temperatures. In addition, the use of such a metal halide is advantageous in that it has a low melting point. According to a particular embodiment of the invention, each rare earth and / or metal halide are deposited in a powder form.
La terre rare ou le mélange de terres rares sont de préférence déposés préalablement au dépôt du composé métallique et sous une forme de poudre, et sont de préférence chauffés en même temps que le composé métallique .The rare earth or rare earth mixture is preferably deposited prior to deposition of the metal compound and in a powder form, and is preferably heated together with the metal compound.
L' halogénure métallique ou le mélange d' halogénures métalliques peuvent être déposés préalablement au dépôt du composé métallique et sous une forme de poudre. Dans ce cas, la poudre d' halogénure (s) métallique (s) et la poudre de terre (s) rare (s) peuvent être déposées ensemble ou séparément, simultanément ou successivement.The metal halide or the mixture of metal halides may be deposited prior to deposition of the metal compound and in a powder form. In this case, the metal halide powder (s) and the rare earth powder (s) can be deposited together or separately, simultaneously or successively.
L' halogénure métallique ou le mélange d' halogénures métalliques peuvent aussi être déposés simultanément au composé métallique, et sont dans ce cas de préférence sous une forme de gaine autour du fil 4 de métal d' apport constitué du composé métallique.The metal halide or the mixture of metal halides can also be deposited simultaneously with the metal compound, and in this case preferably in a sheath form around the metal filler wire 4 made of the metal compound.
Selon un mode particulier de mise en œuvre de l'invention, le composé métallique est un alliage comprenant au moins un métal ayant une température de fusion comprise entre 4000C et 65O0C et au moins un métal ayant une température de fusion inférieure à 4000C.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the metal compound is an alloy comprising at least one metal having a melting point of between 400 ° C. and 65 ° C. and at least one metal having a melting point of less than 400 ° C.
On choisit avantageusement un tel composé métallique de manière à ce qu'il ait une température finale de fusion comprise entre 2000C et 55O0C.Advantageously, such a metal compound is chosen so that it has a final melting point of between 200 ° C. and 55 ° C.
Lorsqu'on choisit un composé métallique ayant une température de fusion basse, par exemple inférieure à 4000C, le dépôt d'au moins une terre rare est particulièrement avantageux. En effet, la tenue mécanique de la brasure est fonction de la résistance du composé métallique apporté. Cette résistance est d'autant plus faible que la température de fusion de ce composé métallique est basse. La terre rare, en tant que barrière de diffusion, compense cet effet.When choosing a metal compound having a low melting temperature, for example less than 400 0 C, the deposition of at least one rare earth is particularly advantageous. Indeed, the mechanical strength of the solder is a function of the strength of the metal compound provided. This resistance is even lower than the melting point of this metal compound is low. The rare earth, as a diffusion barrier, compensates for this effect.
On peut choisir comme métal ayant une température de fusion comprise entre 4000C et 65O0C, par exemple, le zinc. Le zinc a une température de fusion de 42O0C et est miscible à l'aluminium et au magnésium.It is possible to choose a metal having a melting temperature of between 400 ° C. and 65 ° C., for example zinc. Zinc has a melting temperature of 42O 0 C and is miscible with aluminum and magnesium.
Le zinc peut être remplacé par un alliage aluminium/silicium, par exemple à 10% de silicium.Zinc can be replaced by an aluminum / silicon alloy, for example 10% silicon.
Selon l'invention, chaque métal ayant une température de fusion inférieure à 4000C est choisi en particulier parmi le gallium, le bismuth, le lithium, le césium, l'étain, l'antimoine à titre d'exemple.According to the invention, each metal having a melting point of less than 400 ° C. is chosen in particular from gallium, bismuth, lithium, cesium, tin, and antimony by way of example.
L'intérêt d'ajouter un métal fondant à une température encore inférieure au métal ayant une température de fusion comprise entre 4000C et 65O0C est d' améliorer le brasage en réduisant la réactivité du magnésium, qui augmente avec la température. Ce métal de température de fusion inférieure à 4000C est miscible en forte proportion, de préférence à plus de 25%, à l'aluminium et au magnésium.The advantage of adding a melting metal at a temperature still lower than the metal having a melting temperature between 400 0 C and 65O 0 C is to improve the brazing by reducing the reactivity of magnesium, which increases with temperature. This metal with a melting temperature of less than 400 ° C. is miscible in high proportion, preferably more than 25%, with aluminum and magnesium.
La mise en œuvre du procédé selon l'invention permet d'obtenir un assemblage dont la résistance à la rupture en traction est supérieure à 80% de celle de l'alliage de magnésium initial. De préférence, les première et deuxième pièces sont chacune, indépendamment l'une de l'autre, sous la forme d'une tôle, d'une pièce de fonderie ou d'un tube. La présente invention concerne plus particulièrement l'assemblage d'une pièce de fonderie en magnésium avec une pièce en aluminium, qui est soit un profilé extrudé, soit une tôle emboutie. Les deux pièces sont alors assemblées soit selon une configuration de soudage bout à bout, soit selon une configuration de soudage à clin.The implementation of the process according to the invention makes it possible to obtain an assembly whose tensile strength is greater than 80% of that of the initial magnesium alloy. Preferably, the first and second parts are each, independently of one another, in the form of a sheet, a casting or a tube. The present invention more particularly relates to the assembly of a magnesium casting part with an aluminum part, which is either an extruded profile or a stamped sheet. The two pieces are then assembled either in an end-to-end welding configuration or in a clinching welding configuration.
Bien entendu, on peut assembler, par la mise en œuvre du procédé selon l'invention, une ou plusieurs pièces en magnésium à une ou plusieurs pièces en aluminium. La présente invention concerne également un assemblage de deux pièces dont la première pièce comprend au moins 85% d'aluminium et dont la deuxième pièce comprend au moins 85% de magnésium. Ces deux pièces sont assemblées par une brasure. Un tel assemblage, susceptible d'être obtenu par le procédé selon l'invention, est destiné à être utilisé en particulier dans le domaine de l'automobile, plus particulièrement dans le but d'alléger les carrosseries.Of course, one can assemble, by implementing the method according to the invention, one or more magnesium parts to one or more aluminum parts. The present invention also relates to an assembly of two parts, the first part comprises at least 85% aluminum and the second part comprises at least 85% magnesium. These two pieces are joined by a solder. Such an assembly, obtainable by the method according to the invention, is intended to be used in particular in the automotive field, more particularly for the purpose of lightening the bodies.
L'invention s'intéresse tout particulièrement aux assemblages de tubes extrudés en aluminium à une pièce de fonderie en magnésium. The invention is particularly interested in assembling extruded aluminum tubes to a magnesium casting.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0509655A FR2890880A1 (en) | 2005-09-21 | 2005-09-21 | METHOD FOR ASSEMBLING AND ASSEMBLING AN ALUMINUM PART AND A MAGNESIUM PIECE |
| FR0509655 | 2005-09-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2007034121A1 true WO2007034121A1 (en) | 2007-03-29 |
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ID=36587254
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2006/050920 Ceased WO2007034121A1 (en) | 2005-09-21 | 2006-09-21 | Assembling method and assembling an aluminum component and a magnesium component by depositing a molten metal compound having a melting point lower than 650°c |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2890880A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2007034121A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110883395A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-03-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A brazing method for surface-activated aluminum alloy using liquid gallium pre-coating |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1134543A (en) * | 1966-04-12 | 1968-11-27 | Modine Mfg Co | Metal bonding |
| DE3433200A1 (en) * | 1984-09-10 | 1986-03-20 | Josef Kössen Tirol Dagn | Process for soldering aluminium, magnesium and alloys of these metals |
| US4739920A (en) * | 1986-03-19 | 1988-04-26 | Rca Corporation | Soldering process |
| JPS6419162A (en) * | 1987-07-10 | 1989-01-23 | Showa Aluminum Corp | Intake manifold |
| DE10304954A1 (en) * | 2003-02-06 | 2004-08-19 | Volkswagen Ag | To weld together materials of different characteristics, e.g. for vehicle bodywork, a molten bath is formed in the lower melting point material followed by an arc to form a solder bond |
| EP1462207A1 (en) * | 2003-03-29 | 2004-09-29 | Grillo-Werke AG | Welding, soldering or brazing method under a protective atmosphere of metallic workpieces using a Zn/Al filler material |
-
2005
- 2005-09-21 FR FR0509655A patent/FR2890880A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-09-21 WO PCT/FR2006/050920 patent/WO2007034121A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1134543A (en) * | 1966-04-12 | 1968-11-27 | Modine Mfg Co | Metal bonding |
| DE3433200A1 (en) * | 1984-09-10 | 1986-03-20 | Josef Kössen Tirol Dagn | Process for soldering aluminium, magnesium and alloys of these metals |
| US4739920A (en) * | 1986-03-19 | 1988-04-26 | Rca Corporation | Soldering process |
| JPS6419162A (en) * | 1987-07-10 | 1989-01-23 | Showa Aluminum Corp | Intake manifold |
| DE10304954A1 (en) * | 2003-02-06 | 2004-08-19 | Volkswagen Ag | To weld together materials of different characteristics, e.g. for vehicle bodywork, a molten bath is formed in the lower melting point material followed by an arc to form a solder bond |
| EP1462207A1 (en) * | 2003-03-29 | 2004-09-29 | Grillo-Werke AG | Welding, soldering or brazing method under a protective atmosphere of metallic workpieces using a Zn/Al filler material |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 013, no. 194 (M - 823) 10 May 1989 (1989-05-10) * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110883395A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-03-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A brazing method for surface-activated aluminum alloy using liquid gallium pre-coating |
| CN110883395B (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2021-05-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A brazing method for surface-activated aluminum alloy using liquid gallium pre-coating |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2890880A1 (en) | 2007-03-23 |
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